[===] | [===] | (ornamental separator) | punctuation ● | |
а | a | and, but | conjunction ● | |
Абакум | Abakum | Aulis | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. In the tradition of Epic Cycle, Aulis is the gathering point of Greek fleet before crossing the sea to Troy. The name of the island is possibly biblicized (Prophet Avakum/Habakkuk?). Jagić's version has Avlida Em'broikъ (based on Euboica acording to Veselovskij 1888:70). In Pypin's edition, the killing of the sacred hind also takes place next to Troy without mentioning the island, where they are attacked by Hector. |
абие | abie | immediately | adverb ● | CS |
Авакум | Avakum | Habakkuk | noun ● o-stem | |
авва | avva | abbot | noun ● uninflected | |
август | avgust | August | noun ● o-stem | |
Авдий | Avdii | Obadiah | noun ● new i-stem | |
Авел | Avel | Abel | noun ● jo-stem | |
Авив | Aviv | Habib | noun ● o-stem | Punčo seems to be unsure about the default form of the name. Both o-stem Avivь or jā-stem Aviva appear in subject positions. The vocative form Avivo also seems to reflect a jā-stem. |
Авимелех | Avimelex | Abimelech | noun ● o-stem | |
Авраам | Avraam | Abraham | noun ● o-stem | Punčo does not seem to distinguish the patriarch's original name and the one given to him by God after the birth of Ishmael (Gen 17:5), writing forms like avramь 'Abram' and avraamь 'Abraham' freely. |
Авраамов | Avraamov | Abraham's | adjective ● hard stem | |
Агамен | Agamen | Agamemnon | noun ● hard stem | |
Агара | Agara | Hagar | noun ● ā-stem | Servant of Sarah (Gen 16) or wife of Abraham (Q 14). |
Агарин | Agarin | of Hagar | adjective ● hard stem | |
агарянин | agarěnin | Hagarene | noun ● ethno-stem | Commonly used for Muslims or Turks. |
агарянски | agarěnski | Hagarene | adjective ● hard stem | |
Аглия | Aglia | Aglaea | noun ● jā-stem | |
агне | agne | lamb | noun ● nt-stem | |
агнец | agnec | lamb (male) | noun ● jo-stem | |
Ад | Ad | Hades | noun ● o-stem | |
ад | ad | hell | noun ● o-stem | |
Адам | Adam | Adam | noun ● o-stem | |
Адаман | Adaman | Adaman | noun ● o-stem | An unclear toponym, named by Punčo as the city, where St. Pantaleon was buried. Probably, originally the site of the grave of Adamantius the Scholar (Origenes?), mentioned in some versions of his Life (EN). |
Адамов | Adamov | Adam's | adjective ● hard stem | |
адет | adet | custom | noun ● o-stem | Carski's word. BAN I 4: adet 'navik, običai' < tr. adet < ar. ʿādat |
аджадисам | adžadisam | pity | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 3sg.aor agiadissa. Mauricio: Agedissuam 'compatire'. Google: tr. acımak 'pity'. |
Адов | Adov | of Hades | adjective ● hard stem | |
адрианополски | adrianopolski | of Adrianople | adjective ● hard stem | |
Адриян | Adrian | Hadrian | noun ● | |
аз | az | I | pronoun ● | Annotation uses the following scheme, even if long and short forms can fulfill different syntactic functions: mene Pp1-sg, mi Pp1-sd, me Pp1-sa |
Азия | Azija | Asia | noun ● jā-stem | CS Asija, adj. asiiski, but Punčo uses this spelling for the noun. |
акарете | akarete | building | noun ● o-stem | Carski's word. Wiktionary: RO acaret 'shed' < ottom. tr. akaret < ar. ʿaqārāt pl. 'sheds' Morphology is unclear. Found in a book by Sava Velev (1907), citing a text from Mixail Kifalov from 1854: Otъ godišnyĭ-atъ prixodъ na imotъ-atъ mi, koi-to sja sъbira do desetь tysjašti (xiljady) vlaški groša, da blagovolite (po što sja izvadi izъ nego iždivenïe-to (xarčъ-atъ) zaplata na edinъ počtenъ čelověkъ, kogo-to šte otrjadvate tuka otъ vremja do vremja, da dava sъ kirïja tĭzi zdanïja (akarete), da sъbira prixodъ-atъ imъ, i da sja gryži za popravlenïe-to (merametъ-atъ) [...] |
ако | ako | if | conjunction ● | |
акъл | akъl | reason | noun ● o-stem | Carski: akal(at) |
ала | ala | but | conjunction ● | |
алаи | alai | together | adverb ● | Carski's word. Meaning unclear, used as a part of the phrase bir alai or with the preposition s 'with'. Perhaps related to tr. alay 'regiment, ridicule, mockery' (> 'as one troop, all' ?) |
Александер | Aleksander | Alexander | noun ● o-stem | |
Александра | Aleksandra | Alexandra | noun ● ā-stem | |
Александрий | Aleksandrii | Alexandrius | noun ● new i-stem | A variant of Aleksandъr. |
Александрия | Aleksandrija | Alexandria | noun ● jā-stem | |
Александров | Aleksandrov | Alexander's | adjective ● hard stem | |
Алексий | Aleksii | Alexius | noun ● new i-stem | The form aleѯiju appears as direct objects (as in a jā-stem) too. |
Алексин | Aleksin | of Alexius | adjective ● hard stem | |
Алексов | Aleksov | of Alexius | adjective ● hard stem | |
али | ali | but | conjunction ● | |
алилуя | aliluia | hallelujah | interjection ● | |
Алусян | Alusian | Alusian | noun ● o-stem | |
ама | ama | but | conjunction ● | |
Аман | Aman | Ammon | noun ● o-stem | |
Амвросий | Amvrosii | Ambrosius | noun ● new i-stem | |
ами | ami | but | conjunction ● | |
амин | amin | amen | interjection ● | |
амир | amir | emir | noun ● o-stem | |
аморейски | amoreiski | Amorite | adjective ● hard stem | |
Анадол | Anadol | Anatolia | noun ● o-stem | |
Анастасий | Anastasii | Anastasius | noun ● new i-stem | |
ангел | angel | angel | noun ● o-stem | |
ангелов | angelov | angel's | adjective ● hard stem | |
ангелски | angelski | angelic | adjective ● hard stem | |
анджак | andžak | however | conjunction ● | Carski: angiak. Mauricio: Angek 'anzi' < tr. ancak 'however' |
Андрей | Andrei | Andrew | noun ● new i-stem | |
Андрофия | Androfia | Andromache | noun ● jā-stem | |
Анна | Anna | Anne | noun ● ā-stem | |
антиохийски | antioxiiski | of Antioch | adjective ● hard stem | |
Антиохия | Antioxija | Antioch | noun ● jā-stem | |
Антихрист | Antixrist | Antichrist | noun ● o-stem | |
Антихристов | Antixristov | Antichrist's | adjective ● hard stem | |
Антон | Anton | Anthony | noun ● o-stem | |
Антоний | Antonii | Anthony | noun ● new i-stem | |
Антонин | Antonin | of Anthony | adjective ● hard stem | |
Анцидеш | Ancideš | Anchises | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Translation based on Veselovskij (1888:76 f.), also followed by Ruseva. |
Аполон | Apolon | Apollo | noun ● o-stem | |
Аполонов | Apolonov | of Apollo | adjective ● hard stem | |
апостол | apostol | apostle | noun ● jo-stem | |
апостолски | apostolski | apostolic | adjective ● hard stem | |
Апридеж | Apridež | Phrixus | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Veselovskij (1888:30) adds Phrygus (> *Frižь) as a possible source. Possibly related to Prideš (Ruseva 2011:103). Jagić's version has pred Priěmušem here. |
април | april | April | noun ● jo-stem | |
Аравия | Aravija | Arabia | noun ● jā-stem | |
арапин | arapin | Arab | noun ● ethno-stem | Carski's word. |
араратски | araratski | of Ararat | adjective ● hard stem | |
арбанашки | arbanaški | Albanian | adjective ● hard stem | A variant of arvanitski. |
арванитски | arvanitski | Albanian | adjective ● hard stem | |
Аркадий | Arkadii | Arcadius | noun ● new i-stem | |
арматосати | armatosati | take arms | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. Miklosich: armatosati 'harmatōnein, armare'. |
арматосия | armatosia | armor | noun ● jā-stem | See above. |
арменски | armenski | Armenian | adjective ● hard stem | |
аромат | aromat | aroma, scent | noun ● o-stem | |
Арон | Aron | Aaron | noun ● o-stem | |
Аронов | Aronov | Aaron's | adjective ● hard stem | |
артисам | artisam | remain | verb ● a-verb | BAN I 16: artisvam, artisam 'ostavam (v poveče)' < tr. artmak 'ostavam' |
артисвам | artisvam | remain | verb ● a-verb | |
архангел | arxangel | archangel | noun ● o-stem | |
архангелски | arxangelski | archangelic | adjective ● hard stem | |
Архелеов | Arxeleov | of Archelaos | adjective ● hard stem | |
Архелеон | Arxeleon | Archelaos | noun ● o-stem | CS Arxelai - name of a son of Herod the Great and a soldier attempting to execute St. Procopius. |
архиепископ | arxiepiskop | archbishop | noun ● o-stem | |
архиерей | arxierei | archbishop | noun ● new i-stem | |
архиерейски | arxiereiski | of an archbishop | adjective ● hard stem | |
Архип | Arxip | Archippus | noun ● o-stem | |
архистратиг | arxistratig | archistratege | noun ● o-stem | An epithet of Archangel Michael. |
Асадита | Asadita | Asadite | noun ● ā-stem | |
Асен | Asěn | Asen | noun ● jo-stem | |
Асенов | Asěnov | Asen's | adjective ● hard stem | |
асийски | asiiski | Asian | adjective ● hard stem | |
Асирион | Asirion | Assyria | noun ● o-stem | Likely a misreading of pl.dat assѵrïomъ 'Assyrians' in Gen 2:14. |
асирянин | asirjanin | Assyrian | noun ● ethno-stem | |
аскер | asker | army | noun ● o-stem | Carski's word. |
Аскипий | Askipii | Asclepius | noun ● o-stem | BG Asklepii - the name is attested in Punčo's Sbornik in two forms: askipa (as direct object) and askipia (as predicate). |
аспида | aspida | asp | noun ● ā-stem | |
аспра | aspra | silver coin, aspron | noun ● ā-stem | |
асфалт | asfalt | asphalt | noun ● o-stem | |
Атанасий | Atanasii | Athanasios | noun ● new i-stem | |
атли | atli | rider | noun ● new i-stem | Carski: pl. atlie. Google: tr. atlı 'riding' |
ато | ato | and even | particle ● | |
атонски | atonski | of Athos | adjective ● hard stem | |
Африка | Afrika | Africa | noun ● ā-stem | |
ах | ax | ah | interjection ● | |
Ахав | Axav | Ahab | noun ● o-stem | |
Ахавов | Axavov | of Ahab | adjective ● hard stem | |
ахчийница | axčiinica | restaurant | noun ● jā-stem | Google: tr. ahçı 'chef' |
ахчия | axčija | cook | noun ● new i-stem | |
Ацилееш | Acileeš | Achilles | noun ● jo-stem | |
Ацилеешев | Acileešev | of Achilles | adjective ● hard stem | |
ачик | ačik | clear | adjective ● hard stem | Carski: acik. Google: tr. açık 'clear, open, articulate' |
аще | ašte | if | conjunction ● | CS |
Аякш | Ajakš | Ajax | noun ● jo-stem | |
баба | baba | old woman, granny | noun ● ā-stem | |
багреница | bagrenica | purple mantle | noun ● jā-stem | |
баждарин | baždarin | customs officer | noun ● ethno-stem | BAN I 26: baždar 'sъbirač na mito za vnasjane na stoka v grad', baždarina 'mito' < tr. bacı 'mito' + per. -dar (častica za obrazuvane na nomina agentis) |
байряктар | bairjaktar | standard bearer | noun ● o-stem | |
бакар | bakar | kettle | noun ● o-stem | Carski's word. Either going back to BAN I 27: bakara 'glinen sъd s širok otvor za rakija', or to bakъr with the meaning 'copper kettle'. |
бакър | bakъr | copper | noun ● uninflected | rechnik.chitanka: bakъr 'metalъt med' |
баня | banja | bath | noun ● jā-stem | |
барабар | barabar | together | adverb ● | Carski's word. Mauricio: Barabar 'eguale', Google: tr. beraber 'together'. |
баращисвам | baraštisvam | reconcile | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 3pl.aor/impf barasctardissaha. BAN I 33: baraštisvam se 'pomirjavam se' < tr. barışmak |
Баронии | Baronii | Baronius | noun ● new i-stem | Cesare Baronio (1538-1607), Italian cardinal and historian, author of Annales Ecclesiastici. wiki |
басня | basnja | myth | noun ● jā-stem | |
Батой | Batoi | Batoi | noun ● new i-stem | A great Bulgarian king (kralь) according to Paisius. Possibly another name of Khan Asparukh, who founded the Bulgaria on Danube in 680s. |
баш | baš | head, arch- | noun ● uninflected | Carski: basc. Used in phrases like basc eretik 'leader of heretics', basc duscmanin 'arch-enemy', going back to tr. baş 'head'. |
башка | baška | apart, separately | adverb ● | Google: tr. başka 'apart' |
баща | bašta | father | noun ● ā-stem | Likely a jā-stem in older CS, but common first in 18th c. |
бащин | baštin | father's | adjective ● hard stem | |
бащнина | baštnina | fatherland | noun ● ā-stem | RBE: link - a dialectal variant of baštinija. |
бащнинен | baštninen | of fatherland | adjective ● hard stem | |
Баязид | Bajazid | Bayezid | noun ● o-stem | |
бдение | bdenie | staying awake | noun ● jo-stem | |
беда | beda | woe | noun ● ā-stem | CS běda |
беден | beden | poor | adjective ● hard stem | |
бедствовати | bedstvovati | suffer | verb ● a-verb | |
без | bez | without | preposition ● with gen | |
безакълен | bezakъlen | mindless | adjective ● hard stem | Carski: bes akalni |
безбожен | bezbožen | godless | adjective ● hard stem | |
безбожник | bezbožnik | godless one | noun ● o-stem | |
безбожница | bezbožnica | godless woman | noun ● jā-stem | |
безбожно | bezbožno | godlessly | adverb ● | |
безводен | bezvoden | waterless | adjective ● hard stem | |
безгласен | bezglasen | voiceless | adjective ● hard stem | |
безглъчен | bezglъčen | noiseless | adjective ● hard stem | RBE: glъčen 'kojto e izpъlnen s glъč, šum' (link) |
безглъчно | bezglъčno | without noise | adverb ● | |
безгрижен | bezgrižen | careless, safe | adjective ● hard stem | |
бездна | bezdna | abyss | noun ● ā-stem | |
бездушен | bezdušen | soulless | adjective ● hard stem | |
бездушник | bezdušnik | soulless one | noun ● o-stem | |
бездъждие | bezdъždie | time of no rain | noun ● jo-stem | |
бездънен | bezdъnen | bottomless | adjective ● hard stem | |
бездѣльно | bezdělьno | with no capacity | adverb ● | Miklosich: bezdělьnъ 'apraktos, inefficax' |
беззаконен | bezzakonen | lawless | adjective ● hard stem | |
беззаконие | bezzakonie | lawlessness | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
беззаконник | bezzakonnik | lawless | noun ● | |
беззаконство | bezzakonstvo | lawlessness | noun ● o-stem | |
безконечен | bezkonečen | endless | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
безкраен | bezkraen | endless | adjective ● hard stem | |
безкрайно | bezkraino | endlessly | adverb ● | |
безмерен | bezmeren | immense | adjective ● hard stem | |
безмлъвьствовати | bezmlъvьstvovati | dwell in silence | verb ● e-verb | CS; EuthDict link |
безмълвие | bezmъlvie | silence | noun ● jo-stem | |
безначален | beznačalen | without a beginning | adjective ● hard stem | |
безочлив | bezočliv | heedless | adjective ● hard stem | |
безпаметен | bezpameten | without a memory, forgotten | adjective ● hard stem | |
безплоден | bezploden | barren | adjective ● hard stem | |
безрачьнъ | bezračьn | unseeming | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
безреден | bezreden | inorderly | adjective ● hard stem | |
безсловесие | bezslovesie | speechlessness | noun ● jo-stem | |
безсмъртен | bezsmъrten | immortal | adjective ● hard stem | |
безсрамен | bezsramen | shameless | adjective ● hard stem | |
безсрамно | bezsramno | shamelessly | adverb ● | |
безсребърник | bezsrebъrnik | unmercenary | noun ● o-stem | Attributed to St. St. Cosmas and Damian. |
безстрашно | bezstrašno | fearlessly | adverb ● | |
безумен | bezumen | foolish | adjective ● hard stem | |
безумие | bezumie | folly | noun ● jo-stem | |
безумник | bezumnik | foolish man | noun ● o-stem | |
безумница | bezumnica | foolish woman | noun ● jā-stem | |
безумство | bezumstvo | folly | noun ● o-stem | |
безценен | bezcenen | priceless, precious | adjective ● hard stem | RBE: link |
безчеден | bezčeden | childless | adjective ● hard stem | |
безчислен | bezčislen | immeasurable | adjective ● hard stem | |
безчловечен | bezčlovečen | inhuman | adjective ● hard stem | |
безчловечие | bezčlovečie | inhumanity | noun ● jo-stem | Miklosich: bezъčlověčije 'inhumanitas' |
бей | bei | bey | noun ● monosyllabic | Written begh by Carski. |
бела | bela | misfortune | noun ● ā-stem | Carski's word. Mauricio: Belà 'infortunio'. Google: tr. belâ 'scourge' (< ar. balāˀ). |
белег | beleg | evidence, scar | noun ● o-stem | |
белки | belki | perhaps | adverb ● | Google: tr. belki 'maybe, perhaps' |
бера | bera | take | verb ● e-verb | |
берекет | bereket | abundance | noun ● uninflected | Google: tr. bereket 'abundance' |
беседа | besěda | (idle) discussion, word | noun ● ā-stem | |
беседовати | besědovati | discuss | verb ● e-verb | CS. Although the verb besedvam is attested in some dialects, the word beseda 'meeting (outside), informal debate' is considered a re-borrowing from RU (cf. BAN I 44). |
бесен | běsen | possessed, mad | adjective ● hard stem | |
бесконьчьнъ | beskonьčьn | endless | adjective ● hard stem | |
бесност | běsnost | madness | noun ● i-stem | |
беснувам | běsnuvam | be possessed | verb ● a-verb | |
беспечальнъ | bespečalьn | worriless | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
бестудьнѣ | bestudьně | shamelessly | adverb ● | CS |
Беч | Beč | Vienna | noun ● i-stem | |
бешик | bešik | cradle | noun ● o-stem | Carski: biscika+t. Google: tr. beşik, tat. bišek 'cradle'; BAN I 45: bešik 'detska ljulka, kolebka' |
бивам | bivam | be, dwell | verb ● a-verb | |
бивол | bivol | buffalo | noun ● o-stem | |
билка | bilka | herb | noun ● ā-stem | |
бир | bir | tax | noun ● o-stem | CS |
бир (2) | bir (2) | one | numeral ● | Used (by Carski) in phrases like bir alai 'together' (lit. 'as one troop' ?), bir karar 'only' (lit. 'in a single state'). |
бисер | biser | pearl | noun ● o-stem | |
бисерие | biserie | pearls | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
бистро | bistro | quickly | adverb ● | |
бистър | bistъr | quick, fresh | adjective ● hard stem | |
бия | bija | beat | verb ● e-verb | Punčo builds passive participles with both suffixes: both bit- and bien-. |
благ | blag | good | adjective ● hard stem | |
благо | blago | good | noun ● o-stem | |
благоверен | blagoveren | pious | adjective ● hard stem | CS blagověrьnъ |
благовещение | blagoveštenie | annunciation | noun ● jo-stem | |
благоволение | blagovolenie | good will | noun ● jo-stem | CS translation of gr. eudokia (Lk 2:14). |
благовонен | blagovonen | scenting | adjective ● hard stem | |
благоговеен | blagogoveen | pious | adjective ● hard stem | Miklosich: blagogověinъ 'eulabēs, pius' |
благоговейно | blagogoveino | piously | adverb ● | |
благоговение | blagogovenie | piety | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
благодарен | blagodaren | thankful | adjective ● hard stem | |
благодарение | blagodarenie | thankfulness | noun ● jo-stem | |
благодарно | blagodarno | thankfully | adverb ● | |
благодаровати | blagodarovati | thank | verb ● e-verb | CS |
благодаря | blagodarja | thank | verb ● i-verb | |
благодат | blagodat | virtue, blessing | noun ● i-stem | |
благодател | blagodatel | benefactor | noun ● jo-stem | |
благодатен | blagodaten | beneficial | adjective ● hard stem | CS blagodětьnъ |
благодеяние | blagodejanie | good deeds | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
благополучен | blagopolučen | fortunate | adjective ● hard stem | |
благоразумен | blagorazumen | well considering | adjective ● hard stem | |
благороден | blagoroden | noble | adjective ● hard stem | |
благородие | blagorodie | nobility | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
благославям | blagoslavjam | bless | verb ● a-verb | |
благослов | blagoslov | blessing | noun ● o-stem | |
благословение | blagoslovenie | blessing | noun ● jo-stem | |
благословя | blagoslovja | bless | verb ● i-verb | |
благост | blagost | blessing | noun ● i-stem | CS |
благостина | blagostina | majesty | noun ● ā-stem | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
благосъвѣщь | blagosъvěšt | giving good advice | adjective ● soft stem | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. Likely related to blagosъvětie 'bonum consilium' mentioned by Miklošić, or blagosъvěstovati, a variant of blagověstiti 'announce (the Gospel)' in SJS. |
благотворение | blagotvorenie | good deeds | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
благоутробен | blagoutroben | merciful | adjective ● hard stem | CS blagoǫtrobьnъ |
благоухая | blagouxaja | scent | verb ● e-verb | Considered a borrowing from RU (BAN I 53, 216), not CS. |
благочестив | blagočestiv | honorable | adjective ● hard stem | |
благочестие | blagočestie | piety | noun ● jo-stem | CS blagočьstie |
благочьстивѣ | blagočьstivě | piously | adverb ● | CS; EuthDict link |
блажен | blažen | blessed, blissful | adjective ● hard stem | Actually a ptcp.praet.pass of blažiti, but the verb does not seem to be productive in Punčo's language (as well as st. BG) anymore. |
блаженство | blaženstvo | bliss | noun ● o-stem | |
блажити | blažiti | praise | verb ● i-verb | CS; Miklosich: blažiti 'makarizein, beatum praedicare' |
блазнение | blaznenie | deception | noun ● jo-stem | |
блазня | blaznja | seduce, deceive | verb ● i-verb | |
блед | bled | pale | adjective ● hard stem | |
бледав | bledav | pale | adjective ● hard stem | |
ближен | bližen | neighbor | adjective ● hard stem | |
близо | blizo | close | adverb ● | |
близъ | blizъ | close | preposition ● with gen | CS |
блуд | blud | sin, adultery | noun ● o-stem | CS |
блуден | bluden | sinful | adjective ● hard stem | |
блудник | bludnik | adulterer | noun ● o-stem | |
блудница | bludnica | adulterous woman | noun ● jā-stem | |
блудничин | bludničin | of adulterous woman | adjective ● hard stem | |
блъскавица | blъskavica | thunderstorm | noun ● ā-stem | RBE: link. |
блъсък | blъsъk | lightning | noun ● o-stem | CS |
блюдо | bljudo | dish, plate | noun ● o-stem | CS |
блюсти | bljusti | observe, watch | verb ● e-verb | CS, 1sg.prs bljudǫ, 2sg bljudeši. |
бо | bo | because | conjunction ● | CS |
бог | bog | god | noun ● monosyllabic | |
богат | bogat | rich | adjective ● hard stem | |
богатство | bogatstvo | wealth | noun ● o-stem | |
богоборец | bogoborec | enemy of God | noun ● jo-stem | Miklosich: bogoborьcь 'theomaxos, cum deo pugnans' |
богобоязен | bogobojazen | fearing God | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
богобоязлив | bogobojazliv | fearing God | adjective ● hard stem | |
Боговидец | Bogovidec | one who sees God | noun ● jo-stem | CS; Miklosich: bogovidъcь 'ѳeoptēs, deum videns' |
боголепно | bogolěpno | appropriately to God | adverb ● | Miklosich: bogolěpьno 'theoprepōs, ut deo par est' |
боголюбив | bogoljubiv | loving God | adjective ● hard stem | |
Богомати | Bogomati | Mother of God | noun ● r-stem | CS |
богоплетен | bogopleten | woven by God | adjective ● hard stem | |
богопочтен | bogopočten | honored by God | adjective ● hard stem | |
богоприимец | bogopriimec | receiving God | noun ● jo-stem | CS bogopriimьcь |
богопротивен | bogoprotiven | resisting God | adjective ● hard stem | Miklosich: bogoprotivьnъ 'theomaxos, cum deo pugnans' |
богоразумно | bogorazumno | understanding God | adverb ● | Miklosich: bogorazumie 'theognōsia' |
Богородица | Bogorodica | Mother of God | noun ● jā-stem | Also used for the abbreviation ѳu (gr. [mētēr] theou 'Mother of God') used on pictures. |
Богородичен | Bogorodičen | of Mother of God | adjective ● hard stem | |
богосвятлив | bogosvětliv | shining by the grace of God | adjective ● hard stem | |
Богослов | Bogoslov | Apostle, theologian | noun ● o-stem | An epithet of John the Apostle/Evangelist (to distinguish him from John the Baptist). A calque reflecting gr. theologos. |
боготъкан | bogotъkan | woven by God | adjective ● hard stem | |
богоугоден | bogougoden | pleasing God | adjective ● hard stem | Miklosich: bogoougodьnъ 'thearestos, deo placens' |
богоявление | bogojavlenie | Epiphany of God | noun ● jo-stem | |
бода | boda | prick | verb ● e-verb | |
божем | božem | apparently, suddenly | adverb ● | BAN I 62: božem 'už, kato če li' < bo + že, kato krainoto -m se e razvilo pod vlijanie na narečija kato pъtem, denem |
божествен | božestven | divine | adjective ● hard stem | |
божество | božestvo | divinity | noun ● o-stem | |
божии | božii | God's | adjective ● hard stem | |
бой | boi | fight | noun ● monosyllabic | |
болева | boleva | pain | noun ● ā-stem | Carski's word. |
болезнен | boleznen | ill | adjective ● hard stem | |
болен | bolen | ill | adjective ● hard stem | |
болест | bolest | illness | noun ● i-stem | |
болея | boleja | hurt, crave | verb ● e-verb | |
болий | bolii | greater | adjective ● soft stem | CS |
болнав | bolnav | sickly | adjective ● hard stem | |
боля | bolě | more | adverb ● | CS |
болярин | boljarin | boyar, noble | noun ● ethno-stem | |
болярка | boljarka | boyar lady | noun ● ā-stem | |
болярски | boljarski | aristocratic | adjective ● hard stem | |
болярство | boljarstvo | pride, noble origin | noun ● o-stem | |
болѣзновати | bolěznovati | hurt | verb ● e-verb | CS |
болѣзнь | bolěznь | illness, pain | noun ● i-stem | CS; EuthDict link |
Бонвилло | Bonvillo | Bonvillo | noun ● o-stem | |
Боньо | Bonjo | Bonyo | noun ● jo-stem | Shortened form of the name Bogdan. The name popo Bono is found on the p.358 (chapter 045) in a sidenote, likely a reader or proprietor of the manuscript in 1835. |
борба | borba | battle, struggle | noun ● ā-stem | |
борец | borec | warrior, champion, wrestler | noun ● jo-stem | |
Борил | Boril | Boril | noun ● o-stem | |
Борис | Boris | Boris | noun ● o-stem | |
боря | borja | struggle | verb ● i-verb | |
бос | bos | barefoot | adjective ● hard stem | |
боя | boja | fear | verb ● i-verb | |
боя (2) | boja (2) | paint | noun ● jā-stem | |
боязлив | bojazliv | fearful | adjective ● hard stem | |
боязнь | bojaznь | fear | noun ● i-stem | CS |
брада | brada | beard | noun ● ā-stem | |
бран | bran | battle | noun ● i-stem | CS |
Брандибур | Brandibur | Brandenburg | noun ● o-stem | Used by Paisius for Prussia and Germany in general. |
браня | branja | defend | verb ● i-verb | |
брат | brat | brother | noun ● irregular | Punčo uses various plural forms, e.g. bratia, brate, bratii etc. |
братко | bratko | brother | noun ● o-stem | Carski: bratco |
братоненавидник | bratonenavidnik | brother-hater | noun ● o-stem | CS |
братство | bratstvo | brotherhood | noun ● o-stem | |
брачина | bračina | diapers | noun ● ā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Appears in phrase vь bračini - probably a pl.nom/acc form. |
брашно | brašno | flour | noun ● o-stem | |
бреме | breme | burden | noun ● n-stem | CS brěmę |
Брижеида | Brižeida | Briseis | noun ● ā-stem | In the Legend of Troy, she is appears as daughter of Felespon suličnik, captured by Achilles on pridežьskyǫ otoky. |
бродница | brodnica | sorceress | noun ● jā-stem | From brodja 'pass (water or night)'. The word was also used by a tribe in Moldova, which served as mercenaries for Kievan princes and Ivan Asen II (wiki). Thus it may have gained the meaning 'one with strange habits' > 'sorcerer'. |
броеничка | broenička | rosary | noun ● ā-stem | BG broenica |
брой | broi | count | noun ● monosyllabic | |
броя | broja | count | verb ● i-verb | |
бръкна | brъkna | reach (into something) | verb ● e-verb | |
бряг | brěg | shore | noun ● monosyllabic | |
будувам | buduvam | be awake | verb ● a-verb | |
буен | buen | foolish | adjective ● hard stem | Punčo follows the meaning of CS boui 'mōros, insipidus', a different meaning in BG buen 'fierce' (rechnik.chitanka: 'koito se projavjava s goljama sila i skorost'). |
буйник | buinik | fool | noun ● o-stem | Not in dictionaries, based on buen. |
бунище | bunište | dump | noun ● jo-stem | |
бурен | buren | weed | noun ● o-stem | Punčo: burjan. The spelling is also found in RU/UA and SC. |
Буро | Buro | Buro | noun ● o-stem | The name is unknown elsewhere. Punčo uses buru for both direct objects (e.g. da pokr-ti c-ra buru 'to baptize King Buro') and possessors (otide c-ru buru u dvorove 'he went to the palace of King Buro'), like in ā-stems. |
Бурса | Bursa | Bursa | noun ● ā-stem | |
буря | burja | storm | noun ● jā-stem | |
бутам | butam | push | verb ● a-verb | |
бъда | bъda | become | verb ● e-verb | Also used for conditional particles bix, bi, etc. |
българин | bъlgarin | Bulgarian | noun ● ethno-stem | Punčo uses both -e and -i as pl.nom forms (5 vs. 2 in first 20 chapters). |
България | Bъlgaria | Bulgaria | noun ● jā-stem | |
български | bъlgarski | of Bulgaria | adjective ● hard stem | |
бърз | bъrz | fast | adjective ● hard stem | |
бързам | bъrzam | haste | verb ● a-verb | |
бързо | bъrzo | quickly | adverb ● | |
былие | bylie | herbs | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
быти | byti | be | verb ● irregular | An obsolete lemma: sъm or bъda are used instead. |
бяг | běg | run, flight | noun ● monosyllabic | |
бягам | běgam | run | verb ● a-verb | |
бял | běl | white | adjective ● hard stem | |
бялоличен | běloličen | having a white face | adjective ● hard stem | |
бяс | běs | demon | noun ● monosyllabic | Punčo prefers pl. besove, but besi appears too. |
бясовски | běsovski | demonic | adjective ● hard stem | |
бѣжати | běžati | run | verb ● i-verb | CS |
в | v | in | preposition ● with loc (locative) or acc (lative) | |
Ваал | Vaal | Baal | noun ● o-stem | |
Ваалов | Vaalov | of Baal | adjective ● hard stem | |
Вавилон | Vavilon | Babylon | noun ● o-stem | |
вавилонски | vavilonski | Babylonian | adjective ● hard stem | |
вавилонянин | vavilonjanin | Babylonian | noun ● ethno-stem | |
вада | vada | channel | noun ● ā-stem | BAN I 111: váda 'kanal za napojavane ili za karane na vodenica i dr.' |
важа | važa | weigh | verb ● i-verb | |
валя | valja | rain | verb ● i-verb | |
вар | var | lime | noun ● i-stem | |
варварин | varvarin | barbarian | noun ● ethno-stem | |
вардя | vardja | guard | verb ● i-verb | |
вариво | varivo | porridge | noun ● o-stem | |
варница | varnica | lime oven | noun ● jā-stem | |
варя | varja | cook | verb ● i-verb | |
васански | vasanski | of Bashan | adjective ● hard stem | |
Василий | Vasilii | Basileus | noun ● new i-stem | |
васия | vasija | holder | noun ● new i-stem | BAN I 122: vasija 'nastojnik, opekun' (SZ) < tr. vasi < ar. waṣiyya |
Ватуил | Vatuil | Bethuel | noun ● o-stem | Punčo: tatuilь or ѳatuilь - likely misreading Cyrillic в as ѳ. |
ваш | vaš | your | adjective ● pronominal soft stem | |
вдигам | vdigam | raise | verb ● a-verb | Commonly written without the initial v- by Punčo (e.g. 3sg.impf digaše). |
вдигна | vdigna | raise | verb ● e-verb | |
вдовица | vdovica | widow | noun ● jā-stem | |
вдовицин | vdovicin | of a widow | adjective ● hard stem | |
вдовичество | vdovičestvo | widowhood | noun ● o-stem | |
ведети | věděti | know | verb ● irregular | CS; 1sg.prs vědě, 2sg.prs věsi |
веднъж | vednъž | once | adverb ● | BAN (I 127) gives a 15th-c. form jedinǫšt, analyzing it as sg.acc edinǫ + ptcp.aor.act šьd- lit. '(in) one going'. |
ведро | vedro | bucket | noun ● o-stem | |
везир | vezir | vizier | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo's pl. form is vezire. |
везирев | vezirev | of a vizier | noun ● hard stem | Both vezirov and vezirev appear in dictionaries. Punčo prefers the latter variant. |
век | vek | age, world | noun ● monosyllabic | CS věk. Handled as an o-stem by Punčo in the fixed phrase vo veki vekov 'forever'. |
велегласно | veleglasno | with a great voice | adverb ● | CS |
веледушен | veledušen | magnanimous | adjective ● hard stem | |
Велзевул | Velzevul | Beelzebub | noun ● | An attribute of the Devil - 'Lord of the Flies' (2 Kings 1:2); used for Hades by Punčo. |
велий | velii | great | adjective ● soft stem | CS |
велик | velik | great | adjective ● hard stem | |
велико | veliko | greatly | adverb ● | |
великомъченик | velikomъčenik | great martyr | noun ● o-stem | Demina et al. 2012:75 |
велити | veliti | tell, command | verb ● i-verb | CS |
величая | veličaja | proclaim great | verb ● e-verb | |
величьствие | veličьstvie | majesty | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
велможа | velmoža | magnate | noun ● jā-stem | CS velьmǫžь |
вельми | velьmi | much | adverb ● | CS |
велѣние | velěnie | command | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
велѣти | velěti | command | verb ● i-verb | CS (or SC) |
венец | venec | wreath | noun ● jo-stem | |
Вениамин | Veniamin | Benjamin | noun ● o-stem | |
Веноуша | Venuša | Venus | noun ● jā-stem | |
венчавам | venčavam | to wed | verb ● a-verb | |
венчая | venčaja | to wed | verb ● i-verb | |
вепър | vepъr | boar | noun ● o-stem | |
верен | věren | loyal, faithful | adjective ● hard stem | |
Версавей | Versavei | Beersheba | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo's spelling of CS Virsavija, perhaps based on its dative form (mentioned e.g. in 2 Kings 3:10). |
вертеп | vertep | shack, (bad) inn | noun ● o-stem | |
весел | vesel | happy | adjective ● hard stem | |
веселба | veselba | happiness, party | noun ● ā-stem | |
веселие | veselie | happiness | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
весело | veselo | happily | adverb ● | |
веселя | veselja | rejoice | verb ● i-verb | |
вест | vest | news | noun ● i-stem | |
ветх | vetx | ancient, old | adjective ● hard stem | CS vetъxъ. Used specifically for vetxi zakon 'Old Testament'. |
вехт | vext | rag | noun ● i-stem | Unclear. BAN I 139: vext 'star, iznosen' (adj.) |
вече | veče | already, anymore, more | adverb ● | |
вечен | večen | eternal | adjective ● hard stem | |
вечер | večer | evening | noun ● o-stem | |
вечера | večera | dinner | noun ● ā-stem | A jā-stem (sg.gen ot v-čerę, dat/loc po večeri) in the Legend of Troy. |
вечерен | večeren | evening | adjective ● hard stem | |
вечерня | večernja | evening liturgy | noun ● jā-stem | |
вечерям | večerjam | have a dinner | verb ● a-verb | |
вещ | vešt | thing | noun ● i-stem | |
вещ (2) | vešt (2) | knowleadgeable, educated | adjective ● soft stem | |
веществен | veštestven | material | adjective ● | CS |
вещица | veštica | sorceress | noun ● jā-stem | |
вещя | veštja | tell | verb ● i-verb | Carski: 3sg.aor/prs veci. Likely related to BG vešt 'knowing', veštaja 'to divine', veštica, as well as CS věštati 'phthegesthai, loqui'. |
вея | veja | wave | verb ● e-verb | |
взема | vzema | take | verb ● e-verb | CS vъzęti, 1sg.prs vъzьmǫ, 2sg vъzьmeši. CIAI 1161 has 1sg.prs vъzmu, a regular reflex by Havlík's Law. Punčo prefers 1sg zememь - with root vowel of aorist stem (as in modern BG) and the ending taken from athematic paradigm. |
взимам | vzimam | take | verb ● a-verb | |
взирам | vziram | stare | verb ● a-verb | |
взра | vzra | look | verb ● e-verb | From *vъz-zra (CS vъzrǫ). |
видвам | vidvam | see | verb ● a-verb | |
видение | videnie | vision | noun ● jo-stem | |
Видин | Vidin | Vidin | noun ● o-stem | |
видински | vidinski | of Vidin | adjective ● hard stem | |
видя | vidja | see | verb ● i-verb | BG vidja 'see' is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses), similarly as CS viděti. |
вие | vie | you (pl.) | pronoun ● | Annotation of oblique forms: vas Pp2-pg, vam Pp2-pd, vi Pp2-pa In CS text regularily distinguishing /y/ and /i/, a lemma vy can be used instead. |
викам | vikam | call, shout | verb ● a-verb | |
викна | vikna | call, shout | verb ● e-verb | |
викот | vikot | shouting | noun ● o-stem | |
Вил | Vil | Bel | noun ● o-stem | A god of Babylonians in Book of Daniel. |
вила | vila | pitchfork | noun ● ā-stem | |
вилает | vilaet | province | noun ● o-stem | Tr. vilayet < ar. wilāya, root walaya 'govern' |
вина | vina | cause, guilt | noun ● ā-stem | |
винар | vinar | wine maker | noun ● jo-stem | |
вино | vino | wine | noun ● o-stem | |
винопийца | vinopiica | wine-drinker | noun ● jā-stem | |
виночерпател | vinočerpatel | cupbearer | noun ● jo-stem | Miklosich: vinočrъpatelь 'pincerna' |
висина | visina | height | noun ● ā-stem | |
висок | visok | high | adjective ● hard stem | |
високо | visoko | high | adverb ● | |
високоумен | visokoumen | haughty | adjective ● hard stem | |
високоумие | visokoumie | arrogance | noun ● jo-stem | |
висота | visota | height | noun ● ā-stem | |
вися | visja | hang | verb ● i-verb | |
витез | vitęz | hero, knight | noun ● jo-stem | OCS vitęzь (likely from *vitęźь), but current BG has vitjaz due to East Slavic influence. Legend of Troy has vitezь, which could be intepreted as a SC reflex or influence of HU vitéz. |
витезьство | vitęzьstvo | knighthood | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
Витил | Vitil | Bethel | noun ● o-stem | CS Veѳilь |
Витлеем | Vitleem | Bethlehem | noun ● o-stem | |
Витоша | Vitoša | Vitosha | noun ● jā-stem | |
вихър | vixъr | stormwind | noun ● o-stem | |
више | više | over | adverb ● | CS vyše |
вишен | višen | highest | adjective ● hard stem | |
вия | vija | weave | verb ● e-verb | |
вкупе | vkupe | together | adverb ● | CS |
вкусвам | vkusvam | taste | verb ● a-verb | |
вкуся | vkusja | taste | verb ● i-verb | |
влага | vlaga | moisture | noun ● ā-stem | |
влагалище | vlagalište | bag | noun ● jo-stem | RBE: link |
влагам | vlagam | put in | verb ● a-verb | |
владика | vladika | lord, bishop | noun ● ā-stem | CS vladyka. Punčo commonly uses the o-stem plural form vld-ci. |
владикин | vladikin | of a lord or bishop | adjective ● hard stem | |
Владимир | Vladimir | Vladimir | noun ● o-stem | |
владичен | vladičen | lordly | adjective ● hard stem | |
владичица | vladičica | lady | noun ● jā-stem | CS vladyčica |
владѣти | vladěti | rule | verb ● e-verb | CS |
влакно | vlakno | piece of hair | noun ● o-stem | |
влас | vlas | hair | noun ● o-stem | CS |
власи | vlasi | Wallachians | noun ● o-stem | |
власт | vlast | power | noun ● i-stem | |
властвам | vlastvam | rule | verb ● a-verb | |
властелин | vlastelin | magnate | noun ● ethno-stem | CS |
властител | vlastitel | power holder | noun ● jo-stem | |
Влахерна | Vlaxerna | Blachernae | noun ● ā-stem | A part of Constantinople with (once) a famous church and (ruins of) palace, today called Ayvansaray. |
Влахия | Vlaxija | Wallachia | noun ● jā-stem | |
влача | vlača | pull | verb ● i-verb | |
влашки | vlaški | Wallachian | adjective ● hard stem | |
вложа | vloža | put in | verb ● i-verb | |
влъхвъ | vlъxvъ | magician | noun ● o-stem | CS |
влъшьвение | vlъšьvenie | magic | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
вляза | vlěza | enter | verb ● e-verb | |
влязна | vlězna | enter | verb ● e-verb | |
вместо | vmesto | instead | preposition ● | |
вмириша | vmiriša | begin to stink | verb ● e-verb | |
внеса | vnesa | bring in | verb ● e-verb | |
внук | vnuk | grandson | noun ● o-stem | |
вода | voda | water | noun ● ā-stem | |
воден | voden | of water | adjective ● hard stem | |
воденица | vodenica | watermill | noun ● jā-stem | |
водица | vodica | water | noun ● jā-stem | |
водя | vodja | lead, have | verb ● i-verb | |
возя | vozja | convey | verb ● i-verb | |
воинство | voinstvo | army | noun ● o-stem | |
войвода | voivoda | duke, general | noun ● ā-stem | CS voevoda - considered an archaic variant by BAN (I 171) too. |
войн | voin | warrior | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo prefers voine as the pl. form. |
война | voina | war | noun ● ā-stem | |
войник | voinik | warrior | noun ● o-stem | |
войнически | voiničeski | of war | adjective ● hard stem | |
войска | voiska | army | noun ● ā-stem | Used as f.sg, although BAN (I 173) knows also a neut. form voisko from the area. |
вол | vol | ox | noun ● monosyllabic | |
волец | volec | small ox | noun ● jo-stem | |
волити | voliti | want | verb ● i-verb | Punčo uses the CS meaning. SC voliti and dialectal BG volja 'love' (BAN I 175) does not fit into context. |
воловски | volovski | of oxen | adjective ● hard stem | |
волски | volski | of oxen | adjective ● hard stem | |
воля | volja | will | noun ● jā-stem | |
Вонифонт | Vonifont | Boniface | noun ● hard stem | Punčo's rendering of CS Vonifatii (BG Bonifacii). |
воня | vonja | stink | verb ● i-verb | CS vonjati, 1sg.prs vonjajǫ, 2sg vonjaješi (an e-verb). |
востание | vostanie | anything on Earth | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo seems to use the word as in Eastern CS redactions. Miklosich has vъstanije 'resurrectio, insurrectio', while modern BG has only the second meaning (vъstanie 'bunt'). See vъstati for the verb. |
восточен | vostočen | eastern | adjective ● hard stem | |
восък | vosъk | wax | noun ● o-stem | |
вочка | vočka | fruit | noun ● ā-stem | BAN IV 769: vočka 'ovoštno drъvo' (Vidinsko) < CS ovoštie |
воювам | vojuvam | conquer | verb ● a-verb | |
впрегна | vpregna | harness | verb ● e-verb | Punčo: 3sg.prs/subj da upregne |
вра | vra | boil, cook | verb ● i-verb | Also used for adjectives like vrjal, f.sg vrela 'boiling'. |
враг | vrag | enemy, devil | noun ● o-stem | Attested in PPS as an o-stem due to CS influence (chapter 005), but BG vrag is monosyllabic. |
вражда | vražda | hate | noun ● jā-stem | |
вражии | vražii | of enemy | adjective ● soft stem | |
вражьн | vražьn | of enemy | adjective ● soft stem | CS |
вразумя | vrazumja | convince to be reasonable | verb ● i-verb | |
врана | vrana | crow | noun ● ā-stem | |
врата | vrata | door | noun ● o-stem | |
вратар | vratar | doorman | noun ● jo-stem | |
вратити | vratiti | return | verb ● i-verb | CS |
врач | vrač | doctor | noun ● monosyllabic | Punčo prefers pl. vračeve, but vračove appears too. |
врачевати | vračevati | heal | verb ● e-verb | CS |
врачевски | vračevski | of doctors | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
врачка | vračka | doctor (fem.) | noun ● ā-stem | |
вращам | vraštam | return | verb ● a-verb | CS vraštati, 1sg.prs vraštajǫ, 2sg vraštaeši (an e-verb). According to BAN (I 183), the word is used in the West (MK?), elsewhere replaced by vrъštam. |
време | vreme | time, weather | noun ● n-stem | CS vrěmę |
връз | vrъz | on | preposition ● | |
връх | vrъx | top, summit | noun ● monosyllabic | A u-stem in CS. |
връщам | vrъštam | return | verb ● a-verb | |
врѣщи | vrěšti | throw | verb ● e-verb | CS, 1sg.prs vrъgǫ, 2sg vrъžeši. |
все | vse | all | adjective ● pronominal mixed stem | The n.sg.nom form chosen, as the lemma is often used as a N ('everything') or R ('fully'); CS/BG variant of sve. |
всегда | vsegda | always | adverb ● | |
всегдашен | vsegdašen | everyday | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
вседържител | vsedъržitel | Pantocrator | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
всеки | vsěki | every | adjective ● pronominal hard stem | CS vьsěkъ |
вселена | vselena | universe | adjective ● hard stem | |
вселенски | vselenski | universal | adjective ● hard stem | |
вселя | vselja | settle | verb ● i-verb | |
всемилостив | vsemilostiv | most merciful | adjective ● hard stem | |
всенароден | vsenaroden | affecting all the nation | adjective ● hard stem | |
всенощен | vsenošten | all night long | adjective ● hard stem | |
всеосвещен | vseosvešten | most holy | adjective ● hard stem | |
всесилен | vsesilen | most powerful | adjective ● hard stem | |
всехвален | vsexvalen | most praiseworthy | adjective ● hard stem | |
всечестен | vsečesten | most respectable | adjective ● hard stem | Demina et al. 2012:103 |
всея | vseja | sow in | verb ● e-verb | |
всичко | vsičko | everything | noun ● o-stem | |
всичък | vsičъk | every | adjective ● hard stem | |
всюду | vsjudu | everywhere | adverb ● | CS vьsǫdu or -ě (SJS: link) |
всякак | vsěkak | anyway | pronoun ● | |
всякакво | vsěkakvo | anything | adjective ● hard stem | |
всякакъв | vsěkakъv | any | adjective ● hard stem | |
всякога | vsěkoga | anytime | pronoun ● | |
всѣчьскъ | vsěčьskъ | all kinds | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
втаксувам | vtaksuvam | promise | verb ● a-verb | BAN I 196: vtaksuvam 'obeštavam', < gr. taѯimo 'obeštanie' |
втори | vtori | second | adjective ● hard stem | |
Вукашин | Vukašin | Vukashin | noun ● o-stem | |
Вукич | Vukič | Vukich | noun ● jo-stem | A king of Bulgars mentioned by Paisius. Possibly Walluc (< *vlъkъ ?), a Slavic chieftain, who sheltered the remnants of Alcek's Bulgars after their massacre by Dagobert II. Pohl (2018:319) situates his realm in Slovenia and the whole story a generation earlier, to 630s, during the rule of the first Dagobert. The name appears thus in RU version of Orbini's chronicle. Nikolov (2014) considers it a corruption of the Bulgar ethnonym by a Latin translation of Theophanes the Confessor. |
вчера | včera | yesterday | adverb ● | See Olander 2015:168 for the debate on underlying morphology. |
вчерашен | včerašen | of yesterday | adjective ● hard stem | |
въведа | vъveda | lead in | verb ● e-verb | |
въвеза | vъveza | carry in with a vehicle | verb ● e-verb | CS |
въвидя | vъvidja | observe | verb ● i-verb | Unclear. |
въвлѣщи | vъvlěšti | drag in | verb ● e-verb | CS |
въводя | vъvodja | lead in | verb ● i-verb | |
въвръгнѫти | vъvrъgnǫti | throw inside | verb ● e-verb | CS |
въврѣщи | vъvrěšti | throw in | verb ● e-verb | CS, see vrěšti. |
въгле | vъgle | coal | noun ● jo-stem | Attested in PPS as uglie (< CS ǫglie or later ugьlije). Cf. BAN I 201 for lemma. |
въдати | vъdati | give, put, marry | verb ● irregular | CS; RBE: link |
въдица | vъdica | fish hook | noun ● jā-stem | |
въжделение | vъždelenie | desire | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
въжделѣти | vъždelěti | crave | verb ● e-verb | CS |
въже | vъže | rope | noun ● nt-stem | |
въз | vъz | over | preposition ● with acc | |
възбраня | vъzbranja | prevent | verb ● i-verb | |
възведа | vъzveda | lead up | verb ● e-verb | |
възвеселити | vъzveseliti | become happy | verb ● i-verb | CS |
възвестя | vъzvestja | announce | verb ● i-verb | CS vъzvěstiti, 1sg vъzvěštǫ |
възвиша | vъzviša | raise | verb ● i-verb | |
възвратити | vъzvraštati | return | verb ● a-verb | CS |
възвратити | vъzvratiti | return | verb ● i-verb | CS |
възврѣщи | vъzvrěšti | throw | verb ● e-verb | CS; 1sg.prs vъzvrъgnǫ, 2sg vъzvrъžeši |
възглаве | vъzglave | pillow | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo: uzglavie |
възгласявам | vъzglasjavam | call | verb ● a-verb | |
възгноусити | vъzgnusiti | become disgusted | verb ● i-verb | CS |
възгорѣти | vъzgorěti | catch flame, fire up | verb ● i-verb | CS |
въздам | vъzdam | duly give | verb ● a-verb | |
въздвигна | vъzdvigna | lift | verb ● e-verb | |
въздвижение | vъzdviženie | raising, exaltation | noun ● jo-stem | |
въздихание | vъzdixanie | moan | noun ● jo-stem | |
въздишане | vъzdišane | sigh | noun ● jo-stem | East-CS vocalism voz- is common in Punčo's Sbornik. |
въздремати | vъzdrěmati | fall asleep | verb ● e-verb | CS |
въздух | vъzdux | air | noun ● o-stem | |
въздържа | vъzdъrža | abstain | verb ● i-verb | Also written as vъzderža by Punčo. |
въздържам | vъzdъržam | abstain | verb ● a-verb | |
въздържание | vъzdъržanie | abstinence | noun ● jo-stem | |
въздъхвам | vъzdъxvam | gasp | verb ● a-verb | |
въздъхна | vъzdъxna | gasp | verb ● e-verb | |
въздыхати | vъzdyxati | moan | verb ● e-verb | CS |
възжелати | vъzželati | start to desire | verb ● e-verb | CS |
въззывати | vъzzyvati | call | verb ● e-verb | CS |
възиграя | vъzigrati | start to dance | verb ● e-verb | CS |
възискати | vъziskati | demand | verb ● e-verb | CS; 2sg.prs vъzišteši or vъziskaješi. Spelling vъzyskati also common. |
възити | vъziti | ascend | verb ● e-verb | CS. Common is also the spelling vъzyti (3sg.aor vъzyde in the Legend of Troy). |
възкресение | vъzkresenie | resurrection | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
възкреся | vъzkresja | resurrect | verb ● i-verb | CS vъskrъsnǫti or vъskrěsiti |
възлагам | vъzlagam | put on | verb ● a-verb | |
възложа | vъzloža | put on | verb ● a-verb | |
възлюбя | vъzljubja | love, be dear | verb ● i-verb | |
възляза | vъzlěza | ascend | verb ● e-verb | |
възможен | vъzmožen | possible | adjective ● hard stem | |
възмощи | vъzmošti | allow, make possible | verb ● e-verb | CS |
възмѣтати | vъzmětati | lift up, throw | verb ● e-verb | CS |
възненавидя | vъznenavidja | begin to hate | verb ● i-verb | |
възнеса | vъznesa | lift | verb ● e-verb | |
възнесение | vъznesenie | ascension | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
възнося | vъznosja | lift, brag about, elevate oneself | verb ● i-verb | |
възоупити | vъzupiti | shout | verb ● i-verb | Miklosich: vъzoupiti 'krazein, clamare', histdict.uni-sofia: vъzъpiti 'nadam silen glas, izvikam visoko' |
възпея | vъzpeja | sing | verb ● e-verb | |
възпитам | vъzpitam | educate | verb ● a-verb | |
възплескам | vъzpleskam | clap | verb ● a-verb | |
възприема | vъzpriema | accept, appropriate | verb ● e-verb | |
възрадвам | vъzradvam | rejoice | verb ● a-verb | |
възревновати | vъzrevnovati | zealously wish | verb ● e-verb | CS |
възседна | vъzsedna | mount | noun ● e-verb | |
възсилати | vъzsilati | send | verb ● e-verb | CS |
възстанѫти | vъzstanǫti | rise | verb ● e-verb | CS |
възхваля | vъzxvalja | praise | verb ● i-verb | |
възход | vъzxod | ascent | noun ● o-stem | |
вълк | vъlk | wolf | noun ● o-stem | |
вълна | vъlna | wool, wave | noun ● ā-stem | |
вълнение | vъlnenie | movement of waves | noun ● jo-stem | |
вълница | vъlnica | piece of wool | noun ● jā-stem | |
вълчец | vъlčec | thistle | noun ● jo-stem | Miklosich: vlьčьcь 'tribulus' |
вън | vъn | outside | adverb ● | Derksen (2008:531) mentions skt. vana-, Av. vanā- 'tree' as possible cognates, reconstructing sg. acc PIE *unH-o-m for the Slavic word. OCS also shows forms vъně (sg.loc) and vъnějǫdu (composite). |
вънимати | vъnimati | perceive, give attention | verb ● e-verb | CS |
вънити | vъniti | enter | verb ● e-verb | CS |
вънка | vъnka | out | adverb ● | |
вънѫтрь | vъnǫtr | inside | adverb ● | The lemma is based on OCS (SJS vъnǫtrь 'in, inside'), but both prefixes and endings vary across sources. Punčo mostly prefers forms like vanutre or unutre, based on n.sg.loc. |
въоръжа | vъorъža | take arms | verb ● i-verb | |
въпаднути | vъpadnǫti | fall down (into sin) | verb ● e-verb | CS (lemma for both vъpasti and vъpadnǫti) |
въпрашати | vъprašati | ask | verb ● e-verb | CS |
въпросити | vъprositi | ask | verb ● i-verb | CS |
вървя | vъrvja | walk | verb ● i-verb | |
вържа | vъrža | bind | verb ● e-verb | |
въринѫти | vъrinǫti | intrude | verb ● e-verb | CS |
върл | vъrl | bitter, terrible | adjective ● hard stem | Carski: varli maki 'terrible torments'. |
върна | vъrna | return | verb ● e-verb | |
върху | vъrxu | on | preposition ● with acc | |
върша | vъrša | thresh | verb ● i-verb | |
въскочити | vъskočiti | jump | verb ● i-verb | CS |
въскѫıѫ | vъskǫjǫ | why | conjunction ● | CS: vъzъ + kǫjǫ (vinǫ?) 'for which (cause?)' |
въсплакати | vъzplakati | start crying | verb ● e-verb | CS |
въспомѧнѫти | vъspomęnǫti | remember | verb ● e-verb | CS |
въспѧть | vъspęt | backwards | adverb ● | CS |
въстати | vъstati | stand up, emerge | verb ● e-verb | CS, 1sg.prs vъstanǫ, 2sg vъstaneši. |
въстрѫбити | vъstrǫbiti | blow trumpet | verb ● i-verb | CS |
въсхотѣти | vъsxotěti | want | verb ● e-verb | CS |
въсхранити | vъsxraniti | raise, feed | verb ● i-verb | CS |
въсыпати | vъsypati | pour (sand, dust) | verb ● e-verb | CS |
въсѣднѫти | vъsědnǫti | mount | verb ● e-verb | CS |
вътре | vъtre | inside | adverb ● | |
вътрешен | vъtrešen | inside | adjective ● hard stem | |
вы | vy | you (pl.) | pronoun ● | CS. Annotation of oblique forms: vas Pp2-pg, vam Pp2-pd, vami Pp2-pi. |
вынѫ | vynǫ | always | adverb ● | CS |
высити | vysiti | elevate | verb ● i-verb | CS |
вышьн | vyšьn | higher | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
вьседоушьнѣ | vьsedušьně | with all soul | adverb ● | CS |
вьсепѣтъ | vьsepětъ | most praiseworthy | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
вьсечьстьнъ | vьsečьstьnъ | most honorable | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
вьсѫдѣ | vьsǫdě | everywhere | adverb ● | CS |
вяра | věra | faith, belief | noun ● ā-stem | Punčo seems to use it in the meaning 'nation' too, e.g. nadviva na svi+te veri '(Muscovy) is defeating all the faiths/nations'. |
вярвам | věrvam | believe | verb ● a-verb | |
вярно | věrno | faithfully | adverb ● | |
вятър | větъr | wind | noun ● o-stem | CS větrъ |
вѧзати | vęzati | bind | verb ● e-verb | CS, 1sg.prs vęžǫ, 2sg vęžeši. |
вѧще | vęšte | more | adverb ● | |
габилота | gabilota | javelin | noun ● ā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Miklosich: gabilota 'iaculum' < mhd. gabilot, it. giavelotto, cognate of EN javelin, all ultimately from a Gaulish loanword (wel. gaflach 'feathered spear' in OED, link) in late Latin. Ruseva (2011:81) describes it as a device for throwing Greek fire (Pypin's version: i nača strěljati Ektorъ strěloju so ognemъ). The weapon is also used by Polypoetes. In Jagić's version, he uses strělu Gabělovu to destroy towers of Troy ('s walls ?), three by each throw, while the missile returns to his hands afterwards. |
Гаведин | Gavedin | of Gabdelas | adjective ● hard stem | |
Гаведия | Gavedia | Gabdelas | noun ● new i-stem | CS Gaveddai. Aside Gabdelas, other possible spellings in English are Habeddai, Gobdahala etc. |
Гавриил | Gavriil | Gabriel | noun ● o-stem | |
Гад | Gad | Gad | noun ● o-stem | David's prophet (e.g. 2 Sam 24:18) |
гад | gad | vermin | noun ● monosyllabic | Punčo uses both gadove and gadi as pl.nom forms. |
гадина | gadina | evil one | noun ● ā-stem | |
гадя | gadja | scorn | verb ● i-verb | |
газя | gazja | stomp, drive over | verb ● i-verb | |
галатя | galatja | deprave | verb ● i-verb | Skok I 546: galatan 'nepristojan, koji psuje', denominal na -iti (Kosmet) 'govoriti nepristojne riječi', ar. > tur. ghalat "prostaštvo" iz oblasti društvenog života |
галилейски | galileiski | Galilean | adjective ● hard stem | |
Галилея | Galileja | Galilee | noun ● jā-stem | |
галилеянин | galilejanin | Galilean | noun ● | |
Ганадон | Ganadon | Ganadon | noun ● o-stem | Unclear, site of birth of St. Samon. |
ганадя | ganadja | curse | verb ● i-verb | BAN I 229: gana 'bjas', ganadja 'psuvam'. |
гарван | garvan | raven | noun ● o-stem | |
Гаргал | Gargal | Gabral | noun ● o-stem | A fellow martyr of Gabdelas, RBE: here for the suggested English spelling. |
гасим | gasim | extinguishable | adjective ● hard stem | Usually negated, a part of the fixed phrase ognь ne+gasimi 'inextinguishable fire (of Hell)', formally an old ptcp.prs.pass form of gasja. |
гася | gasja | extinguish | verb ● i-verb | |
где | gde | where | pronoun ● | Phonetic variant of kъde, common in CS. |
гдето | gdeto | where | pronoun ● | |
геенски | geenski | of Gehenna, hellish | adjective ● hard stem | |
гемиджия | gemidžija | sailor | noun ● new i-stem | |
гемия | gemija | ship (with sails) | noun ● jā-stem | BAN I 236: gemija 'korab s platna' < tr. gemi |
генерал | general | general | noun ● o-stem | |
Геон | Geon | Gihon | noun ● o-stem | A river flowing from Eden around Kush (Ethiopia or the land of Kassites in Mesopotamia; cf. Gen 2:13). Scanlon (2013, link) identifies it with Karun, a river flowing from Zagros Mountain in Iran. |
Георгев | Georgev | of George | adjective ● hard stem | |
Георги | Georgi | George | noun ● new i-stem | Usually written гер̫ги, with a ligature of р and ѡ. |
герарийски | gerariiski | of Gerar | adjective ● hard stem | |
Гесем | Gesem | Goshen | noun ● uninflected | Cf. Gen 47:6. |
Гилуда | Giluda | Giluda | noun ● ā-stem | The name of "Helen" of the Tale is neither attested elsewhere in Trojan War texts, nor in the Bible. The very spelling varies a lot. The form giluda is used especially in Odessa and Petersburg editions, as well as elsewhere, only Bucharest prefers egѵluda; in Adžar, along giluda also igulida (preferred in Veles ed.) and igilida are attested. The name likely stems from Gylou or Gillō, a personification of dangers for women giving birth (Kirpičnikov 1891:4), mentioned already by Sappho (Mazon 1942:27). Miklosich (1865:127) translates CS gilouda (from another source) as 'magae genus', similar tu Rus. golenduxa, an evil spirit causing fevers. According to Močuľskij (1893:376), the name is taken from a cycle of fever curses used by Bogomils. |
глава | glava | head | noun ● ā-stem | |
главен | glaven | main | adjective ● hard stem | |
главна | glavna | firebrand | noun ● ā-stem | |
глагол | glagol | word, verb | noun ● o-stem | |
глаголати | glagolati | speak | verb ● e-verb | CS |
глад | glad | hunger, famine | noun ● i-stem | |
гладен | gladen | hungered | adjective ● hard stem | |
гладник | gladnik | hungry one | noun ● o-stem | |
гладък | gladъk | smooth | adjective ● hard stem | |
глас | glas | voice, tone | noun ● monosyllabic | |
гласно | glasno | with a strong voice | adverb ● | |
гледам | gledam | watch | verb ● a-verb | CS ględati (e-verb) |
гледание | gledanie | sight | noun ● jo-stem | Or gledane (BG). |
глеч | gleč | glaze | noun ● i-stem | BAN I 248: gleč 'glazura na glinen săd' < skr. gleđa < dt. Glätte. Punčo uses the form gleџь (~ gledž) which was expected (because of verb gledžosam), but still considered unattested in the dictionary. |
глоумстьвовати | glumьstvovati | mock | verb ● e-verb | CS |
глуж | gluž | stud | noun ● jo-stem | |
глупав | glupav | foolish | adjective ● hard stem | |
глух | glux | deaf | adjective ● hard stem | |
глътна | glъtna | swallow | verb ● e-verb | |
глъч | glъč | scandal | noun ● jo-stem | |
глъчен | glъčen | noisy | adjective ● hard stem | |
глѫбина | glǫbina | depth | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
глѫбок | glǫbok | deep | adjective ● hard stem | CS; Miklosich has both glъbok and glǫbok, but only the variant with ǫ seems to be in OCS. |
гневен | gněven | angry | adjective ● hard stem | |
гнездо | gnezdo | nest | noun ● o-stem | |
гнил | gnil | rotten | adjective ● hard stem | Technically, could be analyzed as an l-participle of gnija. |
гния | gnija | rot | verb ● e-verb | |
гной | gnoi | pus | noun ● i-stem | |
гнус | gnus | disgust | noun ● o-stem | |
гнусен | gnusen | disgusting | adjective ● hard stem | |
гнусота | gnusota | disgusting things | noun ● ā-stem | |
гнуся | gnusja | be disgusted | verb ● i-verb | |
гняв | gněv | anger | noun ● o-stem | |
говедо | govedo | cattle | noun ● o-stem | |
говежд | govežd | beef, of cattle | adjective ● hard stem | |
говение | govenie | piety | noun ● jo-stem | |
говоря | govorja | talk, discuss | verb ● i-verb | |
год | god | year | noun ● | |
годе | gode | whatever | particle ● | |
годеж | godež | betrothal | noun ● i-stem | |
годеница | godenica | fiancee | noun ● jā-stem | |
година | godina | year | noun ● ā-stem | |
годя | godja | betrothe, prepare | verb ● i-verb | |
гозба | gozba | feast | noun ● ā-stem | |
гол | gol | naked | adjective ● hard stem | |
големина | golemina | size, pride | noun ● ā-stem | |
големкиня | golemkinja | elder wife of husband's brother | noun ● jā-stem | BAN I 262: golemkinja 'obrъštenie na po-mladata etъrva kъm po-starata' |
големя | golemja | be haughty | verb ● i-verb | BAN I 262: golemja se 'vъzgordjavam se' |
Голиат | Goliat | Goliath | noun ● o-stem | |
голота | golota | nakedness | noun ● ā-stem | |
голубица | golubica | dove | noun ● jā-stem | CS golǫbica |
голям | golěm | big | adjective ● hard stem | |
голямо | golěmo | greatly, strongly | adverb ● | |
Гомор | Gomor | Gomorrah | noun ● o-stem | |
гонение | gonenie | persecution, raids | noun ● jo-stem | |
гоня | gonja | chase | verb ● i-verb | |
гора | gora | forest | noun ● ā-stem | CS gora also 'mountain' |
горделив | gordeliv | haughty | adjective ● hard stem | |
горе | gore | upward | adverb ● | |
горен | goren | upper | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
горение | gorenie | burning | noun ● jo-stem | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
горест | gorest | heat | noun ● i-stem | |
горещ | gorešt | heated | adjective ● hard stem | |
горещава | goreštava | heat | noun ● ā-stem | |
горещина | goreština | heat | noun ● ā-stem | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
горко | gorko | bitterly | adverb ● | |
горча | gorča | make bitter | verb ● i-verb | |
горчило | gorčilo | bitter substance | noun ● o-stem | |
горък | gorъk | bitter | adjective ● hard stem | |
горя | gorě | woe | adverb ● | |
горя | gorja | burn | verb ● i-verb | |
Господ | Gospod | Lord | noun ● o-stem | Endings commonly used by Punčo (gda, gdu) are typical of o-stems. OCS Gospodь was originally an i-stem, what is still reflected on the vocative g-di (cf. Lunt 2001:75). Older sg.gen gospodně (often abbreviated gdně) indicate influence of n-stems like dьnь. These are handled as a sg.gen soft-stem possessive adjectives (lemma Gospoden). |
господар | gospodar | lord, ruler | noun ● jo-stem | Usually abbreviated gdrь (or gsdrь). The underlying root could also be ORu gosudarь (Vasmer I 448). |
господарица | gospodarica | ruling woman | noun ● jā-stem | RBE: link |
господарка | gospodarka | ruling woman | noun ● ā-stem | |
господарство | gospodarstvo | domain | noun ● o-stem | |
господарувам | gospodaruvam | rule | verb ● a-verb | |
Господен | Gospoden | Lord's | adjective ● soft stem | Often given as gdnь. Oblique forms like gdně/gdnju are ambiguous: could be seen as sg.gen of Gospod too. |
господин | gospodin | lord | noun ● jo-stem | |
господство | gospodstvo | lordship | noun ● o-stem | |
господствувам | gospodstvuvam | rule | verb ● a-verb | |
господьствие | gospodьstvie | dominion | noun ● jo-stem | CS. A term used mostly in plural for the angelic rank (gr. kyriotētes). |
госпожда | gospožda | lady | noun ● jā-stem | |
гост | gost | guest | noun ● i-stem | A masc i-stem in CS. Attested (so far) only as pl.nom goske, which resembles an i-stem (< *gostje). |
гостолюбен | gostoljuben | hospitable | adjective ● hard stem | |
гостя | gostja | treat as a guest | verb ● i-verb | |
готвя | gotvja | prepare, cook | verb ● i-verb | CS gotoviti |
готов | gotov | ready | adjective ● hard stem | |
гоубытель | gubytel | evil man | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
гощавам | goštavam | treat as a guest | verb ● a-verb | Punčo: 3sg.prs gošteva |
гощаване | goštavane | treating as a guest | noun ● o-stem | |
грабител | grabitel | robber | noun ● jo-stem | |
грабя | grabja | rob | verb ● i-verb | |
град | grad | city | noun ● monosyllabic | |
град | grad (2) | hail (storm) | noun ● monosyllabic | |
градеж | gradež | construction site | noun ● jo-stem | |
градина | gradina | garden | noun ● ā-stem | |
градище | gradište | town | noun ● jo-stem | |
градски | gradski | of a city | adjective ● hard stem | |
градя | gradja | fence | verb ● i-verb | |
гражданин | graždanin | citizen | noun ● ethno-stem | |
граматика | gramatika | grammar | noun ● ā-stem | |
граматник | gramatnik | grammarian | noun ● o-stem | |
греша | greša | err, commit sin | verb ● i-verb | |
грешен | grěšen | sinful, erring | adjective ● hard stem | |
грешник | grěšnik | sinner | noun ● o-stem | CS grěšьnikъ |
грея | greja | heat | verb ● e-verb | |
Григорий | Grigorii | Gregory | noun ● new i-stem | |
грижа | griža | worry | noun ● jā-stem | |
грижен | grižen | worrisome | adjective ● hard stem | |
грижене | grižene | worry | noun ● jo-stem | |
грижя | grižja | worry | verb ● i-verb | |
гроб | grob | grave | noun ● monosyllabic | |
гробища | grobišta | cemetery | noun ● jo-stem | |
грозде | grozde | grapes | noun ● o-stem | |
грозен | grozen | ugly, terrible | adjective ● hard stem | |
грозно | grozno | terribly | adverb ● | |
гром | grom | thunder | noun ● monosyllabic | |
грош | groš | groat | noun ● monosyllabic | |
гръд | grъd | breast | noun ● i-stem | |
грък | grъk | Greek | noun ● o-stem | |
гръм | grъm | thunder | noun ● monosyllabic | |
гръцки | grъcki | of Greeks | adjective ● hard stem | CS grъčьskъ |
грях | grěx | sin | noun ● monosyllabic | |
грѧсти | gręsti | walk | verb ● e-verb | CS |
гумно | gumno | threshing floor | noun ● o-stem | |
Гундалия | Gundalija | Gundaly | noun ● jā-stem | CS Gundaly (pl.nom) - an name of a city (or region) from the story of Theodore the Merchant (not mentioned in Greek version). Unclear which, likely somewhere between Calabria and Antioch (Candia?). |
Гурий | Gurii | Gurias | noun ● new i-stem | |
гурла | gurla | dried tear | noun ● ā-stem | BG gurel (cf. BAN I 295) |
Гусар | Gusar | Gusar, gooseherd | noun ● o-stem | The lemma reflects BG gъsar 'gooseherd' (CS gǫsь 'goose'), but it is used as a proper name both by Punčo and in Prolog. The name is likely a translation of gr. chēnarios, used as the name of the Gusar's antagonist in the story (Xinar). |
Гусаров | Gusarov | of Gusar | adjective ● hard stem | |
Гуялдо | Gujaldo | Gujaldo | noun ● o-stem | A name of the heretic in Limoges chastised by St. Anthony, mentioned by Carski. |
гълъб | gъlъb | pidgeon | noun ● i-stem | CS golǫbь |
гъмжа | gъmža | swarm | verb ● i-verb | |
гърбина | gъrbina | hump | noun ● ā-stem | |
гърло | gъrlo | throat | noun ● o-stem | |
гърне | gъrne | pot | noun ● nt-stem | |
гъртан | gъrtan | throat | noun ● o-stem | |
гъсеница | gъsenica | caterpillar | noun ● jā-stem | |
гюстердисовам | gjosterdisovam | show | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 3sg.prs/aor ghiosterdissova. Google: tr. göstermek 'show'. |
гяур | gjaur | heathen | noun ● o-stem | BAN I 309: gjaur 'nevernik', a dialectal tr. word going back to ar. kāfir. Carski once uses ghiaul for the heretic Bonvillo. The instance might also reflect ghiavol 'diavolo' (Mauricio, RBE: ghiaulski 'diabolicamente'). |
гѫсли | gǫsli | cithara | noun ● i-stem | Miklosich: gǫslь 'kithara, cithara'. A plural i-stem, unlike SC gusla. |
гѫсльникъ | gǫslьnikъ | citharist | noun ● o-stem | |
гѫсти | gǫsti | play music | verb ● e-verb | Legend of Troy: 3sg.impf gǫděše |
да | da | to | conjunction ● | |
давам | davam | give | verb ● a-verb | |
Давид | David | David | noun ● o-stem | |
Давидов | Davidov | of David | adjective ● hard stem | |
давийски | daviiski | of Dabis | adjective ● hard stem | Attested in CS version of Prolog as sg.acc na goru diaviiskuju. The place, where St. Theophanes of Ephesus fasted (EN). |
давно | davno | long ago | adverb ● | Also used as an optative particle (davno si otide 'may he goes away'). |
Дадия | Dadia | Dadas | noun ● new i-stem | St. Dadas, a Persian noble martyred under Shapur II along with his wife Casdoe. |
даже | daže | even | particle ● | |
дако | dako | although | particle ● | BAN I 314 - dako 'makar če' |
далек | dalek | far | adjective ● hard stem | |
далеко | daleko | far | adverb ● | |
далече | daleče | far | adverb ● | |
далечен | dalečen | far | adjective ● hard stem | |
дали | dali | whether | particle ● | |
Далматия | Dalmatija | Dalmatia | noun ● jā-stem | |
дам | dam | give | verb ● athematic | Punčo: 1sg.prs dademь, 3sg dade. If used as an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235) |
Дамян | Damian | Damian | noun ● o-stem | |
Дамянов | Damianov | of Damian | adjective ● hard stem | |
дан | dan | tax | noun ● i-stem | |
Даниил | Daniil | Daniel | noun ● o-stem | |
данник | dannik | taxpayer | noun ● o-stem | |
дано | dano | may | particle ● | |
данък | danъk | tax | noun ● o-stem | |
дар | dar | gift | noun ● monosyllabic | An u-stem in CS, monosyllabic in BG. Punčo uses pl. forms dari besides darove . The former, attested in modern standard too, may go back to the old u-stem pl.acc form (indicated in annotation). |
дарба | darba | gift, talent | noun ● ā-stem | |
Дардания | Dardania | Dardanus | noun ● jā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Mentioned as one of the names of the city of Troy, although the historical city was located more to the north (wiki). |
Дардануш | Dardanuš | Dardanus | noun ● jo-stem | |
Дарий | Darii | Darius | noun ● new i-stem | |
дарование | darovanie | gift | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
дарувам | daruvam | give a present | verb ● a-verb | Punčo handles receivers of the presents usually as direct objects, using dependent forms (accusatives) without prepositions. The present itself is sometimes marked with the preposition s 'with', e.g. da te daruvam sasъ mlogo dari 'may I give (to) you (lit. with or by) many presents'. The construction can be also seen in the Tale of Alexander the Elder. |
два | dva | two | numeral ● | |
дважди | dvaždi | twice | adverb ● | Archaic according to BAN dictionary, also in CS (dvaždy). |
двамина | dvamina | pair | noun ● ā-stem | |
двигнѫти | dvignǫti | move, lift | verb ● e-verb | CS |
двое | dvoe | two parts | adjective ● soft stem | CS |
двойца | dvoica | pair | noun ● jā-stem | |
двор | dvor | court, yard | noun ● monosyllabic | Punčo uses both plural forms - dvorove and dvori. |
дворба | dvorba | court service | noun ● ā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
дворище | dvorište | yard | noun ● jo-stem | |
де | de | where | particle ● | |
дебел | debel | fat | adjective ● hard stem | |
дебна | debna | seek | verb ● e-verb | |
дева | deva | maiden | noun ● ā-stem | CS děva |
девет | devet | nine | numeral ● i-stem | |
девица | devica | maiden | noun ● jā-stem | |
девицин | devicin | of a maiden | noun ● hard stem | |
девически | devičeski | of a maiden | adjective ● hard stem | |
девичество | devičestvo | maidenhood | noun ● o-stem | |
девичи | deviči | of a maiden | adjective ● hard stem | |
девойка | devoika | maiden | noun ● ā-stem | |
девство | devstvo | virginity | noun ● o-stem | |
декември | dekemvri | December | noun ● new i-stem | |
декна | dekna | quarrel | verb ● e-verb | BAN I 334: dekam, dekvam, dekna 'karam se, vikam', < de (2) 'meždumetie za podkarvane na dobiče', (3) 'častica za podkanvane' |
дело | delo | deed, work | noun ● o-stem | CS dělo |
деля | delja | part | verb ● i-verb | |
демонски | demonski | demonic | adjective ● hard stem | |
ден | den | day | noun ● o-stem | CS dьnь is irregulary inflected, with traces of i-, jo- and n-stem forms in the paradigm. Punčo uses pl. form dni. |
денница | dennica | morning star | noun ● jā-stem | |
денѫти | děnǫti | put down, be calm | verb ● e-verb | Miklosich: děnǫti sę 'se ponere' |
дера | dera | tear | verb ● e-verb | |
дерзая | derzaja | dare, proceed with confidence | verb ● e-verb | Miklosich: drъzati 'audere, confidere'. The word was re-borrowed from Russian or rus. CS, cf. rechnik.chitanka: derzaja 'smelo se stremja kъm nešto blagorodno'. |
десен | desen | right (side) | adjective ● hard stem | CS desьnъ |
десет | deset | ten | numeral ● i-stem | |
десети | deseti | tenth | adjective ● hard stem | |
десетилетен | desetileten | ten-year old | adjective ● hard stem | |
десница | desnica | right hand | noun ● jā-stem | |
дете | dete | child | noun ● nt-stem | |
детенце | detence | child | noun ● nt-stem | |
детински | detinski | of children | adjective ● hard stem | |
детище | detište | child | noun ● jo-stem | |
детко | detko | child | noun ● o-stem | |
дето | deto | which | pronoun ● | A common relative pronoun based on kъde-to 'where'. |
дечански | dečanski | of Dečani | adjective ● hard stem | |
деяние | dejanie | deeds | noun ● jo-stem | CS dějanie |
джалатин | džalatin | executioner | noun ● ethno-stem | Google: tr. cellat 'executioner' |
джамия | džamija | mosque | noun ● jā-stem | |
джевап | dževap | answer | noun ● o-stem | RBE: link, < tr. cevap. Punčo uses form džuvap. |
див | div | wonder | noun ● monosyllabic | |
див (2) | div (2) | wild | adjective ● hard stem | |
диван | divan | service, couch | noun ● o-stem | Attested in a phrase ta mu stojatь na divan 'and they stay ready to serve him' (PPS 038). |
дивен | diven | wonderful | adjective ● hard stem | |
дивя | divja | be amazed | verb ● i-verb | |
дигам | digam | raise | verb ● a-verb | |
дигна | digna | raise | verb ● e-verb | |
Диевошькоридия | Dievošьkoridia | Discordia | noun ● jā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Likely the Latin name of Eris. It does not appear in the editions of Jagić and Pypin. |
дим | dim | smoke | noun ● monosyllabic | CS dymъ (an o-stem). |
Димитрий | Dimitrii | Demetrius | noun ● new i-stem | Lemma based on Demina (et al. 2012:191). Commonly spelled Dimitria by Punčo, Dimitrie in Tixon.d.; in st. BG Dimitria is used alongside more common Dimitъr. |
димя | dimja | smoke | verb ● i-verb | |
Диоклитиан | Dioklitian | Diocletian | noun ● o-stem | The name is originally Greek (Dioklēs), and Punčo also uses a Greek-based form. St. BG seems to prefer Dioklecian today. |
Диоклитианов | Dioklitianov | of Diocletian | adjective ● hard stem | |
дип | dip | enough | adverb ● | Carski's word. BAN I 394: dip 'mnogo, dosta, tvъrde' < tr. dip 'dъno, osnova', srv. tr. dip diri 'sъvsem zdrav' |
диря | dirja | search | verb ● i-verb | |
дихание | dixanie | breath, animal | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
Дицев | Dicev | Diceus | noun ● o-stem | |
дишам | dišam | breathe | verb ● a-verb | |
длъжник | dlъžnik | debtor | noun ● o-stem | |
длъжнина | dlъžnina | debt | noun ● ā-stem | |
длъжно | dlъžno | length | noun ● o-stem | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
днес | dnes | today | adverb ● | |
днеска | dneska | today | adverb ● | |
днешен | dnešen | contemporary | adjective ● hard stem | CS dьnьšьnii (usually a long-form). On the basis of nyněšьnь 'contemporary' (see below) and domašьnь 'of the house', Lunt (2001:179) reconstructs the deadverbial suffix -šьnj-, which may have replaced the original form dьnьsьnii, which appears in older sources (SJS, link), built with the relational suffix -ьn-. |
до | do | until | preposition ● with gen | |
добив | dobiv | gain | noun ● o-stem | |
добитък | dobitъk | cattle | noun ● o-stem | |
добиче | dobiče | cattle | noun ● nt-stem | |
добия | dobija | gain | verb ● e-verb | |
добль | doblь | brave | adjective ● soft stem | CS |
доболея | doboleja | become ill | verb ● e-verb | |
добре | dobre | well | adverb ● | CS dobrě |
добрина | dobrina | good | noun ● ā-stem | |
Добрица | Dobrica | Dobritsa | noun ● ā-stem | |
добро | dobro | goodness, goods | noun ● o-stem | |
доброволен | dobrovolen | voluntary, pious | adjective ● hard stem | Modern BG sense likely based on RU. In Berl.d., it is likely a custom translation of CS blagogověin 'pious'. |
добродетел | dobrodetel | virtue | noun ● i-stem | CS dobrodětělь 'aretē, virtus' or 'euergesia, beneficium' should be distinguished from dobrodětelь 'euergetēs, beneficus'. The former meaning (and gender) is also attested in modern BG. |
доброличен | dobroličen | having a pretty face | adjective ● hard stem | |
добромиризлив | dobromirizliv | having a nice scent | adjective ● hard stem | RBE: link |
доброполучен | dobropolučen | fortunate | adjective ● hard stem | |
доброработен | dobroraboten | beneficial | adjective ● hard stem | Not in dictionaries, likely a custom translation of CS blagoděten. |
доброструвание | dobrostruvanie | good deeds | noun ● jo-stem | Not in dictionaries, likely a custom translation of CS blagotvorenie. |
доброта | dobrota | goodness, beauty | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
доброумен | dobroumen | soothing, clever | adjective ● hard stem | Miklosich: dobrooumьnъ 'thelxinous, animum demulcens' |
добър | dobъr | good | adjective ● hard stem | |
доведа | doveda | lead in | verb ● e-verb | |
довеза | doveza | bring in by a vehicle | verb ● e-verb | |
довлѣти | dovlěti | be able, suffice | verb ● e-verb | CS |
доволен | dovolen | satisfied | adjective ● hard stem | |
доволно | dovolno | well enough | adverb ● | |
довърша | dovъrša | finish | verb ● i-verb | |
довършавам | dovъršavam | finish | verb ● a-verb | |
догде | dogde | until | pronoun ● | |
договарам | dogovaram | give advice | verb ● a-verb | |
Договард | Dogovard | Dagobert | noun ● o-stem | Paisius' spelling of the name of two Frankish kings: Dagobert (ruling 629-634), who was also known for his wars against the Slavic chieftain Samo, and his grandson, ruling only Austrasia in 670s. Punčo writes drugogo varda (< *drugogo Dogovarda ?). |
договор | dogovor | agreement | noun ● o-stem | |
договорен | dogovoren | capable of advice, compromise | adjective ● hard stem | |
договоря | dogovorja | give advice | verb ● i-verb | |
доградя | dogradja | finish building | verb ● i-verb | |
додам | dodam | supply | verb ● irregular | |
додевам | dodevam | annoy | verb ● a-verb | Carski's word. Wiktionary: MK dodevam 'bother, annoy' |
додумувам | dodumuvam | conspire | verb ● a-verb | A reflexive verb used by Punčo. |
дожаля | dožalja | pity | verb ● i-verb | |
дойда | doida | come | verb ● e-verb | |
дойчик | doičik | milk-brother | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
докарам | dokaram | bring in by a vehicle | verb ● a-verb | |
докача | dokača | reach | verb ● i-verb | |
докле | dokle | until | pronoun ● | |
докога | dokoga | until when | pronoun ● | |
докоги | dokogi | until when | pronoun ● | Dialectal variant of dokoga (cf. BAN II 515). |
доколе | dokole | until when | pronoun ● | CS dokolě |
дол | dol | valley | noun ● monosyllabic | |
Долан | Dolan | Delyan | noun ● o-stem | |
доле | dole | down | adverb ● | |
долен | dolen | low, insiduous | adjective ● hard stem | |
долно | dolno | lowly, insiduously | adverb ● | |
долу | dolu | downward | adverb ● | |
дом | dom | house | noun ● monosyllabic | A u-stem in CS. The form (u) doma is tagged as sg.gen, likely showing a generalized o-stem ending. The nominal form in OCS was domu - but already besides adverbial doma (SJS: link). Olander (2015:173) mentions interpretations of the form as an irregular sg.loc, maybe an old allative (Fortson 2004:105) reinterpreted as static location? |
домакин | domakin | landlord | noun ● o-stem | |
домашен | domašen | of house | adjective ● hard stem | |
домилея | domileja | stir emotion | verb ● e-verb | |
Доминик | Dominik | Dominic | noun ● o-stem | Written Dominico by Carski. |
домислив | domisliv | clever | adjective ● hard stem | |
домисля | domislja | think out, imagine | verb ● i-verb | |
донеса | donesa | bring in | verb ● e-verb | |
доньдеже | donьdeže | until | pronoun ● | CS |
доплувам | dopluvam | swim, sail | verb ● a-verb | |
доплъзя | doplъzja | crawl in | verb ● i-verb | |
допратя | dopratja | send in | verb ● i-verb | |
допꙋстити | dopustiti | send | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
дорасна | dorasna | grow up | verb ● e-verb | |
дори | dori | even if | particle ● | |
досада | dosada | annoyance | noun ● ā-stem | |
досадя | dosadja | annoy | verb ● i-verb | |
досаждам | dosaždam | annoy | verb ● a-verb | |
досаждение | dosaždenie | annoyance | noun ● jo-stem | |
досвидея | dosvideja | like too much | verb ● i-verb | Unclear; makedonski.info: svidi 'like' |
досегна | dosegna | touch, reach | verb ● e-verb | |
досетлив | dosetliv | able to understand | adjective ● hard stem | |
досетя | dosetja | understand | verb ● i-verb | |
досещам | doseštam | understand | verb ● a-verb | |
дососам | dososam | be enough | verb ● a-verb | Demina et al. 926: sosam 'dostatъčen sъm, stigam' |
досрамя | dosramja | be ashamed | verb ● i-verb | |
досред | dosred | reaching the middle | preposition ● with gen | |
дост | dost | friend | noun ● monosyllabic | Carski's word. Mauricio: dost 'amico' (< tr.) |
доста | dosta | enough | adverb ● | |
достасам | dostasam | reach | verb ● a-verb | makedonski.info: dostasa 'overtake, reach, arrive, suffice' |
достигна | dostigna | reach | verb ● e-verb | |
достоен | dostoen | worthy | adjective ● hard stem | CS dostoinъ - the CS spelling is preferred by Punčo too. Verb dostojati has a different meaning, expressing obligation (Miklosich: 'dein, oportere'). |
достолепен | dostolepen | wonderful | adjective ● hard stem | CS dostolěpьnъ 'axioprēpes, decorus' |
достолепно | dostolepno | wonderfully | adverb ● | |
достопочетен | dostopočeten | worthy of respect | adjective ● hard stem | |
достофално | dostofalno | worthily of praise | adverb ● | Punčo's spelling of CS dostoxvalьno. |
достохвален | dostoxvalen | worthy of praise | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
достояние | dostojanie | worth, inheritance | noun ● jo-stem | |
достояти | dostojati | must | verb ● e-verb | CS; often in impersonal construction, e.g. dostoit nam 'we must'. |
дотрайва | dotraivam | suffice, end | verb ● a-verb | |
дотрая | dotraja | suffice | verb ● e-verb | |
дотърча | dotъrča | run in | verb ● i-verb | |
доумѣти | douměti | comprehend | verb ● e-verb | CS |
дохождам | doxoždam | come often | verb ● a-verb | |
Дохяр | Doxiar | Docheiarios | noun ● o-stem | Name of a monastery on Mt. Athos. |
дочакам | dočakam | wait | verb ● a-verb | |
дочуя | dočuja | receive news | verb ● e-verb | |
драг | drag | dear, expensive | adjective ● hard stem | |
Драгич | Dragič | Dragich | noun ● jo-stem | A king of Bulgars mentioned by Paisius. The name also appears in Orbini's chronicle. According to Nikolov (2014), Latin translator of Theophanes the Confessor misinterpreted GR drouggoi 'retainers' as a name (Droggo), which was then Slavicized by Orbini. The name reminds of Dragoş, founder of Moldavia, but this is hardly related. |
драго | drago | dearly | adverb ● | |
драм | dram | dram, dirham | noun ● o-stem | An Ottoman unit of weight, equal to 1/400 oka or 1/312 kg. |
драмски | dramski | of Drama | adjective ● hard stem | Drama, city in Greek part of Macedonia. |
Драч | Drač | Dyrrhachium | noun ● jo-stem | Modern-day Durrës in Albania. |
дремлив | dremliv | sleepy | adjective ● hard stem | |
дремя | dremja | doze | verb ● e-verb | CS drěmati. The jat is still to see in aor-stem forms like drjamax, drjamal. |
дреха | drexa | clothing, coat | noun ● ā-stem | BAN I 426: drexa '(gorno) obleklo' |
дробен | droben | little, in detail | adjective ● hard stem | |
друг | drug | other | adjective ● hard stem | According to SJS, the hard-stem adjectival declension is common in OCS sources too, save for Sav.k., where pronominal forms like drugomu appear. |
друг (2) | drug (2) | friend | noun ● o-stem | CS |
другак | drugak | otherwise | adverb ● | |
другар | drugar | comrade | noun ● jo-stem | |
другош | drugoš | another time | adverb ● | RBE: link |
другувам | druguvam | befriend | verb ● a-verb | |
дружина | družina | band, retinue | noun ● jā-stem | rechnik.chitanka: družina 'grupa xora, koito vremenno imat obšto zanimanie'. Cf. also Derksen 2008:122. |
дружка | družka | companion, friend | noun ● ā-stem | |
друм | drum | way | noun ● monosyllabic | rechnik.chitanka: drum 'pъt' |
дръвце | drъvce | piece of wood | noun ● nt-stem | |
дръзновение | drъznovenie | daring | noun ● jo-stem | |
дръпна | drъpna | pull | verb ● e-verb | |
дудов | dudov | of mulberry | adjective ● hard stem | |
Дудома | Dudoma | Dudoma | noun ● ā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Unclear location, Pypin has do doma instead. |
дука | duka | duke | noun ● ā-stem | Carski: Duca |
дума | duma | word | noun ● ā-stem | |
думам | dumam | speak | verb ● a-verb | An e-verb in CS (Miklosich: 2sg.prs dumaješi). |
Дунав | Dunav | Danube | noun ● o-stem | |
дупка | dupka | hole | noun ● ā-stem | |
дух | dux | spirit | noun ● monosyllabic | |
духарски | duxarski | of Docheiarios | adjective ● hard stem | |
духна | duxna | blow | verb ● e-verb | |
духоборец | duxoborec | enemy of the spirit | noun ● jo-stem | Miklosich: duxoborьcь 'pneumatomakhos, spiritui repugnans'. This pejorative term denotes specifically the followers of Macedonius, Arian bishop of Constantinople in 342 AD, who denied godhood of Holy Spirit. The teaching was declared a heresy - along with Arianism - by the First Council of Constantinople in 381. |
духовен | duxoven | spiritual | adjective ● hard stem | |
духовник | duxovnik | cleric | noun ● o-stem | |
душа | duša | soul | noun ● jā-stem | |
душевен | duševen | of soul | adjective ● hard stem | |
душегубен | dušeguben | soul-ruining | adjective ● hard stem | |
душманин | dušmanin | enemy | noun ● ethno-stem | Carski: duscmanin (but Mauricio: Duscman 'nemico'). Google: tr. düşman 'enemy' |
душмански | dušmanski | enemy | adjective ● hard stem | |
дъга | dъga | rainbow | noun ● ā-stem | |
дъжд | dъžd | rain | noun ● monosyllabic | |
дълбина | dъlbina | depth | noun ● ā-stem | |
дълбок | dъlbok | deep | adjective ● hard stem | |
дълбоко | dъlboko | deeply | adverb ● | |
дълго | dъlgo | for long | adverb ● | |
дългота | dъlgota | length | noun ● ā-stem | |
дължен | dъlžen | indebted, required | adjective ● hard stem | CS dlъžьnъ. When used as a modal verb in clauses like si dlъženъ da ju pretrъpišъ 'you have to suffer her', dlъžen is tagged as auxiliary and the 'be'-verb as copula. |
дължина | dъlžina | length | noun ● ā-stem | |
дълъг | dъlъg | long | adjective ● hard stem | CS dlьgъ - of course, dlъgъ is attested too (lemma in Miklosich has ъ in root too), but an ь is plausible due to Lith. ilgas 'long' (Derksen 2008:133). |
дъно | dъno | bottom | noun ● o-stem | |
дърво | dъrvo | wood, tree | noun ● nt-stem | CS drěvo (an s-stem) or plurale tantum drъva |
държа | dъrža | hold | verb ● i-verb | |
държава | dъržava | domain, state | noun ● ā-stem | CS drъžava |
държавен | dъržaven | of the state | adjective ● hard stem | |
дързост | dъrzost | daring | noun ● i-stem | |
дърпам | dъrpam | pull | verb ● a-verb | |
дъска | dъska | board | noun ● ā-stem | |
дъщер | dъšter | daughter | noun ● i-stem | Originally sg.acc of CS dъšti (r-stem). |
дъщерин | dъšterin | of daughter | adjective ● hard stem | |
дъщерка | dъšterka | daughter | noun ● ā-stem | |
дъщеря | dъšterja | daughter | noun ● jā-stem | CS dъšti (r-stem) |
дюкян | djukjan | store | noun ● o-stem | An ancient wandering word. BAN I 468: djukjan 'magazin, prodavnica' < tr. dükkan < ar. dukkān. Wiktionary: < ak. takkanu 'dais, platform, bench' < sum. daggan 'chamber, doorway or its niche in wall' |
дюкянджия | djukjandžija | store owner | noun ● new i-stem | |
дюменджия | djumendžija | helmsman | noun ● new i-stem | BAN I 469: djumen 'kormilo', djumendžija 'kormčija', < tr. dümen < it. timon(e) |
дявол | diavol | devil | noun ● o-stem | |
дяволски | diavolski | devilish | adjective ● hard stem | |
дякон | djakon | deacon | noun ● o-stem | |
дял | děl | part | noun ● monosyllabic | |
дѣиствовати | děistvovati | act | verb ● e-verb | CS |
дѣлба | dělba | distribution | noun ● ā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
Дѣлон | Dělon | Dolon | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Written delo in Vat.slav.2 (possibly interpreted as a war machine, like in SK delo 'cannon' ?), but the Jagić's edition has Dělon' vaxtarь. |
дѣяти | dějati | do | verb ● e-verb | CS; 1sg dějǫ, 2sg děješi Also used for the negative imperative auxiliary (ne) dei. |
Ева | Eva | Eve | noun ● ā-stem | |
Евагрий | Evagrii | Evagrius | noun ● new i-stem | |
евангелие | evangelie | Gospel | noun ● jo-stem | |
евангелист | evangelist | Evangelist | noun ● o-stem | |
евангелски | evangelski | of Gospel | adjective ● hard stem | |
Евер | Ever | Eber | noun ● o-stem | |
евилатски | evilatski | of Havilah | adjective ● hard stem | The land around the river Pishon (Gen 2:11). It is usually located in today's Somalia or Saudi Arabia (wiki). |
Евин | Evin | Eve's | adjective ● hard stem | |
ево | evo | behold! | particle ● | |
еврейн | evrein | Jew, Hebrew | noun ● ethno-stem | Punčo uses both evree and evrei as pl.nom. |
еврейнов | evreinov | Jew's | adjective ● hard stem | |
еврейски | evreiski | of Jews, Hebrews | adjective ● hard stem | |
евреянка | evrejanka | Jewish woman | noun ● ā-stem | |
Европа | Evropa | Europe | noun ● ā-stem | |
Евсторгий | Evstorgii | Eustorgius | noun ● new i-stem | |
Евтимий | Evtimii | Euthymius | noun ● new i-stem | |
Евтропия | Evtropia | Eutropia | noun ● jā-stem | Another name of Hector's wife (besides Androfia) in the Legend of Troy. |
Евула | Evula | Eubula | noun ● ā-stem | |
Евфимия | Evfimija | Euphemia | noun ● jā-stem | |
Евфимиян | Evfimian | Euphemianus | noun ● hard stem | |
Евфимиянов | Evfimianov | of Euphemianus | adjective ● hard stem | |
Евфросин | Evfrosin | Euphrosynus | noun ● o-stem | |
Евфросинов | Evfrosinov | of Euphrosynus | adjective ● hard stem | |
егда | egda | when | pronoun ● | CS |
Египет | Egipet | Egypt | noun ● o-stem | |
египетски | egipetski | of Egypt | adjective ● hard stem | |
египтянин | egiptěnin | Egyptian | noun ● ethno-stem | |
егов | egov | his | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. An earlier variant of negov. |
егы | egy | when | pronoun ● | From the Legend of Troy. A variant of CS egda. Sometimes used as the interrogative counterpart of togy. |
еда | eda | if ever, whether | particle ● | CS (but also cf. BAN I 477). In the construction eda kako 'da ne bi, može bi' (EuthDict: link), appearing in the Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael, the particle is interpreted as an auxiliary. |
едвам | edvam | hardly | adverb ● | CS edva |
Едем | Edem | Eden | noun ● o-stem | |
Едес | Edes | Edessa | noun ● o-stem | BG Edesa - used both for the ancient city in Greek Macedonia, also called Voden, and the city in Turkish part of ancient Syria. Punčo handles it as an o-stem. |
еди | edi | some | pronoun ● | Used (by Carski) in a phrase idi od coi jabangia 'of one stranger' - technically, an inflected (or infixed?) form of edi-koi. |
един | edin | one | adjective ● hard stem | Actually a cardinal numeral (Ml), often used as an indefinite pronoun too. |
единоматерен | edinomateren | born by one mother | adjective ● hard stem | |
единороден | edinoroden | only born, related by blood | adjective ● hard stem | |
единосѫщьнъ | edinosǫštьnъ | consubstantial | adjective ● hard stem | CS; Miklosich: jedinosǫštьnъ 'homoousios, consubstantialis' |
еднак | ednak | once | adverb ● | The lemma may seem etymologically clear, but it is not found in dictionaries. Demina (et al. 2012:256) and BAN (I 479) mention only ednakvo. Miklosich mentions adjectives jedinakъ 'ho autos, idem', also spelled ednakь, but the word in Tixon. and Ljub.d. seems to be used as an adverb (here). On the same position, we find blagopolučno in the CS version (here), which does not help much. The editor of NBKM 1064 replaces it with jošti (here). |
еднакъв | ednakъv | of the same sort | adjective ● hard stem | |
едноименник | ednoimennik | bearer of the same name | noun ● o-stem | |
Едрене | Edrene | Adrianople | noun ● uninflected | |
Ежеона | Ežeona | Hesione | noun ● ā-stem | |
езав | ezav | sickly | adjective ● hard stem | Demina et al. 2012:257 - ezav 'nedъgav, kojto strada ot telesna slabost, nemošten' |
езер | ezer | chasm | noun ● o-stem | BAN I 482: ezer 'karstov planinski ponor' (Osogovo) |
езеро | ezero | lake | noun ● o-stem | |
език | ezik | language, tongue | noun ● o-stem | CS językъ also 'nation'. |
езичник | ezičnik | heathen | noun ● o-stem | |
ей | ei | yes | particle ● | CS |
Ектор | Ektor | Hector | noun ● o-stem | |
Екторов | Ektorov | of Hector | adjective ● hard stem | |
ела | ela | come! | verb ● irregular | Has only two imperative forms (2sg and 2pl), both borrowed from Greek (BAN I 488). |
ела (2) | ela (2) | fir | noun ● ā-stem | |
елей | elei | oil | noun ● jo-stem | |
елен | elen | deer | noun ● o-stem | |
Елена | Elena | Helen | noun ● ā-stem | |
Еленин | Elenin | of Helen | adjective ● hard stem | |
Еленуш | Elenuš | Helenus | noun ● jo-stem | Ruseva uses lemma Elinoušъ 'Xelen', which is etymologically plausible, but not attested in the Legend of Troy, preferring the spelling Elěnoušь. |
Елзавела | Elzavela | Jezebel | noun ● ā-stem | Punčo's spelling of the name. CS Jezavelь (4 Kings 16:31, Supr.), also reflected in BG Ezavel, is an i-stem. |
Елзавелин | Elzavelin | of Jezebel | adjective ● hard stem | |
ели | eli | whether | particle ● | |
елико | eliko | as much | pronoun ● | CS |
елинец | elinec | pagan, Greek | noun ● jo-stem | |
елинин | elinin | pagan, Greek | noun ● ethno-stem | Punčo uses sometimes sg.nom elinь too. |
елински | elinski | of pagans, Greeks | adjective ● hard stem | |
Елисавета | Elisaveta | Elisabeth | noun ● ā-stem | Mother of John the Baptist (Lk 1:13). |
Елисаветин | Elisavetin | of Elisabeth | adjective ● hard stem | |
Елисей | Elisei | Elisha | noun ● new i-stem | A jo-stem in CS. Punčo commonly uses the form eliseju for both direct (save for one instance with -ja) and indirect objects, and the vocative form is elisee. |
Емануил | Emanuil | Immanuel | noun ● o-stem | A prophetic name mentioned in Is 7:14, attributed to Jesus Christ in Mt 1:23. |
емер | emer | emer | noun ● o-stem | wiktionary: tr. emir 'command, order' |
еничар | eničar | janissary | noun ● o-stem | Paisus: pl. janičari |
Енос | Enos | Enos | noun ● o-stem | A biblical patriarch (3rd gen.) |
Еносов | Enosov | Enos' | adjective ● hard stem | |
Енох | Enox | Enoch | noun ● o-stem | A biblical patriarch (7th gen.) |
Енохов | Enoxov | Enoch's | adjective ● hard stem | |
епархия | eparxija | eparchy | noun ● jā-stem | |
Епиват | Epivat | Epibates | noun ● o-stem | Modern day Selimpaşa in the Silivri district in the suburbs of Istanbul (wiki). Greek name is actually a plural, which is also reflected in some Slavic texts. |
епиватски | epivatski | of Epibates | adjective ● hard stem | |
епископ | episkop | bishop | noun ● o-stem | Usually abbreviated (ep͒kpь). |
Епифаний | Epifanii | Epiphanius | noun ● new i-stem | |
ере | ere | that | conjunction ● | CS |
ерей | erei | priest | noun ● jo-stem | wiktionary: gr. hiereus 'priest' |
ерейство | ereistvo | priesthood | noun ● o-stem | |
ерес | eres | heresy | noun ● i-stem | |
еретик | eretik | heretic | noun ● o-stem | |
Ерихон | Erixon | Jericho | noun ● o-stem | CS Ierixonъ |
Ермеа | Ermea | Hermes | noun ● new i-stem | BG Xermes. Attested in Punčo in an oblique form erъmea. |
Ермипон | Ermipon | Hermippus | noun ● o-stem | |
Ермократ | Ermokrat | Hermocrates | noun ● o-stem | |
Ермолай | Ermolai | Hermolaus | noun ● new i-stem | |
естество | estestvo | nature | noun ● o-stem | |
ете | ete | behold! | particle ● demonstrative | |
Етенор | Etenor | Antenor | noun ● o-stem | |
етиопски | etiopski | of Ethiopia | adjective ● hard stem | |
ето | eto | behold! | particle ● | |
Ефес | Efes | Ephesus | noun ● o-stem | |
Ефрат | Efrat | Euphrates | noun ● | |
ехтене | extene | resonance | noun ● jo-stem | |
ечмен | ečmen | of barley | adjective ● hard stem | |
ешкеря | eškerja | apparently | adverb ● | Carski: esckere. BAN I 518: eš(i)kerja 'javno, otkrito' < tr. aşikâre |
еще | ešte | yet | adverb ● | CS variant of ošte. |
жаден | žаden | thirsty | adjective ● hard stem | |
жаден | žaden | thirsty | adjective ● hard stem | |
жал | žal | sorrow | noun ● i-stem | |
жалба | žalba | sorrow | noun ● ā-stem | |
жалвам | žalvam | complain, lament | verb ● a-verb | CS žalovati |
жален | žalen | sorrowful | adjective ● hard stem | |
жално | žalno | sadly | adverb ● | |
жалновит | žalnovit | miserable, poor | adjective ● hard stem | Carski: xialnovit. Mauricio: Xalnovit 'mesto, addolarata' |
жаловит | žalovit | sorrowful | adjective ● hard stem | RBE: link |
жалост | žalost | sorrow | noun ● i-stem | |
жалостен | žalosten | sad | adjective ● hard stem | |
жалостно | žalostno | sadly | adverb ● | |
жаля | žalja | be sad, care | verb ● i-verb | The second meaning comes in phrases like pošto ne žališь svoego života |
же | že | and, also | particle ● | CS |
Жевга | Ževga | Zeus | noun ● ā-stem | A theonym of unclear etymology (CS has Zeѵsъ or Zeusъ), appearing along Baal and Asclepius in Punčo's text. |
жега | žega | heat | noun ● ā-stem | |
жежък | žežъk | hot | adjective ● hard stem | |
желание | želanie | wish | noun ● jo-stem | |
желателен | želatelen | desirable | adjective ● hard stem | |
желая | želaja | desire, wish | verb ● e-verb | |
железен | želězen | iron | adjective ● hard stem | |
желязо | želězo | iron | noun ● o-stem | |
жена | žena | woman | noun ● ā-stem | |
женитба | ženitba | wedding | noun ● ā-stem | |
жених | ženix | bridegroom | noun ● o-stem | |
женихов | ženixov | of bridegroom | adjective ● hard stem | |
женски | ženski | female | adjective ● hard stem | |
женя | ženja | marry | verb ● i-verb | |
Жеробон | Žerobon | Eurymedon | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Ruseva (2011:86) - Žerobon 'Jerebona'. Veselovskij (1888:83) traces the passage to Ovid (Metamorphoses 13:171), who has Lesbon, i.e. the place of the fight, not the warrior. The same can be said about other characters of the passage: Tenes the Lancer (island of Tenedos) and Skadrion (River Skamander or Xanthos). |
жертва | žertva | sacrifice, victim | noun ● jā-stem | |
жетва | žetva | harvest | noun ● ā-stem | |
жетвар | žetvar | harvester | noun ● jo-stem | |
жехчина | žexčina | heat | noun ● ā-stem | Not found in available dictionaries. |
жещи | žešti | burn | verb ● e-verb | CS; Miklosich: žešti, 1sg.prs žegǫ, 2sg žežeši 'urere, accendere' |
жив | živ | alive | adjective ● hard stem | |
живеница | živenica | scrofula | noun ● jā-stem | |
живея | živeja | live | verb ● e-verb | |
живина | živina | creature | noun ● ā-stem | |
живити | živiti | feed | verb ● i-verb | CS? |
живот | život | life | noun ● o-stem | |
животворя | životvorja | give life | verb ● i-verb | RBE: link |
животен | životen | of life | adjective ● hard stem | |
животувам | životuvam | spend life | verb ● a-verb | |
живувам | živuvam | live together | verb ● a-verb | RBE: link |
жидовин | židovin | Jew | noun ● ethno-stem | |
жизнь | žiznь | life | noun ● i-stem | CS |
жила | žila | vein, sinew | noun ● ā-stem | |
жиндол | žindol | valley | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Ruseva: žindol 'dolina', Pypin: udolь. |
жительство | žitelьstvo | living | noun ● o-stem | CS |
жительствовати | žitelьstvovati | dwell | verb ● e-verb | CS |
житен | žiten | of grain | adjective ● hard stem | |
житие | žitie | life | noun ● jo-stem | CS; Both žitie and žiznь mean 'zōē, vita', the first could also denote 'biography' (or žizneopisanie). In simpler words here. |
житница | žitnica | barn | noun ● jā-stem | |
жито | žito | crops, grain | noun ● o-stem | |
жлъч | žlъč | bile, anger | noun ● i-stem | Miklosich: žlъčь 'xolē, bilis'. Punčo seems to use the CS sense, not BG žlъč 'hate'. |
жребе | žrebe | lot | noun ● nt-stem | |
жупан | župan | zhupan | noun ● jo-stem | |
жълт | žъlt | yellow | adjective ● hard stem | |
жълтица | žъltica | golden coin | noun ● jā-stem | |
жъна | žъna | harvest | verb ● e-verb | |
жѧло | žęlo | sting | noun ● o-stem | CS |
за | za | for, about | preposition ● with acc | |
забавя | zabavja | slow, lose time | verb ● i-verb | |
забавям | zabavjam | slow, lose time | verb ● a-verb | |
забитин | zabitin | officer | noun ● o-stem | BAN I 569: zabit(in) 'pazač, vardač; upravitel, < tr. zabit < ar. ḍābiṭ |
забия | zabija | hit | verb ● e-verb | |
заблѫдити | zablǫditi | go astray | verb ● i-verb | CS |
забравя | zabravja | forget | verb ● i-verb | |
забраня | zabranja | prevent | verb ● i-verb | |
забывати | zabyvati | forget | verb ● e-verb | CS |
заваря | zavarja | meet | verb ● i-verb | |
заведа | zaveda | lead, bring | verb ● e-verb | |
завеса | zavesa | curtain | noun ● ā-stem | |
завет | zavet | testament | noun ● o-stem | CS zavětъ |
завидвам | zavidvam | be envious | verb ● a-verb | |
завидлив | zavidliv | envious | adjective ● hard stem | |
завидник | zavidnik | envier | noun ● o-stem | |
завидя | zavidja | be envious | verb ● i-verb | |
завист | zavist | envy | noun ● i-stem | |
завистник | zavistnik | envious | noun ● o-stem | |
завлеча | zavleča | bring by pulling | verb ● e-verb | |
завържа | zavъrža | bind | verb ● e-verb | |
завъртя | zavъrtja | shake, roll | verb ● i-verb | |
Загорие | Zagorie | Zagore | noun ● jo-stem | The region on Upper Thracian Plain around Stara Zagora. |
заградя | zagradja | close, put a fence, build | verb ● i-verb | The meaning 'to build' is expressed in BG with sъgradja, but Punčo uses the prefix za-. |
загрижа | zagriža | care | verb ● i-verb | |
загубвам | zagubvam | lose | verb ● a-verb | |
загубя | zagubja | lose | verb ● i-verb | |
загърмя | zagъrmja | thunder | verb ● i-verb | |
зад | zad | behind | preposition ● with inst (locative) or acc (lative) | |
задимя | zadimja | become smoked | verb ● i-verb | |
задържа | zadъrža | hold, control | verb ● e-verb | |
заедно | zaedno | together | adverb ● | |
заем | zaem | loan | noun ● o-stem | |
заема | zaema | borrow | verb ● e-verb | |
зазидам | zazidam | build | verb ● a-verb | |
зайда | zaida | go away, set (sun) | verb ● e-verb | |
займодавец | zaimodavec | lender | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
заклинам | zaklinam | swear | verb ● a-verb | |
заключа | zaključa | lock | verb ● i-verb | |
закова | zakova | forge in | verb ● e-verb | |
заколение | zakolenie | slaughter | noun ● jo-stem | |
заколя | zakolja | slaughter | verb ● i-verb | |
закон | zakon | law | noun ● o-stem | |
законопрѣстѫпьникъ | zakonoprěstǫpьnik | law breaker | noun ● o-stem | CS |
закопая | zakopaja | dig in | verb ● e-verb | |
закопувам | zakopuvam | dig in | verb ● a-verb | |
закриля | zakrilja | protect | verb ● i-verb | |
закриляне | zakrilěne | protection | noun ● jo-stem | |
закрия | zakrija | cover | verb ● e-verb | |
закупувам | zakupuvam | buy | verb ● a-verb | |
закълна | zakъlna | swear | verb ● e-verb | |
закълнявам | zakъlnjavam | swear | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 1sg.prs zakalnevam ti se 'I swear to you' |
заламин | zalamin | tyrant | noun ● ethno-stem | Carski's word. Google: azer. zalım 'tyrant'. Nisanyan: tr. zalim < ar. ẓālim 'zulmeden, zorba' (ẓalama 'persecute'). |
залог | zalog | deposit | noun ● o-stem | |
заложа | založa | lay a bet | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. The attested phrase založi svoǫ glavǫ na sręštǫ may mean 'he laid his head at risk'. |
залудея | zaludeja | become mad | verb ● e-verb | |
залудо | zaludo | in vain | adverb ● | BAN I 595: zaludo 'naprazno, bez polza' < za + lud |
заман | zaman | time, constantly | noun ● uninflected | Used by Punčo as an adverb. Nisanyan: tr. zaman < ar./per. zamān < akk. simānu 'belirli bir gün ve zaman'. |
замартуриша | zamarturiša | testify | verb ● e-verb | Likely a Punčo's word, used as 3sg.prf zamarturiše, translating posluxa postavi. |
замахна | zamaxna | wave | verb ● e-verb | |
замая | zamaja | become dizzy | verb ● e-verb | |
замина | zamina | miss, pass around | verb ● e-verb | |
заминувам | zaminuvam | miss, pass around | verb ● a-verb | |
замириша | zamiriša | perceive by smell | verb ● e-verb | |
замисля | zamislja | think | verb ● i-verb | |
замръкна | zamrъkna | await evening | verb ● e-verb | |
занаят | zanajat | profession | noun ● o-stem | |
зане | zane | because | conjunction ● | za + n-je lit. 'for it(s sake)' |
занеса | zanesa | bring | verb ● e-verb | |
занося | zanosja | bring | verb ● i-verb | |
заоутра | zautra | in the morning | adverb ● | From the Legend of Troy. |
запад | zapad | West | noun ● o-stem | |
западен | zapaden | western | adjective ● hard stem | |
западна | zapadna | fall, stumble | verb ● e-verb | |
запаля | zapalja | ignite | verb ● i-verb | |
запечатя | zapečatja | seal | verb ● i-verb | |
запея | zapeja | sing | verb ● e-verb | |
запинател | zapinatel | maker of hindrances | noun ● jo-stem | Miklosich: zapinatelь 'empodistēs, qui impedimento est' |
запирам | zapiram | stop | verb ● a-verb | |
запиша | zapiša | write down | verb ● e-verb | |
запищя | zapištja | squeal | verb ● i-verb | |
заплата | zaplata | pay | noun ● ā-stem | |
заплача | zaplača | cry | verb ● e-verb | |
заплаша | zaplaša | scare | verb ● i-verb | |
заповед | zapověd | command | noun ● o-stem | |
заповядам | zapovědam | command | verb ● a-verb | |
заповядвам | zapovědvam | command | verb ● a-verb | |
започна | započna | begin | verb ● e-verb | |
запра | zapra | stop, incarcerate, forbid | verb ● e-verb | |
запратя | zapratja | send | verb ● i-verb | |
запретя | zapretja | forbid | verb ● i-verb | |
запустение | zapustenie | desolation | noun ● jo-stem | |
запустя | zapustja | fall into desolation | verb ● i-verb | |
запчия | zapčija | tax collector | noun ● new i-stem | BAN I 605: zaptie, zapčija 'turski stražar' (< tr. zaptiye < ar. ḍabṭīya); rum. ostar. zapcii 'sъbiram danъci' |
зарадвам | zaradvam | rejoice | verb ● a-verb | |
заради | zaradi | for | preposition ● | CS za+radi - the first element governs accusative, and the second, genitive |
заран | zaran | early morning | noun ● i-stem | |
зарина | zarina | dig in | verb ● e-verb | |
заръчам | zarъčam | command | verb ● a-verb | |
заря | zarja | shine, glare | noun ● jā-stem | |
заседна | zasedna | besiege | verb ● e-verb | |
заселя | zaselja | settle | verb ● i-verb | |
заскърцам | zaskъrcam | gnash | verb ● a-verb | |
заслепвам | zaslepvam | make blind | verb ● a-verb | |
заслепна | zaslepna | make blind | verb ● e-verb | |
засмея | zasměja | laugh | verb ● e-verb | |
заспивам | zaspivam | fall asleep | verb ● a-verb | |
заспя | zaspja | fall asleep | verb ● i-verb | |
засрамено | zasrameno | ashamed | adverb ● | |
засрамя | zasramja | be ashamed | verb ● i-verb | |
застава | zastava | flag | noun ● ā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
застарея | zastareja | become old | verb ● e-verb | |
заступление | zastuplenie | defence, protection | noun ● jo-stem | Miklosich: zastǫpljenije 'antilēpsis, opitulatio' |
застъпница | zastъpnica | guardian, advocate (fem.) | noun ● jā-stem | CS zastǫpьnica |
застъпя | zastъpja | protect | verb ● i-verb | |
затварям | zatvarjam | close | verb ● a-verb | |
затворец | zatvorec | prison | noun ● jo-stem | |
затворник | zatvornik | prisoner | noun ● o-stem | |
затворя | zatvorja | close, incarcerate | verb ● i-verb | |
затвърдя | zatvъrdja | harden | verb ● i-verb | |
затискам | zatiskam | push | verb ● a-verb | |
зато | zato | thus | conjunction ● | Can be analyzed za(radi) + to(va) lit. 'for that(´s sake)' - thus done, if the elements are separated in text. |
затова | zatova | thus | conjunction ● | |
затрия | zatrija | destroy, delete | verb ● e-verb | |
зафаля | zafalja | celebrate | verb ● i-verb | |
зафърля | zafъrlja | throw away | verb ● i-verb | |
захарин | Zaxarin | Zechariah's | adjective ● hard stem | |
Захаря | Zaxaria | Zechariah | noun ● new i-stem | |
заход | zaxod | sunset | noun ● o-stem | |
захраня | zaxranja | feed | verb ● i-verb | |
зачена | začena | conceive | verb ● e-verb | CS začęti |
зачувам | začuvam | save | verb ● a-verb | The meaning used by Punčo differs from BG začuvam 'čuvam otdaleč nešto tixo, nejasno'. |
зачудя | začudja | be amazed | verb ● i-verb | Reflexive - začudja se |
защитя | zaštitja | defend | verb ● i-verb | |
защо | zašto | for | conjunction ● | Used commonly with the relative meaning of zaštoto. Could be also analyzed as an interrogative pronoun. Sometimes, Paisius (and Punčo) uses it in the consequent meaning 'that' - like što or če. See čto for etymology. |
защото | zaštoto | because | conjunction ● | The second -to is, of course, younger. |
звезда | zvezda | star | noun ● ā-stem | CS źvězda |
звездочетец | zvezdočetec | astrologer | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
звокот | zvokot | clatter | noun ● o-stem | Punčo: gde e zlateni i srebreni zvokotь. Unclear, the word can be found with the given meaning in some Croatian varieties, e.g. in a poem by Vetranović (link, †1576). The use in MK (e.g. here) may be due to a borrowing. |
звяр | zvěr | beast | noun ● monosyllabic | CS zvěrь was an i-stem. Punčo uses three plural forms: besides zverove also zverie (a i-stem) and zveri (jo-stem). |
здание | zdanie | creation | noun ● jo-stem | Miklosich: zdanie 'plasma, opus figlinum' |
здрав | zdrav | healthy | adjective ● hard stem | |
здраве | zdrave | health | noun ● jo-stem | |
здравя | zdravja | greet | verb ● i-verb | |
здумам | zdumam | discuss, make a plan | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 3pl.aor/impf zdumaha se |
зелен | zelen | green | adjective ● hard stem | |
зелие | zelie | vegetables | noun ● jo-stem | |
зема | zema | take | verb ● e-verb | Etymologically based on BG vzema, used when the initial v- is omitted. It appears already in the 16th c. version of Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
землен | zemlen | of the Earth | adjective ● hard stem | |
землено | zemleno | like on the Earth | adverb ● | CS |
земля | zemlja | land, earth | noun ● jā-stem | CS variant of BG zemja. Used if the epenthetic /l/ is written (as preferred by Punčo). |
земски | zemski | of the Earth | adjective ● hard stem | CS zemlьskъ |
земя | zemja | land, earth | noun ● jā-stem | |
зере | zere | as, because, in no way | particle ● | Carski's word. Mauricio: Zer 'si'. BAN I 636: zer, zere 'kak ne, nima', zerja 'zaštoto, poneže' (Debъrsko), zerem 'kato če li' (Kukuš) < tr. zira < per. zira |
зет | zet | son in law | noun ● jo-stem | |
зидам | zidam | build | verb ● a-verb | CS zizdati |
зима | zima | winter | noun ● ā-stem | |
зимен | zimen | of winter | adjective ● hard stem | |
зина | zina | roar | verb ● e-verb | |
злак | zlak | plant | noun ● o-stem | Miklosich: zlakъ 'herba' |
злат | zlat | golden | adjective ● hard stem | |
златар | zlatar | goldsmith | noun ● jo-stem | |
златен | zlaten | golden, made of gold | adjective ● hard stem | |
златник | zlatnik | gold coin | noun ● o-stem | |
златница | zlatnica | gold coin | noun ● ā-stem | |
злато | zlato | gold | noun ● o-stem | |
златокрилен | zlatokrilen | golden-winged | adjective ● hard stem | |
златоузден | zlatouzden | golden-briddled | adjective ● hard stem | |
Златоуст | Zlatoust | Chrysostom | noun ● o-stem | John Chrysostom (ca. 347-407), one of the Doctors of the Church. wiki |
злачен | zlačen | grassy | adjective ● hard stem | Miklosich: zlačьnъ 'xloēs, graminis' |
зле | zle | badly | adverb ● | |
злина | zlina | evil | noun ● ā-stem | |
зло | zlo | evil | noun ● o-stem | |
злоба | zloba | anger | noun ● ā-stem | |
злобея | zlobeja | be angry | verb ● e-verb | CS zlobiti (an i-verb) |
злобиден | zlobiden | misfortunate | adjective ● hard stem | Unclear, possibly related to CS zlobytьstvo 'kakouxia, mala conditio'. |
злобидник | zlobidnik | misfortunate one | noun ● o-stem | |
злодеица | zlodeica | evil one (fem.) | noun ● jā-stem | |
злодей | zlodei | evil one | noun ● jo-stem | |
злодеяние | zlodejanie | evildoing | noun ● jo-stem | |
злодомовник | zlodomovnik | evil husband | noun ● o-stem | Unclear. CS domovьnikъ 'member of a household' (SJS: link), 'pater familias' (Miklosich). |
зломислен | zlomislen | having evil thoughts | adjective ● hard stem | |
зломисление | zlomislenie | evil thoughts | noun ● jo-stem | Unclear. |
зломислец | zlomislec | one with evil thoughts | noun ● jo-stem | CS; Miklosich: zlomyslьcь 'kakonous, malevolus' |
зломисълник | zlomisъlnik | one with evil thoughts | adjective ● o-stem | |
злонахождение | zlonaxoždenie | misfinding | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
злонравен | zlonraven | evil by character | adjective ● hard stem | |
злополучение | zlopolučenie | misfortune | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
злопомишление | zlopomišlenie | evil thoughts | noun ● jo-stem | |
злосмрадие | zlosmradie | bad stench | noun ● jo-stem | CS; different spellings in EuthDict (link) and Miklosich (link. |
злосмрадлив | zlosmradliv | badly stinking | adjective ● hard stem | |
злосмрадьнъ | zlosmradьnъ | badly stinking | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
злосръдити | zlosrъditi | be angry | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
злострадание | zlostradanie | suffering | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
злострадати | zlostradati | suffer badly | verb ● e-verb | CS |
злострувание | zlostruvanie | misdeeds | noun ● jo-stem | Not in dictionaries, likely a Berl.d.-editor's custom translation of CS zloba, reflecting also dobrostruvanie. |
злотеглене | zloteglene | misfortunes | noun ● jo-stem | |
злоумен | zloumen | wicked | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
злоумие | zloumie | wicked thinking | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
злочест | zločest | bad, misfortunate | adjective ● hard stem | |
злочестив | zločestiv | bad, misfortunate | adjective ● hard stem | |
злочестие | zločestie | misfortune | noun ● jo-stem | |
злочестник | zločestnik | evil, misfortunate one | noun ● o-stem | |
злочестница | zločestnica | misfortunate woman | noun ● jā-stem | |
змей | zmei | dragon | noun ● monosyllabic | |
змия | zmija | snake | noun ● jā-stem | |
знаменати | znamenati | put a sign, mean | verb ● e-verb | CS |
знамение | znamenie | sign, omen | noun ● jo-stem | |
знаменит | znamenit | significant | adjective ● hard stem | |
зная | znaja | know | verb ● e-verb | Punčo prefers the athematic 1sg.prs form znamь. |
знемога | znemoga | become incapable | verb ● e-verb | |
знои | znoi | heat | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
зноꙗнъ | znojan | burnt | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
зоб | zob | fodder | noun ● i-stem | Carski: zob, def. zop+ta |
зова | zova | call | verb ● e-verb | CS zvati, 1sg.prs zovǫ, 2sg zoveši |
зовна | zovna | call | verb ● e-verb | See BAN I 651. |
зора | zora | dawn | noun ● ā-stem | |
зорѣнъ | zorěn | splendid | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. Attested in sg.inst štitomъ zorěnyimъ. Miklosich analyses the form as zorьnъ. |
зра | zra | see | verb ● e-verb | |
зрак | zrak | sight | noun ● o-stem | |
зрение | zrenie | vision, seeing | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
зъб | zъb | tooth | noun ● o-stem | CS zǫbъ |
зъл | zъl | evil, angry | adjective ● hard stem | |
зърно | zъrno | grain | noun ● o-stem | |
зьдь | zьdь | wall | noun ● i-stem | CS |
зяло | zělo | very | adverb ● | CS źělo |
зяфет | zjafet | banquet | noun ● o-stem | Nisanyan: tr. ziyafet 'banquet' < ar. ḍiyāfa 'konuk ağırlama' ('hospitality') |
зѣльнъ | zělьnъ | strongly felt | adjective ● hard stem | CS; EuthDict link |
и | i | and | conjunction ● | Sometimes used to introduce conclusions by Punčo (e.g. i kogi otidoxa u rimъ i vlezoxu u polati crevi 'when they came to Rome, they entered the king's palace'). |
и (2) | i (2) | that | particle ● | A particle or pronouns often used by Carski. Likely a phonetic variant of e described in BAN I 473, going back to an old n.3sg.acc pronoun. |
ибо | ibo | because | conjunction ● | CS |
ибрик | ibrik | pitcher | noun ● o-stem | |
игла | igla | needle | noun ● ā-stem | |
иглен | iglen | of needle | adjective ● hard stem | |
игра | igra | game, dance | noun ● ā-stem | |
играя | igraja | dance, play | verb ● e-verb | |
игрьць | igrьcь | dancer, actor | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
игумен | igumen | abbot | noun ● o-stem | wiktionary: gr. hēgemōn 'leader' |
игуменя | igumenja | abbess | noun ● jā-stem | |
ида | ida | go | verb ● e-verb | CS iti, 1sg idǫ, 2sg ideši |
идеже | ideže | where | pronoun ● | CS |
идол | idol | idol | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo uses pl. idole (unlike st. BG idoli). |
идолопоклонство | idolopoklonstvo | idolatry | noun ● o-stem | |
идолски | idolski | of idols | adjective ● hard stem | |
иже | iže | who | pronoun ● | CS relative pronoun is built from the old stem denoting grammatical person (*jь) and the demonstrative suffix -že. Although it can be inflected for gender, number and case (e.g. sь estъ o nemže azъ rěxъ 'this is, of whom I said', Jn 1:30), the form iže can also be found as a marker of adnominal clauses without agreeing with its head. |
из | iz | from | preposition ● with gen | as a prefix, in CS /z/ is usually assimilated to voiceless consonants in the root onset; in Punčo's dialect, it is also often shortened to s- (e.g. skusen 'experienced') |
избавител | izbavitel | savior | noun ● | epithet of Christ |
избавление | izbavlenie | redemption | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
избавя | izbavja | free, let off | verb ● i-verb | |
избезумити | izbezumiti | become mad | verb ● i-verb | CS |
избера | izbera | choose | verb ● e-verb | |
избирам | izbiram | choose | verb ● a-verb | |
избирден | izbirden | suddenly | adverb ● | Carski's word. Google: tr. iz birden 'suddenly' |
избия | izbija | slaughter | verb ● e-verb | |
избода | izboda | pluck out | verb ● e-verb | |
изброя | izbroja | count | verb ● i-verb | |
избягна | izběgna | run away | verb ● e-verb | |
извадя | izvadja | bring out | verb ● i-verb | |
изведа | izveda | lead out | verb ● e-verb | |
известен | izvesten | famous | adjective ● hard stem | CS izvěstьnъ 'famous, known, certain' |
известно | izvestno | for sure | adverb ● | |
известя | izvestja | announce, make sure | verb ● i-verb | Miklosich: izvěstiti 'certiorem, securum reddere'. In modern BG, only the meaning 'announce' seems to be productive. |
извехна | izvexna | fade | verb ● e-verb | |
извирам | izviram | boil, spring | verb ● a-verb | |
извия | izvija | twist | verb ● e-verb | |
извлека | izvleka | drag out | verb ● e-verb | |
извод | izvod | source (of text) | noun ● o-stem | |
изволение | izvolenie | choice | noun ● jo-stem | |
изволя | izvolja | choose | verb ● i-verb | |
извор | izvor | source | noun ● o-stem | |
извърна | izvъrna | turn | verb ● e-verb | |
извѣстовати | izvěstovati | announce, make sure | verb ● e-verb | CS |
изгарам | izgaram | burn | verb ● a-verb | |
изгасна | izgasna | extinguish | verb ● e-verb | |
изгина | izgina | perish | verb ● e-verb | |
изгледам | izgledam | see all | verb ● a-verb | |
изгнание | izgnanie | expulsion | noun ● jo-stem | |
изгнета | izgneta | push out | verb ● e-verb | |
изгнивам | izgnivam | become rotten | verb ● a-verb | |
изгния | izgnija | become rotten | verb ● e-verb | |
изгноя | izgnoja | make full of pus | verb ● i-verb | |
изгоден | izgoden | appropriate | adjective ● hard stem | |
изгоня | izgonja | chase away | verb ● i-verb | |
изгоря | izgorja | burn | verb ● i-verb | |
изгубя | izgubja | lose | verb ● i-verb | |
издавя | izdavja | suffocate, drown | verb ● i-verb | |
издам | izdam | give away | verb ● irregular | RBE: dam |
издебна | izdebna | seek out | verb ● e-verb | |
издумам | izdumam | speak out | verb ● a-verb | |
издуя | izduja | swell | verb ● e-verb | |
издъхна | izdъxna | sigh out | verb ● e-verb | |
изида | izida | go out | verb ● e-verb | |
изин | izin | permission | noun ● o-stem | Carski's word. Google: tr. izin 'permission', Mauricio: Isin 'lizenzia, permesso'. |
изкажа | izkaža | tell | verb ● e-verb | |
изкарам | izkaram | expel | verb ● a-verb | |
изковам | izkovam | forge | verb ● e-verb | |
изколя | izkolja | slaughter | verb ● i-verb | |
изкопавам | izkopavam | dig out | verb ● a-verb | |
изкопая | izkopaja | dig out | verb ● e-verb | |
изкупя | izkupja | buy out | verb ● i-verb | |
изкусен | izkusen | experienced | adjective ● hard stem | |
изкушавам | izkušavam | seduce | verb ● a-verb | |
изкушение | izkušenie | experience, temptation | noun ● jo-stem | CS iskušenie |
излезувам | izlězuvam | go out | verb ● a-verb | Demina et al. 2012:344 - izlězuvam 'izlizam' |
излеко | izleko | easily, slowly | adverb ● | |
излекувам | izlekuvam | heal | verb ● a-verb | |
излетя | izletja | fly out | verb ● i-verb | |
излея | izleja | pour out | verb ● e-verb | |
изливам | izlivam | pour out | verb ● a-verb | |
излиха | izlixa | insufficiently | adverb ● | CS |
излишен | izlišen | gratituous | adjective ● hard stem | |
изломити | izlomiti | break | verb ● i-verb | CS |
излъжа | izlъža | deceive | verb ● e-verb | |
изляза | izlěza | go out | verb ● e-verb | CS izlaziti, BG izlizam |
излязна | izlězna | go out | verb ● e-verb | |
Измайл | Izmail | Ishmael | noun ● o-stem | Son of Hagar (Gen 16). |
Измайлев | Izmailev | of Ishmael | adjective ● hard stem | |
измамя | izmamja | deceive | verb ● i-verb | |
изметати | izmetati | throw out | verb ● e-verb | CS |
изметкерин | izmetkerin | servant | noun ● ethno-stem | Carski: hizmekiarin. BAN II 40: izmetьkerin 'sluga' < tr. hizmetkâr |
измеша | izmeša | mix | verb ● i-verb | |
измина | izmina | pass | verb ● e-verb | |
измирно | izmirno | myrrh | noun ● o-stem | |
измисля | izmislja | invent | verb ● i-verb | |
измоля | izmolja | pray out | verb ● i-verb | |
изморя | izmorja | murder | verb ● i-verb | |
измра | izmra | perish | verb ● e-verb | |
измътя | izmъtja | whisk | verb ● i-verb | RBE: link. |
измъча | izmъča | torture to death | verb ● i-verb | |
изнемога | iznemoga | become unable | verb ● e-verb | |
изнеса | iznesa | carry out | verb ● e-verb | |
износя | iznosja | carry out | verb ● i-verb | |
изнуря | iznurja | exhaust | verb ● i-verb | |
изнътр | iznǫtr | from inside | adverb ● | CS |
изобилен | izobilen | rich, lavish | adjective ● hard stem | |
изобразя | izobrazja | portray | verb ● i-verb | |
изобрещати | izobreštati | find | verb ● i-verb | CS |
изостря | izostrja | sharpen | verb ● i-verb | |
изпадна | izpadna | fall out | verb ● e-verb | |
изпедепсам | izpedepsam | properly raise | verb ● a-verb | RBE: pedepsvam, pedepsam 1. 'uča', 2. 'văzpitavam' |
изпит | izpit | trial | noun ● o-stem | |
изпитам | izpitam | try | verb ● a-verb | |
изпитание | izpitanie | trial | noun ● jo-stem | |
изпитвам | izpitvam | try | verb ● a-verb | |
изпития | izpitija | trial | noun ● jā-stem | |
изпиша | izpiša | draw | verb ● e-verb | CS? |
изпия | izpija | drink | verb ● e-verb | |
изплавя | izplavja | wash out | verb ● i-verb | |
изплъзвам | izplъzvam | crawl out | verb ● a-verb | |
изповедник | izpovědnik | confessor | noun ● o-stem | |
изповядам | izpovědam | confess | verb ● a-verb | |
изправя | izpravja | make straight | verb ● i-verb | |
изпратя | izpratja | send off | verb ● i-verb | |
изпращам | izpraštam | send off | verb ● a-verb | |
изпревивам | izprevivam | twist | verb ● a-verb | Likely Punčo's own secondary perfectivization of previvam. |
изпрося | izprosja | beg, ask | verb ● i-verb | |
изпускам | izpuskam | let loose | verb ● a-verb | |
изпустя | izpustja | let loose | verb ● i-verb | |
изпъдник | izpъdnik | expelled one | noun ● o-stem | Used as an epithet of Devil: ispudniče ot angel 'o you expelled from among the angels'. |
изпъдя | izpъdja | expel | verb ● i-verb | |
изпълня | izpъlnja | fill | verb ● i-verb | |
израилтянин | izrailtjanin | Israelite | noun ● ethno-stem | Root usually abbreviated (e.g. ilteni in Berl.d.). |
израстя | izrastja | grow | verb ● e-verb | |
изредя | izredja | put in order | verb ● i-verb | |
изрека | izreka | say | verb ● e-verb | |
изрина | izrina | push out | verb ● e-verb | |
изруча | izruča | roar | verb ● i-verb | |
изсека | izseka | mow down | verb ● e-verb | |
изсипя | izsipja | pour out | verb ● e-verb | |
изскубна | izskubna | pluck, tear | verb ● e-verb | |
изследвам | izsledvam | research | verb ● a-verb | |
изстина | izstina | become cold | verb ● e-verb | |
изстудя | izstudja | make cold | verb ● i-verb | |
изсуша | izsuša | dry | verb ● i-verb | |
изсъхна | izsъxna | dry | verb ● e-verb | |
изтезавам | iztezavam | torture, question | verb ● a-verb | Punčo uses the older meaning 'question', reflecting CS istęzovati, 1sg.prs istęzujǫ. |
изтека | izteka | pour out | verb ● e-verb | |
изтичам | iztičam | pour out | verb ● a-verb | |
изток | iztok | East | noun ● o-stem | |
източа | iztoča | pour out | verb ● i-verb | |
източвам | iztočvam | pour | verb ● a-verb | |
източен | iztočen | Eastern | adjective ● hard stem | |
източник | iztočnik | source | noun ● o-stem | |
изтравам | iztravam | consume | verb ● a-verb | Unclear, likely from CS traviti (link). |
изтрезвея | iztrezveja | become sober | verb ● e-verb | |
изуча | izuča | learn | verb ● i-verb | |
изфръля | izfrъlja | throw away | verb ● i-verb | BG izxvъrlja |
изход | izxod | exit | noun ● o-stem | |
изходя | izxodja | exit | verb ● i-verb | Punčo uses the word also for 'commit adultery' (translating CS ljuboděistvovati). |
изцеление | izcelenie | healing | noun ● jo-stem | CS iscělenie |
изцелител | izcelitel | healer | noun ● jo-stem | CS iscělitelь |
изцеля | izcelja | heal | verb ● i-verb | CS iscěljati |
изцелявам | izceljavam | heal | verb ● a-verb | |
изчезна | izčezna | vanish | verb ● e-verb | CS isčeznǫti |
изчезнувам | izčeznuvam | vanish | verb ● a-verb | |
изчета | izčeta | count | verb ● e-verb | |
изявя | izjavja | show a vision | verb ● i-verb | |
изяждам | izjaždam | eat out | verb ● a-verb | Punčo: 3pl.prs izidaju |
изям | izjam | eat out | verb ● irregular | 3sg.prs izjade |
изѧти | izęti | take | verb ● irregular | CS; 3sg.prs izimetъ |
изѧщен | izęšten | excellent | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
икона | ikona | icon | noun ● ā-stem | |
или | ili | or | conjunction ● | |
Илин | Ilin | of Elijah | adjective ● hard stem | |
Илион | Ilion | Ilion | noun ● o-stem | |
Илирик | Ilirik | Illyria | noun ● o-stem | |
Илия | Ilija | Elijah | noun ● ā-stem | Punčo uses a single dependent form (Iliju), but two vocatives - both Ilie (jā- or new i-stem) and Ilio (ā-stem). |
имам | imam | have | verb ● a-verb | Punčo uses various 3pl.prs forms - e.g. in chapter 062a, sentences following each other show imutь, imajutь and imatь. |
имане | imane | wealth | noun ● o-stem | |
име | ime | name | noun ● n-stem | |
имение | imenie | wealth | noun ● jo-stem | CS iměnie |
именит | imenit | of worthy name | adjective ● hard stem | |
именувам | imenuvam | call, give a name | verb ● a-verb | |
имотен | imoten | wealthy | adjective ● hard stem | |
ин | in | another, different | adjective ● pronominal hard stem | CS |
инат | inat | quarrel, enmity | noun ● uninflected | |
индикт | indikt | indiction | noun ● o-stem | CS inъdiktъ, the 15-year cycle used for Roman taxation and general time measurement. |
иногда | inogda | another time | adverb ● | CS |
иноеже | inoeže | another | pronoun ● | CS |
Инокентий | Inokentii | Innocent | noun ● new i-stem | |
Ипитер | Ipiter | Jupiter | noun ● o-stem | |
ираклийски | irakliiski | of Heraklion | adjective ● hard stem | |
Ирод | Irod | Herod | noun ● o-stem | |
Исаак | Isaak | Isaac | noun ● o-stem | Punčo usually writes the name with only one a. |
Исааков | Isaakov | Isaac's | adjective ● hard stem | |
Исав | Isav | Esau | noun ● o-stem | |
Исавов | Isavov | Esau's | adjective ● hard stem | |
Исая | Isaia | Isaiah | noun ● new i-stem | |
искам | iskam | want | verb ● a-verb | CS iskati also 'seek', an e-verb in CS (3sg.prs iskaetъ/ištetъ) |
искочити | iskočiti | jump out | verb ● i-verb | CS |
искра | iskra | spark | noun ● ā-stem | |
Искър | Iskъr | Iskar | noun ● o-stem | Latin Oescus, flows through Western Bulgaria from Rila Mountains to Danube. |
испасти | ispasti | fall out | verb ● e-verb | CS |
испровръгнѫти | isprovrъgnǫti | throw down, destroy | verb ● e-verb | CS |
испръва | isprъva | at first | adverb ● | CS |
иставати | istavati | be exposed | verb ● e-verb | CS |
истина | istina | truth | noun ● ā-stem | |
истинен | istinen | true | adjective ● hard stem | |
истинно | istinno | truly | adverb ● | |
истление | istlenie | decay | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
историца | istorica | chronicle | noun ● jā-stem | |
исторически | istoričeski | historical | adjective ● hard stem | |
история | istorija | history, chronicle | noun ● jā-stem | |
истребити | istrěbiti | purge | verb ● i-verb | CS |
Исукраст | Isukrast | Jesus Christ | noun ● o-stem | Carski: Issukras, dep. form Issukrasta. Likely showing Bosnian phonetics, also found in the Abagar |
Исукрастов | Isukrastov | of Jesus Christ | adjective ● hard stem | |
Исус | Isus | Jesus | noun ● o-stem | |
Исусов | Isusov | Jesus' | adjective ● hard stem | |
исходище | isxodište | base | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
йерей | ierei | priest | noun ● jo-stem | < gr. hiereus |
Йермон | Iermon | Eurymenes | noun ● o-stem | |
Йерусалим | Ierusalim | Jerusalem | noun ● | |
Йерусалимов | Ierusalimov | of Jerusalem | adjective ● hard stem | |
Йерусалимски | ierusalimski | of Jerusalem | adjective ● hard stem | |
Йехония | Jexonija | Jeconiah | noun ● new i-stem | King of Judaea, dethroned and captured by Nabuchadnezzar II (2 Kings 24:17). CS Iexonïa. |
Йоав | Ioav | Joab | noun ● o-stem | David's commander (e.g. 2 Sam 8:16) |
Йоан | Ioan | John | noun ● o-stem | |
Йоаникий | Ioanikii | Joannicius | noun ● new i-stem | |
Йоанов | Ioanov | John's | adjective ● hard stem | |
Йов | Iov | Job | noun ● o-stem | |
Йовин | Iovin | Job's | adjective ● hard stem | |
Йоилов | Ioilov | Joel's | adjective ● hard stem | |
Йордан | Iordan | Jordan | noun ● o-stem | |
Йосиф | Iosif | Joseph | noun ● o-stem | |
к | k | to | preposition ● with dat | CS |
каакийскы | kaakiiski | Achaean | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. Ruseva: kaakiiskyi 'axejska' . Pypin has kajakimskii. |
кабахат | kabaxat | sin, misdeed | noun ● uninflected | BAN II 116: kaba(x)at 'vina' < tr. kabahat < ar. qabāḥat |
кабахатли | kabaxatli | peccant | noun ● new i-stem | Carski: kabahatlia. |
кабил | kabil | possibly | adverb ● | Carski's word. BAN II 117: kabil 'vъzmožno' < tr. kabil < ar. qābil 'kojto priema, kojto se sъglasjava' |
кабул | kabul | deal | noun ● o-stem | Carski's word. BAN II 118: kabul 'priemane, sъglasie' < tr. kabul < ar. qabūl |
кавга | kavga | quarrel | noun ● ā-stem | |
кавгаджия | kavgadžija | a quarrelsome one | noun ● new i-stem | |
кадилник | kadilnik | censer | noun ● o-stem | |
кадило | kadilo | censer | noun ● o-stem | |
кадия | kadija | qadi, judge | noun ● new i-stem | |
кадър | kadъr | capable | adjective ● uninflected | BAN II 134: kadъ̀r 'goden, svoboden' < tr. kadır 'mogăšt, vsesilen' < ar. qādir |
кажа | kaža | tell | verb ● e-verb | |
казвам | kazvam | tell | verb ● a-verb | |
Казда | Kazda | Casdoe | noun ● ā-stem | Sister of St. Gabdelas, also spelled Kazdoa. Punčo uses both Kazdo and Kazda as a nominative form. |
Каздин | Kazdin | of Casdoe | adjective ● hard stem | |
Каин | Kain | Cain | noun ● o-stem | |
Каинан | Kainan | Kenan | noun ● o-stem | A biblical patriarch (4th gen.) |
Каинанов | Kainanov | Kenan's | adjective ● hard stem | |
каири | kairi | moment | noun ● uninflected | Carski's word. Likely related to gr. kairē 'time' and/or tr. acc.def kereyi 'time'. |
как | kak | how | pronoun ● | CS kakъ is used mostly adnominally with the meaning 'what kind of' (as BG kakъv; RBE: histdict). Modern (and also "simple") BG kak is used as CS kako. |
какво | kakvo | what | pronoun ● | Handled as A, if used adnominally. |
каквото | kakvoto | what | pronoun ● | |
како | kako | how | pronoun ● | CS (also preferred by Punčo) |
както | kakto | how | pronoun ● | |
какъв | kakъv | what kind of | pronoun ● | Handled as A, if used adnominally. |
какъвто | kakъvto | which | pronoun ● | |
кал | kal | mud | noun ● i-stem | |
Калаврия | Kalavrija | Calabria | noun ● jā-stem | |
кален | kalen | muddy, stained | adjective ● hard stem | |
Каликратия | Kalikratija | Kallikrateia | noun ● jā-stem | Modern day Mimarsinan in the district Büyükçemece in the suburbs of Istanbul (wiki). |
Калиман | Kaliman | Kaliman | noun ● o-stem | |
Калипол | Kalipol | Gallipoli | noun ● o-stem | |
Калкадинов | Kalkadinov | of Calchas | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. Here, Kalkadinovь otokъ denotes the hiding place of Achilles before the war (i.e. Skyros). |
калкан | kalkan | shield | noun ● jo-stem | Carski: pl. calcane. Google: tr. kalkan 'shield' |
Калканоушь | Kalkanuš | Vulcan | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy: sg.dat kalkanoušu. Jagić: Vl'kanušu. |
Калкашь | Kalkaš | Calchas | noun ● jo-stem | |
калугер | kaluger | monk | noun ● o-stem | wiktionary: ngr. kalogeros 'monk' |
калугерски | kalugerski | of monks | adjective ● hard stem | |
каматар | kamatar | usurer | noun ● o-stem | makedonski.info: kamatar ~ kamatnik 'toj, što dava pari na zaem so kamata' |
камен | kamen | stone | noun ● o-stem | OCS sg.nom kamy, acc kamenь - an n-stem. |
каменен | kamenen | of stone | adjective ● hard stem | |
камение | kamenie | stone | noun ● jo-stem | |
камила | kamila | camel | noun ● ā-stem | |
камилски | kamilski | of camel | adjective ● hard stem | |
камо | kamo | where | pronoun ● | Lative correlant of kъde. |
камък | kamъk | stone | noun ● n-stem | |
кандилар | kandilar | candlebearer | noun ● jo-stem | |
кандило | kandilo | candlestick | noun ● o-stem | |
Кантакузин | Kantakuzin | Kantakuzenos | noun ● o-stem | |
каня | kanja | invite | verb ● i-verb | |
капище | kapište | heathen shrine | noun ● jo-stem | |
капка | kapka | drop | noun ● ā-stem | |
капоносец | kaponosec | cape-wearer | noun ● jo-stem | Not found in dictionaries (see BAN II 213 for kapa 'šapka'). Used by Punčo as a metaphor for 'monk'. |
Капсоф | Kapsof | Kapsof | noun ● o-stem | Unclear. |
капя | kapja | drop | verb ● e-verb | |
Кар | Kar | Carus | noun ● o-stem | |
Каракацила | Karakacila | Karakacila | noun ● ā-stem | Mother of the false prophet of Antichrist, which leads the men astray (chapter 070). BAN II 232 shows some similar words, like ethnonym karakačanin, lit. 'black runner' (< tr. kara kaçan) and karakaška 'magpie' (< gr. karakaksi), but the relation (if any) is not clear. Turkish keçi 'goat' could also be plausible, from the viewpoint of common Satanic imagery. |
карам | karam | ride, quarrel | verb ● a-verb | Meaning 'quarrel' comes in reflexive constructions (e.g. karat se 'they quarrel with each other'). |
карар | karar | state, mode | noun ● uninflected | Carski's word. Meaning unclear; in the phrase bir karar it seems to mean 'only' (lit. 'in one, the same state' ?). Mauricio: Karar 'modo, moderazione', BAN II 240: karar 'red, položenie' < tr. karar 'rešenie' < ar. qarār |
Кардам | Kardam | Kardam | noun ● o-stem | |
Карин | Karin | Carinus | noun ● o-stem | |
кармилски | karmilski | of Carmel | adjective ● hard stem | |
кастел | kastel | tower | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy: sg.loc na vysokomъ kasteli. |
ката | kata | every | preposition ● | |
като | kato | as | conjunction ● | |
католичански | katoličanski | Catholic | adjective ● hard stem | Carski: f.sg Sveta Ciarqua Cattoliscianska |
катръга | katrъga | boat | noun ● ā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Miklosich: katrъga 'katergon, navis'. |
катун | katun | tent | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Miklosich: katounъ 'parembolē, castra'. |
катър | katъr | mule | noun ● o-stem | Carski: katar. BAN II 279: katъr 'mule' < tr. katır |
кача | kača | climb | verb ● i-verb | |
качица | kačica | jar | noun ● jā-stem | Likely a diminutive of kaca, itself a dim. of *kadь (BAN II 285). |
Кашантоуша | Kašantuša | Xanthos | noun ● jā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Pypin: Skomandra. |
кашмер | kašmer | joke | noun ● uninflected | Carski: kascmer. BAN II 301: kašmer 'prismex, podigravka' < tr. kaşmer 'šut, smešnik'. Mauricio: Kascmer 'derisione'. |
Кащранда | Kaštranda | Cassandra | noun ● ā-stem | Also the voc kaštrandro is attested in the Legend. |
кая | kaja | regret | verb ● e-verb | Usually reflexive: kaja se 'regret'. |
каяние | kajanie | regret | noun ● jo-stem | |
Каяф | Kajaf | Caiaphas | noun ● o-stem | |
кедров | kedrov | of cedar | adjective ● hard stem | |
Кесар | Kesar | Caesar | noun ● o-stem | |
Кесария | Kesarija | Caesarea | noun ● jā-stem | |
кесия | kesija | purse | noun ● jā-stem | |
кивот | kivot | Ark of Covenant | noun ● o-stem | |
киле | kile | bushel | noun ● o-stem | BAN II 361: kile 'mjarka za teglo' < tr. kile < ar. kīla |
Киликия | Kilikija | Cilicia | noun ● jā-stem | Punčo: sg.acc kiliskiju - a corruption of ѳar'sьlikiju (Tixon.d.), which is based on Tarsus of Cilicia. |
килия | kilija | cell | noun ● jā-stem | CS kelija (< gr. kellion). Punčo uses the CS spelling. |
кинея | kineja | tear | verb ● e-verb | Used by Punčo: 3pl.aor/impf kinexa. Not found in the available dictionaries, mentioned in a text by Šapkarev (†1909, link) in the same form, as an equivalent of kъsaxa. |
кипя | kipja | boil | verb ● i-verb | |
Кир | Kir | Cyrus | noun ● o-stem | |
кир | kir | lord | noun ● uninflected | RBE: kir (2) 'gospodin, gospodar', < gr. kyrios. Usually written with an ižica, e.g. патрїáр͛хь кѷрь вáсилїе (Vuković 1536). |
Кирил | Kiril | Cyril | noun ● o-stem | |
кирия | kirija | transport fee | noun ● jā-stem | BAN II 381: kirija 'naem, plata za prevoz na stoki ili pъtnici', < tr. kira < ar. kirā' |
Киров | Kirov | of Cyrus | adjective ● hard stem | |
Киряк | Kirjak | Cyriacus | noun ● o-stem | |
Кисов | Kisov | Kishon | noun ● o-stem | CS (3 Kings 18:40) kissovъ |
кладенец | kladenec | well | noun ● jo-stem | |
клане | klane | slaughter | noun ● jo-stem | |
кланям | klanjam | bow, worship | verb ● a-verb | Reflexive: BG klanjam se. |
клеветник | klevetnik | slanderer | noun ● o-stem | |
клеветя | klevetja | slander | verb ● i-verb | |
клекна | klekna | kneel | verb ● e-verb | |
клет | klět | cell | noun ● monosyllabic | CS klětь was a fem. i-stem. Punčo handles it as a masculine (e.g. drugi kletъ). In dictionaries it is handled as a feminine (here §6). Both klet and kljat (pl. kleti) are attested in dialects (BAN II 439). |
клетва | kletva | curse, vow | noun ● ā-stem | CS klętva |
Кликерий | Klikerii | Clicerius | noun ● new i-stem | |
клирик | klirik | cleric | noun ● o-stem | |
клисура | klisura | ravine, gorge | noun ● ā-stem | |
клончец | klončec | branch | noun ● jo-stem | |
ключ | ključ | key | noun ● monosyllabic | |
ключити | ključiti | join, take part, be appropriate | verb ● i-verb | CS; meaning 'appropriate' in ptcp.prs.pass. ključim |
кмет | kmet | elder, mayor | noun ● monosyllabic | |
книга | kniga | book, letter, literature | noun ● ā-stem | |
книголюбие | knigoljubie | love of books | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
книжен | knižen | of literature | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. Used in phrases knižna pisma and knižniix slovesъ denoting simply letters. |
книжица | knižica | little book | noun ● jā-stem | |
книжник | knižnik | scribe | noun ● o-stem | CS knižьnikъ |
книжовен | knižoven | literate | adjective ● hard stem | |
книжовник | knižovnik | scribe | noun ● o-stem | A modern BG variant of knižnik. |
княгыни | knęgyni | princess, queen | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
княз | knęz | prince, king | noun ● jo-stem | CS kъnęźь |
ковам | kovam | forge | verb ● e-verb | |
ковач | kovač | smith | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
ковчег | kovčeg | coffin | noun ● e-verb | |
ковчежец | kovčežec | little coffin | noun ● jo-stem | |
кога | koga | when | pronoun ● | Often used by Punčo as a relative pronoun too. |
когато | kogato | when | pronoun ● | |
когда | kogda | when | pronoun ● | CS. The root -gda likely shows a m.sg.gen (of godъ 'time'?), but it could also reflect old sg.inst -a (BAN II 514) which has been proposed for the adverb včera 'yesterday' (Olander 2015:168) too. |
коги | kogi | when | pronoun ● | A dialectal variant of koga (cf. BAN II 515). Also attested in the Legend of Troy (spelled kogy). |
когито | kogito | when | pronoun ● | A dialectal variant of kogato. |
Коета | Koeta | Koyata | noun ● ā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Unclear, how the name, appearing in PL and RU folk tales, could be related to Lycomedes, king of Skyros. Jagić: šteri Ućetě krala, pride k Uetu kralju. |
кожа | koža | leather, skin | noun ● jā-stem | |
кожух | kožux | fur cloak | noun ● o-stem | Used to translate CS milotь 'mēlotē, pellis ovina' |
коза | koza | goat | noun ● ā-stem | |
кози | kozi | of a goat | adjective ● soft stem | An old derivation, going back to *kozъ-jь, rather than to a long-form. |
козина | kozina | fur | noun ● ā-stem | |
козинав | kozinav | furry | adjective ● hard stem | |
козлище | kozlište | goat kid | noun ● jo-stem | |
Козма | Kozma | Cosmas | noun ● ā-stem | |
кой | koi | who | pronoun ● | Handled as A, if used adnominally, especially in CS, e.g. koeju xitrostiju 'by what kind of cunning'. Pq---g kogo, Pq---d komu etc. |
който | koito | who | pronoun ● | Pr---g kogoto, Pr---d komuto |
Кока | Koka | Koka | noun ● ā-stem | name of a river, unclear |
кокал | kokal | bone | noun ● o-stem | |
кол | kol | stake | noun ● monosyllabic | |
кола | kola | wagon, car, wheels | noun ● o-stem | Used as Nnpn by Punčo (ʾógnéni kola). Punčo uses the word in singular (as kolo 'wheel') too. CS kolo was an s-stem. |
колесница | kolesnica | chariot | noun ● jā-stem | |
коли | koli | when | adverb ● | CS |
колко | kolko | how much | pronoun ● | |
колкото | kolkoto | as much | pronoun ● | |
коляно | kolěno | knee | noun ● o-stem | |
комка | komka | Eucharist, host | noun ● ā-stem | Carski: conca |
комшия | komšija | neighbor | noun ● o-stem | tr. komşu |
кон | kon | horse | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo uses both kone and koni as plural forms, preferring the latter. |
конак | konak | mansion, inn | noun ● o-stem | BAN II 581: konak 'učreždenie, kmetstvo, mjasto za noštuvane, kъšta na turčin golemec' < tr. konak 'goljam, krasiv dom'. For more meanings RBE: here. |
кондисам | kondisam | camp | verb ● a-verb | RBE: link |
конец | konec | end | noun ● jo-stem | |
конечен | konečen | final | adjective ● hard stem | |
конечно | konečno | finally | adverb ● | |
Константин | Konstantin | Constantine | noun ● o-stem | Punčo prefers the spelling Kostandinь. |
Константинов | Konstantinov | of Constantine | adjective ● hard stem | Usually a part of the name Konstantinovь gradь 'Constantinople'. |
копаня | kopanja | bowel | noun ● jā-stem | |
копая | kopaja | dig | verb ● e-verb | |
копие | kopie | spear | noun ● jo-stem | |
копраля | kopralja | goad | noun ● jā-stem | |
кораб | korab | ship | noun ● o-stem | A jo-stem in OCS (e.g. Zogr. Mt 4:21 vъ korabi 'in a ship'), also written as korablь. Punčo sometimes uses the fem. dep.form, e.g. obrъnu korabu 'he turned the ship'. |
корабник | korabnik | sailor | noun ● o-stem | CS |
корем | korem | belly | noun ● o-stem | Etymology unclear (cf. BAN II 633: < ngr. kormi 'tjalo' ?) |
корен | koren | root | noun ● jo-stem | |
коренец | korenec | root | noun ● jo-stem | |
корито | korito | trough | noun ● o-stem | CS koryto |
корубина | korubina | inside of an animal | noun ● ā-stem | makedonski.info: korubina 'grb od zaklana svinja' (link) |
коса | kosa | scythe | noun ● ā-stem | |
космат | kosmat | hairy | adjective ● hard stem | |
косна | kosna | touch | verb ● e-verb | |
косов | kosov | of blackbird | adjective ● hard stem | |
кост | kost | bone | noun ● i-stem | |
котел | kotel | kettle | noun ● jo-stem | |
котор | kotor | which | adjective ● pronominal hard stem | CS |
кочия | kočija | chariot | noun ● jā-stem | |
кошница | košnica | basket | noun ● jā-stem | |
кошоута | košuta | hind | noun ● ā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
крава | krava | cow | noun ● ā-stem | |
крадене | kradene | stealing | noun ● jo-stem | |
крадител | kraditel | thief | noun ● jo-stem | Possibly Punčo's neologism, based on the common verb krada 'steal' (BAN II 704), made to translate CS tatь. |
крадна | kradna | steal | verb ● e-verb | |
краен | kraen | last | adjective ● hard stem | |
кражба | kražba | theft | noun ● ā-stem | |
край | krai | end | noun ● jo-stem | |
крал | kral | king | noun ● jo-stem | An alternative to knęz as the second highest secular title ('king'). Paisius divides the Bulgarian rulers to krale 'kings' and care 'emperors', going back to a story about ʺAsen the Greatʺ (actually Khan Tervel). Pagan rulers used titles arkhon or kanasubigi, later the Slavic kъnęźь. The title kralь was common in West Slavic area, and its use in the South is likely a later Hungarian influence. |
кралев | kralev | of king | adjective ● hard stem | |
кралевьство | kralevьstvo | kingdom | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
кралица | kralica | queen | noun ● jā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
кралювати | kraljuvati | rule as a king | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
краса | krasa | snake | noun ● ā-stem | BAN II 717: krasa 'zmija' (Tetevensko) |
красен | krasen | beautiful | adjective ● hard stem | |
красин | krasin | of snake | adjective ● hard stem | |
красота | krasota | beauty | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
краста | krasta | scabies | noun ● ā-stem | |
крат | krat | times | noun ● o-stem | CS - e.g. tri kraty 'three times' |
кратко | kratko | shortly | adverb ● | |
краткоумен | kratkoumen | short-minded | adjective ● hard stem | |
кратък | kratъk | short | adjective ● hard stem | |
кремен | kremen | flint, quartz | noun ● o-stem | Originally an n-stem (CS kremy, BG kremъk), but Punčo's form is attested in other dialects too (bas.bg). |
крепко | krepko | staunchly | adverb ● | |
крепост | krepost | strength | noun ● i-stem | |
крепък | krepъk | strong | adjective ● hard stem | |
крепя | krepja | support | verb ● i-verb | |
крив | kriv | crooked, unjust | adjective ● hard stem | |
кривачка | krivačka | handful | noun ● ā-stem | BAN II 8: krivačka 'šepa' |
кривдина | krivdina | injustice | noun ● ā-stem | |
кривина | krivina | injustice | noun ● ā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
кривогледник | krivoglednik | one with a skewered vision | noun ● o-stem | Punčo: gde+e sudnikь i+veliko krivo glednikь (thus separated by spaces). Unclear, BAN III 6 shows krivogled 'čiito oči ne gledat v edna i sъšta posoka', which does not make sense in the context. |
крилат | krilat | winged | adjective ● hard stem | |
крило | krilo | wing | noun ● o-stem | |
критски | kritski | of Crete | adjective ● hard stem | |
крия | krija | hide | verb ● e-verb | |
кров | krov | cover | noun ● o-stem | CS |
кромешен | kromešen | outer | adjective ● hard stem | CS kroměšьnъ or kroměštьnъ; mostly used in fixed phrases like tьma kromešnaa 'outer darkness' (e.g. Mt 8:12). An extension of kromě. |
кромѣ | kromě | excluding | preposition ● with gen | CS |
кротко | krotko | peacefully | adverb ● | |
кротост | krotost | peacefulness | noun ● i-stem | |
кротък | krotъk | peaceful | adjective ● hard stem | |
Крун | Krun | Krum | noun ● o-stem | Paisius' (and Punčo's) spelling of the name of one of the most famous khans of early Bulgaria (803-814). |
Крунов | Krunov | of Krum | adjective ● hard stem | |
кръв | krъv | blood | noun ● ū-stem | |
кръвник | krъvnik | cutthroat | noun ● o-stem | BAN III 35: krъvnik 'krъvožaden čovek, ubiec, krъvopiec, krъvolok', 'vid smok' (Strandža). |
кръвопиец | krъvopiec | bloodthirster | noun ● jo-stem | |
кръвопролитие | krъvoprolitie | bloodshed | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
кръст | krъst | cross | noun ● monosyllabic | |
Кръстител | Krъstitel | Baptist | noun ● | |
кръстя | krъstja | baptize | verb ● i-verb | |
кръщевам | krъštevam | baptize | verb ● a-verb | |
кръщен | krъšten | baptized | adjective ● hard stem | |
кръщение | krъštenie | baptism | noun ● jo-stem | |
кула | kula | tower | noun ● ā-stem | |
кумир | kumir | idol | noun ● o-stem | |
купец | kupec | merchant | noun ● jo-stem | |
купля | kuplja | goods | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
купно | kupno | together | adverb ● | CS |
купувам | kupuvam | buy | verb ● a-verb | |
купя | kupja | buy | verb ● i-verb | |
курва | kurva | adulterer | noun ● ā-stem | Demina et al. 2012:430 - kurva 'bluden, razvraten čovek (mъž ili žena), kojto izvъršva preljubodejanie'. |
курвар | kurvar | adulterer | noun ● o-stem | Also attested (043) as an ethno-stem (sg.gen kurvarina). |
курварски | kurvarski | adulterous | adjective ● hard stem | |
курварство | kurvarstvo | adultery | noun ● o-stem | |
курвя | kurvja | fornicate | verb ● i-verb | |
куртулисам | kurtulisam | save | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 1sg.prs/opt da se kurtolissan. BAN III 150: kurtulisvam 'izbavjam se' < tr. kurtul- 'spasja se'. Mauricio: Kortolisuam 'liberarsi, disfarsi da una cosa' |
куруц | kuruc | crusader | noun ● o-stem | Unclear, used by Punčo to denote the tribes of Moabites and Ammonites. The word kuruc is used in Hungarian and Slovak for rebel soldiers in 16th-18th century (slovniky.juls link), perhaps mockingly called thus. The connection seems somewhat unlikely. |
Куфа | Kufa | Kufa | noun ● ā-stem | Name of a river in Phrygia in today's Turkey somewhere around ancient Chonae (Honaz), unclear which. |
къде | kъde | where | pronoun ● | BG variant of CS gde - used, when the jer is reflected in the text. |
където | kъdeto | where | pronoun ● | |
къждо | kъždo | every, any | pronoun ● | CS |
къзнь | kъznь | device, intrigue | noun ● i-stem | CS |
кълна | kъlna | curse | verb ● e-verb | |
кълъч | kъlъč | sword | noun ● jo-stem | Carski: pl. kalace. Google: tr. kılıç 'sword' |
към | kъm | toward | preposition ● | |
къмто | kъmto | toward | preposition ● | |
къпя | kъpja | bathe | verb ● i-verb | CS kupati |
кървав | kъrvav | bloody | adjective ● hard stem | |
кърпа | kъrpa | scarf, rag | noun ● ā-stem | |
кърчаг | kъrčag | pitcher | noun ● o-stem | |
кърша | kъrša | cross | verb ● i-verb | rechnik.chitanka: kъrša rъce 'otčajan sъm, ne znaja kakvo da pravja' |
късканджилък | kъskandžilъk | jealousy | noun ● o-stem | Carski: kaskangilak |
къскандисвам | kъskandisvam | be jealous | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 3sg.prs ze da ja kaskandissova. BAN III 231: kъskandisvam 'zaviždam, revnuvam' < tr. aor. kıskandı |
къто | kъto | who | pronoun ● | CS, replaced by koi in modern varieties. See čto for etymology. |
къща | kъšta | house | noun ● ā-stem | Miklosich: kǫšta 'skēnē, tentorium'. Handled as jā-stem in CS. |
кѫдоу | kǫdu | whence | pronoun ● | CS. Ablative correlant of kъde, usually written kudu later. Also appearing with final -ǫ, -a and -ě in OCS (SJS: link), some sl. varieties show -y (CZ kudy), so the etymology is still debated (ESSJ II 351, cf. also IV 974 for tǫdu). |
лавица | lavica | shelf | noun ● jā-stem | |
лавра | lavra | lavra | noun ● ā-stem | Wiki: link. |
Лаган | Lagan | Lagan | noun ● o-stem | Paisius' adaptation of Lakhanos, the Greek name of Ivaylo, the usurper in 1278. |
Лазар | Lazar | Lazarus | noun ● o-stem | |
Лазаров | Lazarov | Lazarus' | noun ● | |
лаком | lakom | greedy | adjective ● hard stem | |
лакомя | lakomja | greed | noun ● jā-stem | |
лакът | lakъt | elbow | noun ● i-stem | |
ламбада | lambada | big candle | noun ● o-stem | Lemma based on Demina (et al. 2012:435). CS lamъbada 'lampas'. |
Ламедон | Lamedon | Laomedon | noun ● o-stem | |
Ламедония | Lamedonia | Laomedonia | noun ● jā-stem | |
Лаодикия | Laodikija | Laodicea | noun ● jā-stem | |
Лартѣшевичь | Lartěševič | Laerteides | noun ● jo-stem | Common form of the surname of Ulysses (Urekšišь) in the Legend of Troy. |
Лартѣшевъ | Lartěšev | of Laertes | adjective ● hard stem | |
латинин | latinin | Roman, Latin | noun ● ethno-stem | |
латински | latinski | Latin | adjective ● hard stem | |
лаяние | lajanie | barking, ambush, ruse | noun ● jo-stem | The military senses ('ambush, ruse') seem to be limited to CS (RBE: histdict.uni-sofia). |
легало | legalo | bed | noun ● o-stem | |
легеон | legeon | legion, regiment | noun ● o-stem | Also used for 'hundred thousand', but not in available sources. |
легна | legna | lay | verb ● e-verb | |
легома | legoma | as if, because | adverb ● | Demina et al. 2012:436 - legoma '1.tъkmo, imenno, 2.sjakaš' |
лед | led | ice | noun ● monosyllabic | |
леден | leden | icy | adjective ● hard stem | |
лежа | leža | lay | verb ● i-verb | |
лек | lek | light | adjective ● hard stem | CS lьgъkъ |
лекар | lekar | doctor | noun ● jo-stem | |
лекарство | lekarstvo | medicine | noun ● o-stem | |
леко | leko | lightly | adverb ● | CS lьgъko |
лекувам | lekuvam | heal | verb ● a-verb | |
лекувание | lekuvanie | healing | noun ● jo-stem | |
леле | lele | behold! | interjection ● | |
леля | lelja | aunt | noun ● jā-stem | |
ленив | leniv | lazy, slothful | adjective ● hard stem | |
леност | lenost | sloth | noun ● i-stem | CS lěnostь |
леня | lenja | be lazy | verb ● i-verb | Reflexive: BG lenja se. |
Леон | Leon | Leo | noun ● o-stem | |
Леонов | Leonov | of Leo | adjective ● hard stem | |
лесно | lesno | easily | adverb ● | |
летен | lěten | of summer, of year | adjective ● hard stem | Used mostly with numbers (like desetileten 'ten-year old'). |
летя | letja | fly | verb ● i-verb | CS letěti, 1sg.prs leštǫ - imperfect variant of lětati. |
леща | lešta | lentils | noun ● jā-stem | |
ли | li | (question particle) | particle ● | |
ливан | livan | thyme | noun ● o-stem | RBE: link |
лижа | liža | lick | verb ● e-verb | |
Лий | Lii | Lyaeus | noun ● new i-stem | A mighty gladiator from Scythia in the Life of St. Demetrius. Written Lѵa in Prolog, lïw in Tixon.d. |
Ликинян | Likinian | Licinian | noun ● o-stem | |
ликовьствовати | likovьstvovati | stand face to face | verb ● e-verb | CS |
ликуване | likuvane | festive mood | noun ● jo-stem | rechnik.chitanka: likuvam 'tъržestvuvam, radvam se vъztorženo'rechnik.chitanka: likuvam 'tъržestvuvam, radvam se vъztorženo'rechnik.chitanka: likuvam 'tъržestvuvam, radvam se vъztorženo'rechnik.chitanka: likuvam 'tъržestvuvam, radvam se vъztorženo' |
Лимож | Limož | Limoges | noun ● jo-stem | In Carski's orthography: Limoges |
липсвам | lipsvam | be lacked, vanish | verb ● a-verb | |
лисица | lisica | fox | noun ● jā-stem | |
лиске | liske | leaves | noun ● jo-stem | BAN III 424: liskьe 'šuma ot dărveta', liske 'lista' < *listje |
лист | list | leaf | noun ● monosyllabic | An o-stem in CS. |
литав | litav | evil | adjective ● hard stem | Unclear, possibly a misspelling of lukav. |
литра | litra | pound | noun ● ā-stem | A unit of measure used mostly for gold in CS and Byzantine context in general. According to wiki, a Byzantine litra weighed 72 solidi or about 324 g (later 319 g) - closer to the Roman libra (328.9 g), than the modern British (453.59 g) and Apothecary (373.24 g) pounds. |
литургия | liturgija | liturgy | noun ● jā-stem | |
лице | lice | face | noun ● jo-stem | |
лицемерен | licemeren | hypocritical | adjective ● hard stem | CS liceměrьnъ |
личен | ličen | notable | adjective ● hard stem | |
лиша | liša | deprive | verb ● i-verb | |
лобизати | lobizati | kiss | verb ● e-verb | CS |
лов | lov | hunt | noun ● o-stem | Used by Punčo also in the meaning of 'catch', i.e. the 'result of a hunt'. |
ловя | lovja | hunt | verb ● i-verb | |
Лог | Log | Logos | noun ● o-stem | Name of a monastery fief on Athos. |
Логин | Login | Longinus | noun ● o-stem | Soldier, who had pierced Jesus' heart (Jn 19:34). The name is not biblical, first mentioned in Acts of Pilate. wiki |
ложесьно | ložesna | womb | noun ● o-stem | CS n.pl ložesna 'vulva, uterus' |
ложница | ložnica | bedroom | noun ● jā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
лозен | lozen | of vineyard | adjective ● hard stem | |
лозие | lozie | vineyard | noun ● jo-stem | BG loza |
лой | loi | fat | noun ● i-stem | |
Лот | Lot | Lot | noun ● o-stem | |
Лотов | Lotov | of Lot | adjective ● hard stem | |
лош | loš | bad | adjective ● soft stem | |
лошав | lošav | bad, miserable | adjective ● hard stem | |
лошаво | lošavo | miserably | adverb ● | |
лошиня | lošinja | evil, deceit | noun ● jā-stem | |
луге | luge | people | noun ● jo-stem | Vernacular variant of ljudie - used when the /g/ is reflected in text. |
луд | lud | mad | adjective ● hard stem | |
лудост | ludost | madness | noun ● i-stem | |
Лука | Luka | Luke | noun ● ā-stem | |
лукав | lukav | evil, cunning | adjective ● hard stem | |
лукавство | lukavstvo | evil, deceit | noun ● o-stem | |
лукавщина | lukavština | evil, deceit | noun ● ā-stem | |
луков | lukov | of onion | adjective ● hard stem | |
луна | luna | Moon | noun ● ā-stem | |
лъв | lъv | lion | noun ● o-stem | CS lьvъ |
лъгам | lъgam | lie | verb ● e-verb | |
лъжа | lъža | lie | noun ● jā-stem | |
лъжа (2) | lъža (2) | lie | verb ● e-verb | |
лъжен | lъžen | deceitful | adjective ● hard stem | CS lьžьnъ |
лъжец | lъžec | liar | noun ● jo-stem | |
лъжив | lъživ | deceitful | adjective ● hard stem | |
лъжовен | lъžoven | false | adjective ● hard stem | |
лък | lъk | bow | noun ● monosyllabic | CS lǫkъ |
лъст | lъst | deception | noun ● i-stem | CS lьstь |
лъстив | lъstiv | deceptive | adjective ● hard stem | |
лъстя | lъstja | deceive | verb ● i-verb | |
лъч | lъč | ray | noun ● monosyllabic | CS lučь (jo-stem) |
лъча | lъča | part ways | verb ● i-verb | CS lǫčiti |
любезен | ljubezen | lovely | adjective ● hard stem | CS ljubьznъ |
любимец | ljubimec | beloved one | noun ● jo-stem | |
любо | ljubo | any | adverb ● hard stem | CS; usually together with a pronoun, e.g. čto ljubo 'anything'. |
любов | ljubov | love | noun ● ū-stem | |
любовник | ljubovnik | lover | noun ● o-stem | |
любодѣленъ | ljubodělen | diligent | adjective ● hard stem | CS; Miklosich: ljubodělьnъ 'laboris amans' |
любодѣꙗние | ljubodějanie | adultery | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
люботроудьнѣ | ljubotrudně | diligently | adverb ● | CS |
любьзно | ljubezno | lovingly | adverb ● | |
любя | ljubja | love | verb ● i-verb | |
людие | ljudie | people | noun ● i-stem | CS pl.nom ljudie, pl.acc ljudi - sometimes distinguished by Punčo too! The current standard BG form is unclear (BAN III 577: ljudi, rechnik.chitanka: ljude). |
люлка | ljulka | crib | noun ● ā-stem | |
люлкам | ljulkam | crib | verb ● a-verb | |
лют | ljut | fierce | adjective ● hard stem | |
лютост | ljutost | fierceness | noun ● i-stem | |
ляв | lěv | left | adjective ● hard stem | |
лягам | ljagam | lay | verb ● a-verb | CS lěgati (e-verb) |
лягане | ljagane | laying down | noun ● jo-stem | CS lěganie |
лято | lěto | summer, year | noun ● o-stem | |
лятописец | lětopisec | historian | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo: pl. léto_píxci |
лѣп | lěp | beautiful | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
лѣпо | lěpo | beautifully | adverb ● | CS |
лѣпота | lěpota | beauty | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
лѣтати | lětati | fly | verb ● e-verb | CS; iterative variant of letěti. |
Лѧтомещрица | Lętomeštrica | Clytenmestra | noun ● jā-stem | |
лѫгъ | lǫgъ | grove | noun ● o-stem | CS |
магаре | magare | donkey | noun ● jo-stem | |
магесник | magesnik | mage, sorcerer | noun ● o-stem | |
магесница | magesnica | sorceress | noun ● jā-stem | |
Магнентий | Magnentii | Magnentius | noun ● new i-stem | |
магя | magia | magic | noun ● jā-stem | |
маджаре | madžare | Hungarians, Magyars | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo uses the ethno-stem plural maџare (or with -i), but the singular form is not attested. |
маджарски | madžarski | Hungarian, Magyar | adjective ● hard stem | |
Мадит | Madit | Madytos | noun ● o-stem | The site of a bishopric held by St. Petka's brother Euthymius. Called Madis by Ptolemy, now part of modern Eceabat on the Gallipoli Peninsula. |
мадямски | madiamski | of Madiam | adjective ● hard stem | Or Midian. wiki |
маздрак | mazdrak | blade | noun ● o-stem | Unclear, denotes something sharp, mentioned e.g. here. If related to OCS męzdra (rus. mjazdra), it could mean a 'skinning knife'. |
майка | maika | mother | noun ● ā-stem | |
майкин | maikin | mother's | adjective ● hard stem | |
майстор | maistor | master (of a craft) | noun ● o-stem | Punčo uses both maistore and maistori as plural forms. |
майстория | maistorija | mastery | noun ● jā-stem | |
макар | makar | although, even | particle ● | RBE: link |
Макарий | Makarii | Makarios | noun ● new i-stem | |
Македон | Makedon | Macedonia | noun ● o-stem | |
македонски | makedonski | Macedonian | adjective ● hard stem | |
Максентии | Maksentii | Maxentius | noun ● new i-stem | An emperor of Rome, son of Maximian. Ruled in Italy and North Africa in 306-312, until he was defeated by Constantine the Great. |
Максимиан | Maksimian | Maximian | noun ● o-stem | An emperor of Rome, ruling together with Diocletian in 286-305. |
Максимианов | Maksimianov | of Maximian | adjective ● hard stem | |
максул | maksul | agricultural product | noun ● o-stem | BAN III 622: maksul 'domašno selskostopansko proizvodstvo', < tr. mahsul |
мал | mal | small | adjective ● hard stem | |
Малелейл | Maleleil | Mahalalel | noun ● | A biblical patriarch (5th gen.) |
малко | malko | very little | adverb ● | |
мало | malo | a little | adverb ● | |
малодушие | malodušie | low spirit | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
маломощен | malomošten | leper | adjective ● hard stem | |
малък | malъk | little | adjective ● hard stem | |
манастир | manastir | monastery | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo prefers o in root, as in CS monastyrь (e.g. 32x vs 7x with a in chapters 011/012). |
манастирски | manastirski | of a monastery | adjective ● hard stem | |
манна | manna | manna | noun ● | The name given by Israelites to the "heavenly bread" sent by God (Ex 16:31). |
Мануил | Manuil | Manuel | noun ● o-stem | |
маргарит | margarit | pearls | noun ● o-stem | |
Мария | Maria | Mary | noun ● jā-stem | |
Марко | Marko | Mark | noun ● o-stem | |
Марта | Marta | Martha | noun ● ā-stem | |
мартурисати | marturisati | testify | verb ● e-verb | A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'. |
мартурия | marturija | evidence, testimony | noun ● jā-stem | Demina et al. 2012:463 - marturija 'svidetelstvo, dokazatelstvo' |
маскара | maskara | joking | noun ● ā-stem | rechnik.chitanka: maskara 'čovek, koito predizvikva podigravki; bezobraznik, bezsramnik' |
маслен | maslen | oily | adjective ● hard stem | Commonly used in phrase masleno dъrvo 'olive tree'. |
масленник | maslennik | oil bottle | noun ● o-stem | |
масличен | masličen | of olives | adjective ● hard stem | |
масло | maslo | oil | noun ● o-stem | |
мастило | mastilo | ink | noun ● o-stem | |
Матей | Matei | Matthew | noun ● jo-stem | |
матерен | materen | mother's | adjective ● hard stem | |
мати | mati | mother | noun ● r-stem | CS |
Матусал | Matusal | Methuselah | noun ● o-stem | A biblical patriarch (8th gen.) |
махала | maxala | settlement | noun ● ā-stem | |
махам | maxam | remove, wave | verb ● a-verb | |
махана | maxana | lack | noun ● ā-stem | BAN III 693: maxana 'nedostatъk', < tr. mahana, behane 'povod, izgovor' |
махна | maxna | remove, wave | verb ● e-verb | |
махрама | maxrama | veil | noun ● ā-stem | RBE: link |
мая | maja | be confused | verb ● e-verb | Usually reflexive: maja se |
мегдан | megdan | square (in a city) | noun ● o-stem | Carski: mighdana+t |
мед | med | honey | noun ● monosyllabic | A u-stem in CS. |
мед (2) | měd | copper | noun ● i-stem | Although the jat is not reflected in BG, the CS lemma (actually mědь) is used to distinguish it from med 'honey' (< mědъ). |
меден | meden | of honey | adjective ● hard stem | |
меден (2) | měden | of copper | adjective ● hard stem | |
между | meždu | between | preposition ● with inst | |
мелнишки | melniški | of Melnik | adjective ● hard stem | |
Мелхиев | Melxiev | of Milcah | adjective ● hard stem | Milcah (CS Melьxa) was the wife of Abraham's brother Nahor and the grandmother of Rebecca (Gen 11:29) - the name is feminine. Punčo uses the ov-suffix possibly because of misinterpretation of synu melxi 'son of Milcah' in Gen 24:15. |
Менелауш | Menelauš | Menelaus | noun ● jo-stem | |
Менелаушев | Menelaušev | of Menelaus | adjective ● hard stem | |
мензил | menzil | post | noun ● uninflected | RBE: link |
менувам | menuvam | trade | verb ● a-verb | RBE: link. |
мертикосвам | mertikosvam | measure | verb ● a-verb | BAN III 750: mertikosvam 'merja, razmervam' (Kulsko), < SC mertik 'measure' (noun) < HU mertek < sl. *měriti |
месец | mesec | moon, month | noun ● jo-stem | CS měsęcь |
месо | meso | meat | noun ● o-stem | |
Месопотамия | Mesopotamija | Mesopotamia | noun ● jā-stem | Commonly corrupted, e.g. sg.acc u potamiju (Punčo), u mestopotameju (Tale, Veles version). |
метание | metanie | repentance | noun ● jo-stem | CS also has f.sg metania (< gr. metanoia also with a broader meaning 'spiritual conversion'), but the n.sg form is more common in our sources, denoting the act of full bowing in prayer. |
метна | metna | throw | verb ● e-verb | CS metnǫti |
метнувам | metnuvam | throw | verb ● a-verb | |
Методий | Metodii | Methodius | noun ● new i-stem | |
метох | metox | monastery ground | noun ● jo-stem | BAN III 771: metox 'klon ot manastir v naseleno mjasto', < gr. metoxion |
Мехмед | Mexmed | Mehmed | noun ● o-stem | |
меч | meč | sword | noun ● jo-stem | CS mьčь. The CS spelling is also preferred by Punčo. Miklosich prefers mьčь, but -е- is common in the root too already in oldest sources. The Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael prefers mačь. |
меченъ | mečеnъ | of sword | adjective ● hard stem | Legend of Troy: mečnymi glavami 'with pommels' (lit. 'sword-heads'). Lemma based on BAN (III 775). |
мечка | mečka | bear | noun ● ā-stem | |
мечтание | mečtanie | dreaming | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
мешец | mešec | purse | noun ● jo-stem | CS měšьcь |
мигновение | mignovenie | moment | noun ● jo-stem | |
мие | mie | we | pronoun ● | A dialectal variant of nie. |
Мизия | Mizija | Moesia | noun ● jā-stem | Also Misija in CS. |
мил | mil | nice | adjective ● hard stem | |
мила | mila | mercy | noun ● ā-stem | Carski's word. Mauricio: Mila 'compassione' |
милион | milion | million | noun ● o-stem | |
милия | milija | mile | noun ● jā-stem | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
милост | milost | mercy | noun ● i-stem | |
милостив | milostiv | merciful | adjective ● hard stem | |
милостиво | milostivo | mercifuly | adverb ● | |
милостиня | milostinja | alms | noun ● jā-stem | |
милосърден | milosъrden | merciful | adjective ● hard stem | |
милосърдие | milosъrdie | mercy | noun ● jo-stem | CS milosrъdie |
милувам | miluvam | love, be merciful | verb ● a-verb | |
мимо | mimo | away | preposition ● with acc | CS |
мимоити | mimoiti | pass | verb ● e-verb | CS |
мимотещи | mimotešti | pass | verb ● e-verb | CS |
Мина | Mina | Menas | noun ● ā-stem | |
мина | mina | pass | verb ● e-verb | |
минувам | minuvam | pass | verb ● a-verb | |
Минѣрва | Miněrva | Minerva | noun ● ā-stem | |
мир | mir | world, peace | noun ● o-stem | CS |
мирен | miren | peaceful | adjective ● hard stem | |
миризлив | mirizliv | aromatic | adjective ● hard stem | |
миризма | mirizma | scent | noun ● ā-stem | |
мириша | miriša | smell | verb ● i-verb | |
мирия | mirija | governor | noun ● new i-stem | BAN IV 117: mirija 'carski, dъržaven imot; danъk', < tr./per. mīrī< 'kojto se otnasja kъm dъržavno sъkrovište, dъržaven' < per. mīr 'glava, komendant, princ'. Punčo uses the term for an office of the state administration. |
мирнен | mirnen | scented | adjective ● hard stem | |
мирно | mirno | peacefully | adverb ● | |
миро | miro | scent | noun ● o-stem | BAN IV 117: miro 'blagovonno maslo', < mgr. mѵron. Attested also as ā-stem mira in CS. |
мирски | mirski | wordly | adjective ● hard stem | |
мирянин | mirjanin | layman | noun ● ethno-stem | |
миса | misa | mass | noun ● ā-stem | Carski's word. Plurals show both ā- (Missi) and jā-stem (Misse) endings. Mauricio: Missa 'messa'. In BAN IV 122 misa (3) 'liturgija', the lemma is considered to have been borrowed from SC in Banat anew. The form with -i- in root was likely common among Paulicians in BG like Carski, who may have known it from Croatia, too. |
мисля | mislja | think | verb ● i-verb | |
мисъл | misъl | thought, mind | noun ● i-stem | |
митар | mitar | tax collector | noun ● jo-stem | |
митиленски | mitilenski | of Mytilene | adjective ● hard stem | |
мито | mito | tax, fare | noun ● o-stem | |
митрополит | mitropolit | metropolite | noun ● o-stem | |
Михайл | Mixail | Michael | noun ● o-stem | |
Михайлов | Mixailov | Michael's | adjective ● hard stem | |
Михей | Mixei | Micah | noun ● new i-stem | |
мишца | mišca | muscle, arm | noun ● jā-stem | CS myšьca. Also appears with -k- in Punčo (da go zemešь podь míš͛ku). |
мия | mija | wash | verb ● e-verb | |
млад | mlad | young | adjective ● hard stem | |
младенец | mladenec | baby | noun ● jo-stem | CS; Punčo also seems to use the pl. form mladenci for 'married couple'. |
младенче | mladenče | baby | noun ● nt-stem | |
младица | mladica | girl | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
младост | mladost | youth | noun ● i-stem | |
млого | mlogo | much | adverb ● | A dialectal variant of mnogo (cf. BAN IV 170, 183). |
млогоценен | mlogocenen | precious | adjective ● hard stem | |
млъние | mlъnie | thunderstorm | noun ● jo-stem | CS (Miklosich: mlъnii 'fulgur') |
мляко | mlěko | milk | noun ● o-stem | |
мног | mnog | numerous | adjective ● pronominal hard stem | CS |
многажди | mnogaždi | many times | adverb ● | CS mъnoga šьdi lit. 'by many goings'. Etymology unclear (ESSJ 282). |
много | mnogo | much | adverb ● | |
многолетен | mnogoleten | worthy of many years | adjective ● hard stem | |
многолѣпьнъ | mnogolěpьn | very beautiful | adjective ● hard stem | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
многообразен | mnogoobrazen | having various appearances | adjective ● hard stem | |
многоочит | mnogoočit | many-eyed | adjective ● hard stem | An epithet of the angelic order of seraphim. Commonly written with the character ꙮ. |
многоценен | mnogocenen | precious | adjective ● hard stem | |
многочьстьнъ | mnogočьstьnъ | respectable, пуре | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. In the phrase mnogočestnaa rouxa cited by Miklosich, the adjective could also reflect mnogočęstьnъ 'polymerēs, multas partes habens' (i.e. 'of many fabrics'). |
множество | množestvo | multitude | noun ● o-stem | CS množьstvo |
множицеѭ | množicejǫ | many times | adverb ● | CS; see Duridanov et al. 1991:323 for the morphological analysis. |
мнозина | mnozina | many | noun ● ā-stem | |
Моав | Moav | Moab | noun ● o-stem | |
мога | moga | can | verb ● e-verb | If used as an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235). |
мой | moi | my | adjective ● pronominal soft stem | |
Мойсей | Moisei | Moses | noun ● new i-stem | |
Мокреш | Mokreš | Mokreš | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo's home village. |
мокър | mokъr | wet | adjective ● hard stem | |
молба | molba | prayer | noun ● ā-stem | |
молдавски | moldavski | of Moldova | adjective ● hard stem | |
Молдовлахия | Moldovlaxia | Moldowallachia | noun ● jā-stem | Common name for Moldova in medieval sources. |
молебница | molebnica | praying woman | noun ● jā-stem | RBE: link |
моление | molenie | praying | noun ● jo-stem | |
молитва | molitva | prayer | noun ● ā-stem | |
молитвеник | molitvenik | prayer book | noun ● | |
моля | molja | pray | verb ● i-verb | |
мома | moma | girl | noun ● ā-stem | |
момче | momče | boy | noun ● nt-stem | |
момък | momъk | boy | noun ● o-stem | |
монах | monax | monk | noun ● o-stem | |
монашески | monašeski | monastic | adjective ● hard stem | |
мор | mor | plague | noun ● monosyllabic | |
море | more | sea | noun ● jo-stem | |
морски | morski | of sea | adjective ● hard stem | |
моря | morja | kill | verb ● i-verb | |
москал | moskal | Muscovite | noun ● jo-stem | |
Москва | Moskva | Moscow | noun ● ā-stem | Or a hydronym. |
московец | moskovec | Muscovite | noun ● jo-stem | |
Московия | Moskovija | Muscovy | noun ● jā-stem | |
московски | moskovski | Muscovite | adjective ● hard stem | |
Мосхос | Mosxos | Meshech | noun ● o-stem | Paisius' (and Punčo's) spelling of CS Mosoxъ (Gen 10:2), whom he considered the forefather of Slavic peoples. |
мощ | mošt | power | noun ● i-stem | |
мощен | mošten | powerful | adjective ● hard stem | |
мощи | mošti | relics | noun ● i-stem | |
мощно | moštno | possibly | adverb ● | CS |
мраз | mraz | frost | noun ● o-stem | |
мразя | mrazja | hate | verb ● i-verb | |
мрак | mrak | cloud, twilight | noun ● o-stem | |
мрамор | mramor | mortar (stone) | noun ● o-stem | |
мраморен | mramoren | of mortar | adjective ● hard stem | |
мраморов | mramorov | of mortar | adjective ● hard stem | |
мрачен | mračen | cloudy, dark | adjective ● hard stem | |
мрежа | mreža | network | noun ● jā-stem | |
мръсен | mrъsen | filthy | adjective ● hard stem | |
мужски | mužski | male | adjective ● hard stem | A dialectal variant of mъžki (or CS mǫžьskъ) - used when the /s/ is written. |
Мурад | Murad | Murad | noun ● o-stem | Punčo: Muratь, dep.form Murata |
муртат | murtat | betrayer | noun ● jo-stem | Carski: pl. murtate. Nişanyan: mürted < ar. murtadd 'dönen (one who converted?), özellikle dinden dönen' |
муртатлък | murtatlъk | betrayal | noun ● o-stem | Carski: murtatlak. Google: az. mürtədlik 'apostasy' |
мушафере | mušafere | advice | noun ● uninflected | Carski: na miuscefere. The phrase could mean 'for an advice' (BAN IV 365: mušafere 'razmisljane, sgovor za nešto' < tr. müşavere < ar. mušāwara), but perhaps also '(to invite) as guests' (Mauricio: Musafir 'ospite', BAN IV 338: musafir[in] 'gost' < tr. müsafir < ar. musafir; like BG na gosti). |
мушица | mušica | little fly | noun ● jā-stem | |
мъгла | mъgla | mist | noun ● ā-stem | CS mьgla |
мъгловение | mъglovenie | fog | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
мъдрец | mъdrec | sage | noun ● o-stem | CS mǫdrьcь - a jo-stem. |
мъдрост | mъdrost | wisdom | noun ● i-stem | |
мъдър | mъdъr | wise | adjective ● hard stem | |
мъж | mъž | man | noun ● jo-stem | CS mǫžь, pl.nom both mǫži and mǫžie, taken from old i-stems. Punčo uses mužie. |
мъжеложец | mъželožec | homosexual (male) | noun ● | CS; Miklosich: mǫželožьcь 'cum maribus concumbens' |
мъжествено | mъžestveno | manly | adverb ● | |
мъжество | mъžestvo | courage | noun ● o-stem | |
мъжки | mъžki | male | noun ● | |
мъзда | mъzda | reward | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
мъка | mъka | torment | noun ● ā-stem | CS mǫka, also used by Punčo for 'hell'. |
мълва | mъlva | turmoil, chatter | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
мълком | mъlkom | silently | adverb ● | The adverbial instrumental is attested also in CS molkomъ. |
мълча | mъlča | be silent | verb ● i-verb | |
мъмря | mъmrja | scold, rebuke | verb ● i-verb | Carski's word. Mauricio: Mamrene 'rimprovero' |
мъничък | mъničъk | tiny | adjective ● hard stem | |
мърза | mъrza | sloth | noun ● ā-stem | |
мъртвец | mъrtvec | corpse (human) | noun ● jo-stem | |
мъртъв | mъrtъv | dead | adjective ● hard stem | |
мърша | mъrša | corpse | noun ● jā-stem | |
мършав | mъršav | dry, miserable | adjective ● hard stem | |
мъска | mъska | mule | noun ● ā-stem | |
мътен | mъten | stirred | adjective ● hard stem | |
мътно | mъtno | being stirred | adverb ● | |
мъча | mъča | torture | verb ● i-verb | CS mǫčiti |
мъчение | mъčenie | torture | noun ● jo-stem | |
мъченик | mъčenik | martyr | noun ● o-stem | |
мъченица | mъčenica | martyr (female) | noun ● jā-stem | |
мъченически | mъčeničeski | of martyrs | adjective ● hard stem | |
мъчител | mъčitel | tormentor | noun ● | |
мъчно | mъčno | hardly | adverb ● | |
мы | my | we | pronoun ● | CS |
мысльн | myslьn | thought | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
мьне | mьne | less | adverb ● comparative | CS |
мьнечки | mьnečki | very small | adjective ● hard stem | |
мьнии | mьnii | less, smaller | adjective ● soft stem | CS |
мьнѣти | mьněti | think, expect, seem | verb ● i-verb | CS |
мьша | mьša | mass | noun ● jā-stem | A Latin word (borrowed likely with a Germanic pronounciation), used in Kiev folia. Later loaned again as misa from Latin or Croatian (see above) and mesa from Italian or later German. |
мющерия | mjušterija | client | noun ● new i-stem | |
мяра | měra | measure | noun ● ā-stem | BAN III 741: mera 1. 'mjarka', 'sъd, sъdъržašt okolo dva litra' (JuZ, Mъrvaško) |
място | město | place | noun ● o-stem | |
мятам | mětam | throw | verb ● a-verb | |
мях | měx | sack | noun ● monosyllabic | |
мѫка | mǫka | flour | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
на | na | on, to, for | preposition ● with acc (lative) or loc (locative) | |
набеля | nabelja | bleach | verb ● i-verb | |
набера | nabera | take | verb ● e-verb | |
набия | nabija | nail, charge | verb ● e-verb | |
набода | naboda | thrust | verb ● e-verb | |
наведа | naveda | lead to | verb ● e-verb | |
навеждам | naveždam | lean | verb ● a-verb | |
навивам | navivam | defeat, exceed | verb ● a-verb | |
навикна | navikna | get used to | verb ● e-verb | |
навикновение | naviknovenie | habit | noun ● jo-stem | |
Навин | Navin | of Naue | adjective ● hard stem | Naue or Nun was the father of Joshua, the successor of Moses. |
навия | navija | defeat, exceed | verb ● e-verb | |
навръх | navrъx | to the top | adverb ● | |
Навуходоносор | Navuxodonosor | Nabuchadnezzar | noun ● o-stem | |
навърша | navъrša | reach | verb ● i-verb | |
нагледвам | nagledvam | watch over | verb ● a-verb | |
наговоря | nagovorja | convince | verb ● i-verb | |
нагоре | nagore | upward | adverb ● | |
над | nad | over | preposition ● with acc (lative) or loc (locative) | |
надвивам | nadvivam | defeat | verb ● a-verb | |
надвия | nadvija | defeat | verb ● e-verb | Object usually in dative (e.g. crь mu nadvi 'the emperor defeated him'). |
надвор | nadvor | outside | adverb ● | |
надделя | naddelja | conquer | verb ● i-verb | |
надежда | nadežda | hope | noun ● jā-stem | CS nadežda |
надежден | nadežden | hopeful | adjective ● hard stem | |
надея | nadeja | hope | verb ● e-verb | CS naděja sę. Punčo often uses the contracted spelling nadam (actually an a-verb). |
надиграя | nadigraja | win | verb ● e-verb | |
надолу | nadolu | downward | adverb ● | |
надписвам | nadpisvam | outdraw | verb ● a-verb | |
надпиша | nadpiša | outdraw | verb ● e-verb | |
надфърля | nadfъrlja | throw farther | verb ● i-verb | |
надявам | nadjavam | hope | verb ● e-verb | BG nadjavam se |
надяване | nadjavane | hope | noun ● jo-stem | Carski: nadevane. Mauricio: Ninadevane 'disperazione' |
наедно | naedno | together | adverb ● | |
нажежа | nažeža | heat up | verb ● e-verb | |
назад | nazad | backward | adverb ● | |
Назарет | Nazaret | Nazareth | noun ● o-stem | |
називам | nazivam | call, proclaim | verb ● a-verb | |
назирати | nazirati | observe | verb ● e-verb | CS |
най | nai | (superlative particle) | particle ● comparative | |
найда | naida | find | verb ● e-verb | |
накажа | nakaža | punish, teach | verb ● e-verb | Miklosich: nakazati 'sōfronizein, castigare; paideuein, instituere; paidagōgein, erudire'. In modern BG, only the meaning 'punish' seems to remain productive. |
наказание | nakazanie | punishment | noun ● jo-stem | |
наказателен | nakazatelen | punishing, teaching | adjective ● hard stem | |
накарвам | nakarvam | compel | verb ● a-verb | |
наклада | naklada | prepare a bonfire | verb ● e-verb | |
наклеветя | naklevetja | slander | verb ● i-verb | |
накупувам | nakupuvam | buy | verb ● a-verb | |
накърмя | nakъrmja | feed | verb ● i-verb | |
налея | naleja | pour in | verb ● e-verb | |
нали | nali | (question particle) | particle ● | |
наложа | naloža | put on a pile | verb ● i-verb | |
намажа | namaža | smear | verb ● e-verb | |
намеря | namerja | find | verb ● i-verb | |
наместник | namestnik | deputy | noun ● o-stem | Punčo: namesnikь |
намигвам | namigvam | blink | verb ● a-verb | |
намиглив | namigliv | suggestive | adjective ● hard stem | Unclear, CS? 'Suggesting a sin'? |
намисля | namislja | conceive a plan | verb ● i-verb | |
намясто | naměsto | instead | preposition ● with gen | |
наоръжя | naorъžja | take arms | verb ● i-verb | |
наостря | naostrja | sharpen | verb ● i-verb | |
нападам | napadam | attack | verb ● a-verb | |
нападение | napadenie | attack | noun ● jo-stem | |
нападна | napadna | attack, fall on | verb ● e-verb | |
напаля | napalja | ignite | verb ● i-verb | |
напаса | napasa | bring to graze | verb ● e-verb | |
напаст | napast | misfortune | noun ● i-stem | CS |
напасти | napasti | attack | verb ● e-verb | CS. See pasti. |
напечатам | napečatam | verb ● i-verb | ||
написвам | napisvam | write | verb ● a-verb | |
напиша | napiša | write | verb ● e-verb | |
напия | napija | drink | verb ● e-verb | |
наплодя | naplodja | multiply by birth | verb ● i-verb | |
напокон | napokon | finally | adverb ● | |
напоя | napoja | give drink | verb ● i-verb | |
направа | naprava | work, product | noun ● ā-stem | |
направляти | napravljati | direct | verb ● e-verb | CS |
направя | napravja | make | verb ● i-verb | |
напрасно | naprasno | suddenly | adverb ● | CS |
напраша | napraša | dust | verb ● i-verb | |
напрегна | napregna | stretch | verb ● e-verb | |
напред | napred | forward | adverb ● | |
напустя | napustja | leave | verb ● i-verb | |
напълня | napъlnja | fill | verb ● i-verb | |
нараждам | naraždam | give birth | verb ● a-verb | |
наредя | naredja | put in order | verb ● i-verb | |
нареждам | nareždam | command, say | verb ● a-verb | |
нарек | narek | cry | noun ● o-stem | |
нарека | nareka | call | verb ● e-verb | |
наричам | naričam | call | verb ● a-verb | |
народ | narod | nation | noun ● o-stem | |
нарок | narok | sake | noun ● o-stem | CS |
нарочит | naročit | specific | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
насадя | nasadja | plant, put on | verb ● i-verb | CS nasaditi, 1sg.prs nasaždǫ, 2sg nasadiši |
насахат | nasaxat | advice | noun ● uninflected | Carski: nasahat. BAN IV 520: nasaxat (1) 'sъvet' < tr. nasiha (Nisanyan: < ar. nasīḥa 'öğüt verme') |
населя | naselja | settle | verb ● i-verb | |
насея | naseja | sow | verb ● e-verb | |
насилвам | nasilvam | force, violate | verb ● a-verb | |
насилие | nasilie | violence | noun ● jo-stem | |
насилник | nasilnik | violator | noun ● o-stem | |
насилство | nasilstvo | violence | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
насиля | nasilja | force, violate | verb ● i-verb | |
насипа | nasipa | pour | verb ● e-verb | |
наситство | nasitstvo | satisfaction | noun ● o-stem | CS *nasytьstvo? Comes in phrase koi ne+ma nasitъstvo sasъ bludnoe mrъsno dejanie 'who does not have enough of impure adultery'. |
наситя | nasitja | satiate | verb ● i-verb | |
насищам | nasištam | satiate | verb ● a-verb | |
насищане | nasištane | satisfaction | noun ● jo-stem | CS nasyštanie (or also nasištenie, spelled thus by Punčo) |
наскокна | naskokna | attack | verb ● e-verb | Carski: zbra jedin hubav asker od Soltate pusatlie ... ta naskokna Grada+t, deto besce one Duca |
наскръжити | naskrъžiti | gnaw | verb ● i-verb | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. Likely related to skrъžьtati 'bryxein, stridere'. |
насладя | nasladja | enjoy | verb ● i-verb | |
наслаждам | naslaždam | enjoy | verb ● a-verb | |
наслаждение | naslaždenie | enjoying | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
наследница | naslednica | female follower | noun ● jā-stem | |
наследя | nasledja | inherit | verb ● i-verb | |
насреща | nasrešta | towards, against | adverb ● | Also possible to analyze as two words (na+ srešta). |
наставник | nastavnik | advisor | noun ● o-stem | |
наставница | nastavnica | advisor (fem.) | noun ● jā-stem | |
наставя | nastavja | set up | verb ● i-verb | |
настана | nastana | stand up | verb ● e-verb | |
настлати | nastlati | prepare a bed | verb ● e-verb | CS |
настойник | nastoinik | sponsor, guardian, minister | noun ● o-stem | The meaning 'sponsor, guardian' are from CS. Punčo uses the word to translate various ranks denoting a 'royal officer' (e.g. stroitelь domu in 3 Kings 18:3). |
настоятел | nastojatel | overseer | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
настрижа | nastriža | cut hair | verb ● e-verb | |
настъпя | nastъpja | step on | verb ● i-verb | |
натафра | natafra | decorate (oneself) | verb ● i-verb | |
натоваря | natovarja | put a burden | verb ● i-verb | |
натуря | naturja | put on | verb ● i-verb | |
натъкмя | natъkmja | strengthen | verb ● i-verb | |
натъкна | natъkna | stick | verb ● e-verb | |
наука | nauka | teaching | noun ● ā-stem | |
науча | nauča | teach, learn | verb ● i-verb | |
нафащам | nafaštam | hope | verb ● a-verb | BG naxvaštam se |
нафиле | nafile | in vain | adverb ● | Carski: nafele. Mauricio: Na file 'invano'. BAN IV 565: nafile 'naprazno' < tr. nafile 'bezpolezno, naprazno' < ar. nāfila |
нафора | nafora | host | noun ● ā-stem | CS (Miklosich: nafora 'anaphora, hostia') |
находя | naxodja | find, be present | verb ● i-verb | |
Нахор | Naxor | Nahor | noun ● o-stem | Both a proper name and toponym: brother of Abraham, who founded a city and named it after himself. |
нахраня | naxranja | feed | verb ● i-verb | |
начален | načalen | foremost | adjective ● hard stem | |
начало | načalo | beginning | noun ● o-stem | |
началство | načalstvo | chiefdom | noun ● o-stem | |
начелник | načelnik | chieftain | noun ● | |
начинание | načinanie | actions, conduct | noun ● jo-stem | |
начиня | načinja | begin, upgrade | verb ● i-verb | RBE: link. The second meaning seems to be Paisius' own. |
начна | načna | begin | verb ● e-verb | CS načęti. If used as an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235) |
начървя | načъrvja | make red | verb ● i-verb | |
наш | naš | our | adjective ● pronominal soft stem | |
наꙗздити | najazditi | ride on, attack | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
не | ne | no, not | particle ● | |
небе | nebe | heaven, sky | noun ● s-stem | CS nebo. Later CS sources commonly show locative forms, but not so much the OCS na nebese (or pl. -esьxъ), as nebesi (jo-stem sg.) or nebesěxъ (o-stem pl.), which are found in Punčo's text too. O-stem forms like sg.dat nbu are also common. |
небесен | nebesen | of heaven, sky | adjective ● hard stem | |
небески | nebeski | of heaven, sky | adjective ● hard stem | |
неверник | nevernik | unbeliever | noun ● o-stem | |
невеста | nevesta | bride | noun ● ā-stem | |
невестин | nevestin | of a bride | adjective ● hard stem | |
неволя | nevolja | misfortune | noun ● jā-stem | |
Неврот | Nevrot | Nimrod | noun ● o-stem | CS Nevrodъ |
невъздержание | nevъzderžanie | intemperance | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
невѣрьство | nevěrьstvo | disloyalty | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
негли | negli | than | conjunction ● | RBE: link. Also spelled negoli by Punčo. In CS, negъli can be used also with the meaning 'perhaps'. |
негов | negov | his | adjective ● hard stem | |
Неда | Neda | Neda | noun ● ā-stem | |
неделен | nedelen | of Sunday | adjective ● hard stem | |
неделя | nedelja | Sunday | noun ● jā-stem | |
недоговор | nedogovor | disagreement | noun ● o-stem | |
недостойнство | nedostoinstvo | unworthiness | noun ● o-stem | CS |
недужен | nedužen | ill | adjective ● hard stem | cf. Demina et al. 2012:549 |
недъг | nedъg | illness | noun ● o-stem | CS nedǫgъ |
нежели | neželi | than | conjunction ● | BAN IV 600: neže, neželi 'otkolkoto, vmesto' (CS?) |
незвание | nezvanie | uninvitedness | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
незлоба | nezloba | innocence | noun ● ā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
незлобие | nezlobie | innocence | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
неин | nein | her | adjective ● hard stem | Punčo uses commonly the forms noin and noen. |
нека | neka | let | particle ● | |
неколцина | nekolcina | some people | noun ● ā-stem | |
некъто | někъto | someone | pronoun ● | CS |
нело | nelo | because, but | conjunction ● | BAN IV 608: nelo 'no' |
Неманиев | Nemanjev | of Nemanja | adjective ● hard stem | |
Неманя | Nemanja | Nemanja | noun ● jā-stem | |
немилостивник | nemilostivnik | merciless one | noun ● o-stem | |
немощ | nemošt | weakness | noun ● i-stem | |
немощен | nemošten | ill, weak | adjective ● hard stem | |
немски | nemski | German | adjective ● hard stem | Also includes variants like němьčьskyi (CS), nemъcki, nemečki (Paisius) etc. |
ненавидост | nenavidost | hate | noun ● i-stem | Carski: ninavidos |
ненавидя | nenavidja | hate, dislike | verb ● i-verb | |
ненавист | nenavist | hate | noun ● i-stem | |
ненавистен | nenavisten | hateful | adjective ● hard stem | |
ненавистник | nenavistnik | hater | noun ● o-stem | |
неотстѫпьно | neotstǫpьno | staunchly | adverb ● | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
Неофит | Neofit | Neophyte | noun ● o-stem | |
неправда | nepravda | injustice | noun ● ā-stem | Miklosich: nepravьda 'adikia, adikēma, iniustitia, iniuria' |
непрестанен | neprestanen | ceaseless | adjective ● hard stem | Derivate of prestana (CS prěstati). Appears negated in dictionaries too. |
непрестанно | neprestanno | ceaselessly | adverb ● | |
неприязнен | neprijaznen | hostile, evil, devilish | adjective ● hard stem | |
неприятел | neprijatel | enemy | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
Нептенабоуш | Neptenabuš | Neptune | noun ● jo-stem | |
нерадение | neradenie | not working | noun ● jo-stem | |
Неропол | Neropol | Neropolis | noun ● | Actually Hierapolis (CS Ieropolъ) in Phrygia (today Turkey). |
нести | nesti | carry | verb ● e-verb | CS |
Нестор | Nestor | Nestor | noun ● o-stem | |
несъгласие | nesъglasie | disagreement | noun ● jo-stem | |
несъмысльнник | nesъmyslьnnik | fool | noun ● o-stem | |
несъмышление | nesъmyšlenie | folly | noun ● jo-stem | CS; Miklosich: nesъmyšljenie 'anoia, dementia' |
нехая | nexaja | do nothing, ignore | verb ● e-verb | Etymologically, a negation of xaja (cf. BAN IV 631). |
нехел | nexel | malady | noun ● o-stem | BAN IV 628, 631: nexel 'nedobăr' < nefel 'loš, nedăgav, grozen' (Rakitovo, Velingradsko, Buinovo, Devinsko) < gr. anofelēs 'bezpolezen' |
нечестив | nečestiv | ungodly | adjective ● hard stem | CS nečьstivъ |
нечист | nečist | impure | adjective ● hard stem | |
нечистота | nečistota | impurity | noun ● ā-stem | |
нещо | nešto | something | pronoun ● | CS něčьto |
ни | ni | nor | conjunction ● | |
нива | niva | field, acre | noun ● ā-stem | |
нигде | nigde | nowhere | pronoun ● | |
ние | nie | we | pronoun ● | Annotation reflects the following schema: nas Pp1-pg, nam Pp1-pd, ni Pp1-pa |
ниже | niže | nor | conjunction ● | CS |
нижьнъ | nižьnъ | lowly | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
низ | niz | under | preposition ● with acc (lative only!) | |
низлагати | nizlagati | defeat | verb ● e-verb | CS |
низулѣгание | nizulěganie | laying down | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
никак | nikak | in no way | pronoun ● | |
никакво | nikakvo | nothing | pronoun ● | Handled as A, if used adnominally. |
никакоже | nikakože | in no way | pronoun ● | CS |
никакъв | nikakъv | none | adjective ● hard stem | An adjectival pronoun. |
Никифор | Nikifor | Nicephorus | noun ● | Byzantine emperor (ruling 802-811), famous in Bulgaria for expanding Khan Krum's tableware. |
Никифоров | Nikiforov | of Nicephorus | adjective ● | |
никога | nikoga | never | pronoun ● | |
никогда | nikogda | never | pronoun ● | CS |
никоги | nikogi | never | pronoun ● | |
Никодим | Nikodim | Nicodemus | noun ● | A Pharisee, who became a follower of Jesus (e.g. in Jn 3:1) |
никой | nikoi | nobody, none | pronoun ● | Handled as A, if used adnominally. CS nikъtože is handled as a separate lemma. |
Никола | Nikola | Nicholas | noun ● ā-stem | |
Николай | Nikolai | Nicholas | noun ● | CS |
Никомидия | Nikomidija | Nicomedia | noun ● jā-stem | |
Никопол | Nikopol | Nicopolis | noun ● jo-stem | |
никътоже | nikъtože | nobody, none | pronoun ● | CS |
нити | niti | neither | conjunction ● | Dialectal variant of nito (cf. BAN IV 656). |
нито | nito | neither | conjunction ● | |
нихен | nixen | their | adjective ● hard stem | dialectal variant of těxen (cf. BAN IV 657) |
ниць | nicь | forward | adverb ● | CS. The form nica is also attested, possibly going back to sg.gen (or old instrumental). See BAN IV 659 for details. |
ничьтоже | ničьtože | nothing | pronoun ● | CS |
нишки | niški | of Naissus | adjective ● hard stem | |
нищ | ništ | poor | adjective ● soft stem | |
нищелюбив | ništeljubiv | loving the poor | adjective ● hard stem | Miklosich: ništeljubivъ 'philoptōkhos, mendicorum amans' |
нищета | ništeta | misery | noun ● ā-stem | |
нищо | ništo | nothing | pronoun ● | BG |
но | no | but | conjunction ● | CS nъ, no, or also nǫ. |
нов | nov | new | adjective ● hard stem | |
нога | noga | leg | noun ● ā-stem | Forms noge or noze are tagged as duals (Nfdnn) |
Ноев | Noev | Noah's | adjective ● hard stem | |
ноември | noemvri | November | noun ● new i-stem | |
нож | nož | knife | noun ● monosyllabic | CS nožь was originally a jo-stem, modern BG uses the monosyllabic pl. form nožove. In Legend of Troy, we have a pl.inst noževy. Punčo uses a similarly palatalized pl. form noževe. |
ножен | nožen | of leg | adjective ● hard stem | |
ножле | nožle | small knife | noun ● nt-stem | |
ножленце | nožlence | small knife | noun ● nt-stem | |
Ноин | Noin | Noah's | adjective ● hard stem | Based on the name Noi 'Noah' - f.3sg form noin is lemmatized as nein. |
Ной | Noi | Noah | noun ● new i-stem | Punčo uses two forms in subject positions: Noja, on the model of other new i-stems, and the CS form Noe (tagged Nmsvy). Possessive form noinь (besides noevь ) hints at possible interpretation of the word as an ā-stem. |
нокът | nokъt | nail | noun ● o-stem | |
нос | nos | nose | noun ● monosyllabic | |
нося | nosja | carry | verb ● i-verb | |
нощ | nošt | night | noun ● i-stem | |
нощеска | nošteska | by night | adverb ● | BAN IV 698: nošteska 'noštes' < noštes (< *naktь+sь) + ka |
нощувам | noštuvam | spend night | verb ● a-verb | |
нрав | nrav | moral, custom | noun ● o-stem | CS |
нудя | nudja | prepare | verb ● i-verb | BAN IV 700: nudja se 'tăkmja se, vărtja se' (Krăvenik, Sevliensko), 'bavno se prigotvjam' (Elensko) |
нужда | nužda | need | noun ● jā-stem | |
нужен | nužen | needy | adjective ● hard stem | |
нужно | nužno | in need | adverb ● | CS |
ныня | nyně | now | adverb ● | CS |
нынѣшьнь | nyněšьnь | contemporary | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
нягде | něgde | somewhere | pronoun ● | |
някак | někak | somehow | pronoun ● | CS někako |
някакво | někakvo | something | pronoun ● | |
някога | někoga | sometimes | pronoun ● | |
някой | někoi | someone | pronoun ● | Handled as A, if used adnominally (e.g. někoi člkь). |
няколко | několko | some | pronoun ● | |
някъде | někъde | somewhere | pronoun ● | |
ням | něm | mute | adjective ● hard stem | |
нѣкотори | někotori | someone | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
о | o | oh | interjection ● | Usually precedes vocatives. |
о (2) | o (2) | about | preposition ● with loc | CS - replaced in BG by za. |
оба | oba | both | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
обадя | obadja | call | verb ● i-verb | |
обаждам | obaždam | call | verb ● a-verb | |
обаче | obače | but, however | conjunction ● | |
обаятелен | obajatelen | amazing | adjective ● hard stem | |
обвеселити | obveseliti | make happy | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
обвия | obvija | wrap | verb ● e-verb | |
обвладати | obvladati | rule | verb ● e-verb | CS |
обградя | obgradja | surround | verb ● i-verb | |
обгърна | obgъrna | embrace | verb ● e-verb | |
обезчествам | obezčestvam | lose honor | verb ● a-verb | Not found in dictionaries. |
обезчестя | obezčestja | lose honor | verb ● i-verb | |
обема | obema | grasp, include | verb ● e-verb | Miklosich: obъjęti, 1sg.prs obimǫ, 2sg obimeši 'katalambanein, complecti' |
обера | obera | rob | verb ● e-verb | |
обеся | obesja | hang (execute) | verb ● i-verb | |
обещая | obeštaja | vow, promise | verb ● e-verb | CS oběštati (< ob- + věštati). |
обзалог | obzalog | bet | noun ● o-stem | RBE: link |
обзаложа | obzaloža | lay a bet | verb ● i-verb | |
обида | obida | go around | verb ● e-verb | |
обида (2) | obida (2) | insult | noun ● ā-stem | |
обиден | obiden | poor | adjective ● hard stem | |
обидник | obidnik | miserable man | noun ● o-stem | |
обидница | obidnica | miserable woman | noun ● jā-stem | |
обидя | obidja | insult | verb ● i-verb | BAN IV 742: from *ob-vidja (CS obiděti, 1sg.prs obiždǫ) |
обикна | obikna | love, like | verb ● e-verb | CS obyknǫti |
обиколя | obikolja | go around | verb ● i-verb | |
обирам | obiram | rob | verb ● a-verb | |
обиталище | obitalište | dwelling | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
обитека | obiteka | flow around | verb ● e-verb | |
обител | obitel | dwelling | noun ● jo-stem | |
обитичам | obitičam | flow around | verb ● a-verb | |
обичаи | običai | custom | noun ● jo-stem | CS obyčai |
обичам | običam | have a custom, love, like | verb ● a-verb | The first meaning is only in CS (e.g. in Zogr.107: plъtskaa obyče uspivati vъzygrania 'it usually lulls the stirrings of the flesh'). |
обичен | običen | usual, lovable | adjective ● hard stem | CS obyčьnъ. The second (later) meaning is not attested in our sources so far in an adjective. |
обично | obično | usually, lovingly | adverb ● | Appears also as obyčně in CS sources. The meaning 'lovingly' appears later, e.g. in Berl.d. (translating ljubьzьno). |
обладател | obladatel | ruler | noun ● o-stem | RBE: link |
обладая | obladaja | conquer | verb ● e-verb | |
облак | oblak | cloud | noun ● o-stem | |
областьнъ | oblastьnъ | having a power | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
облежа | obleža | rape | verb ● i-verb | The meaning is likely specific for Punčo, not mentioned in available dictionaries. CS obležati is translated 'lie around, surround' (SJS) and 'leža vъrxu nešto' (BAN III 346). |
облека | obleka | put on (clothes) | verb ● e-verb | |
облекло | obleklo | clothes | noun ● o-stem | |
облея | obleja | pour on | verb ● e-verb | |
обливам | oblivam | pour on | verb ● a-verb | |
облобизати | oblobizati | kiss | verb ● e-verb | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. Miklosich: iprf. oblobyzati, prf. oblobъzati. 1sg.prs for both is oblobъžǫ (the iprf. form may have oblobizajǫ too). |
обложа | obloža | put around | verb ● i-verb | |
облѣнити | oblěniti | be lazy | verb ● i-verb | A reflexive verb in CS: oblěniti sę 'pigrum esse' |
обнажити | obnažiti | strip | verb ● i-verb | CS |
обнищати | obništati | become poor | verb ● e-verb | CS |
обнося | obnosja | carry around | verb ● i-verb | CS; Miklosich: obъnositi 'peripherein, circumferre' |
обогатявам | obogatjavam | make rich | verb ● a-verb | |
обор | obor | corral | noun ● o-stem | |
оборя | oborja | conquer | verb ● i-verb | |
обрадувам | obraduvam | rejoice | verb ● a-verb | Demina et al. 2012:587 - obraduvam se 'zaradvam se' |
образ | obraz | picture | noun ● o-stem | Punčo uses pl. obraze too. |
обратя | obratja | turn | verb ● i-verb | |
обращам | obraštam | turn | verb ● a-verb | |
обрека | obreka | vow | verb ● e-verb | |
оброк | obrok | pay | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
обрѣсти | obrěsti | find | verb ● e-verb | CS; 1sg obręštǫ (nasalized root!), 2sg obręšteši |
обрѣтати | obrětati | find | verb ● e-verb | CS |
обрѣщи | obrěšti | turn | verb ● irregular | CS; 1sg obrъgǫ sę, 2sg obrъžeši sę |
обрѫбити | obrǫbiti | skew | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
обрѫчник | obrǫčnik | fiancee (male) | noun ● o-stem | CS |
обрѫчница | obrǫčnica | fiancee (fem.) | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
обсадя | obsadja | besiege | verb ● i-verb | |
обуща | obušta | shoes | noun ● jā-stem | |
обуя | obuja | put on (shoes) | verb ● e-verb | |
обходя | obxodja | circumvent | verb ● i-verb | |
общ | obšt | common | adjective ● soft stem | |
объзирати | obъzirati | look around | verb ● e-verb | CS; a-verb in Punčo |
обърна | obъrna | turn | verb ● e-verb | |
обявя | objavja | announce | verb ● i-verb | |
обяд | oběd | lunch, noon | noun ● o-stem | |
обядати | objadati | be a glutton | verb ● e-verb | A reflexive verb in CS: obъjadati sę 'gulosum esse' |
обядвам | obědvam | have a lunch | verb ● a-verb | |
обядник | objadnik | glutton | noun ● o-stem | CS; Miklosich: obъjadenie 'addēfagia, ingluvies' |
обям | objam | gnaw | verb ● irregular | |
ов | ov | this | pronoun ● | |
овамо | ovamo | towards there | adverb ● | |
овде | ovde | here | pronoun ● | SC |
овдовея | ovdoveja | become a widow | verb ● e-verb | |
овен | oven | ram | noun ● o-stem | |
овия | ovija | wrap around | verb ● e-verb | |
овощникъ | ovoštnik | fruit garden | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
овощница | ovoštnica | fruit garden | noun ● jā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
овца | ovca | sheep | noun ● jā-stem | |
овчар | ovčar | shepherd | noun ● jo-stem | |
овчи | ovči | of sheep | adjective ● soft stem | |
овържа | ovъrža | wrap around | verb ● e-verb | |
оглавление | oglavlenie | title | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
огладнея | ogladneja | become hungry | verb ● e-verb | |
огладя | ogladja | smooth out | verb ● i-verb | |
оглуша | ogluša | become deaf | verb ● i-verb | |
огнен | ognen | fiery | adjective ● hard stem | |
оголя | ogolja | shave | verb ● i-verb | RBE: link |
огорча | ogorča | become bitter | verb ● i-verb | |
ограда | ograda | fence | noun ● ā-stem | |
оградя | ogradja | surround | verb ● i-verb | |
огрижя | ogrižja | become worry | verb ● i-verb | |
огън | ogъn | fire | noun ● jo-stem | |
од | od | from, of | preposition ● with gen | Variant of ot, commonly used by Carski (and in MK). |
одая | odaja | chamber | noun ● jā-stem | BAN IV 793: odaja 'staja', < tr. dat. odaya |
одвойвам | odvoivam | separate | verb ● a-verb | Not found in dictionaries. |
одежда | odežda | clothes | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
одолѣти | odolěti | defeat, conquer | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
одръжание | odrъžanie | occupation, conquest | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
одръжати | odrъžati | keep | verb ● i-verb | CS |
одъждя | odъždja | make rainy | verb ● i-verb | |
одър | odъr | (wooden) bed | noun ● o-stem | BAN IV 809: odъr 'izdignato mjasto kraj stena na staja, koeto služi za sjadane ili ljagane' |
одѣꙗти | odějati | clothe | verb ● e-verb | CS |
ожаднея | ožadneja | become thirsty | verb ● e-verb | |
оженя | oženja | marry | verb ● i-verb | |
оживенича | oživeniča | become ill of scrofula | verb ● e-verb | |
оживея | oživeja | become alive | verb ● e-verb | |
оживя | oživja | resurrect | verb ● i-verb | |
оживявам | oživjavam | resurrect | verb ● a-verb | Punčo uses a contracted 3sg.prs form oživъlja. |
ожидати | ožidati | await | verb ● e-verb | CS |
озаря | ozarja | enlighten | verb ● i-verb | |
озгора | ozgora | from above | adverb ● | makedonski.info: ozgora 'above, northerly' |
оздоле | ozdole | from beneath | adverb ● | |
оздравя | ozdravja | become or make healthy | verb ● i-verb | |
озлобление | ozloblenie | show enmity | noun ● jo-stem | |
озлобя | ozlobja | become hostile | verb ● i-verb | |
озлобявам | ozlobjavam | become hostile | verb ● a-verb | |
озноба | oznoba | worry | noun ● ā-stem | Demina et al. 2012:597 - oznoba 'griža' |
Ойлуш | Oiluš | Ilus | noun ● jo-stem | |
Ойнеш | Oineš | Oenone | noun ● i-stem | Sometimes replaced by venoušь in the Legend. Veselovskij (1888:54) finds a parallel in the Old Norse Trojumanna saga, where ʺVenusʺ (Freyja) becomes the lover of Paris after his judgement. |
окая | okaja | complain, become worry | verb ● e-verb | |
окаяник | okajanik | poor one | noun ● jo-stem | |
оклеветание | oklevetanie | slander | noun ● jo-stem | |
оклеветя | oklevetja | slander | verb ● i-verb | |
око | oko | eye | noun ● o-stem | The common plural form oči is tagged Nndnn - being originally the dual form (CS pl.nom was očesa - it was an s-stem). |
окова | okova | wrap in metal | verb ● e-verb | |
окова (2) | okova (2) | shackles | noun ● jā-stem | |
околен | okolen | adjacent | adjective ● hard stem | |
околище | okolište | surroundings | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
около | okolo | around | preposition ● with gen | |
околовръстен | okolovrъsten | neighboring | adjective ● hard stem | |
окоп | okop | ditch | noun ● o-stem | |
окрадвам | okradvam | rob | verb ● a-verb | |
окръжа | okrъža | attack from all sides | verb ● i-verb | Unclear. BAN III 41: krъža 'pravja, opisvam krъgove', 'seka ot vsički strani debelo dъrvo s bradva' |
окръмительница | okrъmitelьnica | nurse | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
окръст | okrъst | around | adverb ● | CS |
окръстьнь | okrъstьnь | around | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
октомври | oktomvri | October | noun ● new i-stem | |
окъпя | okъpja | bathe | verb ● e-verb | CS okǫpati |
Олга | Olga | Olga | noun ● ā-stem | |
оледнея | oledneja | freeze | verb ● e-verb | |
оливам | olivam | pour on | verb ● a-verb | |
оловен | oloven | leaden | adjective ● hard stem | |
олово | olovo | lead (metal) | noun ● o-stem | |
олтар | oltar | altar | noun ● jo-stem | |
омеся | omesja | knead | verb ● i-verb | |
омисъл | omisъl | intention, suspicion | noun ● o-stem | |
омия | omija | wash | verb ● e-verb | |
омоча | omoča | dip | verb ● i-verb | |
омръзна | omrъzna | become annoying | verb ● e-verb | |
омръса | omъrsa | taint | verb ● i-verb | |
омывалница | omyvalnica | washing bowl | noun ● jā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
он | on | he | pronoun ● | Used for both personal (Pp3msn, as a dialectal variant of toi) and distal demonstrative pronoun. |
она | ona | she | pronoun ● | Dialectal variant of tja - used only for Pp3fsn |
онакъвзи | onakъvzi | that kind | pronoun ● | From the Legend of Troy. |
онамо | onamo | over there | adverb ● | |
онемея | onemeja | become mute | verb ● e-verb | |
онзи | onzi | that | pronoun ● | Used if the -zi suffix is present (i.e. onogozi, onomuzi, onazi etc.). |
они | oni | they | pronoun ● | Dialectal variant of tě - used only for Pp3-pn |
Онисифор | Onisifor | Onesiphorus | noun ● o-stem | Name mentioned in 2 Tim 1:16 and 2:19. Also a sexton in the Life of St. Demetrius. |
Онискос | Oniskos | Oniscus | noun ● o-stem | Punčo's rendering of Neanii, the pagan name of St. Procopius. Likely misread as Ioanniskos, a diminutive of Ioannēs (once given as ïwanískosь by Punčo). Possibly alluding to gr. oniskos '(little) donkey'? |
Онискосов | Oniskosov | of Oniscus | adjective ● hard stem | |
оно | ono | it | pronoun ● | Also used by Punčo as an equivalent of 'then'. |
онова | onova | that | pronoun ● | Used if -va suffix is present (i.e. also for m.sg onomuva, onogova). |
Онурий | Onurii | Honorius | noun ● new i-stem | |
оня | onja | that | pronoun ● | Used if the -ja suffix is present. |
онѫдоу | onǫdu | from there | pronoun ● | CS, see kǫdu for details. |
опаля | opalja | burn | verb ● i-verb | |
опастно | opastno | cautiously | adverb ● | CS |
опаш | opaš | tail | noun ● i-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
опаша | opaša | put a belt on | verb ● e-verb | |
опашка | opaška | tail | noun ● ā-stem | |
опера | opera | lean, fight | verb ● e-verb | |
опирам | opiram | lean, fight | verb ● a-verb | |
опиране | opirane | resistance | noun ● jo-stem | |
опиша | opiša | describe | verb ● e-verb | |
опия | opija | get drunk | verb ● e-verb | |
оплаквам | oplakvam | mourn | verb ● a-verb | |
опленя | oplenja | loot | verb ● i-verb | |
оповивам | opovivam | wrap | verb ● a-verb | |
оповия | opovija | wrap | verb ● e-verb | |
опоити | opoiti | make drunk | verb ● i-verb | CS |
опоꙗсати | opojasati | girdle | verb ● e-verb | CS |
оправдание | opravdanie | justification | noun ● jo-stem | |
оправно | opravno | correctly | adverb ● | |
оправувам | opravuvam | correct | verb ● a-verb | Carski's word. |
оправя | opravja | make clear, put in order | verb ● i-verb | |
опразднея | oprazdneja | become empty | verb ● e-verb | |
опростя | oprostja | forgive | verb ● i-verb | |
опрощавам | oproštavam | forgive | verb ● a-verb | |
опѧт | opęt | again | adverb ● | From the Legend of Troy. |
опѧти | opęti | cover | verb ● irregular | From the Legend of Troy. 1sg.prs opьnǫ, 2sg opьneši. |
ора | ora | plough | verb ● e-verb | |
орало | oralo | plough | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
орание | oranie | ploughing | noun ● jo-stem | |
ораня | oranja | wound | verb ● i-verb | |
оратен | oraten | used for ploughing | adjective ● hard stem | RBE: link |
орач | orač | ploughsman | noun ● jo-stem | |
орда | orda | army | noun ● ā-stem | Carski's word. Mauricio: Ordia 'esercito' |
орел | orel | eagle | noun ● jo-stem | |
Ореш | Oreš | Ares | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. The name is unclear, it is mentioned only once in phrase lakomy mečь oreša kralě, denoting a weapon brought by Ulysses to Achilles during his hiding. |
Орна | Orna | Araunah | noun ● ā-stem | A farmer in times of King David (1 Chron 21:18) |
ортография | ortografija | orthography | noun ● jā-stem | |
оръжие | orъžie | armament, weapon | noun ● jo-stem | CS orǫžie |
оръжно | orъžno | by arms | adverb ● | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
оръжя | orъžja | take arms | verb ● i-verb | |
освен | osven | excluding | adverb ● | Also appears as otsvěn. CS svěně. |
осветя | osvętja | consecrate | verb ● i-verb | |
освободя | osvobodja | liberate | verb ● i-verb | |
освоя | osvoja | appropriate | verb ● i-verb | |
осилост | osilost | pain | noun ● i-stem | Demina et al. 2012:611 - osilost 'stradanie, bolka, mъka' |
оскверня | oskvernja | taint | verb ● i-verb | |
оскубя | oskubja | pluck off | verb ● e-verb | |
оскъден | oskъden | lacking | adjective ● hard stem | |
оскъдно | oskъdno | insufficiently | adverb ● | |
оскърбувам | oskъrbuvam | make sad | verb ● a-verb | |
оскърбя | oskъrbja | make sad | verb ● i-verb | |
ослабявам | oslaběvam | make weak | verb ● a-verb | |
ослепя | oslěpja | become blind | verb ● i-verb | |
осляпувам | oslěpuvam | make blind | verb ● a-verb | |
осми | osmi | eighth | adjective ● hard stem | |
основа | osnova | foundation | noun ● ā-stem | |
основа (2) | osnova (2) | found | verb ● i-verb | |
особено | osobeno | particularly | adverb ● | |
осрамя | osramja | get ashamed | verb ● i-verb | |
оставление | ostavlenie | leaving, remission | noun ● jo-stem | CS, EuthDict link |
оставя | ostavja | leave | verb ● i-verb | |
оставям | ostavjam | leave, stay | verb ● a-verb | |
остана | ostana | remain | verb ● e-verb | |
останок | ostanok | remainder, lot | noun ● o-stem | |
остарея | ostareja | become old | verb ● e-verb | |
остров | ostrov | island | noun ● o-stem | |
Острогом | Ostrogom | Esztergom | noun ● o-stem | Spelling used in Prolog and by Punčo, Miklosich mentions also Ostrigomъ and Ostrogonъ. The name of the city goes likely back to Slavic ptcp.prs.pass *ostrogomъ 'fortified'. |
острогомски | ostrogomski | of Esztergom | adjective ● hard stem | |
острожити | ostrožiti | fortify | verb ● i-verb | CS, Miklosich: ostrožiti 'kharakoun, vallis munire' |
остроумен | ostroumen | clever, acute-minded | adjective ● hard stem | |
остружа | ostruža | scrub | verb ● e-verb | |
остря | ostrja | sharpen | verb ● i-verb | |
остър | ostъr | sharp | adjective ● hard stem | |
осъдник | osъdnik | convict | noun ● o-stem | |
осъдя | osъdja | convict | verb ● i-verb | |
осъждение | osъždenie | judgement | noun ● jo-stem | |
осъжденик | osъždenik | convict | noun ● o-stem | |
осъм | osъm | eight | numeral ● | |
осѫждение | osǫždenie | condemnation | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
от | ot | from | preposition ● with gen | CS otъ |
отай | otai | secretly | adverb ● | CS |
отбия | otbija | repel | verb ● e-verb | |
отбраня | otbranja | defend | verb ● i-verb | |
отбягна | otběgna | run away | verb ● e-verb | |
отвeт | otvet | answer | noun ● o-stem | CS otvětъ |
отварям | otvarjam | open | verb ● a-verb | |
отведа | otveda | lead away | verb ● e-verb | |
отвея | otveja | blow away | verb ● e-verb | |
отводя | otvodja | walk away | verb ● i-verb | |
отворя | otvorja | open | verb ● i-verb | |
отврѣщи | otvrěšti | turn away | verb ● e-verb | CS |
отвървам | otvъrvam | walk away | verb ● i-verb | |
отвържа | otvъrža | unbind | verb ● e-verb | |
отвързвам | otvъrzvam | unbind | verb ● a-verb | |
отвърна | otvъrna | turn away | verb ● e-verb | |
отвърша | otvъrša | complete | verb ● i-verb | BAN I 214: otvъrša, otvъršvam dial. 'svъršvam' |
отвѣщати | otvěštati | answer | verb ● e-verb | CS |
отвѧзати | otvęzati | unbind | verb ● e-verb | CS |
отговарям | otgovarjam | answer | verb ● a-verb | |
отговоря | otgovorja | answer | verb ● i-verb | |
отголя | otgolja | strip | verb ● i-verb | |
отгонвам | otgonvam | scare away | verb ● a-verb | |
отдам | otdam | give in return | verb ● irregular | 3sg.prs otdade |
отдвоя | otdvoja | separate | verb ● i-verb | Unclear, translates CS otskočiti lit. 'jump away'. |
отделя | otdelja | separate | verb ● i-verb | |
отдера | otdera | rip off | verb ● e-verb | |
отдоя | otdoja | raise by feeding | verb ● i-verb | |
отдумам | otdumam | persuade | verb ● a-verb | |
отдъхна | otdъxna | rest | verb ● e-verb | |
отегча | otegča | annoy, make harder | verb ● a-verb | |
отец | otec | father | noun ● jo-stem | CS otьcь |
отечески | otečeski | fatherly | adjective ● hard stem | |
отечество | otečestvo | fatherland | noun ● o-stem | CS |
отзова | otzova | call, respond | verb ● e-verb | |
оти | oti | because | conjunction ● | |
отида | otida | leave, go away | verb ● e-verb | |
откарам | otkaram | chase away | verb ● a-verb | |
откина | otkina | tear off | verb ● e-verb | |
откова | otkova | release from shackles | verb ● e-verb | |
открадна | otkradna | steal | verb ● e-verb | |
откривам | otkrivam | discover, uncover | verb ● a-verb | |
открия | otkrija | discover, uncover | verb ● e-verb | |
откровен | otkroven | uncovered, apparent | adjective ● hard stem | CS otъkrъvenьnъ - a ptcp.aor.pass of otkrъviti. |
откупувам | otkupuvam | buy out | verb ● a-verb | |
откупя | otkupja | buy out | verb ● i-verb | |
откърша | otkъrša | tear apart | verb ● i-verb | RBE: link |
отлетя | otletja | fly away | verb ● i-verb | |
отложа | otloža | put away | verb ● i-verb | |
отлъча | otlъča | separate | verb ● i-verb | |
отлъчвам | otlъčvam | separate | verb ● a-verb | |
отмия | otmija | wash away | verb ● e-verb | |
отмъщение | otmъštenie | revenge | noun ● jo-stem | |
отмятам | otmětam | throw away, renounce | verb ● e-verb | |
отнема | otnema | take away | verb ● e-verb | |
отнеса | otnesa | carry out | verb ● e-verb | |
отнимам | otnimam | take away | verb ● a-verb | |
отнѫдь | otnǫd | totally | adverb ● | CS |
оток | otok | island | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
отпадам | otpadam | fall away, go astray | verb ● a-verb | |
отпадна | otpadna | fall away, go astray | verb ● e-verb | |
отпадник | otpadnik | heretic, apostate | noun ● o-stem | |
отпазя | otpazja | raise | verb ● i-verb | BAN V 11: otpazja 'otgleždam' (Koprivec, Belensko; Sušina, Gornoorjaxovsko) |
отпасти | otpasti | fall away, go astray | verb ● e-verb | CS |
отпея | otpeja | sing through | verb ● e-verb | |
отплатя | otplatja | pay off | verb ● i-verb | |
отпустя | otpustja | forgive | verb ● i-verb | CS |
отпъдя | otpъdja | chase away | verb ● i-verb | |
отрада | otrada | relax, joy | noun ● ā-stem | Miklosich: otrada 'anesis, relaxatio'. BG otrada 'joy' does not fit well into context (Punčo: da+ ne+ smь na otradu). BAN (IV 971) considers the modern BG word a borrowing from RU. |
отредя | otredja | determine | verb ● i-verb | |
отрежа | otreža | cut off | verb ● e-verb | |
отреждам | otreždam | determine | verb ● a-verb | Demina (et al. 641) mentions also the imperfective form otredjavam 'otreždam, otdeljam nešto za njakogo, opredeljam'. |
отрека | otreka | renounce | verb ● e-verb | |
отрина | otrina | vanquish, shove away | verb ● e-verb | |
отричам | otričam | renounce | verb ● a-verb | |
отрия | otrija | sweep | verb ● e-verb | |
отрова | otrova | poison | noun ● ā-stem | |
отровя | otrovja | poison | verb ● i-verb | |
отрок | otrok | serf, slave, baby | noun ● o-stem | Meanings 'serf (feudal)' and 'slave' are newer, but also attested in CS, where otrokъ could also mean 'infantry'. |
отроче | otroče | child, baby | noun ● nt-stem | CS |
отсека | otseka | cut off | verb ● e-verb | |
отсечение | otsečenie | cruelty, massacre | noun ● jo-stem | Miklosich: otъsěčenie 'apotomia, abscissio' |
отслабна | otslabna | weaken | verb ● e-verb | |
отслати | otslati | send away | verb ● e-verb | CS |
отслужа | otsluža | perform a service | verb ● i-verb | |
отстъпя | otstъpja | step away | verb ● i-verb | |
отстъпявам | otstъpjavam | step away | verb ● a-verb | |
отсъдя | otsъdja | convict | verb ● i-verb | |
оттегна | ottegna | withdraw | verb ● e-verb | |
оттечение | ottečenie | flight | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
оттърчам | ottъrčam | run away | verb ● i-verb | |
отфъргам | otfъrgam | take off | verb ● a-verb | |
отфърля | otfъrlja | throw away | verb ● i-verb | |
отхапна | otxapna | bite off | verb ● e-verb | |
отхождам | otxoždam | leave | verb ● a-verb | |
отхождане | otxoždane | leaving | noun ● jo-stem | |
отхраня | otxranja | raise | verb ● i-verb | |
отчаяние | otčajanie | despair | noun ● jo-stem | |
отченаш | otčenaš | Our Father | noun ● jo-stem | Carski: occenasc |
отъвна | otъvna | take away | verb ● e-verb | |
отървам | otъrvam | wrestle, take away by force | verb ● a-verb | |
отъшьствие | otъšьstvie | going | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
оубо | ubo | as, for | conjunction ● | CS |
оуброусъ | ubrus | tablecloth | noun ● o-stem | CS |
оубѣжати | uběžati | run away | verb ● e-verb | CS |
оувы | uvy | woe | interjection ● | CS |
оувѣдѣти | uvěděti | find out | verb ● irregular | CS |
оувѣрение | uvěrenie | belief (in Christ) | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
оувѧдати | uvędati | wither | verb ● e-verb | CS |
оуглѫбѣвати | uglǫběvati | dig deep | verb ● e-verb | CS |
оуготовлıати | ugotovljati | prepare | verb ● e-verb | CS |
оудрѫчевати | udrǫčevati | make stronger | verb ● e-verb | CS |
оужаснѫти | užasnǫti | become terrified | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. Used reflexively: 3sg.aor užase sę '(Hecuba) became terrified'. |
оузрѣти | uzrěti | see | verb ● i-verb | CS |
оукланяти | uklanjati | avoid | verb ● e-verb | CS |
оуклонно | uklonno | compromising | adverb ● | CS |
оукорение | ukorenie | derision | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
оуничижати | uničižati | destroy, become humble | verb ● a-verb | CS |
оуничижити | uničižiti | destroy, become humble | verb ● i-verb | CS |
оупасти | upasti | fall | verb ● e-verb | CS, 1sg.prs upadǫ, 2sg upadeši. |
оупасти (2) | upasti (2) | herd | verb ● e-verb | CS, 1sg.prs upasǫ, 2sg upaseši. |
Оурекшишь | Urekšiš | Ulysses | noun ● jo-stem | |
оуръ | ur | hero | noun ● monosyllabic | From the Legend of Troy. From HU úr 'man, lord' (wiktionary: link). In Serbia, Uroš was being used as a proper name (e.g. of the Grand Prince Uroš I, 1112-1245). |
оуръвати | urъvati | tear down, strike down | verb ● e-verb | CS |
оусадити | usaditi | plant, mount | verb ● i-verb | CS |
оусекновение | usěknovenie | beheading | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
оуслышати | uslyšati | hear | verb ● i-verb | CS |
оусръдствовати | usrъdstvovati | struggle, desire | verb ● e-verb | CS |
оустрашити | ustrašiti | intimidate, become afraid | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. Appearing mostly reflexive, e.g. 3sg.aor oustraši sę 'he became afraid'. |
оусънѫти | usъnǫti | fall asleep | verb ● e-verb | CS |
оусѣкнѫти | usěknǫti | behead | verb ● e-verb | CS |
оутаити | utaiti | hide | verb ● i-verb | CS |
оутварь | utvarь | decoration, jewels | noun ● i-stem | CS |
оутек | utek | run | noun ● o-stem | CS |
оутолити | utoliti | quench | verb ● i-verb | CS |
оутрѣшьнъ | utrěšьn | of morning | adjective ● hard stem | CS. Attested in Supr. as a soft stem (SNSP: link). In the Legend of Troy, the stem is attested with a hardened auslaut as the long form outrěšnyi. |
оухватити | uxvatiti | catch, grasp | verb ● i-verb | CS, Miklosich: uxvatiti 'hairein, capere' |
оухващати | uxvaštati | catch, grasp | verb ● e-verb | CS |
оухранити | uxraniti | save | verb ● i-verb | CS |
оухытити | uxytiti | catch, capture | verb ● i-verb | CS |
оучение | učenie | learning | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
оущедрити | uštedriti | spare, save | verb ● i-verb | CS |
оуязвити | ujazviti | hurt | verb ● i-verb | CS. From the phrase: vъ ljubъvi gorъnei ujazvi dšu moju 'hurt/engulf my soul towards love of the Heavens'. Cf. a discussion here |
ох | ox | o | interjection ● | |
Охрид | Oxrid | Ohrid | noun ● o-stem | |
охридски | oxridski | of Ohrid | adjective ● hard stem | |
оцарити | ocariti | become a king | verb ● i-verb | CS |
оцет | ocet | vinegar | noun ● o-stem | |
очевидно | očevidno | apparently | adverb ● | |
очивѣстно | očivěstno | apparently | adverb ● | Demina et al. 2012:647 - očivěstno 'jasno, otčetlivo' |
очистя | očistja | clean, wash | verb ● i-verb | |
очистявам | očistjavam | clean, wash | verb ● a-verb | |
очищение | očištenie | purification | noun ● jo-stem | |
очувам | očuvam | save, raise | verb ● a-verb | |
още | ošte | yet | adverb ● | CS ešte |
па | pa | and then | conjunction ● | BAN IV 993: pa 'a, no, pъk; i, togava' < pakъ |
Павел | Pavel | Paul | noun ● o-stem | |
Пагажия | Pagažia | Pagos | noun ● jā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Unclear location of Polymestor's kingdom, which was likely somewhere in Thrace. Phonetically, it resembles the name of island Pagos in Croatia. |
пагуба | paguba | destruction | noun ● ā-stem | |
пагубен | paguben | fatal | adjective ● hard stem | |
падам | padam | fall | verb ● a-verb | An e-verb in CS (3sg.prs padaetъ). |
падна | padna | fall | verb ● e-verb | |
Падуа | Padua | Padua | noun ● ā-stem | |
пазар | pazar | market | noun ● o-stem | |
пазуха | pazuxa | armpit | noun ● ā-stem | |
пазя | pazja | guard | verb ● i-verb | |
пак | pak | again | adverb ● | |
паки | paki | again | adverb ● | An older variant of pak? CS also paky. |
пакост | pakost | disturbance, injury | noun ● i-stem | |
палагийски | palagiiski | Pelasgian | adjective ● hard stem | |
Паладия | Paladia | Padia | noun ● jā-stem | A woman healed by Cosmas and Damian. Written as padia by Punčo, but as Pelagia in Prolog. |
Паламидеш | Palamideš | Palamedes | noun ● jo-stem | |
палатие | palatie | palace | noun ● jo-stem | Dialectal variant of palat(a) common in Berl.d., not in dictionaries. |
Палеопатрон | Paleopatron | Patras | noun ● o-stem | Third largest city of Greece, known as Baliabadra (< Paleia Patra) by Ottomans. |
Палестина | Palestina | Palestine | noun ● ā-stem | |
Палеш | Paleš | Pallas | noun ● i-stem | Used besides Peleša and Miněrva in the Legend of Troy, although it is unclear, whether the writer identified them. |
палица | palica | scepter, club | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
Палмида | Palmida | Palamedes | noun ● ā-stem | Variant of Palamedes' name in the Tale of Alexander the Elder. |
паля | palja | burn | verb ● i-verb | |
памет | pamet | memory, mind | noun ● i-stem | The meaning 'mind' (often used to translate CS oumъ) seems to be specific to Punčo. |
памтити | pamtiti | remember | verb ● i-verb | Wiktionary: SC pamtiti, Punčo: 3sg.prs/subj da+ se+ ne+ pamti. Seems to be a Serbism, as BAN VI 34 has only pametuvam (from Gerov, also cf. CS pamętovati 'recordari' in Miklosich). |
паница | panica | pan | noun ● jā-stem | |
Панония | Panonija | Pannonia | noun ● jā-stem | |
панонски | panonski | Pannonian | adjective ● hard stem | |
Пантелей | Pantelei | Pantaleon | noun ● new i-stem | |
Пантелеймон | Panteleimon | Pantaleon | noun ● o-stem | Punčo uses the shorter form of the name Pantelei (or Pantalei) more often. |
Пантелеов | Panteleov | of Pantaleon | adjective ● hard stem | |
папа | papa | pope | noun ● uninflected | |
пара | para | coin | noun ● ā-stem | |
параладисам | paraladisam | rend | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 3pl.prs/opt da go paraladissat. Google: tr. paralamak 'rend'. |
Параскева | Paraskeva | Parascheva | noun ● ā-stem | Gr. Parasxeѵē 'Friday', lit. '(day) of preparation', also the Greek variant of St. Petka's name. The form Paraskevi can be interpreted both as Greek sg.nom and as sg.gen (CS Paraskevy) or even dat (if we take Paraskevi as an old ī-stem). |
Паргаторио | Pargatorio | Purgatory | noun ● o-stem | Carski's word - the concept is a typical one for Catholic theology. The first -a- likely denotes the middle vowel. |
Париж | Pariž | Paris | noun ● jo-stem | In the Legend of Troy, the name is sometimes written farižь, which has otherwise the meaning 'horse'. |
Партений | Partenii | Parthenius | noun ● new i-stem | |
парче | parče | piece | noun ● nt-stem | BAN IV 76: parče 'kъs, čast', < tr. parça < per. pārčā |
паса | pasa | herd, graze | verb ● e-verb | |
пасти | pasti | fall | verb ● e-verb | CS - used for the root aorist forms like 2/3sg pade. |
пастир | pastir | shepherd | noun ● jo-stem | CS pastyrь |
Пастырежичищь | Pastyrevičišt | son of a shepherd | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. The epithet of young Paris. The suffixes -č- and -št- are etymologically from the same source - a Croatian and a Bulgarian reflex. |
патерица | paterica | crutch | noun ● jā-stem | |
патима | patima | suffering | noun ● ā-stem | RBE: link, from gr. paѳēma |
патриаршески | patriaršeski | of patriarch | adjective ● hard stem | |
патриаршия | patriaršija | Patriarchate | noun ● jā-stem | |
патрярх | patriarx | patriarch | noun ● o-stem | |
патя | patja | fare | verb ● i-verb | |
Пафлагон | Paflagon | Paphlagonia | noun ● o-stem | |
паче | pače | more | adverb ● | CS |
паяжина | pajažina | web | noun ● ā-stem | |
паѫчина | paǫčina | web | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
певец | pevec | singer | noun ● jo-stem | |
педепсам | pedepsam | educate | verb ● a-verb | BAN V 124: pedepsam (se) 'vъzpitavam (se), griža (se)' < ngr. aor. pedepsa na paideѵō |
пек | pek | sun heat | noun ● monosyllabic | |
пека | peka | bake | verb ● e-verb | |
пелена | pelena | diaper | noun ● ā-stem | |
Пелеша | Peleša | Pallas | noun ● jā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Seems related to Palešь, but used for Artemis. Veleša in Pypin's edition - the name may have been an allusion to the Slavic god, as in the case of King Koeta. |
Пелешин | Pelešin | of Pallas | adjective ● hard stem | |
пелин | pelin | wormwood | noun ● o-stem | |
пена | pena | foam | noun ● ā-stem | CS pěna |
пение | penie | singing, Psalms | noun ● jo-stem | CS pěnie. RBE: link |
пепел | pepel | ash | noun ● o-stem | |
пернат | pernat | feathery | adjective ● hard stem | |
перо | pero | feather, pen | noun ● o-stem | |
перси | persi | Persians | noun ● o-stem | Plural seems to be more common in dictionariers (RBE: link). |
персийски | persiiski | Persian | adjective ● hard stem | |
песен | pesen | song | noun ● i-stem | CS pěsnь |
пет | pet | five | numeral ● | CS pętь |
пета | peta | heel | noun ● ā-stem | CS pęta |
пети | peti | fifth | adjective ● hard stem | |
петина | petina | group of five | noun ● ā-stem | |
Петичев | Petičev | of Petič | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. The surname of Pilotašь, i.e. Polypoetes, son of Pirithous. Veselovskij (1888:80) deciphers the name as Philoctetes Poeantides. |
Петка | Petka | Petka | noun ● ā-stem | The Slavic variant of St. Parascheva's name (CS Pętka). |
Петров | Petrov | Peter's | adjective ● hard stem | |
петък | petъk | Friday | noun ● o-stem | |
Петър | Petъr | Peter | noun ● o-stem | CS Petrъ, BG Petъr |
печал | pečal | sorrow | noun ● i-stem | |
печалба | pečalba | revenue | noun ● ā-stem | |
печаля | pečalja | worry | verb ● i-verb | RBE: link |
печат | pečat | seal | noun ● i-stem | |
печатен | pečaten | printed | adjective ● hard stem | |
пеш | peš | on foot | adjective ● hard stem | CS pěšь |
пеши | peši | on foot | adverb ● | |
пещ | pešt | furnace | noun ● i-stem | |
пещен | pešten | of furnace | adjective ● hard stem | |
пещера | peštera | cave | noun ● ā-stem | |
пещи | pešti | care | verb ● e-verb | CS; 1sg pekǫ, 2sg pečeši |
пея | peja | sing | verb ● e-verb | |
пила | pila | saw | noun ● ā-stem | |
Пилат | Pilat | Pilate | noun ● o-stem | |
Пилатов | Pilatov | Pilate's | adjective ● hard stem | |
пиле | pile | birdling | noun ● nt-stem | |
Пилоташ | Pilotaš | Polypoetes | noun ● jo-stem | |
Пилуса | Pilusa | Pilusa | noun ● ā-stem | Unclear, possibly Pylos (today Navarino)? |
пипам | pipam | touch | verb ● a-verb | |
пиргос | pirgos | tower | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. From gr. pyrgos. There is also a sg.loc form pirźě. |
пирон | piron | nail | noun ● o-stem | |
писание | pisanie | letter, scripture | noun ● jo-stem | |
писател | pisatel | writer | noun ● jo-stem | |
писец | pisec | painter, scribe | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
писмо | pismo | letter | noun ● n-stem | |
писна | pisna | cease to care | verb ● e-verb | Unclear; rechnik.chitanka: pisna mi 'omrъzna mi, dotegna mi' |
писувам | pisuvam | write | verb ● a-verb | |
писък | pisъk | screech | noun ● o-stem | |
питам | pitam | ask | verb ● a-verb | |
питие | pitie | drink | noun ● jo-stem | |
питовен | pitoven | tame, domestic | adjective ● hard stem | |
питувам | pituvam | ask | verb ● a-verb | Dialectal iterative variant of pitam (BAN V 265). CS pytati 'zētein, quaerere'. |
питувам (2) | pituvam (2) | feed | verb ● a-verb | Re-verbalized root used in words like pitoven lit. 'for feeding (at home)', and thus 'domestic' (see above), pitatel 'feeding'. Possibly Punčo's own word (3sg.prs pituetь). CS pitati 'trephein, alere, educare'. |
пиша | piša | write | verb ● e-verb | |
пишман | pišman | repenting | adjective ● uninflected | Carski: piscman. BAN V 277: pišman 'kojto săžaljava za nešto izvăršeno ot nego' < per. pišīmān 'kojto otposle se razmislja' |
пищя | pištja | squeal | verb ● i-verb | |
пия | pija | drink | verb ● e-verb | |
пиян | pijan | drunk | adjective ● hard stem | |
пияница | pijanica | drunkard | noun ● jā-stem | |
пиянство | pijanstvo | (excessive) drinking | noun ● o-stem | |
плавам | plavam | swim, sail | verb ● a-verb | |
плавогривѣстъ | plavogrivěst | blond-haired | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. Used as an epithet for Paris' horse. |
пладне | pladne | noon | noun ● jo-stem | |
пламен | plamen | flame | noun ● n-stem | |
пламък | plamъk | flame | noun ● o-stem | |
планина | planina | mountains | noun ● ā-stem | |
платно | platno | cloth | noun ● o-stem | |
Платон | Platon | Plato | noun ● o-stem | |
платя | platja | pay | verb ● i-verb | |
плач | plač | cry | noun ● jo-stem | |
плача | plača | cry, weep | verb ● e-verb | |
плачевен | plačeven | weeping | adjective ● hard stem | |
плаша | plaša | scare off | verb ● i-verb | |
плащам | plaštam | pay | verb ● a-verb | |
плевница | plevnica | barn | noun ● jā-stem | |
племе | pleme | tribe | noun ● n-stem | |
плен | plen | captivity | noun ● o-stem | |
пленя | plenja | capture | verb ● i-verb | CS plěniti |
пленявам | plenjavam | capture | verb ● a-verb | |
плет | plet | fence | noun ● monosyllabic | According to rechnik.chitanka, both pletove and pletišta could be used as a plural form. |
плета | pleta | weave | verb ● e-verb | |
плешив | plešiv | bald | adjective ● hard stem | |
плещи | plešti | shoulders | noun ● jo-stem | An old dual. |
пловдивски | plovdivski | of Plovdiv | adjective ● hard stem | Used as an epithet of King Philipp of Macedon, father of Alexander the Great. |
плод | plod | fruit | noun ● o-stem | |
плоден | ploden | fruitful | adjective ● hard stem | |
плодовит | plodovit | fruitful | adjective ● hard stem | |
плот | plot | fence | noun ● monosyllabic | |
плоча | ploča | slab | noun ● jā-stem | |
плувам | pluvam | swim | verb ● a-verb | |
плът | plъt | flesh | noun ● i-stem | Punčo also uses a general meaning 'living beings, life forms'. |
плътен | plъten | of flesh | adjective ● hard stem | |
пляскам | plěskam | clap | verb ● a-verb | |
по | po | after, along, according to | preposition ● with dat ('along') or loc ('after') | |
по (2) | po (2) | (comparative particle) | particle ● comparative | |
победа | pobeda | victory | noun ● ā-stem | CS poběda |
победвам | pobedvam | defeat, gain victory | verb ● a-verb | |
победител | pobeditel | victor | noun ● o-stem | |
победоносец | pobedonosec | bringer of victory | noun ● jo-stem | |
победя | pobedja | defeat, gain victory | verb ● i-verb | |
побеснея | pobesneja | become mad | verb ● e-verb | |
побеснява | pobesněva | become mad | verb ● a-verb | |
побивам | pobivam | beat a little | verb ● a-verb | |
побия | pobija | beat a little | verb ● e-verb | |
поболея | poboleja | hurt, become ill | verb ● e-verb | |
побързам | pobъrzam | haste | verb ● a-verb | |
побягна | poběgna | run away | verb ● e-verb | |
повдигам | povdigam | raise, lift | verb ● a-verb | |
повдигна | povdigna | raise, lift | verb ● e-verb | |
поведа | poveda | lead | verb ● e-verb | |
повеление | povelenie | order | noun ● jo-stem | |
повеля | povelja | give an order | verb ● i-verb | |
повест | povest | story, history | noun ● i-stem | CS pověstь |
повести | povesti | drive | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. 1sg.prs povezǫ, 2sg povezeši |
повече | poveče | more | adverb ● | |
повечерям | povečerjam | have a dinner | verb ● a-verb | |
повивам | povivam | wrap | verb ● a-verb | |
повикам | povikam | call | verb ● a-verb | |
повия | povija | wrap | verb ● e-verb | |
повлека | povleka | crawl, drag | verb ● e-verb | |
поводя | povodja | lead | verb ● i-verb | |
повора | povora | string | noun ● ā-stem | |
повоювам | povojuvam | conquer | verb ● a-verb | |
повратя | povratja | return, vomit | verb ● i-verb | |
повращам | povraštam | return, vomit | verb ● a-verb | |
повредя | povredja | harm | verb ● i-verb | |
поврѣщи | povrěšti | throw | verb ● e-verb | CS; 1sg povrьgǫ, 2sg povrьžeši |
повторя | povtorja | repeat | verb ● i-verb | |
повърна | povъrna | return | verb ● e-verb | BG povărna se 'return', povărna 'vomit'. Punčo uses the original meaning 'return' also with the non-reflexive form. |
повярвам | pověrvam | become a believer | verb ● a-verb | |
повѣдати | povědati | tell | verb ● irregular | From the Legend of Troy. |
погадя | pogadja | scold | verb ● i-verb | |
погазя | pogazja | stomp | verb ● i-verb | |
поганен | poganen | heathen | adjective ● hard stem | |
погасна | pogasna | be extinguished | verb ● e-verb | |
погибел | pogibel | perdition | noun ● i-stem | CS pogybělь, pogyblь |
погина | pogina | perish | verb ● e-verb | |
погинувам | poginuvam | perish | verb ● a-verb | |
поглед | pogled | view, stare | noun ● o-stem | |
погледам | pogledam | watch | verb ● a-verb | |
погледна | pogledna | look | verb ● e-verb | |
погледувам | pogleduvam | look | verb ● a-verb | |
погнуся | pognusja | become disgusted | verb ● e-verb | |
погодя | pogodja | make peace | verb ● i-verb | |
погорвам | pogorvam | burn (a number of things) | verb ● a-verb | |
погоря | pogorja | burn (a number of things) | verb ● i-verb | |
погреба | pogreba | bury | verb ● e-verb | |
погрешен | pogrěšen | faulty | adjective ● hard stem | |
погрознея | pogrozneja | become ugly | verb ● e-verb | |
погубвам | pogubvam | destroy, lose | verb ● a-verb | |
погубление | pogublenie | destruction, perdition | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
погубя | pogubja | destroy, lose | verb ● i-verb | |
погълна | poglъna | devour | verb ● e-verb | |
погълна | pogъlna | swallow | verb ● e-verb | |
погълтам | pogъltam | swallow | verb ● a-verb | |
погыбнѫти | pogybnǫti | perish | verb ● e-verb | CS |
под | pod | under | preposition ● with inst (locative) or acc (lative) | |
подавам | podavam | render | verb ● a-verb | |
подавник | podavnik | subject, vassal | noun ● o-stem | RBE: link |
подавя | podavja | drown | verb ● i-verb | |
подам | podam | render | verb ● irregular | 3sg.prs podade |
подарувам | podaruvam | give a gift | verb ● a-verb | |
подбера | podbera | begin, raise, attack | verb ● e-verb | Punčo uses the first meaning ('begin'). For other uses, RBE: link |
подвзема | podvzema | continue, resolve | verb ● e-verb | |
подвиг | podvig | heroic deed | noun ● o-stem | |
подвигнѫти | podvignǫti | resolve | verb ● e-verb | CS |
подвижник | podvižnik | resolute one | noun ● o-stem | |
подвизати | podvizati | strive, raise | verb ● e-verb | CS |
подеквам | podekvam | quarrel | verb ● a-verb | BAN I 334: dekam, dekvam, dekna 'karam se, vikam', < de (2) 'meždumetie za podkarvane na dobiče', (3) 'častica za podkanvane' |
подема | podema | lift | verb ● e-verb | Irregular in CS: EuthDict podъęti, 1sg.prs podъimǫ 'izdigna, priema' (link) |
подивя | podivja | be amazed | verb ● i-verb | |
подир | podir | along | preposition ● | |
подкана | podkana | resolution | noun ● ā-stem | |
подканлив | podkanliv | resolute | adjective ● hard stem | |
подканя | podkanja | decide | verb ● i-verb | |
подкладя | podkladja | start a fire | verb ● i-verb | |
подливам | podlivam | pour the bottom | verb ● a-verb | |
подмажа | podmaža | smear | verb ● e-verb | |
подместя | podmestja | sublate | verb ● i-verb | |
подновя | podnovja | renew | verb ● i-verb | |
поднося | podnosja | wear new clothes daily | verb ● i-verb | rechnik.chitanka: podnosvam 'započvam da nosja nova drexa vseki den' |
подобавам | podobavam | be appropriate | verb ● a-verb | |
подобати | podobati | have to, be appropriate | verb ● e-verb | Miklosich: podobati 'dein, oportere' |
подобен | podoben | appropriate, similar | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
подосадя | podosadja | become annoying | verb ● i-verb | |
подоя | podoja | breastfeed | verb ● i-verb | |
подпаля | podpalja | ignite, set on a fire | verb ● i-verb | |
подписвам | podpisvam | subscribe, signature | verb ● a-verb | |
подпиша | podpiša | subscribe, signature | verb ● e-verb | |
подпожарвам | podpožarvam | ignite, set on a fire | verb ● a-verb | |
подражавам | podražavam | imitate | verb ● a-verb | An e-verb in CS. |
подсвоя | podsvoja | appropriate, take | verb ● i-verb | |
подслоня | podslonja | take cover | verb ● i-verb | |
подсмея | podsměja | laugh off | verb ● e-verb | |
подстрижа | podstriža | shorten hair (make one a monk) | verb ● e-verb | |
подумам | podumam | tell | verb ● a-verb | Demina et al. 2012:690 - podumam 'produmam, kaža nešto, progovorja' |
подъклонити | podъkloniti | incline | verb ● i-verb | CS |
подържа | podъrža | hold | verb ● i-verb | |
поема | poema | take | verb ● e-verb | CS poęti, 2sg.prs poimeši |
поемам | poemam | take | verb ● a-verb | CS poimati, 2sg.prs poimaeši or poemleši |
пожаля | požalja | feel sorry | verb ● i-verb | |
пожелая | poželaja | wish | verb ● e-verb | |
поживея | poživeja | live for some time | verb ● e-verb | |
позастарея | pozastareja | become old | verb ● e-verb | |
позден | pozden | late | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
поздравя | pozdravja | greet | verb ● i-verb | |
позлатя | pozlatja | golden | verb ● i-verb | |
познавам | poznavam | know | verb ● a-verb | |
позная | poznaja | know, understand | verb ● e-verb | |
позова | pozova | call | verb ● e-verb | |
поискам | poiskam | wish | verb ● a-verb | |
пойграя | poigraja | play a little | verb ● e-verb | |
пойда | poida | go, leave | verb ● e-verb | |
покадя | pokadja | put incense | verb ● i-verb | |
покажа | pokaža | show | verb ● e-verb | |
показвам | pokazvam | show | verb ● a-verb | |
покайвам | pokaivam | repent | verb ● a-verb | |
покая | pokaja | repent | verb ● e-verb | |
покаяние | pokajanie | repentance | noun ● jo-stem | |
покланявам | poklonjavam | bow down, worship | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 3sg.aor pokloneva (se) |
покланям | poklanjam | bow down, worship | verb ● a-verb | |
поклон | poklon | kneeling | noun ● o-stem | |
поклонение | poklonenie | worship | noun ● jo-stem | |
поклоня | poklonja | worship, bow, give a present | verb ● i-verb | The meaning 'worship' is common everywhere in Slavic, requiring a reflexive construction. The meaning 'give a present', attested in Punčo's Sbornik, is also known from SC, it is considered "archaic" by RBE. |
поклѧкнѫти | poklęknǫti | bow down | verb ● e-verb | CS |
покои | pokoi | peace, rest | noun ● jo-stem | |
поколебая | pokolebaja | tilt | verb ● e-verb | |
покора | pokora | penance | noun ● ā-stem | Carski: pocora. BAN V 483: pokora 'globa, nakazanie; kanon, cărkovno nakazanie'; slk. pokora 'humilitas' . |
покорение | pokorenie | humbleness | noun ● jo-stem | |
покорлив | pokorliv | humble | adjective ● hard stem | |
покорно | pokorno | humbly | adverb ● | |
покоря | pokorja | subdue | verb ● i-verb | |
покривало | pokrivalo | cover, sheet | noun ● o-stem | |
покривам | pokrivam | cover | verb ● a-verb | |
покрия | pokrija | cover | verb ● e-verb | |
покров | pokrov | cover | noun ● o-stem | The meaning is broader in CS, in mod. BG it is limited to sheets used in church and covering the dead, or poetically (RBE: here). |
покровител | pokrovitel | protector | noun ● jo-stem | |
покръстя | pokrъstja | baptize | verb ● i-verb | |
покъпя | pokъpja | bathe | verb ● e-verb | |
пол | pol | sex, half | noun ● monosyllabic | Denotes the biological gender in modern BG. The CS polъ has a broader meaning 'side' (RBE: Miklosich). |
пола | pola | skirt | noun ● ā-stem | |
полагам | polagam | lay down | verb ● a-verb | |
полата | polata | palace | noun ● ā-stem | |
поле | pole | field | noun ● jo-stem | |
полежа | poleža | lay a little | verb ● i-verb | |
полезен | polezen | useful | adjective ● hard stem | CS polьzьnъ |
полея | poleja | pour | verb ● e-verb | |
полза | polza | use, good | noun ● ā-stem | |
Полидворуш | Polidvoruš | Polydorus | noun ● jo-stem | |
полижа | poliža | lick | verb ● e-verb | |
Поликшена | Polikšena | Polyxena | noun ● ā-stem | |
Полинещер | Polinešter | Polymestor | noun ● o-stem | |
политика | politika | politics | noun ● ā-stem | |
половина | polovina | half | noun ● ā-stem | |
положа | položa | place | verb ● i-verb | |
полски | polski | of field | adjective ● hard stem | |
полудея | poludeja | become mad | verb ● e-verb | |
полунощ | polunošt | midnight | noun ● i-stem | |
полунощен | polunošten | northern | adjective ● hard stem | |
получа | poluča | receive | verb ● i-verb | |
получавам | polučavam | receive | verb ● a-verb | |
получение | polučenie | receipt | noun ● jo-stem | |
полюбити | poljubiti | kiss | verb ● i-verb | CS |
поляна | poljana | glade | noun ● ā-stem | |
помагам | pomagam | help | verb ● a-verb | |
помажа | pomaža | smear | verb ● e-verb | |
помен | pomen | rememberance | noun ● o-stem | |
помена | pomena | remember | verb ● e-verb | |
поменувам | pomenuvam | remember | verb ● a-verb | |
поместя | pomestja | move | verb ● i-verb | |
помета | pometa | sweep | verb ● e-verb | |
помилвам | pomilvam | have mercy | verb ● a-verb | |
помина | pomina | pass, perish | verb ● e-verb | |
поминам | pominam | remember | verb ● a-verb | |
поминувам | pominuvam | pass, perish | verb ● a-verb | |
помирати | pomirati | perish | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
помириша | pomiriša | smell | verb ● e-verb | |
помислювам | pomisljuvam | think | verb ● a-verb | Demina et al. 2012:708 - pomysljuvam 'pomisljam, razsъždavam vъrxu nešto' |
помисля | pomislja | think | verb ● i-verb | |
помисъл | pomisъl | thought | noun ● i-stem | |
помня | pomnja | remember | verb ● i-verb | |
помогна | pomogna | help | verb ● e-verb | |
помогнувам | pomognuvam | help | verb ● a-verb | |
помоля | pomolja | pray | verb ● i-verb | |
помор | pomor | plague | noun ● o-stem | BAN V 512: pomor 'epidemija' |
помощ | pomošt | help | noun ● i-stem | |
помощник | pomoštnik | helper | noun ● o-stem | |
помощница | pomoštnica | helper (fem.) | noun ● jā-stem | |
помра | pomra | die out | verb ● e-verb | |
помрача | pomrača | darken | verb ● e-verb | |
помрачавам | pomračavam | darken | verb ● a-verb | |
помръкна | pomrъkna | become dark | verb ● e-verb | |
помряти | pomrěti | perish | verb ● e-verb | CS |
помышляти | pomyšljati | consider, think about | verb ● e-verb | CS |
понеже | poneže | because | conjunction ● | |
понеса | ponesa | carry | verb ● e-verb | |
поникнѫти | poniknǫti | look down | verb ● e-verb | CS |
понуждати | ponuždati | need | verb ● e-verb | CS; EuthDict gives both ponouždati and ponǫždati as one lemma. |
пообладати | poobladati | conquer | verb ● e-verb | CS |
поотдъхна | pootdъxna | have a little rest | verb ● e-verb | |
поп | pop | priest | noun ● monosyllabic | |
попадам | popadam | fall (a number of things) | verb ● a-verb | |
попаля | popalja | burn (a number of things) | verb ● i-verb | |
попаса | popasa | graze a little | verb ● e-verb | |
попечение | popečenie | effort | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
попирати | popirati | renounce | verb ● e-verb | CS |
попитам | popitam | ask | verb ● a-verb | |
поплача | poplača | cry a little | verb ● e-verb | |
попов | popov | priest's | adjective ● hard stem | |
попразнувам | popraznuvam | celebrate | verb ● a-verb | |
попущение | popuštenie | permit | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
попържа | popъrža | roast a bit | verb ● i-verb | |
поработя | porabotja | work a bit, subjugate | verb ● i-verb | Miklosich: porabotati 'douloun, subigere'. Punčo prefers the CS meaning. |
поради | poradi | because | preposition ● | CS po+radi - the first element governs dative or locative, and the second, genitive |
поразоумѣти | porazouměti | perceive, understand | verb ● e-verb | CS |
поразувам | porazuvam | kill, defeat, strike | verb ● a-verb | |
поразя | porazja | kill, defeat, strike | verb ● i-verb | |
порастя | porastja | grow a little | verb ● e-verb | |
поревна | porevna | zealously wish | verb ● a-verb | Demina et al. 2012:717 - porevna se, porevne mi se 'priiska mi se, porevne se mi nešto' |
поробение | porobenie | enthrallment | noun ● jo-stem | Lemma is not found in our dictionaries in the given form (the closest is that of Miklosich: poroblenije 'servitus'), although it is common in literature. |
поробя | porobja | enthrall, subdue | verb ● i-verb | |
пород | porod | birth, fruit, offspring | noun ● o-stem | BAN V 530 - porod 'rožba, plod, zavrъz' (Gerov) |
породя | porodja | give birth | verb ● i-verb | |
пороня | poronja | shed | verb ● i-verb | |
порося | porosja | sprinkle | verb ● i-verb | |
порочен | poročen | tainted | adjective ● hard stem | CS - usually appears in negation, i.e. as neporočen 'untainted'. BAN V 531: porok 'osъditelen nedostatъk na xaraktera' |
поругание | poruganie | derision | noun ● jo-stem | |
поръча | porъča | give order | verb ● i-verb | |
поръчам | porъčam | give order | verb ● a-verb | |
порѫчьник | porǫčьnik | witness, warrant | noun ● o-stem | CS |
посадя | posadja | mount, get into | verb ● i-verb | |
посакам | posakam | ask for something | verb ● a-verb | |
посвестя | posvestja | come to senses | verb ● i-verb | |
посветя | posvetja | canonize, dedicate | verb ● i-verb | Modern BG posvetja means 'dedicate'. Appears with an abbreviated root. The meaning in Tixon.d. goes back to CS (Miklosich - posvęštati 'sanctificare'). |
посвоювам | posvojuvam | appropriate | verb ● a-verb | |
посегна | posegna | reach, touch | verb ● e-verb | CS posęgnǫti |
поседя | posedja | sit a little | verb ● i-verb | |
посека | poseka | cut down | verb ● e-verb | |
посея | poseja | sow | verb ● e-verb | |
посипвам | posipvam | spill on | verb ● a-verb | |
посипя | posipja | spill on | verb ● e-verb | |
поскръжити | poskrъžiti | gnaw a bit | verb ● i-verb | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael |
посланица | poslanica | message | noun ● jā-stem | CS? |
послати | poslati | send | verb ● e-verb | CS |
после | posle | afterwards | adverb ● | |
последвам | posledvam | follow | verb ● a-verb | |
последен | posleden | last, following | adjective ● hard stem | |
последок | posledok | final | noun ● o-stem | |
послугувам | posluguvam | serve | verb ● a-verb | |
послужа | posluža | serve | verb ● i-verb | |
послушам | poslušam | obey, listen | verb ● a-verb | |
послушлив | poslušliv | obeying | adjective ● hard stem | |
послушник | poslušnik | apprentice, follower | noun ● o-stem | CS poslušьnikъ 'auditor' |
послѣжде | poslěžde | afterwards | adverb ● | CS |
посмех | posměx | mockery | noun ● o-stem | |
посмея | posměja | laugh a little, mock | verb ● e-verb | |
пособити | posobiti | help | verb ● i-verb | CS |
пособьница | posobьnica | helper (fem.) | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
посока | posoka | direction | noun ● ā-stem | |
посоча | posoča | point | verb ● i-verb | |
поспа | pospa | sleep a little | verb ● i-verb | |
поспѣти | pospěti | be succesful, reach, benefit | ● e-verb | CS |
поспѣхъ | pospěx | haste | noun ● o-stem | CS |
поспѣшение | pospěšenie | success, progress, help, zeal | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
поспѣшити | pospěšiti | give help, haste | verb ● i-verb | CS |
поспѣшьствовати | pospěšьstvovati | give help | verb ● e-verb | CS |
посрамя | posramja | put a shame | verb ● i-verb | |
посред | posred | in the middle | preposition ● with gen | |
посредствен | posredstven | mediated | adjective ● hard stem | |
посрещна | posreštna | meet | verb ● e-verb | |
пост | post | fasting | noun ● o-stem | |
поставя | postavja | place, build | verb ● i-verb | |
поставям | postavjam | place, build | verb ● a-verb | |
постеля | postelja | couch | noun ● jā-stem | |
постеля (2) | postelja (2) | make a bed | verb ● i-verb | |
постен | posten | of fasting | adjective ● hard stem | |
постене | postene | fasting | noun ● jo-stem | |
постигна | postigna | reach, attain | verb ● e-verb | |
постилка | postilka | bedding | noun ● ā-stem | |
постник | postnik | hermit | noun ● o-stem | |
постница | postnica | hermit woman | noun ● jā-stem | RBE: link |
постоя | postoja | stay a little | verb ● i-verb | |
пострадам | postradam | suffer | verb ● a-verb | |
пострахувам | postraxuvam | fear a little, suffer | verb ● a-verb | Punčo maybe used the word instead of postradam. |
постя | postja | fast | verb ● i-verb | |
посъдя | posъdja | judge | verb ● i-verb | |
посърна | posъrna | become dull | verb ● e-verb | |
посягам | posjagam | reach | verb ● e-verb | CS posęgati |
пот | pot | sweat | noun ● i-stem | |
потаен | potaen | secret | adjective ● hard stem | |
потайно | potaino | secretly | adverb ● | |
потапям | potapjam | sink | verb ● a-verb | |
потая | potaja | hide | verb ● i-verb | |
потворник | potvornik | slanderer | noun ● o-stem | CS |
потегля | poteglja | suffer | verb ● i-verb | |
потегна | potegna | stretch | verb ● e-verb | |
потека | poteka | flow | verb ● e-verb | |
потен | poten | sweaty | adjective ● hard stem | |
потом | potom | then | adverb ● | CS po tomь (sg.loc) 'after that'. |
потонѫти | potonǫti | sink | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
потоп | potop | flood | noun ● o-stem | |
потопа | potopa | flood | noun ● ā-stem | |
потопя | potopja | drown | verb ● i-verb | |
потопявам | potopjavam | sink | verb ● a-verb | |
потража | potraža | search a little | verb ● i-verb | |
потреба | potreba | use, need | noun ● ā-stem | |
потребен | potreben | needed | adjective ● hard stem | |
потребия | potrebija | need, goods | noun ● jā-stem | Used as a jā-stem by Punčo, possibly going back to a n.pl form of CS potrebie. Neither the form nor the meaning 'goods' are found in BG dictionaries (e.g. BAN V 559, Demina et al. 2011:732). |
потребя | potrebja | annihilate, consume | verb ● i-verb | CS potrěbiti, ipf. potrěbljati |
потреперя | potreperja | tremble a little | verb ● i-verb | |
потреса | potresa | shake a little | verb ● e-verb | |
потретя | potretja | repeat again | verb ● i-verb | |
Потриколуш | Potrikoluš | Patroclus | noun ● jo-stem | |
потропа | potropa | knock | verb ● e-verb | |
потрудя | potrudja | work a bit, concentrate | verb ● i-verb | Reflexive - potrudja se. |
потрѣбовати | potrěbovati | need | verb ● e-verb | CS |
потрѫбити | potrǫbiti | ● | ||
потъмнея | potъmneja | become dark | verb ● e-verb | |
потъна | potъna | drown | verb ● e-verb | |
потъпквам | potъpkvam | dishonor | verb ● a-verb | |
потъпя | potъpja | dishonor | verb ● i-verb | |
потърпя | potъrpja | make suffer | verb ● i-verb | |
потърся | potъrsja | search a little | verb ● i-verb | |
потъщати | potъštati | struggle | verb ● i-verb | CS |
поуча | pouča | teach | verb ● i-verb | CS poučiti, 1sg.prs poučǫ, 2sg poučiši |
поучителен | poučitelen | teaching | adjective ● hard stem | CS poučatelьnъ |
пофала | pofala | praise | noun ● ā-stem | BG poxvala |
пофана | pofana | hold | verb ● e-verb | BG poxvana |
пофуля | pofulja | curse | verb ● i-verb | A dialectal variant of poxulja. |
похвала | poxvala | praise | noun ● ā-stem | |
похвален | poxvalen | praising | adjective ● hard stem | |
похваля | poxvalja | praise | verb ● i-verb | |
походвам | poxodvam | walk a bit, visit | verb ● a-verb | |
похоротувам | poxorotuvam | chat | verb ● a-verb | RBE: xorotja (Demina 2021:1084). Other spellings include xoratuvam (RBE: link), xortuvam (rechnik.chitanka: link) etc. |
похотен | poxoten | lustful | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
похракати | poxrakati | clear throat | verb ● e-verb | CS |
похраня | poxranja | feed a bit | verb ● i-verb | |
похуля | poxulja | curse | verb ● i-verb | |
поцелувам | poceluvam | kiss | verb ● a-verb | |
почакам | počakam | wait a little | verb ● a-verb | |
почекна | počekna | injure | verb ● e-verb | rechnik.chitanka: čekna 'raztvarjam mnogo silno, do bolka' |
почест | počest | honor (act of honoring) | noun ● i-stem | |
почестно | počestno | honorably | adverb ● | |
почета | početa | honor, celebrate | verb ● e-verb | |
почетен | početen | respectable | adjective ● hard stem | |
почетлив | početliv | respectful | adjective ● hard stem | |
почина | počina | lay to rest (die) | verb ● e-verb | |
почитам | počitam | honor, celebrate | verb ● a-verb | |
почна | počna | begin | verb ● e-verb | CS počęti. If used as an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235) |
почръсти | počrъsti | draw water | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. Also počrěti. |
почто | počto | why | conjunction ● | CS. Its construction (po+čьto lit. 'for what') is identic in sense to later BG zašto. |
почудя | počudja | wonder | verb ● i-verb | |
почуя | počuja | hear | verb ● e-verb | |
почьстити | počьstiti | honor | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
пошегувам | pošeguvam | have fun | verb ● a-verb | |
поя | poja | give a drink | verb ● i-verb | |
поям | pojam | eat a little | verb ● irregular | 3sg.prs pojade |
пояс | pojas | belt | noun ● o-stem | |
прабаба | prababa | foremother | noun ● ā-stem | |
прав | prav | right, just | adjective ● hard stem | |
правда | pravda | truth, justice | noun ● jā-stem | |
правдина | pravdina | truth, justice | noun ● ā-stem | Carski's word. Mauricio: Praudina 'giustizia' |
праведен | praveden | righteous | adjective ● hard stem | CS pravьdьnъ |
праведник | pravednik | righteous | noun ● o-stem | |
праведно | pravedno | righteously | adverb ● | |
правило | pravilo | prayer manual | noun ● o-stem | |
правител | pravitel | maker | noun ● jo-stem | |
право | pravo | rightly | adverb ● | |
правоверен | pravoveren | orthodox | adjective ● hard stem | |
правоверно | pravoverno | orthodoxly | adverb ● | |
православен | pravoslaven | orthodox | adjective ● hard stem | |
православие | pravoslavie | orthodoxy | noun ● jo-stem | Miklosich: pravoslavie 'theologia'. The meaning 'orthodoxy' is likely newer (while, of course, preceding the label "Orthodoxy" for Eastern churches), but histdict.uni-sofia has already a lemma pravoslovьcь 'orѳodoѯos'. |
правя | pravja | make | verb ● i-verb | |
прадед | praded | forefather | noun ● o-stem | |
празен | prazen | empty | adjective ● hard stem | CS prazdьnъ |
празник | praznik | feast, holiday | noun ● o-stem | CS prazdьnikъ |
празнина | praznina | vanity | noun ● ā-stem | RBE: link |
празнувам | praznuvam | have a feast | verb ● a-verb | |
праотец | praotec | forefather | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
пратя | pratja | send | verb ● i-verb | Punčo uses the verb often with an imperfective meaning. |
прах | prax | dust | noun ● monosyllabic | An o-stem in CS. |
пре | pre | for | preposition ● with acc? (in SK) | CS pro, po. A Slovakism? |
пребивам | prebivam | dwell | verb ● a-verb | The prefix corresponds to CS prě- |
пребивание | prebivanie | dwelling | noun ● jo-stem | CS prěbyvanie |
пребитлък | prebitlъk | profit | noun ● o-stem | Punčo's word, translating CS pribytъkъ, with the (originally Turkish) abstract suffix -lъk. |
преблагословя | preblagoslovja | exceedingly bless | verb ● i-verb | |
преблажен | preblažen | most blessed | adjective ● hard stem | |
преборя | preborja | defeat | verb ● i-verb | |
преброя | prebroja | count through | verb ● i-verb | |
пребъда | prebъda | spend time | verb ● e-verb | |
пребягна | preběgna | run to the other side | verb ● e-verb | |
преваря | prevarja | overtake | verb ● i-verb | |
преведа | preveda | transfer, translate | verb ● e-verb | CS prěvesti |
превелик | prevelik | most great | adjective ● hard stem | |
превзема | prevzema | overtake | verb ● e-verb | |
превръщам | prevrъštam | convert, turn | verb ● a-verb | |
превържа | prevъrža | bind over | verb ● e-verb | |
превърна | prevъrna | convert, turn | verb ● e-verb | |
прегреша | pregreša | transgress | verb ● i-verb | |
прегрешение | pregrešenie | sin | noun ● jo-stem | |
пред | pred | in front | preposition ● with inst (locative) or acc (lative) | CS prědъ |
преда | preda | weave | verb ● e-verb | |
предавам | predavam | give over, betray | verb ● a-verb | |
предам | predam | give over, betray | verb ● irregular | 3sg.prs predade |
предание | predanie | betrayal | noun ● jo-stem | |
предател | predatel | betrayer | noun ● jo-stem | |
предваря | predvarja | overtake | verb ● i-verb | |
предвечен | predvečen | preceding the ages | adjective ● hard stem | |
предел | predel | border | noun ● o-stem | CS prědělъ |
преден | preden | foremost | adjective ● hard stem | |
предивен | prediven | most wondrous | adjective ● hard stem | |
предисловие | predislovie | introduction | noun ● jo-stem | |
предраг | predrag | most dear | adjective ● hard stem | CS (Miklosich: prědragъ 'hypertimios, summo honore habendus'), but found in Carski (as f.sg pridraga). |
предстана | predstana | stand in front | verb ● e-verb | |
предстателство | predstatelstvo | defence, help | noun ● o-stem | |
предстателствовати | predstatelstvovati | stand in front | verb ● e-verb | |
предстоя | predstoja | stand in front | verb ● i-verb | |
предстоятел | predstojatel | representative | noun ● jo-stem | |
Предтеча | Predteča | Forerunner | noun ● jā-stem | An attribute of John the Baptist. |
предумам | predumam | persuade | verb ● a-verb | |
предумвам | predumvam | persuade | verb ● a-verb | |
прежде | prežde | previously, earlier | adverb ● | CS prěžde |
прежен | prežen | previous, ancient | adjective ● hard stem | CS prěždьnь |
преживея | preživeja | live through | verb ● e-verb | |
през | prez | through | preposition ● with gen | CS prezъ |
презвитер | prezviter | presbyter | noun ● o-stem | |
презра | prezra | ignore, disregard | verb ● e-verb | |
преклоня | preklonja | bend | verb ● i-verb | |
прекрасен | prekrasen | most beautiful | adjective ● hard stem | |
прекрия | prekrija | cover | verb ● e-verb | |
прекръстя | prekrъstja | cross (gesture) | verb ● i-verb | |
прекъсна | prekъsna | interrupt | verb ● e-verb | |
прелея | preleja | pour out | verb ● e-verb | |
прелукав | prelukav | most evil | adjective ● hard stem | |
прелъст | prelъst | deception, seduction | noun ● i-stem | |
прелъстник | prelъstnik | deceiver | noun ● o-stem | |
прелъстя | prelъstja | deceive, seduce | verb ● i-verb | |
прелъстявам | prelъstjavam | deceive, seduce | verb ● a-verb | |
прелъщам | prelъštam | deceive, seduce | verb ● a-verb | |
прелъщение | prelъštenie | deception, seduction | noun ● jo-stem | |
прелюбодейница | preljubodeinica | adulterous woman | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
прелюбодейство | preljubodeistvo | adultery | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
прелюбодеяние | preljubodejanie | adultery | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
премагам | premagam | overpower, prevail | verb ● a-verb | |
пременя | premenja | change clothes | verb ● i-verb | |
пременяване | premenjavane | changing of clothes | noun ● jo-stem | |
премилостив | premilostiv | most merciful | adjective ● hard stem | |
премина | premina | pass through | verb ● e-verb | |
преминавам | preminavam | pass through | verb ● a-verb | |
премлъквам | premlъkvam | conceal | verb ● a-verb | |
премлъкна | premlъkna | become silent | verb ● e-verb | |
премног | premnog | most numerous | adjective ● hard stem | |
премога | premoga | overpower, prevail | verb ● e-verb | |
премъдри | premъdri | most wise | adjective ● hard stem | |
премъдрост | premъdrost | superior wisdom | noun ● i-stem | |
премяна | preměna | clothes | noun ● ā-stem | |
пренеса | prenesa | transfer, translate | verb ● e-verb | |
пренощевам | prenoštevam | spend night | verb ● a-verb | |
преобража | preobraža | transfigure | verb ● i-verb | |
преобращам | preobraštam | turn over | verb ● a-verb | |
преобърна | preobъrna | turn over | verb ● e-verb | |
преора | preora | plow through | verb ● e-verb | |
преосвещен | preosvešten | most holy | adjective ● hard stem | |
препирам | prepiram | argue | verb ● a-verb | |
преписувам | prepisuvam | rewrite | verb ● a-verb | |
препиша | prepiša | rewrite | verb ● e-verb | |
преподобен | prepodoben | Reverend | adjective ● hard stem | An attribute of hermit saints (like Petka). |
преподобие | prepodobie | sainthood | noun ● jo-stem | |
препоясание | prěpojasanie | loincloth | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
препрославя | preproslavja | praise a lot | verb ● i-verb | |
пререкател | prerekatel | contender | noun ● jo-stem | Likely based on CS prěrešti 'erizein, contendere'. |
пресатона | presatona | deceive, persuade | verb ● i-verb | A not fully clear verb used e.g. in chapters 042 and 063, likely related to sotona 'Satan', satunosvam 'izmamvam' (BAN VI 511). |
пресветъл | presvětъl | most shiny | adjective ● hard stem | |
пресвят | presvęt | most holy | adjective ● hard stem | |
преседя | presedja | sit for some time | verb ● i-verb | |
пресилвам | presilvam | force | verb ● a-verb | |
пресиля | presilja | force | verb ● i-verb | |
Преслав | Preslav | Preslav | noun ● o-stem | |
преславен | preslaven | most glorious | adjective ● hard stem | |
преставам | prestavam | cease | verb ● a-verb | |
преставление | prestavlenie | transposition, death | noun ● jo-stem | CS prěstavlenie 1. 'metathesis, transpositio', 2. 'metastasis, amotio', 3. 'transitus', 4. 'koimēsis, mors' |
преставя | prestavja | adjust, die | verb ● i-verb | |
престана | prestana | cease | verb ● e-verb | CS prěstati |
престол | prestol | throne | noun ● o-stem | CS prěstolъ |
преструвам | prestruvam | transform | verb ● a-verb | |
престъпвам | prestъpvam | step over, transgress | verb ● a-verb | |
престъпление | prestъplenie | transgression | noun ● jo-stem | |
престъпя | prestъpja | step over, transgress | verb ● i-verb | |
пресуша | presuša | dry through | verb ● i-verb | |
пресъхна | presъxna | dry through | verb ● e-verb | |
претварявам | pretvarjavam | change into, turn | verb ● e-verb | |
претворя | pretvorja | change into, turn | verb ● i-verb | |
претека | preteka | pursue, overtake | verb ● e-verb | |
претичам | pretičam | pursue | verb ● a-verb | |
претрия | pretrija | smear | verb ● e-verb | |
претърпя | pretъrpja | suffer through | verb ● i-verb | |
претя | pretja | forbid, intimidate, threaten | verb ● i-verb | RBE: link. |
префана | prefana | take over | verb ● e-verb | BG prexvana |
прехапя | prexapja | bite through | verb ● e-verb | |
прехвално | prexvalno | praiseworthily | adverb ● | BG |
прехубав | prexubav | most beautiful | adjective ● hard stem | |
пречестен | prečesten | most honorable | adjective ● hard stem | |
пречист | prečist | most pure | adjective ● hard stem | |
пречистя | prečistja | purify | verb ● i-verb | |
при | pri | by | preposition ● with loc | |
прибежище | pribežište | refuge | noun ● jo-stem | |
прибера | pribera | come home | verb ● e-verb | |
прибивам | pribivam | beat | verb ● a-verb | |
прибия | pribija | beat | verb ● e-verb | |
приближа | približa | come closer | verb ● i-verb | |
приближавам | približavam | come closer | verb ● a-verb | |
прибързя | pribъrzja | accelerate | verb ● i-verb | |
прибыти | pribyti | become more | verb ● irregular | From the Legend of Troy. |
прибягна | priběgna | run to | verb ● e-verb | |
приведа | priveda | lead in | verb ● e-verb | |
привеждам | priveždam | lead in | verb ● a-verb | |
привеза | priveza | bind on | verb ● e-verb | BAN I 128: veza, vežem (1) 'vrъzvam' < CS vęzati, 1.sg.prs vęžǫ |
привезвам | privezvam | bind on | verb ● a-verb | |
привидение | prividenie | vision | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
привикам | privikam | yell, moan | verb ● a-verb | |
привикувам | privikuvam | yell, moan | verb ● a-verb | |
привлачам | privlačam | bring (by pulling) | verb ● a-verb | |
привлека | privleka | bring (by pulling) | verb ● e-verb | |
приводя | privodja | bring in | verb ● i-verb | RBE: link |
пригледам | prigledam | watch | verb ● a-verb | |
пригледвам | prigledvam | watch | verb ● a-verb | |
пригонити | prigoniti | drive, move closer | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
приготвя | prigotvja | prepare | verb ● i-verb | |
приготвям | prigotvjam | prepare | verb ● a-verb | |
пригрея | prigreja | heat up | verb ● e-verb | |
пригърна | prigъrna | embrace | verb ● e-verb | |
придам | pridam | add | verb ● irregular | RBE: dam |
придежски | pridežski | of Pedasus | adjective ● hard stem | See above. Although used in plural (pridežьskyǫ otoky), following sentences speak of only one island, likely denoting the area around Pedasus, which is, indeed, separated by a river from the rest of Troas. Veselovskij (1888:83) traces the episode (fight between Achilles and Tenes) to Ovid, who has Lesbon there. |
Придеш | Prideš | Pedasus | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. The name also appears spelled prišedъ, likely under influence of the ptcp.aor.act of priti, thus denoting 'the king, who had come (to Troas)'. Original spelling may have been *Pidašь (< pēdasus). |
Придичев | Pridičev | of Pridič | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. Unclear name of the father of Palamideš (i.e. Palamedes - son of Nauplius in the Epic Cycle). Translated by Ruseva as 'Friksov'. |
приединити | priediniti | unite | verb ● i-verb | CS; Miklosich: prijediniti sę 'unire' |
приема | priema | accept, receive | verb ● e-verb | CS prięti. Punčo sometimes makes a nǫ-stem from it (e.g. da priemne), likely to emphasize the perfective meaning. |
приемам | priemam | accept, receive | verb ● a-verb | |
прижийски | prižiiski | of Pedasus, Phrygian | adjective ● hard stem | See above. |
Прижия | Prižia | Pedasus, Phrygia | noun ● jā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Unclear, mentioned as the city of Prideš (Pedasus?), but also as the tribe, from which Ajax originated (island of Salamis in the Epic Cycle). |
призиздати | prizizdati | add a building | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
призирам | priziram | watch | verb ● a-verb | RBE: link |
призова | prizova | call, invite | verb ● e-verb | |
призовавам | prizovavam | call, invite | verb ● a-verb | |
призра | prizra | look with favor | verb ● e-verb | Miklosich: prizrěti 'epiblepein, inspicere' |
приида | priida | come | verb ● e-verb | |
прикажа | prikaža | tell | verb ● e-verb | Also used in sense 'make oneself known' by Punčo. |
приказ | prikaz | story | noun ● o-stem | |
приказвам | prikazvam | tell | verb ● a-verb | |
приказване | prikazvane | story | noun ● jo-stem | |
приказка | prikazka | story, fantasy | noun ● ā-stem | |
прикарам | prikaram | bring | verb ● a-verb | |
приклонити | prikloniti | cline | verb ● i-verb | CS |
прикосна | prikosna | come closer | verb ● e-verb | |
прикривя | prikrivja | bend | verb ● i-verb | |
прикривяваm | prikrivjavam | bend | verb ● a-verb | |
прикъсна | prikъsna | shorten, interrupt | verb ● e-verb | |
прилагам | prilagam | be possible, lay down, be similar, add | verb ● a-verb | CS prilagati, prilěgati (e-verb) |
прилазя | prilazja | crawl to | verb ● i-verb | |
прилегна | prilegna | be possible, lay down, be similar, add | verb ● e-verb | |
прилежание | priležanie | hard work | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
прилежен | priležen | hard working | adjective ● hard stem | CS both priležьnъ and prilěžьnъ. |
прилежно | priležno | duly | adverb ● | |
прилепя | prilepja | stick | verb ● i-verb | |
прилика | prilika | looks | noun ● ā-stem | |
приличам | priličam | be similar, appropriate | verb ● a-verb | |
приличен | priličen | similar, appropriate | adjective ● hard stem | |
приложа | priloža | lay | verb ● i-verb | |
прилоучити | prilučiti | happen, appear | verb ● i-verb | CS priloučiti sę 'accidere' |
примиря | primirja | make peace | verb ● i-verb | |
примъкнѫти | primъknǫti | bring, moor (a ship) | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
примъчна | primъčna | become torturing | verb ● e-verb | |
принеса | prinesa | bring | verb ● e-verb | |
принесение | prinesenie | delivery | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
приникна | prinikna | lean | verb ● e-verb | BAN IV 645: prinikna 'naveždam se' |
принося | prinosja | bring | verb ● i-verb | |
припадам | pripadam | fall to | verb ● a-verb | |
припадна | pripadna | fall to | verb ● e-verb | |
припасти | pripasti | fall to | verb ● e-verb | CS. See above pasti. |
припека | pripeka | heat up | verb ● e-verb | |
припечеля | pripečelja | gain additionally | verb ● i-verb | |
припиша | pripiša | write a note | verb ● e-verb | |
приплакам | priplakam | cry | verb ● a-verb | |
приплаша | priplaša | scare off | verb ● i-verb | |
припсувам | pripsuvam | curse | verb ● a-verb | |
приристати | priristati | haste to | verb ● e-verb | CS |
природен | priroden | additionally born | adjective ● hard stem | |
прискръбен | priskrъben | sad | adjective ● hard stem | |
прислушник | prislušnik | eavesdropper, servant | noun ● o-stem | Miklosich: prislušati 'obedire' |
присмеся | prismesja | mix among | verb ● i-verb | Not in dictionaries, Berl.d.-editor uses it to translate sъlikъstvovati. |
присмех | prismex | mockery | noun ● o-stem | |
присмехулка | prismexulka | mocking woman | noun ● ā-stem | BAN V 732 |
присмея | prisměja | mock | verb ● e-verb | |
присмивам | prismivam | mock | verb ● a-verb | |
присно | prisno | always | adverb ● | CS |
приспети | prispěti | reach | verb ● e-verb | CS |
приставин | pristavin | servant | noun ● ethno-stem | BAN V 734: pristav 'načalnik na policejski učastăk', dial. 'rataj, sluga' |
пристана | pristana | land (a ship) | verb ● e-verb | |
пристанище | pristanište | harbor | noun ● jo-stem | |
пристъпя | pristъpja | step closer | verb ● i-verb | |
присъдя | prisъdja | assign by judgement | verb ● i-verb | |
присъждам | prisъždam | assign by judgement | verb ● a-verb | |
притека | priteka | run to | verb ● e-verb | CS pritěkati |
притча | pritča | story | noun ● jā-stem | CS pritъča |
прифана | prifana | hold closely | verb ● e-verb | |
приходя | prixodja | come | verb ● i-verb | |
прихождам | prixoždam | come | verb ● a-verb | |
причестя | pričestja | communicate, take part (in Eucharist) | verb ● i-verb | CS pričęstiti |
причета | pričeta | count among | verb ● e-verb | |
причитам | pričitam | honor | verb ● a-verb | |
причьтъ | pričьtъ | clergy | noun ● o-stem | CS |
причѧщавам | pričęštavam | communicate, eat | verb ● a-verb | Punčo uses both e and a in the root. |
причѧщати | pričęštati | communicate, eat | verb ● e-verb | CS |
причѧщение | pričęštenie | Eucharist | noun ● jo-stem | CS. BAN V 685: prečest 'pričastie'; BAN V 743: pričastie 'vino s prosfora, davano na xristijani po vreme na pričastjavane, komka' |
пришествие | prišestvie | advent, coming | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
пришълец | prišъlec | newcomer | noun ● jo-stem | CS prišьlьcь; in Punčo we also find spelling prišalecь. |
пробивам | probivam | break through | verb ● a-verb | |
проблѣдѣти | problěděti | become pale | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
пробода | proboda | pierce | verb ● e-verb | |
проваждам | provaždam | spend | verb ● a-verb | |
проваля | provalja | break | verb ● i-verb | |
проведа | proveda | lead through | verb ● e-verb | |
провидя | providja | see through | verb ● i-verb | |
проводя | provodja | spend (time) | verb ● i-verb | |
провождам | provoždam | spend (time) | verb ● a-verb | |
провождание | provoždanie | spending (time) | noun ● jo-stem | |
провъзвѣстити | provъzvěstiti | announce | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
прогледам | progledam | start to see | verb ● a-verb | |
прогледвам | progledvam | start to see | verb ● a-verb | |
прогнѣвати | progněvati | anger | verb ● e-verb | CS |
прогънати | progъnati | expel | verb ● e-verb | CS, 1sg.prs proženǫ |
продавам | prodavam | sell | verb ● a-verb | |
продаване | prodavane | selling | noun ● jo-stem | |
продам | prodam | sell | verb ● a-verb | |
продумам | produmam | start to speak | verb ● a-verb | |
продумвам | produmvam | start to speak | verb ● a-verb | |
прозвание | prozvanie | name | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
прозирам | proziram | begin to see | verb ● a-verb | |
прозорец | prozorec | window | noun ● jo-stem | |
прозра | prozra | begin to see | verb ● i-verb | |
проида | proida | pass | verb ● e-verb | |
произведа | proizveda | produce | verb ● e-verb | |
произида | proizida | originate | verb ● e-verb | |
проказа | prokaza | evil, leprosy | noun ● ā-stem | |
проказувам | prokazuvam | declare | verb ● a-verb | Unclear, Punčo's word is likely based on kazvam 'say'. BAN V 754 also mentions prokaznik 'nemirnik, ludetina' (likely a RU influence, but based on CS prokaziti 'kill, abort pregnancy'), and 'declare something crazy' would fit into the context. |
проклинам | proklinam | curse | verb ● a-verb | |
проклятие | proklętie | curse | noun ● jo-stem | BG prokljatie. Punčo sometimes makes an jā-stem out of it (sg.acc golemu prokletiju). |
Прокопий | Prokopii | Procopius | noun ● new i-stem | |
Прокопов | Prokopov | of Procopius | adjective ● hard stem | The form mit -ov is commonly used by Punčo. |
прокълна | prokъlna | curse | verb ● e-verb | The adj. proklet 'accursed' is handled as a past participle (Vmpa) of this lemma. The participle is indeed used in passive constructions like da bude prokletь 'may he be accursed'. |
пролазя | prolazja | crawl through | verb ● i-verb | |
пролетен | proleten | of spring | adjective ● hard stem | |
пролея | proleja | spend, pour | verb ● e-verb | |
проливам | prolivam | spend, pour | verb ● a-verb | |
пролог | prolog | foreword | noun ● o-stem | |
промина | promina | pass | verb ● e-verb | CS prominǫti |
проминавам | prominavam | pass | verb ● a-verb | |
пронорьливъ | pronorьliv | evil | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
пропаст | propast | abyss | noun ● i-stem | |
проповядам | propovědam | announce | verb ● a-verb | |
проповядание | propovědanie | announcement | noun ● jo-stem | |
проповядник | propovědnik | herold | noun ● o-stem | |
пропъдя | propъdja | expel | verb ● i-verb | |
прорастя | prorastja | abundantly grow | verb ● e-verb | |
прорежа | proreža | cut through | verb ● e-verb | |
прорека | proreka | tell a prophecy | verb ● e-verb | |
пророк | prorok | prophet | noun ● o-stem | |
пророкоубиица | prorokoubiica | murderer of prophets | noun ● jā-stem | Attributed to Herod II for the beheading of John the Baptist (e.g. Mt 14:1-12). |
пророкувам | prorokuvam | prophesize | verb ● a-verb | |
пророчески | proročeski | prophetic | adjective ● hard stem | |
пророчествам | proročestvam | prophesize | verb ● a-verb | |
пророчество | proročestvo | prophecy | noun ● o-stem | CS |
пророчица | proročica | prophetess | noun ● jā-stem | |
просветвам | prosvetvam | enlighten | verb ● a-verb | |
просветна | prosvetna | enlighten, begin to shine | verb ● e-verb | |
просветя | prosvětja | enlighten, begin to shine | verb ● i-verb | |
просветя (2) | prosvętja | consecrate | verb ● i-verb | |
просия | prosija | begging | noun ● jā-stem | |
просияя | prosijaja | shine | verb ● e-verb | |
проскудно | proskudno | less | adverb ● | Unclear. Berl.d.-editor uses it to translate comparative mьněe 'less'. It seems to relate to CS oskǫdьno 'parce'. |
прославление | proslavlenie | praise | noun ● jo-stem | RBE: link |
прославя | proslavja | praise | verb ● i-verb | |
прославям | proslavjam | praise | verb ● a-verb | |
прост | prost | simple | adjective ● hard stem | |
просто | prosto | simply | adverb ● | |
простота | prostota | simplicity | noun ● ā-stem | |
простра | prostra | stretch | verb ● e-verb | |
пространен | prostranen | wide | adjective ● hard stem | |
простя | prostja | forgive | verb ● i-verb | |
просълзя | prosъlzja | shed tears | verb ● i-verb | |
прося | prosja | beg, ask | verb ● i-verb | |
просяк | prosjak | beggar | noun ● o-stem | |
Протатон | Protaton | Protaton | noun ● o-stem | A church on Mount Athos. |
протегля | proteglja | receive, suffer | verb ● i-verb | |
протегна | protegna | stretch | verb ● e-verb | |
против | protiv | against | preposition ● with dat | CS protivǫ or protivъ |
противен | protiven | hostile | adjective ● hard stem | |
противник | protivnik | enemy | noun ● o-stem | CS |
противно | protivno | hostile | adverb ● | |
противя | protivja | stand in front | verb ● i-verb | |
протръбя | protrъbja | blow a trumpet | verb ● i-verb | |
проусьць | prusьcь | pacing horse | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
прохладя | proxladja | cool | verb ● i-verb | |
проход | proxod | corridor, toilet | noun ● o-stem | The latter meaning is not mentioned in dictionaries. Punčo uses the phrase na proxodъ da idemъ twice to translate CS nuždě byti tělesněi. |
проходя | proxodja | have a walk, pass | verb ● i-verb | |
процветя | procvetja | bloom | verb ● i-verb | |
проче | proče | moreover | adverb ● | In CS could be handled also as an adjective (e.g. inaaže pročaa, jaže kъ sьměreniju). |
прочести | pročesti | read | verb ● e-verb | CS - comes in a fixed phrase following titles of texts (bl-goslovi o-če, pročesti m-litvami s-tyx o-cь). |
прочета | pročeta | read | verb ● e-verb | |
прочуя | pročuja | become famous, begin to hear | verb ● e-verb | |
прошение | prošenie | prayer, wish | noun ● jo-stem | |
прощавам | proštavam | forgive | verb ● a-verb | |
прощение | proštenie | forgiveness | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
проявя | projavja | show | verb ● i-verb | |
пруг | prǫg | locust | noun ● o-stem | Miklosich: prǫgъ 'akris, locusta' |
пружа | pruža | stretch | verb ● i-verb | |
пръвѣ | prъvě | first | adverb ● | CS |
пръвѣн | prъvěn | first | adverb ● | Demina et al. 2012:790 - prъvěn 'pъrvom, naj-napred' |
пръст | prъst | finger | noun ● jo-stem | |
пръст (2) | prъst (2) | soil | noun ● i-stem | |
пръстен | prъsten | ring | noun ● jo-stem | |
пръстен (2) | prъsten (2) | of soil | adjective ● hard stem | |
пряко | prěko | directly | adverb ● | |
прѣблазнити | prěblazniti | deceive | verb ● i-verb | CS |
прѣведение | prěvedenie | translation, transformation | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
прѣвратити | prěvratiti | convert, turn | verb ● i-verb | CS |
прѣвъзносити | prěvъznositi | elevate oneself | verb ● i-verb | CS |
прѣвыше | prěvyše | exceeding | adverb ● | CS |
прѣделѣвати | prědelěvati | defeat | verb ● e-verb | CS |
прѣдъстояние | prědъstojanie | excellency | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
прѣисподьнъ | prěispodьnъ | low, of the lowest sphere | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
прѣити | prěiti | get over | verb ● e-verb | CS |
прѣложити | prěložiti | move, transport | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
прѣлюбы | prěljuby | adultery | noun ● ū-stem | From the Legend of Troy. The attested form is indeed prěljuby, although the context would expect an accusative form. |
прѣлѣпъ | prělěp | most beautiful | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
прѣпослоушати | prěposlušati | disobey | verb ● e-verb | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. Miklosich has only the verbal noun prěposlušanie 'parakoē, inobedientia'. |
прѣсвѣтловати | prěsvětlovati | shine through | verb ● e-verb | CS |
прѣсподьнъ | prěspodьn | deepest | adjective ● hard stem | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael |
прѣходити | prěxoditi | pass, perish | verb ● i-verb | CS |
прѣѧти | prěęti | receive, conquer | verb ● e-verb | Miklosich: prěęti, 1sg.prs prěimǫ 'lambanein, prehendere', in later sources also 'sfeterizesthai, usurpare'. Demina (et al. 2012:751) mentions priema in the meaning 'conquer', but she does not list the forms like 3sg.aor prěe, met several times in Tixon.d. edition of Petka (e.g. here), among examples. In Vuković 1536 other lemmas are used (e.g. here). BAN (V:644) mentions only preem denoting a measure for carpets ('nešto kato mjarka za visočina na iztъkaneto pri kotlenskite kilimi'). |
Прѣꙗмоушевъ | Prějamušev | of Priam | adjective ● hard stem | |
Прѣꙗмоушь | Prějamuš | Priam | noun ● jo-stem | |
псалм | psalm | Psalm | noun ● o-stem | |
псе | pse | dog | noun ● nt-stem | CS pьsъ. Rather pejorative meaning in modern BG. |
псувам | psuvam | curse | verb ● a-verb | Usually written with a ѱ- in older sources. |
псуване | psuvane | cursing | noun ● jo-stem | |
птица | ptica | bird | noun ● jā-stem | |
пукам | pukam | break up | verb ● a-verb | |
пукна | pukna | break up | verb ● e-verb | |
Пуно | Puno | Puno | noun ● o-stem | |
Пунчо | Punčo | Punčo | noun ● jo-stem | Likely a more familiar variant of author's name. |
пусат | pusat | weapon | noun ● o-stem | Carski's word. BAN V 859: pusat 'orъžie' < tr. pusat < gr. fōssaton < lat. fussatum |
пусатли | pusatli | armed man | noun ● new i-stem | Carski's word, mostly used in plural (e.g. hora pusatlie, Soltate pusatlie). |
пускам | puskam | let | verb ● a-verb | |
пуст | pust | deserted | adjective ● hard stem | |
пустинен | pustinen | of desert | adjective ● hard stem | |
пустиня | pustinja | desert | noun ● jā-stem | CS pustynja |
пустя | pustja | let | verb ● i-verb | Punčo uses the form puštim for 1sg.prs |
пущение | puštenie | release, shot | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
пчела | pčela | bee | noun ● ā-stem | |
пшеница | pšenica | wheat | noun ● jā-stem | |
пъкъл | pъkъl | hell | noun ● o-stem | |
пълен | pъlen | full | adjective ● hard stem | |
пълзя | pъlzja | crawl | verb ● i-verb | |
пъприще | pъprište | stadium (distance), mile | noun ● jo-stem | Form chosen according to Demina et al. 2012:820 - pъprište 'mjarka za razstojanie, okolo 185 m'. BG poprište 'battlefield' is from RU, CS has both forms with /o/ and /ъ/. |
първен | pъrven | original, first | adjective ● hard stem | RBE: link |
първенец | pъrvenec | first one | noun ● jo-stem | |
първенство | pъrvenstvo | primacy, primogeniture | noun ● o-stem | Miklosich: prъvěnьstvo 'prōtotokeia, primogenitura'. Punčo uses the CS meaning rather than the modern one ('championship, race'). |
първенче | pъrvenče | first one | noun ● nt-stem | |
първи | pъrvi | first | adjective ● hard stem | Ordinal numerals are handled as adjectives in annotation. The default form is always long. |
първо | pъrvo | first | adverb ● | |
първообразен | pъrvoobrazen | primordial | adjective ● hard stem | |
първороден | pъrvoroden | first-born | adjective ● hard stem | |
пържа | pъrža | roast | verb ● i-verb | |
път | pъt | (marker of repetition) | noun ● i-stem | Lemma used for phrases like tri pъti 'three times'; different from pǫt 'way'. |
път | pǫt | way | noun ● irregular | Pl. pъtišta (e.g. here). Another lemma pъt (pl. pъti) is used for counting. CS pǫtь was an i-stem. |
пътен | pъten | of a travel, regular | adjective ● hard stem | Carski: n.sg patno. Likely reflects the second meaning bentioned in RBE (link). |
пътечка | pъtečka | path | noun ● ā-stem | RBE: link |
пътник | pъtnik | traveller | noun ● o-stem | |
пътувам | pъtuvam | travel | verb ● a-verb | |
пясък | pěsъk | sand | noun ● o-stem | |
раб | rab | servant, slave | noun ● monosyllabic | |
раба | raba | servant, slave | noun ● ā-stem | |
работа | rabota | work, thing, matter | noun ● ā-stem | |
работати | rabotati | work | verb ● e-verb | CS |
работен | raboten | hardworking, working | adjective ● hard stem | |
работник | rabotnik | worker | noun ● o-stem | |
работя | rabotja | work | verb ● i-verb | |
рагоуильскъ | raguilski | Argive | adjective ● hard stem | |
рад | rad | glad | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
радвам | radvam | be happy | verb ● a-verb | CS radovati, 1sg.prs radujǫ, 2sg radueši |
ради | radi | for the sake of | preposition ● with gen | A postposition in CS. |
Радомир | Radomir | Radomir | noun ● o-stem | |
радост | radost | joy | noun ● i-stem | |
радостен | radosten | joyful | adjective ● hard stem | |
радя | radja | care | verb ● i-verb | BAN VI 145: radja 'zaljagam za nešto, imam si go na um, griža se' |
раждам | raždam | give birth | verb ● a-verb | |
раждещи | raždešti | engulf in flames | verb ● e-verb | CS |
раз | raz | at once | adverb ● | |
разбера | razbera | understand | verb ● e-verb | Punčo uses it in the meaning 'find' in the chapter 075. |
разбивам | razbivam | break | verb ● a-verb | |
разбирам | razbiram | understand | verb ● a-verb | |
разбия | razbija | break | verb ● e-verb | |
разбойник | razboinik | robber | noun ● o-stem | |
разболея | razboleja | become ill | verb ● e-verb | |
разбудя | razbudja | wake up | verb ● i-verb | |
разваля | razvalja | destroy | verb ● i-verb | |
развалям | razvaljam | destroy | verb ● a-verb | |
развеселя | razveselja | make happy | verb ● i-verb | |
развеселявам | razveseljavam | make happy | verb ● a-verb | |
развея | razveja | cast into wind | verb ● e-verb | |
развращавам | razvraštavam | stir, incite unrest | verb ● a-verb | |
развържа | razvъrža | untie | verb ● e-verb | |
развѣ | razvě | excluding | adverb ● | CS |
разгневя | razgnevja | become angry | verb ● i-verb | CS razgněviti, 1sg.prs razgněvljǫ, 2sg razgněviši |
разгнѣвати | razgněvati | become angry | verb ● e-verb | CS; 1sg.prs razgněvajǫ, 2sg razgněvaeši |
разговарям | razgovarjam | discuss | verb ● a-verb | |
разговоря | razgovorja | dissuade | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
разгоря | razgorja | engulf in flames | verb ● i-verb | |
разграбя | razgrabja | plunder | verb ● i-verb | |
разгъна | razgъna | unfold | verb ● e-verb | |
разгърна | razgъrna | open up | verb ● e-verb | |
раздавам | razdavam | give away | verb ● a-verb | |
раздам | razdam | give away | verb ● irregular | |
раздвоя | razdvoja | separate into two | verb ● i-verb | |
разделен | razdelen | separable | adjective ● hard stem | CS razdělьnъ |
разделение | razdelenie | separation | noun ● jo-stem | |
разделя | razdelja | separate, distribute | verb ● i-verb | |
раздера | razdera | tear | verb ● e-verb | |
раздробя | razdrobja | pulverize | verb ● i-verb | |
раздумам | razdumam | consolate | verb ● a-verb | Punčo seems to use the verb with the meaning 'convince'. |
разжегна | razžegna | ignite | verb ● e-verb | |
разиграя | razigraja | stir | verb ● e-verb | |
разида | razida | disassemble | verb ● e-verb | Demina et al. 2012:836 - razida se 'razotida se' |
разкажа | razkaža | tell | verb ● e-verb | |
разкарам | razkaram | start arguing | verb ● a-verb | |
разкарвам | razkarvam | expel, start arguing | verb ● a-verb | |
разкопая | razkopaja | dig out | verb ● e-verb | |
различен | različen | different | adjective ● hard stem | |
разложа | razloža | disassemble | verb ● i-verb | |
разлъча | razlъča | part ways, separate | verb ● i-verb | |
разлъчвам | razlъčvam | part ways, separate | verb ● a-verb | |
размеся | razmesja | mix | verb ● i-verb | |
размешение | razměšenie | mixing | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
размирица | razmirica | unrest | noun ● jā-stem | |
размътя | razmъtja | stir | verb ● i-verb | |
разнеса | raznesa | spread by carrying | verb ● e-verb | |
разнишам | raznišam | stir | verb ● a-verb | BAN IV 663: raznišam 'vălnuvam, razigravam, razbărkvam, razljuljavam' |
разно | razno | differently | adverb ● | RBE: link, CS razьno. |
разнося | raznosja | spread by carrying | verb ● i-verb | |
разоравам | razoravam | destroy | verb ● a-verb | |
разорение | razorenie | destruction | noun ● jo-stem | |
разоря | razorja | destroy | verb ● i-verb | |
разоумление | razumlenie | understanding | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
разпадам | razpadam | fall apart | verb ● a-verb | |
разпаля | razpalja | ignite | verb ● i-verb | |
разпоря | razporja | tear up, unsew | verb ● i-verb | |
разпра | razpra | dispute | noun ● ā-stem | |
разпратя | razpratja | distribute | verb ● i-verb | |
разпростра | razprostra | spread | verb ● e-verb | |
разпространя | razprostranja | spread, distribute | verb ● i-verb | |
разпукам | razpukam | break | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 3pl.aor/impf raspopakaha (a mispelling?) |
разпъдя | razpъdja | expel | verb ● i-verb | |
разпъна | razpъna | crucify | verb ● e-verb | CS raspęti, 1.sg.prs. raspьnǫ. Used also for ptcp.aor.pass raspeti 'crucified', commonly appearing as an attribute of Jesus Christ. |
разпятие | razpętie | crucifixion | noun ● jo-stem | CS; BG razpjatie |
разреша | razreša | decide | verb ● i-verb | |
разсека | razseka | cut into pieces | verb ● e-verb | |
разсея | razseja | sow | verb ● e-verb | |
разсипя | razsipja | spill, destroy | verb ● e-verb | |
разскача | razskača | start jumping | verb ● e-verb | Reflective |
разслабя | razslabja | soften | verb ● i-verb | RBE: link |
разстъпвам | razstъpvam | step aside | verb ● a-verb | |
разсъдя | razsъdja | decide | verb ● i-verb | |
разсърдя | razsъrdja | make angry | verb ● i-verb | |
разсърдявам | razsъrdjavam | make angry | verb ● a-verb | |
разтворя | raztvorja | open wide | verb ● i-verb | |
разтегна | raztegna | stretch | verb ● e-verb | |
разтлея | raztleja | rot | verb ● e-verb | CS |
разтреперя | raztreperja | start shaking | verb ● i-verb | |
разтуря | razturja | ruin | verb ● i-verb | |
разтъжя | raztъžja | become sad | verb ● i-verb | |
разтържа | raztъrža | tear | verb ● i-verb | |
разтърся | raztъrsja | shake, clench | verb ● i-verb | |
разум | razum | mind, wisdom, prudence | noun ● o-stem | |
разумен | razumen | wise | adjective ● hard stem | |
разумея | razumeja | understand | verb ● e-verb | |
разумие | razumie | wisdom | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
разумно | razumno | wisely | adverb ● | |
разумявам | razuměvam | make wise | verb ● a-verb | |
разфъргам | razfъrgam | cast away | verb ● a-verb | BG xvъrgam |
разхарча | razxarča | waste | verb ● i-verb | Carski: 3sg.prs rasharciova |
разширя | razširja | expand | verb ● i-verb | |
рай | rai | Paradise | noun ● monosyllabic | |
райски | raiski | of Paradise | adjective ● hard stem | |
рака | raka | coffin | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
ракия | rakija | rakia | noun ● jā-stem | |
ракла | rakla | coffin | noun ● ā-stem | |
рало | ralo | plough | noun ● o-stem | |
Рамел | Ramel | Hermel | noun ● o-stem | Given by Stouditēs as Hramel, a city in Syria. |
рамо | ramo | arm | noun ● o-stem | CS ramę |
рана | rana | wound | noun ● ā-stem | |
ранен | ranen | early | adjective ● hard stem | |
ранен (2) | ranen (2) | wounded | noun ● hard stem | |
рано | rano | early | adverb ● | |
раслан | raslan | lion | noun ● o-stem | BAN I 18: arslan, aslan 'lъv', < tr. arslan, aslan |
распрѧжение | raspręženie | disjunction | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
растлъкнѫти | rastlъknǫti | crush | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. Attested is 3pl.aor rastlьkošǫ. Miklosich mentions only the form without the prefix. |
растръгнути | rastrъgnǫti | tear | verb ● e-verb | CS, Miklosich: rastrъgnǫti 'diarrēgnynai, rumpere' |
растръзати | rastrъzati | tear | verb ● e-verb | CS |
растя | rastja | grow | verb ● e-verb | |
расъмотрити | rasъmotriti | understand, comprehend | verb ● i-verb | CS; Miklosich: rasъmotriti 'krinein, iudicare' |
ратай | ratai | field helper | noun ● jo-stem | |
рать | rat | battle, war | noun ● i-stem | CS |
Рафаил | Rafail | Raphael | noun ● o-stem | |
Рахила | Raxila | Rachel | noun ● ā-stem | |
Рахилин | Raxilin | Rachel's | adjective ● hard stem | |
рая | raja | subjects | noun ● jā-stem | Ot.tur. raiyet < ar. raʿīyat 'flock', but likely 'subject (nation)' already too (Nişanyan). The term is basically an Ottoman equivalent of đimmī from earlier Muslim empires (wiki). |
ребро | rebro | rib | noun ● o-stem | |
Ревека | Reveka | Rebecca | noun ● ā-stem | |
Ревекин | Revekin | of Rebecca | adjective ● hard stem | |
ревнител | revnitel | fanatic | noun ● jo-stem | |
ревност | revnost | fervor | noun ● i-stem | |
ревнувам | revnuvam | crave | verb ● a-verb | |
ред | red | order, line, times | noun ● monosyllabic | CS rędъ |
редник | rednik | regularily | noun ● o-stem | Used adverbially (i davaxa ju rednikъ edinъ člvekъ da jade 'and they gave her [the xala-dragon] regularily a human to eat'). |
режа | reža | cut | verb ● e-verb | |
Рейдеш | Reideš | Rhesus | noun ● jo-stem | Jagić's version of the Legend of Troy shows also spellings Ružušь and Rižušь. |
река | reka | say | verb ● e-verb | |
река (2) | rěka | river | noun ● ā-stem | The jat is not reflected by an e/ja variation in modern BG, but it is used to distinguish the lemma from the verb reka 'say'. |
ремен | remen | strap | noun ● o-stem | CS remy, an n-stem, st. BG remъk (BAN VI 219). The spelling remen is preferred by Punčo. |
ремение | remenie | straps | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
ременство | remenstvo | guild | noun ● o-stem | Unclear, used as a collective for devils as a "professional" group. |
ресна | resna | hanging ornament | noun ● ā-stem | CS ręsьna or ręsьnъ 'cilium' |
ретити | retiti | content, be equal | verb ● i-verb | |
реч | reč | word | noun ● i-stem | |
речовит | rečovit | well-spoken | adjective ● hard stem | |
решето | rešeto | sieve | noun ● o-stem | BAN VI 240: rešeto 'sito ot koža za presjavane na žito' |
риба | riba | fish | noun ● ā-stem | CS ryba |
ридание | ridanie | cry | noun ● jo-stem | |
ридая | ridaja | cry | verb ● e-verb | |
Рижеоуда | Rižeuda | Chryseis | noun ● ā-stem | |
Рижеоуш | Rižeuš | Chryseus | noun ● jo-stem | |
риза | riza | shirt | noun ● ā-stem | |
ризница | riznica | armor suit, chest | noun ● jā-stem | Punčo seems to use the second meaning, which goes back to CS rizьnica 'public treasury', attested in Supr. (link). |
Рилски | Rilski | of Rila | adjective ● hard stem | St. John of Rila |
Рим | Rim | Rome | noun ● o-stem | |
Римини | Rimini | Rimini | noun ● uninflected | |
римлянин | rimljanin | Roman | noun ● ethno-stem | |
римски | rimski | Roman | adjective ● hard stem | |
Рипсима | Ripsima | Hripsime | noun ● ā-stem | This is the Punčo's more common spelling, in BG Ripsime and Ripsimija seem to be more common. |
ритам | ritam | kick | verb ● a-verb | |
ритна | ritna | kick | verb ● e-verb | |
роб | rob | servant, slave | noun ● o-stem | BG pl. robi. Punčo also uses i-stem pl.nom robie. |
робинка | robinka | female servant, slave | noun ● ā-stem | RBE: link |
робиня | robinja | female servant, slave | noun ● jā-stem | |
робски | robski | of a servant | adjective ● hard stem | |
робство | robstvo | servitude | noun ● o-stem | |
ров | rov | dug hole | noun ● monosyllabic | |
рог | rog | horn | noun ● monosyllabic | |
Рогафариж | Rogafariž | Horned-Horse | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Name of the Teucer's horse. |
рогач | rogač | deer | noun ● jo-stem | |
род | rod | kin | noun ● monosyllabic | |
родител | roditel | parent | noun ● jo-stem | |
роднини | rodnini | relatives | adjective ● hard stem | |
родя | rodja | give birth, beget | verb ● i-verb | |
рожба | rožba | crops | noun ● ā-stem | |
рождение | roždenie | birth | noun ● jo-stem | |
рождество | roždestvo | birth | noun ● o-stem | CS |
рожковец | rožkovec | snail | noun ● jo-stem | RBE: link |
Ромен | Romen | Romen | noun ● o-stem | Spelled Romexъ in Prolog, a city in Armenia. |
роня | ronja | shed | verb ● i-verb | |
роса | rosa | dew | noun ● ā-stem | |
роусагъ | rusag | region | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Likely from an earlier stage of HU ország (wiktionary: link). Appears in other CS sources from Croatia and Serbia too (cf. also Skok III 174). |
роухо | ruxo | clothing, mantle | ● o-stem | CS |
руба | ruba | dress | noun ● ā-stem | makedonski.info: ruba 'dress' |
ругая | rugaja | blaspheme | verb ● e-verb | |
ружам | ružam | scold | verb ● a-verb | |
руси | rusi | Russian | noun ● ethno-stem | Punčo uses only plural forms - rusja or rusi. |
Русия | Rusija | Russia | noun ● jā-stem | |
руски | ruski | Russian | adjective ● hard stem | |
Русчук | Rusčuk | Russe | noun ● o-stem | |
ръжа | rъža | be jealous, mutter angrily | verb ● i-verb | BAN VI 364: rъža 'rъmža, cvilja' |
ръжда | rъžda | rust | noun ● jā-stem | |
ръжен | rъžen | roaster | noun ● jo-stem | |
ръка | rъka | hand | noun ● ā-stem | Forms like rъce and ruke are interpreted as duals. |
ръкописен | rъkopisen | handwritten | adjective ● hard stem | |
ръс | rъs | dust | noun ● i-stem | Punčo: rus, cf. BAN VI 349, 377: rus, rъs 'prax' |
ръче | rъče | little hand | noun ● nt-stem | |
ръчен | rъčen | of hand | adjective ● hard stem | |
рьвань | rъvan | fight | noun ● i-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
рьвати | rъvati | fight | verb ● e-verb | |
рѫкидялие | rukidělie | handwork | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
с | s | with | preposition ● with inst | |
Сабин | Sabin | Sabin | noun ● o-stem | |
сабя | sabja | saber, sword | noun ● jā-stem | |
Сава | Sava | Sabbas | noun ● ā-stem | |
Савак | Savak | Savah | noun ● o-stem | Or Sobakh, RU Sovax. The lemma reflects Punčo's spelling. The father of Prophet Elijah is not mentioned in the Bible, but mentioned in apocryphal sources, cited e.g. by Ephraim of Cyprus (link). |
Саваот | Savaot | Sabaoth | noun ● o-stem | An attribute of God ("of hosts"), used e.g. by Isaiah (3:1). |
Савория | Savoria | Shapur | noun ● new i-stem | A common spellings in CS sources is Saporъ or Savorь (cf. histdict.uni-sofia: link), but st. BG/RU prefer Šapur today. |
садака | sadaka | alms | noun ● ā-stem | Carski: pl. sadaki. BAN VI 406: sadaka 'milostinja' < tr. sadaka < ar. ṣadaqa |
сажда | sažda | soot | noun ● ā-stem | |
сайдисам | saidisam | give regards | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 3pl.aor/impf saidissaha. Google: tr. saymak 'count, regard' |
сакам | sakam | want, search | verb ● a-verb | SC/MK |
сакуля | sakulja | bag | noun ● jā-stem | BAN VI 433: sakulja 'torbička', 'čuval' (Lomsko) < gr. sakoula 'чувалче, пакет, кесия' |
салт | salt | totally | adverb ● | Google: tr. salt 'absolute' |
сам | sam | alone | adjective ● pronominal hard stem | |
сам (2) | sam (2) | here | adverb ● | CS sěmo |
само | samo | only | adverb ● | |
самоборец | samoborec | gladiator | noun ● jo-stem | CS samoborьcь 'automaxōn' |
самовластник | samovlastnik | self-ruler | noun ● o-stem | Likely based on CS samovlastьnъ 'autexousios, qui sui iuris est', but without a clear CS source. |
самоволен | samovolen | self-sufficient, autonomous | adjective ● hard stem | CS samovolьnъ 'autarkēs, sibi sufficiens' |
самоволно | samovolno | self-sufficiently, autonomously | adverb ● | |
самодържец | samodъržec | monarch | noun ● jo-stem | |
самоковски | samokovski | of Samokov | adjective ● hard stem | |
Самон | Samon | Samon | noun ● o-stem | Also written (in EN) as Samonas, Shamona etc. |
самотворьнъ | samotvorьnъ | self-producing | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
Самуил | Samuil | Samuel | noun ● o-stem | |
сановник | sanovnik | official | noun ● o-stem | link |
сапикасувам | sapikasuvam | observe | verb ● a-verb | BAN VI 489: sapikasvam 'sъgleždam, sъziram' < ngr. apeikazō |
Сара | Sara | Sarah | noun ● ā-stem | |
саракински | sarakinski | Saracene | adjective ● hard stem | |
Сарин | Sarin | Sarah's | adjective ● hard stem | |
Саркокития | Sarkokitia | Sarkokitia | noun ● jā-stem | Unclear site of birth of St. Gurias, possibly Suruç (assyr. Serugh or Batnae)? |
сасве | sasve | entirely | adverb ● | |
Сатана | Satana | Satan | noun ● ā-stem | |
Сатанайл | Satanail | Satanael | noun ● o-stem | |
Сатанайлов | Satanailov | of Satanael | adjective ● hard stem | |
Сатанин | Satanin | Satan | noun ● ethno-stem | |
сати | sati | ● | ||
сахат | saxat | hour | noun ● o-stem | BAN VI 516: saxat 'časovnik, čas' < tur. sahat < ar. sa'at 'kъso vreme, čas, časovnik' |
сащисам | saštisam | be amazed, astonished | verb ● a-verb | BAN VI 525: saštisvam (se), saštisam (se) 'obъrkvam (se)', < tr. şaşti- 'udivljavam se'. Carski: 3sg.aor sciasctissa+ se. |
сборно | sborno | as a community | adverb ● | |
сбъркам | sbъrkam | get confused | verb ● a-verb | |
свада | svada | quarrel | noun ● ā-stem | |
свадба | svadba | wedding | noun ● ā-stem | |
свадлив | svadliv | quarrelsome | adjective ● hard stem | |
сваждати | svaždati | bring against each other | verb ● e-verb | |
сваля | svalja | put down | verb ● i-verb | |
сваря | svarja | cook | verb ● i-verb | |
сват | svat | wedding guest | noun ● monosyllabic | Attested in the Legend of Troy in a pl.acc/inst form svatovy. |
све | sve | all | adjective ● pronominal mixed stem | A dialectal variant of vse, preferred by Punčo. The n.sg form chosen, as the lemma is often used as a N ('everything') or R ('fully'). |
свекакво | svekakvo | anything | pronoun ● | |
свекакъв | svekakъv | any | adjective ● hard stem | |
свеки | sveki | every | adjective ● hard stem | A dialectal variant of vsěki. |
свекър | svekъr | father in law | noun ● o-stem | |
свестя | svestja | persuade | verb ● i-verb | |
свестявам | svestjavam | advise | verb ● a-verb | Punčo uses 1sg.prs sveštamь. |
светилник | světilnik | candlestick, lamp | noun ● o-stem | |
светило | světilo | lamp | noun ● o-stem | |
светиня | svętinja | sainthood | noun ● jā-stem | CS? Unclear, written as s-tynju in Prolog, the jery replaced with an i by Punčo. |
светица | svętica | saint (female) | noun ● jā-stem | |
светлив | světliv | shiny | adjective ● hard stem | |
светливо | světlivo | shiningly | adverb ● | |
светликав | světlikav | sparkling | adjective ● hard stem | makedonski.info: svetlikav 'koj pušta treperava svetlina' |
светло | světlo | with a shine | adverb ● | |
светлост | světlost | shine | noun ● i-stem | CS |
Светослав | Svetoslav | Svetoslav | noun ● o-stem | |
светувам | svetuvam | live | verb ● a-verb | rechnik.chitanka: svetuvam 'živeja, sъštestvuvam' |
светъл | světъl | bright | adjective ● hard stem | |
светя | světja | shine | verb ● i-verb | |
светя | svętja | sanctify | verb ● i-verb | |
свещ | svešt | candle | noun ● i-verb | CS svěšta |
свещен | svęšten | holy | adjective ● hard stem | |
свещеник | svęštenik | priest | noun ● o-stem | |
свещенически | svęšteničeski | of priests | adjective ● hard stem | |
свещенски | svęštenski | of priests | adjective ● hard stem | |
свещенство | svęštenstvo | priesthood | noun ● o-stem | |
свещник | sveštnik | candlestick | noun ● o-stem | |
свидетел | svidetel | witness | noun ● jo-stem | |
свидетелство | svidetelstvo | testimony | noun ● o-stem | |
свилен | svilen | silken | adjective ● | |
свинца | svinca | together | noun ● jā-stem | A dialectal variant of BG vsinca (cf. BAN I 195). |
свирка | svirka | flute | noun ● ā-stem | |
свиря | svirja | whistle | verb ● i-verb | |
свитък | svitъk | scroll | noun ● o-stem | |
свички | svički | every | adjective ● hard stem | A variant of sveki or sički. |
свише | sviše | from above | adverb ● | CS sъvyše (histdict.uni-sofia: link) |
свия | svija | wrap | verb ● e-verb | |
свободя | svobodja | become free | verb ● i-verb | |
свой | svoi | of oneself | adjective ● pronominal soft stem | A reflexive-possessive adjective. |
свуде | svude | everywhere | adverb ● | |
свържа | svъrža | bind | verb ● e-verb | |
свят | svět | world, light | noun ● | |
свят | svęt | saint | adjective ● hard stem | |
святител | svętitel | apostle, saint | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
свѧтьць | svętьcь | saint | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
сговарям | sgovarjam | discuss, make a plan | verb ● a-verb | Likely based on CS sъgovor 'agreement', but this is the form in rechnik.chitanka. Punčo and damaskini editors write it phonetically with /z/ in anlaut. |
сговор | sgovor | agreement, good relations | noun ● o-stem | CS sъgovor |
сговоря | sgovorja | discuss, make a plan | verb ● i-verb | |
сгърча | sgъrča | fold | verb ● i-verb | BAN I 304: gъrča se 'izvivam se' |
се | se | self | pronoun ● | CS sę. The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or sę) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i. |
се (2) | se (2) | behold! | particle ● | CS particle, likely based on sii 'this' |
Севастия | Sevastija | Sebastia | noun ● jā-stem | A village near Nablus in Palestine. wiki |
севастократор | sevastokrator | sebastokrator | noun ● o-stem | |
сега | sega | now | adverb ● | |
сегам | segam | reach | verb ● a-verb | BAN VI 576: segam 'prostiram, protjagam rъka da vzema, da xvana nešto'; CS sęgati |
сегна | segna | reach | verb ● e-verb | |
седем | sedem | seven | numeral ● | CS sedmь |
седми | sedmi | seventh | adjective ● hard stem | |
седна | sedna | sit | verb ● e-verb | |
седя | sedja | sit | verb ● i-verb | CS sěděti |
сеир | seir | place for looking, an assembly | noun ● o-stem | BAN VI 588: seir 'zrelište, udovolstvie', < tr. seyir 'udovolstvie' < ar. sayir |
сеирджия | seirdžija | spectator | noun ● new i-stem | Google: tr. seyirci 'spectator' . |
сека | seka | cut | verb ● e-verb | |
селе | sele | nowadays | adverb ● | CS selě or seli |
Селевкий | Selevkii | Seleucis | noun ● new i-stem | |
селен | selen | of a field | adjective ● | Miklosich: selьnъ 'agrou, fundi' |
селение | selenie | settlement | noun ● jo-stem | |
селик | selik | such | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
Селим | Selim | Selim | noun ● o-stem | |
Селимов | Selimov | of Selim | adjective ● hard stem | |
селище | selište | settlement | noun ● jo-stem | |
село | selo | village | noun ● o-stem | |
селски | selski | of a village | adjective ● hard stem | |
семе | seme | seed | noun ● n-stem | |
сено | seno | hay | noun ● o-stem | |
сенова | senova | afterwards | adverb ● | Unclear. Full phrase: po senova prestanu zavistъ fariseiska 'afterwards (?) the jealousy of the Pharisees ceased'. |
септември | septemvri | September | noun ● new i-stem | |
серафим | serafim | seraph | noun ● o-stem | The Hebrew plural ending -im is not left out in CS/BG singular forms. |
Серафт | Seraft | Zarephath | noun ● o-stem | Punčo's spelling of CS/BG Sarepta (3 Kings 17:9). |
серски | sěrski | of Serres | adjective ● hard stem | |
сестра | sestra | sister | noun ● ā-stem | |
сестрѣница | sestrěnica | cousin | noun ● jā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
сетне | setne | finally | adverb ● | Often used together with particle nai. Cf. BAN VI 623: seten (1) 'posleden, kraen', CS setьnъ. |
сетя | setja | understand | verb ● i-verb | |
сеч | seč | massacre | noun ● i-stem | |
сечиво | sečivo | tool | noun ● o-stem | |
сещам | seštam | understand | verb ● a-verb | |
сея | seja | sow | verb ● e-verb | CS sějati |
Сигор | Sigor | Segor | noun ● o-stem | A mountain (or town) near Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen 19:22), also called Zoar in some biblical sources (like NIV). |
сии | sii | this | pronoun ● pronominal soft stem | CS |
сиквози | sikvozi | such | pronoun ● | From the Legend of Troy. |
сико | siko | thus | pronoun ● | From the Legend of Troy. Likely a proximal counterpart of tako. |
сила | sila | power | noun ● ā-stem | |
силен | silen | strong | adjective ● hard stem | |
силно | silno | strongly | adverb ● | |
силувам | siluvam | force, rape | verb ● a-verb | |
силя | silja | force, become strong | verb ● i-verb | |
Сим | Sim | Shem | noun ● o-stem | The first-born son of Noah, biblical ancestor of Semitic peoples and Elamites. |
Симвликии | Simvlikii | Symblicius | noun ● new i-stem | A 3rd century governor of Cappadocia, tormentor of St. Theodota. The name has no clear form in PPS, written as Siglikitь, Siglikia etc. |
Симеон | Simeon | Simeon | noun ● o-stem | |
Симов | Simov | Shem's | adjective ● hard stem | |
син | sin | son | noun ● monosyllabic | CS synъ was an u-stem. Punčo seems to follow a paradigm combining o-stem oblique case endings with u-stem direct forms (as in other monosyllabic masc nouns): sg.nom sinь, gen sina, dat sinu, voc sine, pl.nom sinove/sinovi, also pl.acc sini (< CS syny). The two pl.nom forms may remind us of Serbo-Croat variation (pl.nom -ovi, pl.acc -ove). However, Punčo clearly prefers the form -ove (the other form comes only once in 9 instances in first 30 chapters), which is used both in subject and oblique positions. |
синайски | sinaiski | of Sinai | adjective ● hard stem | |
синарски | sinarski | of Shinar | adjective ● hard stem | Land of Shinar (Babylonia), where Ham's grandson Nimrod (CS Nevrodъ) founded an empire (Gen 10:10). |
синджир | sindžir | chains | noun ● o-stem | BAN VI 666: sindžir 'veriga', < tr. zancir < pers. zanǵīr |
синия | sinija | platter | noun ● jā-stem | |
синов | sinov | son's | adjective ● hard stem | |
синор | sinor | border | noun ● o-stem | BAN VI 674: sinor 'granica, mežda, slog' < ngr. sýnoron |
синпур | sinpur | sulphur | noun ● o-stem | According to Mladenov (1941:580), borrowed directly from lat. sulphur, the /n/ reflecting an influence of folk etymology of the word as sin plamen 'blue flame'. Described as a Turkish loanword by Kъnčev (RBE: link). |
синца | sinca | everybody | pronoun ● | Demina et al. 2012:896 - sinca 'samo za lica: vsički, vsinca' |
Сион | Sion | Sihon | noun ● o-stem | The king of Amorea in Numbers (21:23) and the Tale of Alexander the Elder. |
Сион (2) | Sion (2) | Zion | noun ● o-stem | |
Сионов | Sionov | of Sihon | adjective ● hard stem | |
сионски | sionski | of Zion | adjective ● hard stem | Also used as a relative adjective of Sihon. |
сипувам | sipuvam | pour | verb ● a-verb | |
сипя | sipja | pour | verb ● e-verb | |
Сирах | Sirax | Sirach | noun ● o-stem | |
сираче | sirače | orphan | noun ● nt-stem | |
сиреч | sireč | that is | particle ● | |
сирийски | siriiski | of Syria | adjective ● hard stem | |
сиромах | siromax | poor one | noun ● o-stem | |
сиромашество | siromašestvo | poverty | noun ● o-stem | RBE: link |
сиромашия | siromašija | poverty | noun ● jā-stem | |
сиромашка | siromaška | poor woman | noun ● ā-stem | |
сирота | sirota | poor one | noun ● ā-stem | |
сиротица | sirotica | poor woman | noun ● jā-stem | |
сисам | sisam | suck | verb ● a-verb | RBE: link |
Сит | Sit | Seth | noun ● o-stem | |
сит | sit | satiated | adjective ● hard stem | |
Ситов | Sitov | Seth's | adjective ● hard stem | |
ситост | sitost | satisfaction | noun ● i-stem | |
сице | sice | thus | adverb ● | CS |
сицев | sicev | such | adjective ● pronominal hard stem | CS |
сички | sički | every, each | adjective ● hard stem | Demina et al. 2012:900 - sički 'vsičkijat; kojto e v pъlnija si broj'. The initial v- of the old prefix vьs- is regularily omitted. |
сиязи | siazi | this | preposition ● | From the Legend of Troy. |
сияние | sijanie | shine | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
сияя | sijaja | shine | verb ● e-verb | |
Скадрионъ | Skadrion | Skamandrius | noun ● o-stem | |
скажа | skaža | tell | verb ● e-verb | BAN II 139: skaža, skazvam 'razkazvam' |
сказание | skazanie | story, scripture | noun ● jo-stem | |
сказвам | skazvam | tell | verb ● a-verb | BAN II 139: skaža, skazvam 'razkazvam' |
скарѧдѣ | skarędě | badly | adverb ● | CS |
скачам | skačam | jump | verb ● e-verb | |
скверня | skvernja | taint | verb ● i-verb | CS skvrъniti |
сквръньнъ | skvrъnьnъ | tainted | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
скеле | skele | scaffolding | noun ● nt-stem | BAN VI 739: skele 'gredi i dъski okolo sgrada, po koito se kačvat i rabotjat zidarite', < tr. (i)skele 'stъlba' < mgr. skala < it./lat. scala |
скиптър | skiptъr | scepter | noun ● o-stem | CS skipьtrъ appears mostly as a literary equivalent of gr. skēptron ʹscepterʹ, in earlier texts translated as žezlъ or xorǫgy. Euthymius uses it figuratively for 'army' (histdict.uni-sofia: link). In the Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael, it seems to denote more the command of an army, in the phrase věnecь skipetra arxa-glьskix činovь 'wreath of command of archangelic ranks'. |
скокна | skokna | jump | verb ● e-verb | Carski's word. Mauricio: Sckokna 'salto'. |
скопос | skopos | virtue | noun ● o-stem | BAN VI 779: skopos 'red (Gerov), srъčnost, urednost (Slivensko), izrjadnost v rabotata (Kukuš, Strandža, Šumensko' etc., < ngr. skopos 'cel, namerenie, plan' |
скопски | skopski | of Skopje | adjective ● hard stem | |
скоро | skoro | quickly, shortly afterwards | adverb ● | |
скот | skot | cattle | noun ● o-stem | Monosyllabic in st. BG, but Punčo prefers pl.nom skoti. |
скоча | skoča | jump | verb ● i-verb | |
скривалище | skrivalište | stash | noun ● jo-stem | |
скривам | skrivam | hide | verb ● a-verb | |
Скрино | Skrino | Skrino | noun ● o-stem | Birthplace of St. John of Rila, now a part of Boboševo. |
скричам | skričam | cry | verb ● a-verb | Not found in available dictionaries, used by Punčo (3pl.prs skričutь) to describe sounds of little birds. |
скрия | skrija | hide | verb ● e-verb | |
скръб | skrъb | sorrow | noun ● i-stem | |
скръбен | skrъben | sad | adjective ● hard stem | |
скръжьтати | skrъžьtati | screech, squak | verb ● e-verb | CS |
скурвя | skurvja | commit adultery | verb ● i-verb | Demina et al. 2012:910 - skurvja 'otdam se na razvrat' |
скутам | skutam | hide | verb ● a-verb | BAN VI 814: skutam 'krija' |
скутен | skuten | secret | adjective ● hard stem | |
скутница | skutnica | cellar | noun ● ā-stem | |
скутничка | skutnička | cellar | noun ● ā-stem | |
скъп | skъp | expensive | adjective ● hard stem | |
скъпо | skъpo | expensively | adverb ● | |
скърб | skъrb | sadness | noun ● i-stem | |
скърбост | skъrbost | suffering | noun ● i-stem | |
скърбя | skъrbja | be sad | verb ● i-verb | |
скърцам | skъrcam | gnash | verb ● a-verb | |
скѫдьльникъ | skǫdьlьnik | potter, jar | noun ● o-stem | CS |
слаб | slab | weak | adjective ● hard stem | |
слабост | slabost | weakness | noun ● i-stem | |
слава | slava | glory | noun ● ā-stem | |
славен | slaven | glorious, famous | adjective ● hard stem | |
Славомир | Slavomir | Slavomir | noun ● o-stem | Also an old name of the village of Slomer in the Tarnovo region. |
славя | slavja | celebrate | verb ● e-verb | |
славянин | slavěnin | Slav | noun ● ethno-stem | |
славянобългарски | slavěnobъlgarski | Slaveno-Bulgarian | adjective ● hard stem | |
славянски | slavěnski | Slavic | adjective ● hard stem | CS slověnьskъ - the spelling seems to have been spread in BG due to Paisius. |
слагане | slagane | humility | noun ● jo-stem | Carski's word. Mauricio: Slagani 'umilta' |
сладко | sladko | sweetly | adverb ● | |
сладост | sladost | sweetness | noun ● i-stem | |
сладостен | sladosten | sweet | adjective ● hard stem | |
сладък | sladъk | sweet | adjective ● hard stem | |
слама | slama | hay | noun ● ā-stem | |
сланутка | slanutka | chickpea | noun ● ā-stem | Punčo's interpretation of CS slanutku, which is sg.dat of slanutъkъ 'erebinthos, cicer' |
сласт | slast | pleasure, softness | noun ● i-stem | |
сластолюбив | slastoljubiv | voluptuous | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
сластолюбица | slastoljubica | voluptuous woman | noun ● jā-stem | |
след | sled | afterwards | preposition ● | Miklosich: CS slědъ 'ixnos, vestigium'. In the prepositional sense, only vъ slědъ 'following' is in CS. |
слезна | slezna | descend | verb ● e-verb | BAN III 348: sleza, sljaza, slezna 'spuskam se' |
слепец | slepec | blind man | noun ● jo-stem | |
слепота | slepota | blindness | noun ● ā-stem | |
слободно | slobodno | freely | adverb ● | |
слово | slovo | word, homily | noun ● o-stem | |
сложа | složa | put | verb ● i-verb | |
сломя | slomja | break | verb ● i-verb | |
слуга | sluga | servant | noun ● ā-stem | |
слугувам | sluguvam | serve | verb ● a-verb | |
слугуване | sluguvane | service | noun ● jo-stem | |
служа | služa | serve | verb ● i-verb | |
служба | služba | service, liturgy | noun ● ā-stem | |
служител | služitel | servant | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
слух | slux | hearing (capacity) | noun ● monosyllabic | |
случа | sluča | happen | verb ● i-verb | A reflexive verb, commonly used in 3sg: sluči se 'it happened'. |
слушам | slušam | listen | verb ● a-verb | |
слушател | slušatel | hearer | noun ● jo-stem | |
слъжа | slъža | fool, deceive | verb ● e-verb | |
слънечен | slъnečen | of the sun | adjective ● hard stem | |
слънце | slъnce | sun | noun ● nt-stem | |
слышание | slyšanie | hearing (thing heard) | noun ● jo-stem | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
слышати | slyšati | hear | verb ● i-verb | CS; Miklosich gives both 2sg.prs slyšiši and slyšaješi ("raro"). |
сляза | slěza | descend | verb ● e-verb | BAN III 348: sleza, sljaza, slezna 'spuskam se' |
сляп | slěp | blind | adjective ● hard stem | |
слѫкав | slǫkav | hunchbacked | adjective ● hard stem | CS? |
смеся | smesja | mix | verb ● i-verb | |
смета | smeta | shove down | verb ● e-verb | CS sъmesti, 1sg.prs sъmetǫ, 2sg sъmeteši |
смешение | smešenie | mixing | noun ● jo-stem | |
смея | smeja | dare | verb ● e-verb | CS uses both smějati and směti for 'audere'. Meaning 'laugh' is used for smijati (usually with prefixes), which has some homonymic forms. |
смея (2) | směja | laugh | verb ● e-verb | |
Смилец | Smilec | Smilets | noun ● jo-stem | |
смилувам | smiluvam | have mercy | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 2sg.prs aco se smilovasc |
смиля | smilja | have mercy | verb ● i-verb | |
смирение | smirenie | reconciliation, humbleness | noun ● jo-stem | CS sъměrenie |
смирено | smireno | peacefully | adverb ● | |
смиря | smirja | attain peace | verb ● i-verb | Usually reflexive, but Paisius also uses it as a transitive verb, meaning 'make peaceful', i.e. 'defeat'. |
смислен | smislen | prudent | adjective ● hard stem | |
смисля | smislja | start to think, repent | verb ● i-verb | |
смокиня | smokinja | fig | noun ● jā-stem | |
смоковница | smokovnica | fig tree | noun ● jā-stem | |
смола | smola | tar | noun ● ā-stem | |
смрад | smrad | stench | noun ● monosyllabic | |
смраден | smraden | stinking | adjective ● hard stem | |
смрадлив | smradliv | stinking | adjective ● hard stem | |
смутя | smutja | worry | verb ● i-verb | |
смъкна | smъkna | shrink | verb ● e-verb | |
смърдя | smъrdja | stink | verb ● i-verb | |
смърт | smъrt | death | noun ● i-stem | |
смъртен | smъrten | mortal | adjective ● hard stem | |
смъртоносен | smъrtonosen | deadly | adjective ● hard stem | |
смях | směx | laugh | noun ● monosyllabic | |
снага | snaga | body | noun ● ā-stem | |
снеса | snesa | carry forth | verb ● e-verb | |
сняг | sněg | snow | noun ● monosyllabic | |
соворно | sovorno | together, united | adverb ● | Not in dictionaries (besides CS sъvora 'fibula'), slk. svorne? |
Содом | Sodom | Sodom | noun ● o-stem | Punčo: u sadoma |
сой | soj | family | noun ● jo-stem | Carski's word. Google: tr. soy 'lineage, family' |
сокак | sokak | street | noun ● o-stem | Carski: sokaka+t. Google: tr. sokak 'street' |
сокол | sokol | falcon | noun ● o-stem | |
сол | sol | salt | noun ● i-stem | |
солдатин | soldatin | soldier | noun ● ethno-stem | Carski: soltatin, def. soltatina+t, pl. soltate. BAN VII 305: soldat 'vojnik' (Loveč, Mixalci, Pavlikensko, Pirgovo, Rusensko) |
солило | solilo | brine | noun ● o-stem | CS |
Солун | Solun | Salonica | noun ● o-stem | |
солунски | solunski | of Salonica | adjective ● hard stem | |
сосам | sosam | suffice | verb ● a-verb | Demina et al. 2012:926 - sosam 'dostatъčen sъm, stigam' |
сосувам | sosuvam | suffice | verb ● a-verb | |
Сотона | Sotona | Satan | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
соуличьникъ | suličьnik | spearman | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
софийски | sofiiski | of Sophia | adjective ● hard stem | |
София | Sofia | Sophia | noun ● jā-stem | |
соча | soča | point | verb ● i-verb | |
спавати | spavati | sleep, doze | verb ● a-verb | SC |
спасение | spasenie | salvation | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
спасител | spasitel | Savior | noun ● jo-stem | |
спасителен | spasitelen | bringing salvation | adjective ● hard stem | |
спасителов | spasitelov | of the Savior | adjective ● hard stem | |
спастря | spastrja | spare | verb ● i-verb | BAN VII 384: spastrjam 'zapazvam, pribiram, spestjavam' |
спася | spasja | save | verb ● i-verb | |
спасявам | spasjavam | save | verb ● a-verb | |
спечеля | spečelja | gain | verb ● i-verb | |
сплета | spleta | bind, interweave | verb ● e-verb | |
сподобя | spodobja | become worthy | verb ● i-verb | |
спроти | sproti | against | preposition ● | |
спусна | spusna | run down | verb ● e-verb | |
спъвам | spъvam | stumble | verb ● a-verb | |
спя | spja | sleep | verb ● i-verb | |
спѣх | spěx | hurry | noun ● o-stem | CS |
срам | sram | shame | noun ● monosyllabic | |
срамен | sramen | shameful | adjective ● hard stem | |
срамно | sramno | shamefully | adverb ● | |
срамота | sramota | shame | noun ● ā-stem | |
срамотен | sramoten | shameful | adjective ● hard stem | |
срамувам | sramuvam | feel shame | verb ● a-verb | |
срамя | sramja | feel shame | verb ● i-verb | |
сребрен | srebren | silver | adjective ● hard stem | |
сребреник | srebrenik | silver coin | noun ● o-stem | |
сребро | srebro | silver | noun ● o-stem | |
сребролюбец | srebroljubec | silver-lover | noun ● jo-stem | |
сребролюбив | srebroljubiv | silver-loving | adjective ● hard stem | |
сред | sred | middle | noun ● monosyllabic | |
среден | sreden | middle | adjective ● hard stem | |
Средец | Sredec | Sredets | noun ● jo-stem | Old Slavic name of Sofia (f.sg.nom *Serdika > m.sg.gen? *Srědьca > m.sg.nom *Srědьcь > Sredec). |
средски | sredski | of Sredets | adjective ● hard stem | Punčo: sret'ski grad. Spelling with /d/ based on Prolog. |
сретение | sretenie | meeting | noun ● jo-stem | CS sъrětenie |
сречан | srečan | happy, hearty | adjective ● hard stem | SC |
среща | srešta | meeting, occasion, fortune | noun ● ā-stem | CS sъręšta |
срещна | sreštna | meet | verb ● e-verb | CS sъrěsti, 1sg.prs sъręštǫ |
сродник | srodnik | relative | noun ● o-stem | |
срок | srok | term | noun ● o-stem | CS sъrokъ |
сръбски | srъbski | Serbian | adjective ● hard stem | |
сръдба | srъdba | anger | noun ● ā-stem | Cf. BAN VII 676 |
сръдня | srъdnja | anger | noun ● jā-stem | Should be attested in Gerov too (cf. BAN VII 676). |
сръчно | srъčno | skillfully | adverb ● | RBE: link |
сряда | srěda | Wednesday | noun ● ā-stem | |
става | stava | bone joint | noun ● ā-stem | |
ставам | stavam | become, stand up | verb ● a-verb | |
Ставракий | Stavrakii | Stauracius | noun ● new i-stem | Son of Emperor Nicephorus. |
стадий | stadii | stadium (distance) | noun ● new i-stem | Inflection unclear, attested tri stadia could be interpreted as masc. count form or n.pl.nom. |
стадо | stado | herd | noun ● o-stem | |
стакиня | stakinja | kindle | verb ● a-verb | Unclear. |
стан | stan | dwelling, camp | noun ● o-stem | CS |
стана | stana | become, stand up | verb ● e-verb | CS stati, 1sg.prs stanǫ, 2sg staneši |
стар | star | old | adjective ● hard stem | |
старейшина | stareišina | elder | noun ● ā-stem | |
старец | starec | old man | noun ● jo-stem | |
старица | starica | old woman | noun ● jā-stem | |
старост | starost | old age | noun ● i-stem | |
стека | steka | flow together | verb ● e-verb | |
стена | stena | moan | verb ● e-verb | |
стена (2) | stena (2) | wall | noun ● ā-stem | |
стенание | stenanie | moaning | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
степен | stepen | step, trace, grade | noun ● i-stem | |
Стефан | Stefan | Stephanus | noun ● o-stem | |
стигам | stigam | reach | verb ● a-verb | |
стигна | stigna | reach | verb ● e-verb | |
стихия | stixija | element | noun ● jā-stem | |
сто | sto | hundred | numeral ● | |
стоене | stoene | standing | noun ● jo-stem | |
стока | stoka | goods | noun ● ā-stem | |
стократицеѭ | stokraticejǫ | hundred times | adverb ● | CS |
стол | stol | chair | noun ● monosyllabic | |
стольнъ | stolьnъ | throne (city) | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
стопанин | stopanin | husband | noun ● ethno-stem | |
стопаница | stopanica | wife | noun ● jā-stem | |
сторвам | storvam | cause | verb ● a-verb | |
сторя | storja | cause | verb ● i-verb | |
стотина | stotina | group of hundred | noun ● ā-stem | |
стотинен | stotinen | hundredth | adjective ● hard stem | |
стотник | stotnik | centurion, captain | noun ● o-stem | |
стоя | stoja | stand | verb ● i-verb | |
страдание | stradanie | suffering | noun ● jo-stem | |
страж | straž | guard | noun ● i-stem | CS |
стража | straža | guard | noun ● jā-stem | |
стражар | stražar | guard | noun ● jo-stem | |
страждам | straždam | suffer | verb ● a-verb | |
страна | strana | side, land | noun ● ā-stem | |
странен | stranen | strange | adjective ● hard stem | |
странник | strannik | foreigner | noun ● o-stem | |
страньствовати | stranьstvovati | be in a foreign land | verb ● e-verb | CS |
страстница | strastnica | passionate woman | noun ● jā-stem | Miklosich: strastьnica 'quae patitur' |
страстотрьпьць | strastotrьpьcь | martyr | noun ● jo-stem | A CS calque of gr. athlophoros. |
страх | strax | fear | noun ● monosyllabic | |
страхлив | straxliv | cowardly | adjective ● hard stem | |
страхота | straxota | fear | noun ● ā-stem | |
страхувам | straxuvam | fear, suffer | verb ● a-verb | BG straxuvam se 'fear'. Punčo uses the verb also without a reflexive with the meaning 'suffer', like modern BG stradam or straždam. This does not seem to be attested elsewhere (cf. BAN VII 490). |
страшен | strašen | terrible | adjective ● hard stem | |
Страшимир | Strašimir | Sratsimir | noun ● o-stem | |
страшно | strašno | terribly | adverb ● | |
стрела | strela | arrow | noun ● ā-stem | CS strěla |
стрелна | strelna | shoot | verb ● e-verb | |
стрелям | streljam | shoot | verb ● a-verb | |
стреляне | streljane | shooting | noun ● jo-stem | |
стройтел | stroitel | manager, builder | noun ● | Miklosich: stroitelь 'oikonomos'. The CS meaning suits the Punčo's context better than BG stroitel 'builder, mason'. |
строша | stroša | break into pieces | verb ● i-verb | |
строя | stroja | make, build | verb ● i-verb | |
струвам | struvam | do, count | verb ● a-verb | |
струга | struga | furrow, riverbed | noun ● ā-stem | makedonski.info: struga 'furrow, riverbed' |
стружа | struža | rip | verb ● e-verb | BAN VII 506: struža (1) dial. 'strъža' |
Струмица | Strumica | Strumitsa | noun ● jā-stem | Name of a river and city in Macedonia. |
стрѣжати | strěžati | guard | verb ● e-verb | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
студ | stud | cold | noun ● monosyllabic | |
студен | studen | cold | adjective ● hard stem | |
студень | studenь | cold | noun ● i-stem | CS |
стъкло | stъklo | glass | noun ● o-stem | CS stьklo |
стълба | stъlba | stairs | noun ● ā-stem | |
стълп | stъlp | pillar | noun ● monosyllabic | |
стълпник | stъlpnik | stylite | noun ● o-stem | |
стъпало | stъpalo | foot | noun ● o-stem | |
стърпя | stъrpja | suffer | verb ● i-verb | |
стяг | stěg | banner | noun ● monosyllabic | Miklosich: stěgъ 'vexillum'; A u-stem in CS. |
Суботин | Subotin | Subotin | noun ● o-stem | |
сугуб | sugub | twice | adverb ● | |
суетен | sueten | vain | adjective ● hard stem | |
Сулиман | Suliman | Sulayman | noun ● o-stem | |
сулимен | sulimen | a corrosive poison | noun ● o-stem | BAN VII 565: sulimen 'silna ximičeska otrova', 568: suljumen 'cinkov prax, s koito se pravi pomada' (ZnO ?) < tr. sülümen 'živačen dvuxlorid' (mercury dichloride, HgCl₂), SC sulimen 'arsenik, mišemor'. Unclear, what kind of substance is meant in Punčo's text, where it is mixed with vinegar for torture. As HgCl₂ is acidic and ZnO stable, perhaps the author had some other base substance in mind. |
султан | sultan | sultan | noun ● o-stem | |
супружница | supružnica | wife | noun ● jā-stem | Miklosich: sǫprǫžьnica 'syzygos, coniux' |
суров | surov | brutal, raw | adjective ● hard stem | |
сурово | surovo | brutally | adverb ● | |
сух | sux | dry, gaunt | adjective ● hard stem | |
сухо | suxo | drought | noun ● o-stem | |
суша | suša | dry | verb ● i-verb | |
суша (2) | suša (2) | drought | noun ● jā-stem | |
сфунгато | sfungato | roasted eggs | noun ● o-stem | BAN VII 633: sfungato 'părženi jajca s luk' (damaskinite, Trakija) < gr. sfouggaton |
сходя | sxodja | fall down (into bed) | verb ● i-verb | Unclear. Miklosich: sъxoditi sę 'descendere'. The meaning of BG sxoždam 'mnogo priličam na drug' (BAN VII 735) does not suit the Punčo's context. |
събера | sъbera | collect | verb ● e-verb | |
събирам | sъbiram | collect | verb ● a-verb | |
съблазник | sъblaznik | seducer | noun ● | |
съблазнь | sъblaznь | deceit | noun ● i-stem | CS |
съблазня | sъblaznja | seduce | verb ● i-verb | |
съблазнявам | sъblaznjavam | seduce | verb ● a-verb | |
съблека | sъbleka | put off clothes | verb ● e-verb | CS sъvlěšti, 1sg.prs sъvlěkǫ, 2sg sъvlěčeši. |
съблюсти | sъbljusti | preserve | verb ● i-verb | CS; 3sg.prs sъbljuditъ |
събор | sъbor | feast, assembly | noun ● o-stem | Used also for sabor 'sъbirane, sbor' (BAN VI 396, spelling also used by Carski). |
съборище | sъborište | place for an assembly | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
съборя | sъborja | tear down | verb ● i-verb | |
събости | sъbosti | injure | verb ● e-verb | CS |
събота | sъbota | Saturday | noun ● ā-stem | |
събрание | sъbranie | collection | noun ● jo-stem | |
събудя | sъbudja | wake up | verb ● i-verb | |
събыти | sъbyti | fulfill (prophecy) | verb ● irregular | CS. A common form is 3sg.aor zbi (< sъby[stъ]) |
съведа | sъveda | bring | verb ● e-verb | |
съведетельствовати | sъvědětelьstvovati | testify | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съвеза | sъveza | bind | verb ● e-verb | BAN I 128: veza, vežem (1) 'vrъzvam' < CS vęzati, 1.sg.prs vęžǫ |
съвезувам | sъvezuvam | bind, make match | verb ● a-verb | |
съвет | sъvět | advice, instruction, council | noun ● o-stem | CS sъvětъ |
съветник | sъvetnik | councillor | noun ● o-stem | |
съвкупя | sъvkupja | collect | verb ● i-verb | |
съвна | sъvna | dawn, hang down | verb ● e-verb | Unclear. The first meaning can be seen in the reflexive verb sъvna se 'sъmva se' (BAN VII 648). Punčo's meaning 'hang down' (savnaxa go ot drъvo+to) does not have parallels in the available dictionaries. |
съвръшение | sъvrъšenie | perfection | noun ● jo-stem | |
съвсем | sъvsem | at all | adverb ● | |
съвъзѧти | sъvъzęti | collect | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
съвърша | sъvъrša | finish | verb ● i-verb | BG svъrša. Punčo writes usually sov-, as by East CS norm. |
съвършено | sъvъršeno | fully | adverb ● | |
съвязати | sъvęzati | bind | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съвѣдѣти | sъvěděti | know, realize | verb ● athematic | CS |
съговор | sъgovor | agreement | noun ● o-stem | CS |
съгоденица | sъgodenica | fiancee | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
съгреша | sъgreša | sin | verb ● i-verb | |
съгрешавам | sъgrešavam | sin | verb ● a-verb | |
съгрешение | sъgrešenie | sin | noun ● jo-stem | CS sъgrěšenie |
съд | sъd | judgement, court | noun ● monosyllabic | CS sǫdъ - an o-stem. |
съдба | sъdba | judgement, fate | noun ● ā-stem | |
съдера | sъdera | rip | verb ● e-verb | |
съдея | sъdeja | perform a service | verb ● e-verb | |
съдилище | sъdilište | judgement seat | noun ● jo-stem | |
съдище | sъdište | judgement seat | noun ● jo-stem | |
съдия | sъdija | judge | noun ● jā-stem | CS sǫdija |
съдник | sъdnik | judge | noun ● o-stem | |
съдница | sъdnica | judgement seat | noun ● jā-stem | |
съдовище | sъdovište | judgement seat | noun ● jo-stem | Demina et al. 2012:971 - sъdovište 'strašnijat sъd v denja na vtoroto prišestvie na Isus Xristos' |
съдя | sъdja | judge | verb ● i-verb | |
съдѣвати | sъděvati | deal | verb ● e-verb | |
съединя | sъedinja | unite | verb ● i-verb | |
съжаля | sъžalja | regret | verb ● i-verb | |
съжещи | sъžešti | burn, cremate | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съживя | sъživja | reanimate | verb ● i-verb | Carski: 3sg.aor saxivi |
съживявам | sъživjavam | reanimate | verb ● a-verb | |
създам | sъzdam | create, found | verb ● a-verb | |
създание | sъzdanie | creation | noun ● jo-stem | |
създател | sъzdatel | creator, founder | noun ● jo-stem | |
съзидам | sъzidam | build | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 3sg.aor/prs saxiveva |
съзръцовати | sъzrъcovati | reflect, contemplate | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съкончание | sъkončanie | end | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
съконьчати | sъkonьčati | end, die | verb ● i-verb | CS; Miklosich: sъkonьčati 'syntelein, consummare'. Punčo uses it even transitively: tako skonča c-rь aleѯandria d-šu svoju lit. 'thus King Alexander ended his soul'. |
съкровище | sъkrovište | treasure | noun ● jo-stem | |
съкровница | sъkrovnica | treasure | noun ● jā-stem | |
съкруша | sъkruša | break | verb ● i-verb | |
сълза | sъlza | tear | noun ● ā-stem | |
сълзен | sъlzen | of tears | adjective ● hard stem | |
съликъствовати | sъlikъstvovati | stand face to face | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съложение | sъloženie | creation | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
сълъгати | sъlъgati | deceive | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съм | sъm | be | verb ● irregular | Used for most forms of the 'be' verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda. |
съматряти | sъmatrjati | watch | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съместя | sъmestja | fit in | verb ● i-verb | |
съмна | sъmna | break dawn, hang down | verb ● e-verb | See sъvna. |
съмнуване | sъmnuvane | dawn | noun ● jo-stem | Demina et al. 2012:978 - sъmnuvane 'sъmvane, razsъmvane' |
съмотрител | sъmotritel | overseer | noun ● jo-stem | CS; Miklosich: sъmotritelь 'oikonomos' |
съмотрити | sъmotriti | observe, notice | verb ● i-verb | CS |
съмѣрꙗти | sъměrjati | make peaceful | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съмѣшати | sъměšati | mix | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съмѫщати | sъmǫštati | confuse, stir | verb ● e-verb | CS |
сън | sъn | slumber, dream | noun ● monosyllabic | |
сънити | sъniti | descend | verb ● e-verb | CS |
сънлив | sъnliv | sleepy | adjective ● hard stem | |
сънувам | sъnuvam | have a dream | verb ● a-verb | |
сънѣсти | sъněsti | eat up | verb ● irregular | CS; 1sg sъnědǫ, 2sg sъněsi |
сънѧти | sъnęti | put down | verb ● irregular | CS (see ęti) |
съпинати | sъpinati | impede | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съпиша | sъpiša | write down | verb ● e-verb | |
съповѣдати | sъpovědati | explain | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съпона | sъpona | obstacle | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
съпребивание | sъprebivanie | cohabitation | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
съпротивник | sъprotivnik | adversary | noun ● o-stem | CS |
съпруг | sъprug | husband, yoke | noun ● o-stem | CS sǫprǫgъ. The meaning 'yoke' seems to be in CS only. The modern meaning is likely a RU influence. |
съпружество | sъpružestvo | marriage | noun ● o-stem | |
съпружница | sъpružnica | wife | noun ● jā-stem | |
съпътница | sъpъtnica | companion | noun ● jā-stem | CS sǫpǫtьnica |
съпяти | sъpęti | bind | verb ● e-verb | Miklosich: sъpęti 'pedan, compedibus adstringere'. CS meaning fits into Punčo's context better than BG spъna 'stumble'. |
съразумяти | sъrazuměti | recognize | verb ● e-verb | Miklosich: sъrazouměti 'cognoscere' |
сърбин | sъrbin | Serb | noun ● ethno-stem | |
Сърбия | Sъrbija | Serbia | noun ● jā-stem | CS also knows an i-stem Srъblь. |
сърдито | sъrdito | angrily | adverb ● | |
сърдце | sъrdce | heart | noun ● jo-stem | |
сърдцеволен | sъrdcevolen | heartful | adjective ● hard stem | Unclear. |
сърдя | sъrdja | be angry | verb ● i-verb | Usually reflexive, but Punčo also uses the transitive construction 3pl.impf srьdexa go 'they were angry with him'. |
сърп | sъrp | sickle | noun ● o-stem | Punčo: srьpii - the form possibly goes to a pl. form of jo-stem *sъrpie. |
съсати | sъsati | suck | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съсед | sъsed | neighbor | noun ● o-stem | An "ethno-stem" in Berl.d.. |
съседna | sъsedna | unmount | verb ● e-verb | |
съсека | sъseka | cut in pieces | verb ● e-verb | |
съсипа | sъsipa | destroy by falling | verb ● e-verb | |
съставя | sъstavja | rebuild | verb ● i-verb | |
съсуд | sъsud | ceremonial equipment | noun ● o-stem | Demina et al. 2012:982 - sъsudi 'utvari, cъrkovni bogoslužebni sъdove'; CS sъsǫdъ |
сътварям | sъtvarjam | create, do | verb ● a-verb | |
сътворение | sъtvorenie | creation | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
сътворя | sъtvorja | create, do | verb ● i-verb | |
сътещи | sъtešti | flow together | verb ● e-verb | CS, Punčo: 1sg.prs stečemь 'collect money'. |
сътльщи | sъtlьšti | crush | verb ● e-verb | From the Legend of Troy. Miklosich: sъtlěšti, 1sg.prs sъtlьkǫ, 2sg sъtlьčeši |
сътрѣти | sъtrěti | destroy | verb ● e-verb | CS |
сътѣкати | sъtěkati | flow towards each other | verb ● e-verb | CS |
сътѧжати | sъtęžati | acquire | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съхождати | sъxoždati | descend | verb ● e-verb | CS |
съхождение | sъxoždenie | descent | noun ● jo-stem | CS, derivative of sъniti. |
съхраня | sъxranja | protect | verb ● i-verb | |
съшия | sъšija | sew together | verb ● e-verb | |
същипя | sъštipja | pluck | verb ● e-verb | rechnik.chitanka: štipja 'pričinjavam leka bolka, kato uxapvam' |
сьде | sьde | here | pronoun ● | CS; commonly written also as zde. The lemma also encompasses forms semo (with allative meaning) and (ot+) sǫdu (ablative). |
сюдана | sjudana | wet nurse | noun ● ā-stem | Carski: siudana. Google: tr. süd anne 'wet nurse' (lit. 'milk mother') |
сянка | sěnka | shadow | noun ● ā-stem | Written often as senkja by Punčo. |
Сяр | Sěr | Serres | noun ● o-stem | |
сѣдалище | sědalište | cathedra, chair | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
сѣкакъв | sěkakъv | any kind | adjective ● hard stem | Dialectal variant of vsěkakъv (cf. Demina et al. 2012:986). |
сѣкам | sěkam | think, consider | verb ● a-verb | Demina et al. 2012:986 - sěkam 'mislja, smjatam' |
сѣкоги | sěkogi | always | pronoun ● | Dialectal variant of vsěkoga (cf. BAN I 194). |
сѣкогишен | sěkogišen | everyday | adjective ● hard stem | Dialectal variant of vsěkogišen (cf. BAN I 195). |
сѣнь | sěn | shadow, dwelling | noun ● i-stem | CS |
сѣръ | sěr | shimmering | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
сѣсти | sěsti | sit down | verb ● e-verb | CS, 1sg.prs sędǫ, 2sg sędeši, 2/3sg.aor sěde |
сѣтование | sětovanie | sorrow | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
та | ta | and, thus | conjunction ● | BAN VII 731: ta sz., čast. za dobavjane na novo, srodno i po-silno kačestvo ili obraz (= i, če), za izrazjavane na vrăzka i sledstvie (= i, da, za da), za văveždane na podčineno izrečenie za cel (= za da) ili za sledstvie (poradi koeto, če), za pojasnjavane na nešto zagatnoto (= če) etc. |
Таган | Tagan | Tagan | noun ● o-stem | |
Тадера | Tadera | Tatra | noun ● ā-stem | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. Unclear etymology, appears only in the CIAI 1161 version. Connection to Tatra is pure guessing. |
Таисия | Taisia | Thaïs | noun ● jā-stem | |
тайна | taina | secret | noun ● ā-stem | |
тайно | taino | secretly | adverb ● | |
тайнство | tainstvo | secret | noun ● o-stem | |
така | taka | thus | pronoun ● | CS tako |
такожде | takožde | in the same way | pronoun ● | CS |
такъв | takъv | such | adjective ● hard stem | Punčo uses the pl. form takviva. |
такъвзи | takъvzi | such | pronoun ● | Demina et al. 2012:995 - takъvzi 'takъv' |
талаз | talaz | wave | noun ● o-stem | From gr. thalassa 'sea' |
там | tam | there | adverb ● | Used if final -o is not present. |
тамазлък | tamazlъk | cattle | noun ● o-stem | BAN VII 788: tamazlъk 'dobit i otgledan v kъšti dobitъk (a ne kupen)', < tr. damızlık 'životno ili rastenie za razplod' |
тамам | tamam | exactly | adverb ● | Carski's word. Mauricio: Tamam 'appunto'. BAN VII 789: tamam 'točno' < tr. tamam < ar. tamām 'pălen, cjal' |
тамо | tamo | there | adverb ● | Modern BG codifies tam, but older sources use prevalently tamo, which is common in CS texts too. Originally an allative correlant of tu, it seems to have replaced it in a static locative function too (e.g. sьtvori tamo čjudesa 'he did there miracles' here). |
тамян | tamjan | thyme | noun ● o-stem | |
тамянов | tamjanov | of thyme | adjective ● hard stem | |
Тарс | Tars | Tarsus | noun ● o-stem | An ancient city in Cilicia (today Turkey), birthplace of Paul the Apostle and St. Mary of Tarsus (chapter 030). |
тарсийски | tarsiiski | of Tarsus | adjective ● hard stem | |
Тартар | Tartar | Tartaros | noun ● o-stem | |
татаре | tatare | Tatars | noun ● jo-stem | |
тафра | tafra | decorate (oneself) | verb ● i-verb | BAN VII 845: tafra se (Gorna i Dolna Vasilica, Ixtimansko) 'kontja se, gizdja se', < tr. tafra 'visokomerie, nadutost' < ar. tafrah 'skok' |
тафра (2) | tafra (2) | arrogance | noun ● uninflected | |
тафраджи | tafradži | braggart | noun ● new i-stem | |
тача | tača | respect, stitch | verb ● i-verb | Punčo: idi predi i tači i da ne mašь mira . Possibly influence (or cognate) of RU tačať 'stitch'? BG tača 'respect' is possible, too, if there is an omission in the text. |
твар | tvar | creation | noun ● i-stem | CS |
твой | tvoi | your | adjective ● pronominal soft stem | |
творение | tvorenie | making | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
творец | tvorec | creator | noun ● jo-stem | |
творя | tvorja | do, create | verb ● i-verb | |
твърд | tvъrd | hard | adjective ● hard stem | |
твърдо | tvъrdo | hard | adverb ● | |
твърдоглав | tvъrdoglav | stubborn | adjective ● hard stem | |
твърдя | tvъrdja | harden | verb ● i-verb | |
те | tě | they | pronoun ● | Also used for 3pl personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: těx Pp3-pg, im or mgi Pp3-pd, gi or ix Pp3-pa Punčo prefers oni as pl.nom form. |
Тебоухъ | Tebux | Phoebus | noun ● o-stem | Ruseva (2011:112) - Apollo, i.e. his epithet Phoebus 'bright' (BG Feb). |
тегля | teglja | draw | verb ● i-verb | |
тегота | tegota | hardship, weight, burden | noun ● ā-stem | Miklosich: tęgota 'baros, onus' |
тегчелив | tegčeliv | making hardships | adjective ● hard stem | Unclear word, used by Punčo along CS neprijaznenь. Likely related to otegča 'annoy', lit. 'put burdens' (if the root is based on *tęg-). |
тежко | težko | heavily | adverb ● | |
тежкосръдец | težkosrъdec | heavy-hearted one | noun ● jo-stem | CS tęžьkosrъdъ |
тежък | težъk | heavy | adjective ● hard stem | |
Тезиш | Teziš | Theseus | noun ● jo-stem | |
тека | teka | flow | verb ● e-verb | |
Телезвий | Telezvii | Telets | noun ● new i-stem | |
Телериг | Telerig | Telerig | noun ● o-stem | |
телесен | tělesen | bodily | adjective ● hard stem | |
телял | teljal | herold | noun ● jo-stem | BAN VII 924: teljal 'glašatai' < tr. tellal < ar. dallāl |
тента | tenta | tent | noun ● ā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Miklosich: tenъta 'tentorium'. |
Теодор | Teodor | Theodore | noun ● o-stem | |
Теодоров | Teodorov | of Theodore | adjective ● hard stem | |
Теодота | Teodota | Theodota | noun ● ā-stem | |
Теодоша | Teodoša | Theodosia | noun ● jā-stem | The name appears with both -ša and -šija in Punčo's text. |
Теодошин | Teodošin | of Theodosia | adjective ● hard stem | |
Теофан | Teofan | Theophanes | noun ● o-stem | |
Теофана | Teofana | Theophano | noun ● ā-stem | |
Теофанов | Teofanov | of Theophanes | adjective ● hard stem | |
Теофилакт | Teofilakt | Theophylact | noun ● o-stem | |
Тербал | Terbal | Terbal | noun ● o-stem | Probably a spelling variant of Trivelii, i.e. the name of khan Tervel. |
Тесвия | Tesvija | Tishbe | noun ● jā-stem | Mentioned in 1 Kings 17:1 (CS/LXX - 3 Kings 17:1) as the birthplace of Prophet Elijah. |
тескере | teskere | notice, permit | noun ● nt-stem | Wiki: link |
теснота | tesnota | narrowness, anxiety | noun ● ā-stem | |
теталийски | tetaliiski | of Thessaly | adjective ● hard stem | |
Теталия | Tetalija | Thessaly | noun ● jā-stem | |
Тетиша | Tetiša | Thetis | noun ● jā-stem | |
тетка | tetka | aunt | noun ● ā-stem | |
тефтер | tefter | notebook | noun ● o-stem | |
техен | těxen | their | adjective ● hard stem | |
теша | teša | consolate | verb ● i-verb | CS těšiti |
ти | ti | you | pronoun ● | Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, te Pp2-sa The nominative and dative forms are homonymous (ti) in both vernacular and literature, including PPS. A distinct 2sg.nom ty is sometimes used regularily in CS texts - if so, this is specially indicated in corpus files by using the lemma ty. |
Тивоуцеръ | Tivucer | Teucer | noun ● o-stem | |
тиквица | tikvica | pumpkin | noun ● jā-stem | |
типографен | tipografen | printed | adjective ● hard stem | |
тих | tix | silent | adjective ● hard stem | |
тихо | tixo | silently | adverb ● | |
тичам | tičam | run | verb ● a-verb | |
тишина | tišina | silence | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
тласкам | tlaskam | push | verb ● a-verb | |
тленен | tlenen | prone to rotting | adjective ● hard stem | |
тлея | tleja | smolder, rot | verb ● e-verb | CS tlěti |
тля | tlja | decay | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
то | to | that, then | particle ● | Used as a pronoun or conjunction (e.g. to bi otkrilъ bgъ nekoę čudesa 'then God would show some miracles'). The lemma does not reflect the n.sg.def suffix - if it is used following a noun using it as a determiner, the lemma tъ is used instead. |
това | tova | that | pronoun ● | The basic form reflects n.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers m.sg oblique forms togova (Pd-msg) and tomuva (Pd-msd). |
товар | tovar | goods | noun ● o-stem | |
тогава | togava | then | adverb ● relative | |
тогази | togazi | then | pronoun ● | |
тогда | togda | then | adverb ● | CS |
тогива | togiva | then | pronoun ● | |
тогизи | togizi | then | pronoun ● | |
тогов | togov | his | adjective ● hard stem | |
тогы | togy | then | pronoun ● | From the Legend of Troy. |
този | tozi | that | pronoun ● | The basic form reflects m.sg.nom as codified today. In damaskini, toizi is more common. Covers also f.sg.nom tazi, acc tьzi, m.sg.gen/acc togozi, dat tomuzi, pl tezi. |
той | toi | he | pronoun ● | Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form. |
тойже | toiže | the same | pronoun ● | From the Legend of Troy. The attested form tyǫže (noštь) seems to combine sg.gen and acc forms. |
токо | toko | only | adverb ● | |
Толентино | Tolentino | Tolentino | noun ● o-stem | A city in the Marches in Italy. |
толко | tolko | so much | pronoun ● | CS toliko |
толкова | tolkova | as much | pronoun ● | Punčo rarely uses case-marked forms like tolkovu and tolkovь. |
толкози | tolkozi | as much | pronoun ● | |
томити | tomiti | torment | verb ● e-verb | CS |
томление | tomlenie | torment | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
топ | top | bundle, cannon, cannonball | noun ● monosyllabic | Nisanyansozluk: tr. top 'yuvarlak nesne, küre' ('sphere') < otr. tolp |
топъл | topъl | warm | adjective ● hard stem | |
топя | topja | drown | verb ● i-verb | |
тоуждь | tužd | foreign | adjective ● soft stem | OCS variant of čužd, also found in the Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
точа | toča | pour | verb ● i-verb | |
точило | točilo | wine press | noun ● o-stem | |
тоя | toja | that | pronoun ● | The basic form reflects m.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers f.sg.nom taja (Pd-fsn), f.sg.acc tuju (Pd-fsa) and pl.nom tija (Pd--pa). |
тояга | tojaga | club | noun ● ā-stem | |
тража | traža | search | verb ● i-verb | |
тракийски | trakiiski | of Thrace | adjective ● hard stem | |
Тракия | Trakija | Thrace | noun ● jā-stem | |
трап | trap | hole | noun ● monosyllabic | |
трапеза | trapeza | table | noun ● ā-stem | |
трапезица | trapezica | table | noun ● jā-stem | |
трева | trěva | grass | noun ● ā-stem | |
тревица | trevica | grass | noun ● jā-stem | |
трепати | trepati | flutter, flap | verb ● e-verb | CS |
треперене | trepеrene | trembling | noun ● jo-stem | |
треперя | treperja | tremble | verb ● i-verb | |
трепет | trepet | trembling | noun ● o-stem | |
трепна | trepna | swoop | verb ● e-verb | Also used for 3sg.aor trepetnu (based on present stem of re-verbalized *trepetnǫti ?) in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. |
треса | tresa | shake | verb ● e-verb | |
трети | treti | third | adjective ● hard stem | |
три | tri | three | numeral ● | |
Тривалия | Trivalija | Triballia | noun ● jā-stem | A common name for Serbia or, more specifically, Timok or South Moravia Valley in Byzantine sources, based on the ethnonym of Triballi, a Thracian tribe living in the area in ancient times. |
Тривелий | Trivelii | Tervel | noun ● new i-stem | The name used by Paisius for the second khan of Danube Bulgaria (ruling 700-721). He is sometimes called a saint, likely for his aid to Byzantines during the Muslim siege of Constantinople in 717-718. However, Paisius ascribes this victory to a king called Asen (not the one from 12th century). |
Тривелин | Trivelin | of Tervel | adjective ● hard stem | |
тривон | trivon | oil, lubricant | noun ● o-stem | Unclear. wiktionary: gr. tribō 'rub' |
триглавник | triglavnik | three-headed one | noun ● o-stem | Triglav? Used as an epithet of Devil. Miklosich: triglavьnъ 'triceps' |
триглѣнъ | triglěn | triple (?) | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. The meaning is unclear, morphologically it is used as an adjective: piaxǫ črъvlena vina triglěna. Gr. triglēnos 'thrice-eyed' appears as an epithet of various things, but not wine. Veselovskij (1888:71) speculated about a mistranslated Latin source: in triclino 'in the dining room'. |
трижди | triždi | thrice | adverb ● | |
трисиятелен | trisijatelen | thrice-shining | adjective ● hard stem | Miklosich: trisijanьnъ 'valde splendens' |
трискръбен | triskrъben | thrice-sad | adjective ● hard stem | |
трия | trija | rub | verb ● e-verb | |
Троада | Troada | Troas | noun ● ā-stem | |
трое | troe | group of three | adjective ● soft stem | CS |
Тройлоуша | Troiluša | Tros | noun ● jā-stem | |
тройски | troiski | Trojan | adjective ● hard stem | |
тройца | troica | trinity, group of three | noun ● jā-stem | |
тройчен | troičen | of trinity | adjective ● hard stem | |
трон | tron | throne | noun ● monosyllabic | |
тропар | tropar | troparion | noun ● o-stem | |
троха | troxa | crumbs | noun ● ā-stem | |
троша | troša | ravage | verb ● i-verb | |
трошица | trošica | crumbs | noun ● jā-stem | |
Троя | Troja | Troy | noun ● jā-stem | |
троянин | trojanin | Trojan | noun ● ethno-stem | |
трубило | trubilo | trumpet | noun ● o-stem | Punčo's word, likely a -(d)lo derivative of trǫbiti 'blow trumpet'. Otherwise attested only in čak. HR, but with a secondary meaning (wiktionary: trubilo 'glupan'). |
труд | trud | work | noun ● monosyllabic | |
труден | truden | hard, pregnant | adjective ● hard stem | |
трудя | trudja | work | verb ● i-verb | |
труп | trup | corpse | noun ● monosyllabic | |
трус | trus | shaking | noun ● monosyllabic | |
труса | trusa | shake | verb ● i-verb | |
трутя | trutja | impale | verb ● i-verb | Used by Punčo: 3pl.aor/impf trutixa. Unclear, possibly a mispelling of turja. |
тръба | trъba | trumpet, roll | noun ● ā-stem | |
тръгна | trъgna | leave | verb ● e-verb | |
тръние | trъnie | thorns | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
тръстига | trъstiga | stonecrop | noun ● ā-stem | Unclear, possibly related to tlъstiga 'sedum', as well as CS trъstь 'reed'. |
тръшкам | trъškam | throw to the ground | verb ● a-verb | |
трябва | trěbva | need | verb ● a-verb | Also includes variants like trebuva, treba, trebue, etc. |
трясък | trěsъk | rumble | noun ● o-stem | |
ту | tu | there | pronoun ● | CS |
тува | tuva | here | pronoun ● | Not in dictionaries, used by Punčo. Likely loc. root tu + dem. suffix -va. |
тука | tuka | here | pronoun ● | |
тумрук | tumruk | wooden shackles | noun ● o-stem | RBE: tumruk (tur.) 'dve težki dъrveta za stjagane krakata na nakazan' |
тупане | tupane | drumming | noun ● jo-stem | |
турски | turski | Turkish | adjective ● hard stem | |
туртица | turtica | loaf | noun ● jā-stem | |
турча | turča | make Turkish | verb ● i-verb | |
турчин | turčin | Turk | noun ● ethno-stem | |
туря | turja | throw, put | verb ● i-verb | |
турям | turjam | throw, put | verb ● a-verb | |
тутакси | tutaksi | suddenly | adverb ● | |
тухмет | tuxmet | imputation | noun ● uninflected | Nisanyansozluk: tr. töhmet < ar. tuhma, root wahama 'boş kuşkuya kapıldı' ('have no doubt'). Punčo: da ne drьžime tuxmetь 'so that we hold no doubts'. |
тучен | tučen | fruitful | adjective ● hard stem | |
тъ | tъ | the | pronoun ● | Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article. Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: tъ Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te 'from the eyes': Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo 'and he angered the king': Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi 'because of that': Pd--sg In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root tъ is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči 'her eyes': Pp3fsg The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stol'po 'the pillar': Nmson |
тъга | tъga | sorrow | noun ● ā-stem | |
тъгувам | tъguvam | be sad | verb ● a-verb | |
тъгуване | tъguvane | sorrow | noun ● jo-stem | |
тъжде | tъžde | the same | pronoun ● | CS |
тъжен | tъžen | sad | adjective ● hard stem | |
тъжя | tъžja | be sad | verb ● i-verb | |
тъй | tъi | thus | adverb ● | |
тъкмеж | tъkmež | preparation, character | noun ● jo-stem | Meaning taken from RBE: link. Used to translate CS estestvo 'nature, character' in Berl.d. |
тъкмо | tъkmo | just | adverb ● | |
тъма | tъma | darkness | noun ● ā-stem | |
тъмен | tъmen | dark | adjective ● hard stem | |
тъмница | tъmnica | dungeon | noun ● jā-stem | Usually written with an e in the root (temnica, temničarъ). |
тъмничар | tъmničar | dungeon guard | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo sometimes uses the singulative suffix - temničarinъ. |
тъмничен | tъmničen | of a dungeon | adjective ● hard stem | |
тъмнообразен | tъmnoobrazen | dark-shaped | adjective ● hard stem | |
тънко | tъnko | delicately | adverb ● | |
тънък | tъnъk | delicate | adjective ● hard stem | |
търг | tъrg | marketplace | noun ● monosyllabic | A u-stem in CS. |
търговец | tъrgovec | merchant | noun ● jo-stem | |
търговина | tъrgovina | business | noun ● ā-stem | |
търгувам | tъrguvam | do business | verb ● a-verb | |
търкалче | tъrkalče | loaf, host | noun ● nt-stem | Carski: jedno maninco tarkalce. Now likely denoting a kind of cake (link). |
търкалям | tъrkaljam | tumble about | verb ● a-verb | |
търкам | tъrkam | rub | verb ● a-verb | |
търне | tъrne | thorns | noun ● jo-stem | |
Търнов | Tъrnov | Tarnovo | noun ● o-stem | Or Tъrnovo, capital of the Second Bulgarian Empire. |
търновски | tъrnovski | of Tarnovo | adjective ● hard stem | |
търпелив | tъrpeliv | patient | adjective ● hard stem | |
търпение | tъrpenie | patience, endurance | noun ● jo-stem | |
търпя | tъrpja | suffer, endure | verb ● i-verb | |
търся | tъrsja | search | verb ● i-verb | |
търча | tъrča | run | verb ● i-verb | |
тъчиıѫ | tъčijǫ | only | adverb ● | CS |
тъща | tъšta | mother in law, mother of the bride | noun ● ā-stem | CS tьšta |
тъщание | tъštanie | effort, struggle | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
тъщета | tъšteta | damage, vanity | noun ● ā-stem | CS tъšteta |
тъщя | tъštja | struggle | verb ● i-verb | |
ты | ty | you | pronoun ● | CS. Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, ti Pp2-sd, tę Pp2-sa, tebě Pp2-sl, toboju Pp2-si Used only in CS texts, and only if /y/ and /ě/ are used regularily on its respective etymological positions. |
тысѫща | tysǫšta | thousand | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
тя | tja | she | pronoun ● | Also used for f3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: neja Pp3fsg, nei or i Pp3fsd, ja or ju Pp3fsa Punčo prefers ona as the f.3sg.nom form. |
тяло | tělo | body | noun ● s-stem | |
тясен | těsen | narrow | adjective ● hard stem | RBE: link |
тяснота | těsnota | narrowness | noun ● ā-stem | |
тѫдоу | tǫdu | thence | adverb ● | CS, see kǫdu for details. |
у | u | at | preposition ● with gen | |
Уалент | Ualent | Valens | noun ● o-stem | Paisius' spelling (taken over by Punčo) of the name of Emperor Valens, ruling the Eastern half in years 364-378, until his death following the Battle of Adrianople. |
убегна | uběgna | run away | verb ● e-verb | |
убивам | ubivam | murder, kill | verb ● a-verb | |
убивание | ubivanie | killing | noun ● jo-stem | |
убииство | ubiistvo | murder | noun ● o-stem | |
убийца | ubiica | murderer | noun ● jā-stem | |
убия | ubija | murder, kill | verb ● e-verb | |
убог | ubog | poor | adjective ● hard stem | |
убоя | uboja | be afraid | verb ● i-verb | |
уведа | uveda | lead in | verb ● e-verb | A dialectal variant of BG vъveda. |
уверя | uvěrja | be persuaded | verb ● a-verb | |
увидя | uvidja | see | verb ● i-verb | |
увлека | uvleka | drag in | verb ● e-verb | |
уводя | uvodja | lead in | verb ● i-verb | A dialectal variant of BG vъvodja. |
увярвам | uvěrvam | begin to believe | verb ● a-verb | Not in dictionaries, Punčo uses it as a reflexive verb. |
угаждам | ugaždam | be pleasing, acceptable | verb ● a-verb | In Berl.d. also 'place into grave'. |
угасна | ugasna | be extinguished | verb ● e-verb | |
угаснувам | ugasnuvam | be extinguished | verb ● e-verb | |
угася | ugasja | extinguish | verb ● i-verb | |
угасявам | ugasjavam | extinguish | verb ● a-verb | |
угнусвам | ugnusvam | make disgusting | verb ● a-verb | Used by Punčo to translate CS oskvernęetъ. |
угодвам | ugodvam | please, follow | verb ● a-verb | BG ugaždam |
угоден | ugoden | pleasing, acceptable | adjective ● hard stem | |
угодник | ugodnik | follower, favorite | noun ● o-stem | Miklosich: ougodьnikъ božii 'enaretos, virtute praeditus' |
угодно | ugodno | pleasing, acceptably | adverb ● | |
угодя | ugodja | be pleasing, acceptable | verb ● i-verb | |
угождам | ugoždam | please, follow | verb ● a-verb | |
угождение | ugoždenie | pleasure | noun ● jo-stem | |
уготвя | ugotvja | prepare | verb ● i-verb | |
удавя | udavja | suffocate | verb ● i-verb | |
удар | udar | strike | noun ● o-stem | |
ударя | udarja | strike | verb ● i-verb | |
ударявам | udarjavam | strike | verb ● a-verb | |
удвоя | udvoja | become double | verb ● i-verb | |
удивя | udivja | become astonished | verb ● i-verb | |
удица | udica | hook | noun ● jā-stem | BG vъdica. Wiktionary: s-cr. udica 'Naprava od metala u vidu kukice, koja služi za hvatanje ribe.' |
удуша | uduša | strangle | verb ● i-verb | |
удържа | udъrža | hold, control | verb ● i-verb | |
ужас | užas | terror | noun ● o-stem | |
ужася | užasja | become terrified | verb ● i-verb | |
узема | uzema | take | verb ● e-verb | BG vzema |
узимам | uzimam | take | verb ● a-verb | |
укачя | ukačja | mount, load | verb ● i-verb | |
укор | ukor | derision | noun ● o-stem | |
укоря | ukorja | deride | verb ● i-verb | |
укорявам | ukorjavam | deride | verb ● a-verb | |
украдна | ukradna | steal, lurk | verb ● e-verb | BG otkradna |
украся | ukrasja | make beautiful | verb ● i-verb | |
украшение | ukrašenie | decoration | noun ● jo-stem | |
укрепвам | ukrepvam | make stronger | verb ● a-verb | |
укрепя | ukrepja | make stronger | verb ● i-verb | |
укрия | ukrija | hide | verb ● e-verb | |
укротя | ukrotja | tame | verb ● i-verb | |
Уликиан | Ulikian | Ulceius | noun ● o-stem | CS Ulkii, prefect of Caesarea, the tormentor of St. Procopius. In other sources, he appears as Paulinus (link, likely underlying the forms Ulian or Ulianinь, attested in Punčo's text) or Flavian (link). In Prologue/Punčo's version, Flavian succeeds Ulceius as the prefect after his death. |
Уликианов | Ulikianov | of Ulceius | adjective ● hard stem | |
улица | ulica | street | noun ● jā-stem | |
уловя | ulovja | hunt down | verb ● i-verb | |
уляза | ulěza | enter | verb ● e-verb | A dialectal variant of BG vlěza. |
улязна | ulězna | enter | verb ● e-verb | A dialectal variant of BG vlězna. |
ум | um | intellect | noun ● monosyllabic | |
умаля | umalja | become less | verb ● i-verb | |
умарати | umarati | get tired | verb ● a-verb | SC |
умен | umen | clever, pertaining to the mind | adjective ● hard stem | |
умервам | umervam | measure | verb ● a-verb | |
умея | umeja | can, know | verb ● e-verb | |
умилен | umilen | nice | adjective ● hard stem | |
умилено | umileno | nicely | adverb ● | |
умилостивя | umilostivja | have mercy | verb ● i-verb | |
умиля | umilja | have mercy | verb ● i-verb | |
умирам | umiram | die | verb ● a-verb | |
умиря | umirja | soften | verb ● i-verb | |
умисля | umislja | think, conceive a thought | verb ● a-verb | CS umysliti, 2sg.prs umysliši (an i-verb) and umyšljati, 2sg.prs umyšljaeši (an e-verb). In modern BG umislja se 'potъvam v tъžni misli' (rechnik.chitanka). |
умия | umija | wash | verb ● e-verb | |
умложа | umloža | become many | verb ● i-verb | A dialectal variant of umnoža. |
умлъкна | umlъkna | become silent | verb ● e-verb | |
умножа | umnoža | become many | verb ● i-verb | |
умоля | umolja | beg out | verb ● i-verb | |
уморя | umorja | kill | verb ● i-verb | BG umorja 'become tired' |
умра | umra | die | verb ● e-verb | |
умъдря | umъdrja | make wise | verb ● i-verb | |
умъртвя | umъrtvja | make dead | verb ● i-verb | |
унoся | unosja | carry in | verb ● i-verb | A dialectal variant of BG vnosja. |
унгия | ungija | ounce | noun ● jā-stem | CS |
унеса | unesa | carry in | verb ● e-verb | A dialectal variant of BG vnesa. |
упадвам | upadvam | fall | verb ● a-verb | |
упадна | upadna | fall | verb ● e-verb | CS oupasti |
упазя | upazja | protect, save | verb ● i-verb | A dialectal variant of BG opazja (cf. Demina et al. 2012:1058). |
упазявам | upazjavam | protect, save | verb ● a-verb | |
упиша | upiša | describe | verb ● e-verb | |
уплаша | uplaša | scare | verb ● i-verb | |
упоганя | upoganja | become defiled | verb ● i-verb | RBE: link |
уподобя | upodobja | make alike | verb ● i-verb | |
упокоя | upokoja | give peace | verb ● i-verb | |
управител | upravitel | administrator | noun ● jo-stem | |
упражнявам | upražnjavam | exercise | verb ● a-verb | CS oupražnjati |
упрегна | upregna | couple (a wagon) | verb ● e-verb | A variant of BG napregna? |
уприлича | upriliča | imitate | verb ● i-verb | Demina et al. 2012:1059 - upriliča 'opriliča se, stana podoben na nešto' |
уприличавам | upriličavam | imitate | verb ● a-verb | |
упустя | upustja | let in | verb ● i-verb | BG vъpustja? |
уработя | urabotja | work hard | verb ● i-verb | |
Урвич | Urvič | Urvich | noun ● jo-stem | A ruined fortress close to Samokov. |
уредно | uredno | duly | adverb ● | |
уредя | uredja | put to order | verb ● i-verb | |
Уриил | Uriil | Uriel | noun ● o-stem | An archangel mentioned in apocryphal sources (e.g. 1 Enoch 9:1). wiki |
урод | urod | fool | noun ● o-stem | |
уседна | usedna | mount | verb ● e-verb | BG usedna 'settle' |
усетя | usetja | notice | verb ● i-verb | |
усещам | useštam | notice | verb ● a-verb | |
усилен | usilen | hard, demanding | adjective ● hard stem | |
усиля | usilja | force | verb ● i-verb | In the context (i u ezero beše se usilila edna prokleta xala źmia 'and in the lake there settled an accursed xala-dragon') the word could reflect BG vselja 'settle'. |
усладвам | usladvam | sweeten | verb ● a-verb | CS sladěti |
усмъ | usmъ | leather stripes | noun ● o-stem | CS; Miklosich: ousmъ 'endyma, indumentum', 'dermata, corium' |
усмърдя | usmъrdja | become stinky | verb ● i-verb | |
успати | uspati | put asleep, die | verb ● i-verb | CS; Miklosich: ousъpati 'koimēѳēnai, obdormiscere' |
успея | uspeja | succeed | verb ● e-verb | |
успявам | uspjavam | succeed | verb ● a-verb | |
усред | usred | in the middle | preposition ● with gen | |
уста | usta | mouth | noun ● o-stem | |
устав | ustav | rules | noun ● o-stem | |
устат | ustat | speaking too much | adjective ● hard stem | RBE: ustat 'koito govori mnogo' |
устие | ustie | entrance, delta | noun ● jo-stem | |
устрелна | ustrelna | shoot | verb ● e-verb | |
устреля | ustrelja | shoot | verb ● i-verb | |
устремя | ustremja | focus, move towards | verb ● i-verb | CS oustrъmiti sę (an e-verb). |
устроя | ustroja | construct, prepare | verb ● i-verb | |
усуча | usuča | twist | verb ● i-verb | |
усърдие | usъrdie | zeal | noun ● jo-stem | |
усърдно | usъrdno | zealously | adverb ● | |
утвърдя | utvъrdja | harden, train | verb ● i-verb | |
утека | uteka | run away | verb ● e-verb | A dialectal variant of BG otteka. |
утеша | uteša | consolate | verb ● i-verb | |
утешвам | utešvam | consolate | verb ● a-verb | |
утешение | utešenie | consolation | noun ● jo-stem | |
утре | utre | morning | noun ● jo-stem | CS outrě |
утреня | utrenja | of morning | adjective ● soft stem | The lemma commonly appears in a nominalized f.sg form, meaning 'morning liturgy'. |
утрин | utrin | morning | noun ● i-stem | CS outrina |
утроба | utroba | womb, bowels | noun ● ā-stem | |
утъкмя | utъkmja | harden | verb ● i-verb | |
утърпя | utъrpja | suffer | verb ● i-verb | |
уфана | ufana | grasp | verb ● e-verb | |
уфатя | ufatja | grasp | verb ● i-verb | |
ухапя | uxapja | bite | verb ● e-verb | |
ухо | uxo | ear | noun ● o-stem | Pl. form uši is annotated as a dual (Nndnn). |
уцянити | ucěniti | hire | verb ● i-verb | Miklosich: oucěniti 'mercede conducere' |
уча | uča | learn | verb ● i-verb | |
ученик | učenik | follower | noun ● o-stem | |
учиня | učinja | do | verb ● i-verb | |
учител | učitel | teacher | noun ● jo-stem | |
учювам | učjuvam | protect | verb ● a-verb | Demina et al. 2012:1069 - učjuvam 'opazvam; pazja ot grexove' |
файда | faida | benefit | noun ● ā-stem | Google: tr. fayda 'benefit' |
файдувам | faiduvam | benefit | verb ● a-verb | Not found in dictionaries. |
фала | fala | praise | noun ● ā-stem | CS/BG xvala |
фаля | falja | praise | verb ● i-verb | CS/BG xvalja |
фана | fana | catch | verb ● e-verb | BG xvana |
фараон | faraon | Pharaoh | noun ● o-stem | |
фараонов | faraonov | Pharaoh's | adjective ● hard stem | |
фариа | faria | mare | noun ● jā-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Likely not related to unclear CS farija (probably 'picture') mentioned by Miklosich. |
фариж | fariž | horse | noun ● jo-stem | From the Legend of Troy. Sometimes appears as a variant of the name Paris (CS parižь). Vasmer (IV 187): farь, CS faryžъ 'porodistyj konь, skakun' < mgr. farēs < ar. fāris 'horse'. |
фарисейски | fariseiski | of the Pharisees | adjective ● hard stem | |
фатя | fatja | capture | verb ● i-verb | BG xvatja |
Фелеспон | Felespon | Tenes | noun ● o-stem | Unclear, but according to Veselovskij (1888:82), the name likely had a T- in the beginning. The lemma is based on Ruseva (2011:115). In the Legend, he is also the father of Briseis-Hippodameia, i.e. ʺBriseusʺ, a Lelegian king of Pedasus somewhere in Aegean. Also see the entry on Žerobon. |
Фелеш | Feleš | Peleus | noun ● jo-stem | Also pelešь. Pypin's edition of the Legend of Troy has Velešъ carъ. |
Фелешев | Felešev | of Peleus | adjective ● hard stem | Spelled fereleševъ and ferleševa and in the Legend. Jagić has also sg.nom/acc Pělěučevišta. |
Ферара | Ferara | Ferrara | noun ● ā-stem | |
ферман | ferman | firman | noun ● o-stem | Google: tr. ferman 'edict'; Punčo uses pl. fermane. |
Ферман | Ferman | Thereman | noun ● o-stem | Site of the graves of St.St. Cosmas and Damian, likely near Amida (RU), modern Diyarbakır. |
филибелийски | filibeliiski | of Filibe | adjective ● hard stem | Filibe - Turkish name of Plovdiv (Philippopolis). |
Филип | Filip | Philipp | noun ● | |
Филипов | Filipov | Philipp's | adjective ● hard stem | |
филистински | filistinski | Philistine | adjective ● hard stem | |
философ | filosof | philosopher | noun ● hard stem | |
Фисон | Fison | Pishon | noun ● o-stem | A river flowing from Eden flowing around Havilah (Gen 2:11), a land otherwise unclear. Scanlon (2013, link) identifies it with Wadi al-Batin, flowing from Saudi Arabia. |
Флавиан | Flavian | Flavianus | noun ● o-stem | |
Фока | Foka | Phocas | noun ● ā-stem | |
Форокия | Forakija | Thorakia | noun ● jā-stem | An unclear toponym. The form is taken from Prolog. |
француски | francuski | French | adjective ● hard stem | The France-based ethnonyms are commonly used for Franks of Merovingian and Charlemagne's eras. |
френски | frenski | French | adjective ● hard stem | |
френци | frenci | French | noun ● o-stem | Attested only in plural (cf. Demina et al. 2012:1073). Actually denotes 'Franks' (CS frǫzi, sg frǫgъ), i.e. crusaders. |
фръкна | frъkna | fly away | verb ● e-verb | |
фрѫг | frǫg | Frank | noun ● o-stem | CS |
Фрѫгия | Frǫgija | France, Phrygia | noun ● jā-stem | CS - the two countries are sometimes confused in sources. |
фрѫжьски | frǫžьsk | Frankish | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
фуля | fulja | slander | verb ● i-verb | BG xulja |
фъркам | fъrkam | let loose | verb ● a-verb | |
фъркат | fъrkat | flying | adjective ● hard stem | |
фърля | fъrlja | throw | verb ● i-verb | |
хабер | xaber | message | noun ● uninflected | Punčo prefers the spelling xabarь. Carski - haber. Mauricio: Habar 'notizia'. Google: az. xəbər 'message'. Nisanyan: haber < ar. habar 'bilme, bilgi, birinci elden bilinen şey'. |
хазна | xazna | treasury | noun ● ā-stem | |
хаир | xair | fortune | noun ● uninflected | Carski: hair. Mauricio: Hair 'merito' |
хаирджийка | xairdžiika | benefactress | noun ● ā-stem | Carski: negova hairgiike |
хайван | xaivan | animal, cattle | noun ● o-stem | Carski: haivan |
хайде | xaide | come! | verb ● irregular | Similar to ela, the verb has only two imperative forms (2sg and 2pl). |
хайдук | xaiduk | robber | noun ● o-stem | While the etymology of xaide remains unclear, this form likely shows the HU pl. ending. |
хайдушки | xaiduški | of robbers | adjective ● hard stem | |
хала | xala | dragon | noun ● ā-stem | A fantastic androphagous, sea-dwelling, serpent-like creature. |
халк | xalk | people | noun ● o-stem | Carski: halk, def. halka+t. Google: tr. halk 'people' |
Хам | Xam | Ham | noun ● o-stem | Second son of Noah, biblical ancestors of Canaanites, as well as peoples of Egypt, Sheba, Hittites and others. |
Хамов | Xamov | of Ham | adjective ● hard stem | |
Ханаан | Xanaan | Canaan | noun ● o-stem | Used for both the land of Canaan and the son of Ham himself. |
ханаански | xanaanski | of Canaan | adjective ● hard stem | |
Ханааня | Xanaanja | Canaan | noun ● jā-stem | Used for the land of Canaan by Paisius. |
хап | xap | shackles | noun ● monosyllabic | Unclear, attested as pl. form xapove. |
хапвам | xapvam | bite, eat | verb ● a-verb | |
хапя | xapja | bite, eat | verb ● e-verb | |
харесам | xaresam | like | verb ● a-verb | wiktionary: < gr. aresō 'be liked' |
харесвам | xaresvam | like | verb ● a-verb | |
харно | xarno | nicely | adverb ● | |
хартия | xartija | paper | noun ● jā-stem | |
хатър | xatъr | convenience | noun ● uninflected | Carski: hatar. Nisanyan: tr. hatır < ar. xāṭir 'gönül, bilinç' |
хвала | xvala | praise | noun ● ā-stem | |
хваля | xvalja | praise | verb ● i-verb | |
хватя | xvatja | grasp | verb ● i-verb | |
хекимджи | xekimdži | doctor | noun ● new i-stem | Google: tr. hekim 'doctor' |
хеле | xele | suddenly | adverb ● | Carski: hele. Nisanyan: tr. hele < per. hale 'uyarı ifade eden bir söz' |
хем | xem | and also | particle ● | |
хемен | xemen | immediately | adverb ● | Carski: hemen. Google: tr. hemen 'right away, immediately' |
хергеля | xergelia | herd | noun ● new i-stem | Unclear morphology. Nisanyan: tr. hergele 'Binmeğe ve yük taşımağa alışmamış at veya eşek sürüsü' (Google: 'A herd of horses or donkeys not accustomed to riding and carrying loads'), < per. Xargale |
херувим | xeruvim | cherub | noun ● o-stem | The Hebrew plural ending -im is not left out in CS/BG singular forms. |
херувимски | xeruvimski | of Cherubim | adjective ● hard stem | |
хесап | xesap | count | noun ● o-stem | Carski: bes hesap hora 'countless people'. Nisanyan: tr. hesap < ar. ḥisāb 'arithmetics' |
хижа | xiža | house, cottage | noun ● jā-stem | |
хижица | xižica | house, cottage | noun ● jā-stem | |
хилем | xilem | helmet | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
хиляда | xiljada | thousand | noun ● ā-stem | |
Хинар | Xinar | Chēnarios (gooseherd?) | noun ● o-stem | The name is probably based on gr. chēn 'goose', thus being the Greek equivalent of Gusarь. |
хитрец | xitrec | a cunning one, mage | noun ● jo-stem | Used by Punčo to translate CS vlъsvi 'mages' (Mt 2:1). |
хитрина | xitrina | a cunning action | noun ● ā-stem | |
хитрост | xitrost | cunning | noun ● i-stem | |
хитростувам | xitrostuvam | make intrigues | verb ● a-verb | |
хитър | xitъr | cunning, wise | adjective ● hard stem | |
хич | xič | thus | particle ● | |
хищник | xištnik | predator | noun ● o-stem | |
хлад | xlad | cold | noun ● o-stem | |
хладен | xladen | cold | adjective ● hard stem | |
хладовина | xladovina | coolness | noun ● ā-stem | |
хлебар | xlebar | bread baker | noun ● jo-stem | |
хлебен | xleben | of bread | adjective ● hard stem | |
хлебороден | xleboroden | bread-giving | adjective ● hard stem | |
хляб | xlěb | bread | noun ● monosyllabic | |
ход | xod | walk | noun ● monosyllabic | |
ходене | xodene | walking | noun ● jo-stem | |
ходило | xodilo | foot | noun ● o-stem | From the Legend of Troy. |
ходя | xodja | walk | verb ● i-verb | |
хождам | xoždam | walk, travel | verb ● a-verb | |
хождение | xoždenie | travels | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
хора | xora | people | noun ● o-stem | Gr. xōra 'land'. The old meaning still can be seen in the Tale of Alexander the Elder. |
Хорит | Xorit | Chorath | noun ● o-stem | Punčo's spelling of CS Xoraѳъ, the brook near River Jordan, where Prophet Elijah was hidden during the drought (3 Kings 17:3). |
хоро | xoro | dance | noun ● o-stem | |
хорота | xorota | discussion | noun ● ā-stem | |
хоротувам | xorotuvam | talk | verb ● a-verb | The form is based on Punčo's use. Demina (et al. 2012:1084) has xorotja 'govorja, prikazvam nešto', an i-verb. Other spellings include xoratuvam (RBE: link), xortuvam (rechnik.chitanka) - both a-verbs. |
хотарище | xotarište | territory | noun ● jo-stem | Used once by Punčo (041) in reference to Hungary (< HU határ 'border'). |
хотѣние | xotěnie | lust | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
хотѣти | xotěti | want | verb ● e-verb | A variant of šta, used for Resava-CS forms with the stem xošt- or xot-. |
хочу | xoču | will | verb ● e-verb | A variant of šta, likely a SC (or possibly Eastern CS) influence, also often used as future auxilia. Used if /č/ is a part of the word form. Punčo uses for 3pl.prs forms both xočat and xočut. |
храбрьнѣ | xrabrьně | bravely | adverb ● | CS |
храбър | xrabъr | brave | adjective ● hard stem | |
храм | xram | temple | noun ● monosyllabic | |
храмати | xramati | waver, be lame | verb ● e-verb | CS: xramati, 2sg.prs xramlješi 'xōlainein, claudicare' |
храна | xrana | food | noun ● ā-stem | |
хранител | xranitel | guardian, feeder | noun ● jo-stem | |
хранителница | xranitelnica | feeder (fem.) | noun ● jā-stem | CS xranitelьnica 'quae servat, custos' |
храня | xranja | feed, protect | verb ● i-verb | |
Хриса | Xrisa | Chrysa | noun ● ā-stem | Name of a river in Phrygia in today's Turkey somewhere around ancient Chonae (Honaz), unclear which. |
хрисим | xrisim | peaceful | adjective ● hard stem | |
хрисовул | xrisovul | golden bull | noun ● o-stem | |
християнин | xristianin | Christian | noun ● ethno-stem | Punčo uses both -e and -i in pl.nom (6 vs. 9 in first 20 ch.) |
християнинов | xristianinov | of a Christian | adjective ● hard stem | |
християнка | xristianka | Christian woman | noun ● ā-stem | |
християнски | xristianski | Christian | adjective ● hard stem | |
Христов | Xristov | Christ's | noun ● hard stem | |
христолюбив | xristoljubiv | loving Christ | adjective ● hard stem | |
христолюбьць | xristoljubьcь | lover of Christ | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
Христос | Xristos | Christ | noun ● irregular | The word is basically an o-stem, but the detachable sg.nom ending -os reflects the practice in Greek. |
хром | xrom | lame | adjective ● hard stem | rechnik.chitanka: xrom 'kuc'. Cf. also Derksen 2008:205 |
хромец | xromec | lamer | noun ● jo-stem | |
хрът | xrъt | greyhound | noun ● o-stem | |
хубав | xubav | beautiful | adjective ● hard stem | wiktionary: < per. xūb 'good' |
хубаво | xubavo | beautifully | adverb ● | |
хубост | xubost | beauty | noun ● i-stem | |
худ | xud | weak | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
худѣ | xudě | lowly | adverb ● | CS |
хулен | xulen | slanderous | adjective ● hard stem | |
хуление | xulenie | blasphemy | noun ● jo-stem | |
хулник | xulnik | blasphemer | noun ● | |
хуля | xulja | slander, blaspheme | verb ● i-verb | |
хълм | xъlm | hill | noun ● monosyllabic | Handled as an o-stem by Punčo. |
хълмие | xъlmie | hills | noun ● jo-stem | |
хытати | xytati | grasp | verb ● e-verb | CS |
цар | car | king, emperor | noun ● jo-stem | Punčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e, the generalized jo-stem pl.acc (care). The oscillation between i- and jo-stem can be seen also in CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52). |
царев | carev | king's | adjective ● hard stem | Punčo uses also the hard variant carovь. |
Цариград | Carigrad | Tsarigrad | noun ● o-stem | Both Carigrad and carstvujuštii gradъ are used mostly for Constantinople, but sometimes also for other royal seats, like Tarnovo (e.g. in Zogr. 107: kъ slavnomu i crstvuǫštomu gradu trъnovu). |
цариградски | carigradski | of Tsarigrad | adjective ● hard stem | |
царица | carica | queen | noun ● jā-stem | |
царогражданин | carograždanin | citizen of Tsarigrad | noun ● ethno-stem | |
царски | carski | of king | adjective ● hard stem | |
царствие | carstvie | kingdom | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
царство | carstvo | kingdom | noun ● o-stem | |
царствувам | carstvuvam | have a kingdom | verb ● a-verb | |
царувам | caruvam | reign | verb ● a-verb | |
Цветана | Cvětana | Flora, Iphigenia | noun ● ā-stem | In the Legend of Troy, the name is used for Iphigenia ('strong-born'), the daughter of Agamemnon. Jagić's version has sg.acc Cvenuažiju at the parallel place. |
цвете | cvete | flower | noun ● jo-stem | |
цвиля | cvilja | neigh, whine | verb ● i-verb | |
цвят | cvět | flower | noun ● monosyllabic | |
цвѣтие | cvětie | flowers | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
целомъдрие | celomъdrie | prudency, virginity | noun ● jo-stem | CS cělomǫdrie 'sophrosynē, prudentia' |
целомъдър | celomъdъr | prudent | adjective ● hard stem | CS cělomǫdrъ |
целувам | celuvam | kiss, greet | verb ● a-verb | CS cělovati (e-verb) |
целуване | celuvane | kissing, greeting | noun ● jo-stem | |
цена | cena | price | noun ● ā-stem | CS cěna |
ценен | cenen | dear | adjective ● hard stem | |
цигане | cigane | Gypsies | noun ● ethno-stem | Used only in plural. |
ципа | cipa | shell | noun ● ā-stem | |
цица | cica | nipple, breast | noun ● jā-stem | |
църква | cъrkva | church | noun ● ā-stem | CS crьky (an ū-stem). Punčo uses the form cъrkva (ā-stem, sg.acc cъrkvu) besides cъrkovь, originally ū-stem sg.acc, inflected as an i-stem in his system. |
църковен | cъrkoven | ecclesiastic | adjective ● hard stem | |
църковник | cъrkovnik | cleric | noun ● o-stem | |
цял | cěl | whole, healthy | adjective ● hard stem | |
цѣлба | cělba | healing | noun ● ā-stem | Demina et al. 2012:1101 - cělba 'izcelenie' |
цѣло | cělo | wholly | adverb ● | CS |
цѣльбьник | cělьbьnik | healer | noun ● o-stem | CS |
чадър | čadъr | tent, umbrella | noun ● o-stem | |
чакам | čakam | wait | verb ● a-verb | |
час | čas | hour | noun ● monosyllabic | Punčo uses sometimes pl. časi. |
част | čast | part | noun ● i-stem | CS čęstь. In Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael, the phrase *z* česti possibly means '6 times'. |
чаша | čaša | cup | noun ● jā-stem | |
чврство | čvrsto | firmly | adverb ● | SC |
че | če | that | conjunction ● | |
че (2) | če (2) | will (future particle) | verb ● e-verb | A shortened variant of xoče, rarely used by Punčo. |
чедо | čedo | child | noun ● o-stem | CS čędo |
чело | čelo | forehead | noun ● o-stem | |
челюст | čeljust | jaw | noun ● i-stem | |
челяд | čeljad | family, household | noun ● i-stem | |
ченгел | čengel | hook | noun ● o-stem | rechnik.chitanka: čengel 'željazna prъčka s kuki v dvata kraja'. Punčo also uses the pl. form čengele. |
червен | červen | red | adjective ● hard stem | |
черво | červo | intestines | noun ● o-stem | CS črěvo |
черга | čerga | blanket | noun ● ā-stem | |
черен | čeren | black | adjective ● hard stem | |
черкова | čerkova | church | noun ● ā-stem | Dialectal variant of cъrkva, possibly an older borrowing of the same word (Pronk-Tiethoff 2013:105). The form is not attested in CS. |
черковен | čerkoven | of church | adjective ● hard stem | |
черничък | černičъk | black | adjective ● hard stem | |
черпя | čerpja | pour, draw | verb ● i-verb | Punčo: 3sg.prs/opt da črъpetъ |
чест | čest | honor | noun ● i-stem | CS čьstь |
чест | čęst | frequent | adjective ● hard stem | CS čęstъ |
честен | česten | true, honorable | adjective ● hard stem | CS čьstьnъ |
честив | čestiv | honoring | adjective ● hard stem | |
честит | čestit | honorable | adjective ● hard stem | |
честити | čestiti | honor | verb ● i-verb | |
честно | čestno | honorably | adverb ● | |
често | često | often | adverb ● | CS čęsto |
чета | četa | read | verb ● e-verb | |
четвероконьчьнъ | četverokonьčьn | having four parts | adjective ● hard stem | CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael for one of the angelic ranks. Possibly another epithet of the seraphim ('with four arms' or 'wings'). |
четвероугълен | četverougъlen | quadrangular | adjective ● hard stem | Miklosich: četveroǫglьnъ 'tetragōnos, quadrangularis' |
четвертовластник | četvertovlastnik | tetrarch | noun ● o-stem | A title shared by sons of Herod the Great. |
четвертоволен | četvertovolen | tetrarch | adjective ● hard stem | |
четворица | četvorica | group of four | noun ● ā-stem | |
четвърти | četvъrti | fourth | adjective ● hard stem | |
четец | četec | reader | noun ● jo-stem | |
четири | četiri | four | numeral ● | |
чий | čii | whose | pronoun ● | Interrogative pronouns are used by Punčo as relative markers of subordinate clauses (as in English). |
чилешки | čileški | of humans | adjective ● hard stem | |
чиляк | čilěk | human | noun ● o-stem | A dialectal variant of čovek, človek etc. Used commonly by Carski (Mauricio: Cilek 'uomo'). |
чин | čin | rank | noun ● monosyllabic | |
чиноначелник | činonačelnik | commander of the (angelic) ranks | noun ● o-stem | CS činonačęlьnikъ; an epithet of Archangel Michael. |
чиня | činja | do | verb ● i-verb | |
чиреп | čirep | splitter | noun ● o-stem | CS črěpъ |
число | čislo | count, number | noun ● o-stem | |
числя | čislja | count | verb ● i-verb | |
чист | čist | clean, pure | adjective ● hard stem | |
чисто | čisto | purely | adverb ● | |
чистота | čistota | purity | noun ● ā-stem | |
читател | čitatel | reader | noun ● jo-stem | |
читати | čitati | read, count | noun ● e-verb | CS |
чловек | človek | human | noun ● o-stem | CS člověkъ, BG čovek. The initial čl- is common in the damaskini and Punčo's Sbornik. As in CS, it is commonly abbreviated as člkъ. |
чловеколюбец | človekoljubec | lover of humans | noun ● jo-stem | RBE: link |
чловеколюбив | človekoljubiv | human-loving | adjective ● hard stem | |
чловекоубиец | človekoubiec | murderer of humans | noun ● jo-stem | |
чловечески | človečeski | of humans | adjective ● hard stem | |
чловѣколюбие | člověkoljubie | love of humans | noun ● jo-stem | CS |
чловѣчь | člověčь | of humans | adjective ● soft stem adjective | CS |
чорап | čorap | sock | noun ● o-stem | |
чорбаджия | čorbadžija | proprietor, lord | noun ● new i-stem | The ending -ja is standardized. Denotes rich men in Ottoman Bulgaria, borrowed from tr. çorbacı 'officer', originally 'stew maker' (?), from çorba 'stew' (Nisanyan link). |
чръв | črъv | worm | noun ● i-stem | |
чрѣсъ | črěsъ | through | preposition ● with gen or acc | CS |
чтение | čtenie | lecture | noun ● jo-stem | |
что | čto | what | pronoun ● | CS čьto. Similarly as kъto, the construction is etymologically the same as in modern BG relative pronouns: an interrogative root (going back to PIE *kʷ-) followed by the demonstrative suffix -to. |
чувам | čuvam | hear, listen, care | verb ● a-verb | |
чуден | čuden | miraculous | adjective ● hard stem | |
чудо | čudo | miracle | noun ● s-stem | Commonly written čjudo in CS and older sources. Punčo prefers spelling čudo, and also uses it in the more general meaning 'story', not necessarily miraculous. |
чудотворен | čudotvoren | miraculous | adjective ● hard stem | |
чудотворец | čudotvorec | wonderworker | noun ● jo-stem | |
чудя | čudja | wonder | verb ● i-verb | |
чужд | čužd | foreign | adjective ● hard stem | Commonly written čjužd in CS and older sources. |
чужденец | čuždenec | foreigner | noun ● jo-stem | |
чужденка | čuždenka | foreigner (fem.) | noun ● ā-stem | |
чунки | čunki | because | conjunction ● | Carski: ciunki. Google: tr. çünkü 'because' |
чуя | čuja | hear | verb ● e-verb | |
чѧстьнъ | čęstьn | participating | adjective ● hard stem | CS |
шарен | šaren | colorful | adjective ● hard stem | |
Шарикоуша | Šarikuša | Assaracus | noun ● jā-stem | |
Шарикоушия | Šarikušia | Saricusa | noun ● jā-stem | |
шега | šega | joke | noun ● ā-stem | |
шегувам | šeguvam | have fun | verb ● a-verb | |
шепа | šepa | handful | noun ● ā-stem | |
шест | šest | six | numeral ● | |
шести | šesti | sixth | adjective ● hard stem | |
шестокрилат | šestokrilat | six-winged | adjective ● hard stem | CS, a common epithet of seraphim. |
шилец | šilec | stake | noun ● jo-stem | Wiktionary: MK šilec 'pointed tip'. Possibly a diminutive of šilo. |
Шимошева | Šimoševa | Simoeis | noun ● | |
ширина | širina | latitude | noun ● ā-stem | |
широк | širok | broad | adjective ● hard stem | |
широта | širota | latitude | noun ● ā-stem | |
Шишман | Šišman | Shishman | noun ● o-stem | |
Шишманов | Šišmanov | of Shishman | adjective ● hard stem | |
шия | šija | neck | noun ● jā-stem | |
шлем | šlem | helmet | noun ● o-stem | |
шлянец | šljanec | a bit | noun ● jo-stem | Unclear. rechnik.chitanka: šljaja se 'dviža se bezcelno' |
Шоломоничевъ | Šolomoničev | of Solomonid | adjective ● hard stem | From the Legend of Troy. Likely a biblicization of Telamon, father of Ajax the Great (Ajakš). |
шоуй | šui | left | adjective ● soft stem | CS |
шубе | šube | fear, suspicion | noun ● uninflected | Carski: sciube. Mauricio: Sciubè 'dubbio, sospetto' |
шубелендисам | šubelendisam | suspect | verb ● a-verb | Carski: 3sg.aor po se sciubelendissa. Mauricio: Sciubelendissuam 'sospettare' |
шуга | šuga | scabies | noun ● ā-stem | |
шума | šuma | leaves | noun ● ā-stem | |
шупал | šupalj | hollow | adjective ● soft stem | SC, according to Skok (III 423) from šup 'cavitas' |
ща | šta | want | verb ● e-verb | Includes the future particle šte - Punčo still inflects it for person, using a full da-construction (e.g. 2pl štete da rečete 'you will say'), but there are also other forms attested, e.g. "indefinite future" with a synthetic infinitive (2sg uze štešь potrebiju 'you will get what you need'). The lemma belongs to a group of auxiliary verbs, which require the main verb in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235) |
щадя | štadja | spare | verb ● i-verb | CS štęditi sę |
щампа | štampa | noun ● ā-stem | Paisius' word, Punčo sometimes uses pečatь to translate it. Cf. RBE: link. | |
щампати | štampati | verb ● e-verb | Paisius' word: inf. štampati (Punčo: da štanpatь). | |
щедро | štedro | generously | adverb ● | |
щедър | štedъr | generous | adjective ● hard stem | |
щипски | štipski | of Shtip | adjective ● hard stem | |
щит | štit | shield | noun ● o-stem | |
щитити | štititi | defend with a shield | verb ● i-verb | From the Legend of Troy. |
що | što | what | pronoun ● | Often used as relative pronoun (without the -to suffix) by Punčo. See čьto for etymology. |
щом | štom | that | conjunction ● | |
щото | štoto | which | pronoun ● | |
щѧдно | štędno | savingly | adverb ● | CS; cf. Miklosich: štęděti 'feidesѳai, parcere'; EuthDict: neštędьnъ 'žestok, bezžalosten' |
Юг | Jug | Og | noun ● o-stem | King of Bashan mentioned in Numbers (21:23), as well as in Tale of Alexander the Elder. |
Юда | Juda | Judah, Judas | noun ● | |
юдейски | judeiski | Judaean, Jewish | adjective ● hard stem | |
Юдея | Judeja | Judaea | noun ● jā-stem | |
юдеянин | judejanin | Jew, Judaean | noun ● | Original CS spelling of the root was ijude- (e.g. sg.dat/loc ⰺⱓⰴⰵⰹ 'in Judaea' in Zogr. Lk 7:17), but later sources like Prolog or Elisabethan Bible prefer ıꙋде-, which was likely pronounced with a monosyllabic initial ju-. Punčo prefers иꙋде-, but also июде- and ïꙋде- can be seen. |
южен | južen | southern | adjective ● hard stem | |
юзда | juzda | reins | noun ● ā-stem | |
юли | juli | July | noun ● i-stem | |
Юна | Juna | Juno | noun ● ā-stem | Written junaa in the Legend of Troy, probably interpreted as f.sg.nom long-form of junъ 'young'. |
юнак | junak | hero | noun ● o-stem | |
юначен | junačen | of heroes | adjective ● hard stem | |
юнашки | junaški | of heroes | adjective ● hard stem | Could be used as both adjective and adverb (i skoči junaškii 'and he jumped heroically' here). |
юнец | junec | calf | noun ● jo-stem | |
юни | juni | June | noun ● new i-stem | |
юность | junostь | youth | noun ● i-stem | CS |
юноша | junoša | boy | noun ● ā-stem | CS |
юрнек | jurnek | example, story | noun ● o-stem | Carski: iurmek. Mitrinov 2020:156 - jurnek 'obrazec, mostra, model' < tr. örnek. Skok III 547 - urnek, bulg. jurnek 'example' |
юруш | juruš | assault | noun ● jo-stem | Carski: juruusc. Skok I 786: jurdisat 'navaliti, napasti', juriš (Kosmet) 'navala, udarac' < tr. yürüyüş. |
ютре | jutre | morning | noun ● jo-stem | |
я | ja | I | pronoun ● | A dialectal variant of az. |
я (2) | ja (2) | behold! | interjection ● | |
ябанджия | jabandžija | stranger | noun ● new i-stem | |
ябълка | jabъlka | apple | noun ● ā-stem | |
явя | javja | appear | verb ● i-verb | |
яд | jad | anger | noun ● monosyllabic | |
ядене | jadene | food | noun ● o-stem | |
ядовит | jadovit | angry | adjective ● hard stem | |
ядуя | jaduja | anger | verb ● e-verb | |
язва | jazva | ulcer, wound | noun ● ā-stem | |
яздя | jazdja | ride | verb ● i-verb | |
яице | jaice | egg | noun ● s-stem | |
як | jak | strong, pretty | adjective ● hard stem | |
яко | jako | very much | adverb ● | |
Яков | Jakov | Jacob | noun ● o-stem | |
яланаш | jalanaš | lie | noun ● jo-stem | Carski: pl. jalanasce. Google: tr. yalan 'lie' |
ям | jam | eat | verb ● irregular | 3sg.prs jade |
яма | jama | cave | noun ● ā-stem | |
януари | ianuari | January | noun ● new i-stem | |
яре | jare | goat kid | noun ● nt-stem | |
Яред | Iared | Jared | noun ● o-stem | A biblical patriarch (6th gen.) |
Яредов | Iaredov | Jared's | adjective ● hard stem | |
ярем | jarem | yoke | noun ● o-stem | |
ярешки | jareški | of a goat kid | adjective ● hard stem | |
ярост | jarost | anger | noun ● i-stem | |
ярчев | jarčev | of billy goat | adjective ● hard stem | Punčo: jarьčovь. Derived from BG/MK jarec 'billy goat, buck, capricorn' (wiki) |
ясен | jasen | clear | adjective ● hard stem | |
ясли | jasli | cradle | noun ● ā-stem | |
ясно | jasno | clearly | adverb ● | |
ястие | jastie | dish | noun ● jo-stem | |
Яфет | Jafet | Japheth | noun ● o-stem | The third son of Noah, biblical ancestor of various peoples of the "north", e.g. Medes, Ionians, Thracians and others. Commonly written afetь by Punčo. |
Яфетов | Jafetov | of Japheth | adjective ● hard stem | |
ѧти | ęti | take | verb ● irregular | CS; 1sg.prs imǫ, 2sg imeši |
♣ | ♣ | (an illustration) | punctuation ● | See Index of Illustration for description of individual pictures in the Sbornik. |
ꙗвленьнѣ | javlenьně | apparently | adverb ● | CS |
ꙗвѣ | javě | apparently | adverb ● | CS |
ꙗко | jako (2) | as | conjunction ● | CS |
Ꙗковль | Jakovlь | Jacob's | adjective ● soft stem | CS |
ꙗкоже | jakože | as well as | conjunction ● | CS |
Ꙗкоупа | Jakupa | Hecube | ● | |
ꙮ | ** iztočnici ** | sources | ● | The choice of the base form is based on the productivity of the root in contemporary varieties. 1. If the lemma is codified in modern standard Bulgarian or Macedonian, the lemma is taken from a (preferrably online) dictionary (BAN, rechnik.chitanka, makedonski.info, wiktionary). Jat alternation is marked with ě in the root, if relevant. 2. If the lemma is specific for Lom or Northwestern area, etymological dictionaries (primarily BAN, Skok 1971, Derksen 2008, Vasmer's, Mladenov 1941, Nisanyan) were used as a source. If not found in BG- or MK-based dictionaries, loanwords from Turkic and other non-Slavic languages were lemmatized according to wiktionary and Google Translate. 3. Historical lemmas, i.e. specific for damaskini tradition and Church Slavonic literature, were lemmatized according to relevant dictionaries, again with preferrence for online resources (Miklosich 1865, SJS, histdict.uni-sofia, Demina et al. 2012). Lemmas specific for Paulician and Rhodopean texts are supplemented by (cyrillized forms of) entries in the Father Mauricio's dictionary (Abadžieva 2020). Lemmas specific for the Legend of Troy refer to the secondary literature mentioned in the chapter header (see here). 4. Names of characters, toponyms and similar lexemes were lemmatized according to forms used most commonly by Punčo (or another editor). They often diverge from the forms used in modern Bulgarian (biblegateway) and CS (My-Bible) Bibles, which were used (alongside other text traditions and, of course, wikipedia) as a secondary reference. |