index
reference grammar

current number of lemmas: 5584

[===][===](ornamental separator)punctuation ●
аaand, butconjunction ●
АбакумAbakumAulisnoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. In the tradition of Epic Cycle, Aulis is the gathering point of Greek fleet before crossing the sea to Troy. The name of the island is possibly biblicized (Prophet Avakum/Habakkuk?).
Jagić's version has Avlida Em'broikъ (based on Euboica acording to Veselovskij 1888:70). In Pypin's edition, the killing of the sacred hind also takes place next to Troy without mentioning the island, where they are attacked by Hector.
абиеabieimmediatelyadverb ● CS
АвакумAvakumHabakkuknoun ● o-stem
авваavvaabbotnoun ● uninflected
августavgustAugustnoun ● o-stem
АвдийAvdiiObadiahnoun ● new i-stem
АвелAvelAbelnoun ● jo-stem
АвивAvivHabibnoun ● o-stemPunčo seems to be unsure about the default form of the name. Both o-stem Avivь or jā-stem Aviva appear in subject positions. The vocative form Avivo also seems to reflect a jā-stem.
АвимелехAvimelexAbimelechnoun ● o-stem
АвраамAvraamAbrahamnoun ● o-stemPunčo does not seem to distinguish the patriarch's original name and the one given to him by God after the birth of Ishmael (Gen 17:5), writing forms like avramь 'Abram' and avraamь 'Abraham' freely.
АвраамовAvraamovAbraham'sadjective ● hard stem
АгаменAgamenAgamemnonnoun ● hard stem
АгараAgaraHagarnoun ● ā-stemServant of Sarah (Gen 16) or wife of Abraham (Q 14).
АгаринAgarinof Hagaradjective ● hard stem
агарянинagarěninHagarenenoun ● ethno-stemCommonly used for Muslims or Turks.
агарянскиagarěnskiHagareneadjective ● hard stem
АглияAgliaAglaeanoun ● jā-stem
агнеagnelambnoun ● nt-stem
агнецagneclamb (male)noun ● jo-stem
АдAdHadesnoun ● o-stem
адadhellnoun ● o-stem
АдамAdamAdamnoun ● o-stem
АдаманAdamanAdamannoun ● o-stemAn unclear toponym, named by Punčo as the city, where St. Pantaleon was buried. Probably, originally the site of the grave of Adamantius the Scholar (Origenes?), mentioned in some versions of his Life (EN).
АдамовAdamovAdam'sadjective ● hard stem
адетadetcustomnoun ● o-stemCarski's word. BAN I 4: adet 'navik, običai' < tr. adet < ar. ʿādat
аджадисамadžadisampityverb ● a-verbCarski: 3sg.aor agiadissa. Mauricio: Agedissuam 'compatire'. Google: tr. acımak 'pity'.
АдовAdovof Hadesadjective ● hard stem
адрианополскиadrianopolskiof Adrianopleadjective ● hard stem
АдриянAdrianHadriannoun ●
азazIpronoun ● Annotation uses the following scheme, even if long and short forms can fulfill different syntactic functions: mene Pp1-sg, mi Pp1-sd, me Pp1-sa
АзияAzijaAsianoun ● jā-stemCS Asija, adj. asiiski, but Punčo uses this spelling for the noun.
акаретеakaretebuildingnoun ● o-stemCarski's word. Wiktionary: RO acaret 'shed' < ottom. tr. akaret < ar. ʿaqārāt pl. 'sheds'
Morphology is unclear. Found in a book by Sava Velev (1907), citing a text from Mixail Kifalov from 1854: Otъ godišnyĭ-atъ prixodъ na imotъ-atъ mi, koi-to sja sъbira do desetь tysjašti (xiljady) vlaški groša, da blagovolite (po što sja izvadi izъ nego iždivenïe-to (xarčъ-atъ) zaplata na edinъ počtenъ čelověkъ, kogo-to šte otrjadvate tuka otъ vremja do vremja, da dava sъ kirïja tĭzi zdanïja (akarete), da sъbira prixodъ-atъ imъ, i da sja gryži za popravlenïe-to (merametъ-atъ) [...]
акоakoifconjunction ●
акълakъlreasonnoun ● o-stemCarski: akal(at)
алаalabutconjunction ●
алаиalaitogetheradverb ● Carski's word. Meaning unclear, used as a part of the phrase bir alai or with the preposition s 'with'. Perhaps related to tr. alay 'regiment, ridicule, mockery' (> 'as one troop, all' ?)
АлександерAleksanderAlexandernoun ● o-stem
АлександраAleksandraAlexandranoun ● ā-stem
АлександрийAleksandriiAlexandriusnoun ● new i-stemA variant of Aleksandъr.
АлександрияAleksandrijaAlexandrianoun ● jā-stem
АлександровAleksandrovAlexander'sadjective ● hard stem
АлексийAleksiiAlexiusnoun ● new i-stemThe form aleѯiju appears as direct objects (as in a jā-stem) too.
АлексинAleksinof Alexiusadjective ● hard stem
АлексовAleksovof Alexiusadjective ● hard stem
алиalibutconjunction ●
алилуяaliluiahallelujahinterjection ●
АлусянAlusianAlusiannoun ● o-stem
амаamabutconjunction ●
АманAmanAmmonnoun ● o-stem
АмвросийAmvrosiiAmbrosiusnoun ● new i-stem
амиamibutconjunction ●
аминaminameninterjection ●
амирamiremirnoun ● o-stem
аморейскиamoreiskiAmoriteadjective ● hard stem
АнадолAnadolAnatolianoun ● o-stem
АнастасийAnastasiiAnastasiusnoun ● new i-stem
ангелangelangelnoun ● o-stem
ангеловangelovangel'sadjective ● hard stem
ангелскиangelskiangelicadjective ● hard stem
анджакandžakhoweverconjunction ● Carski: angiak. Mauricio: Angek 'anzi' < tr. ancak 'however'
АндрейAndreiAndrewnoun ● new i-stem
АндрофияAndrofiaAndromachenoun ● jā-stem
АннаAnnaAnnenoun ● ā-stem
антиохийскиantioxiiskiof Antiochadjective ● hard stem
АнтиохияAntioxijaAntiochnoun ● jā-stem
АнтихристAntixristAntichristnoun ● o-stem
АнтихристовAntixristovAntichrist'sadjective ● hard stem
АнтонAntonAnthonynoun ● o-stem
АнтонийAntoniiAnthonynoun ● new i-stem
АнтонинAntoninof Anthonyadjective ● hard stem
АнцидешAncidešAnchisesnoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Translation based on Veselovskij (1888:76 f.), also followed by Ruseva.
АполонApolonApollonoun ● o-stem
АполоновApolonovof Apolloadjective ● hard stem
апостолapostolapostlenoun ● jo-stem
апостолскиapostolskiapostolicadjective ● hard stem
АпридежApridežPhrixusnoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Veselovskij (1888:30) adds Phrygus (> *Frižь) as a possible source. Possibly related to Prideš (Ruseva 2011:103). Jagić's version has pred Priěmušem here.
априлaprilAprilnoun ● jo-stem
АравияAravijaArabianoun ● jā-stem
арапинarapinArabnoun ● ethno-stemCarski's word.
араратскиararatskiof Araratadjective ● hard stem
арбанашкиarbanaškiAlbanianadjective ● hard stemA variant of arvanitski.
арванитскиarvanitskiAlbanianadjective ● hard stem
АркадийArkadiiArcadiusnoun ● new i-stem
арматосатиarmatosatitake armsverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy. Miklosich: armatosati 'harmatōnein, armare'.
арматосияarmatosiaarmornoun ● jā-stemSee above.
арменскиarmenskiArmenianadjective ● hard stem
ароматaromataroma, scentnoun ● o-stem
АронAronAaronnoun ● o-stem
АроновAronovAaron'sadjective ● hard stem
артисамartisamremainverb ● a-verbBAN I 16: artisvam, artisam 'ostavam (v poveče)' < tr. artmak 'ostavam'
артисвамartisvamremainverb ● a-verb
архангелarxangelarchangelnoun ● o-stem
архангелскиarxangelskiarchangelicadjective ● hard stem
АрхелеовArxeleovof Archelaosadjective ● hard stem
АрхелеонArxeleonArchelaosnoun ● o-stemCS Arxelai - name of a son of Herod the Great and a soldier attempting to execute St. Procopius.
архиепископarxiepiskoparchbishopnoun ● o-stem
архиерейarxiereiarchbishopnoun ● new i-stem
архиерейскиarxiereiskiof an archbishopadjective ● hard stem
АрхипArxipArchippusnoun ● o-stem
архистратигarxistratigarchistrategenoun ● o-stemAn epithet of Archangel Michael.
АсадитаAsaditaAsaditenoun ● ā-stem
АсенAsěnAsennoun ● jo-stem
АсеновAsěnovAsen'sadjective ● hard stem
асийскиasiiskiAsianadjective ● hard stem
АсирионAsirionAssyrianoun ● o-stemLikely a misreading of pl.dat assѵrïomъ 'Assyrians' in Gen 2:14.
асирянинasirjaninAssyriannoun ● ethno-stem
аскерaskerarmynoun ● o-stemCarski's word.
АскипийAskipiiAsclepiusnoun ● o-stemBG Asklepii - the name is attested in Punčo's Sbornik in two forms: askipa (as direct object) and askipia (as predicate).
аспидаaspidaaspnoun ● ā-stem
аспраasprasilver coin, aspronnoun ● ā-stem
асфалтasfaltasphaltnoun ● o-stem
АтанасийAtanasiiAthanasiosnoun ● new i-stem
атлиatliridernoun ● new i-stemCarski: pl. atlie. Google: tr. atlı 'riding'
атоatoand evenparticle ●
атонскиatonskiof Athosadjective ● hard stem
АфрикаAfrikaAfricanoun ● ā-stem
ахaxahinterjection ●
АхавAxavAhabnoun ● o-stem
АхавовAxavovof Ahabadjective ● hard stem
ахчийницаaxčiinicarestaurantnoun ● jā-stemGoogle: tr. ahçı 'chef'
ахчияaxčijacooknoun ● new i-stem
АцилеешAcileešAchillesnoun ● jo-stem
АцилеешевAcileeševof Achillesadjective ● hard stem
ачикačikclearadjective ● hard stemCarski: acik. Google: tr. açık 'clear, open, articulate'
ащеašteifconjunction ● CS
АякшAjakšAjaxnoun ● jo-stem
бабаbabaold woman, grannynoun ● ā-stem
багреницаbagrenicapurple mantlenoun ● jā-stem
баждаринbaždarincustoms officernoun ● ethno-stemBAN I 26: baždar 'sъbirač na mito za vnasjane na stoka v grad', baždarina 'mito' < tr. bacı 'mito' + per. -dar (častica za obrazuvane na nomina agentis)
байряктарbairjaktarstandard bearernoun ● o-stem
бакарbakarkettlenoun ● o-stemCarski's word. Either going back to BAN I 27: bakara 'glinen sъd s širok otvor za rakija', or to bakъr with the meaning 'copper kettle'.
бакърbakъrcoppernoun ● uninflectedrechnik.chitanka: bakъr 'metalъt med'
баняbanjabathnoun ● jā-stem
барабарbarabartogetheradverb ● Carski's word. Mauricio: Barabar 'eguale', Google: tr. beraber 'together'.
баращисвамbaraštisvamreconcileverb ● a-verbCarski: 3pl.aor/impf barasctardissaha. BAN I 33: baraštisvam se 'pomirjavam se' < tr. barışmak
БаронииBaroniiBaroniusnoun ● new i-stemCesare Baronio (1538-1607), Italian cardinal and historian, author of Annales Ecclesiastici. wiki
басняbasnjamythnoun ● jā-stem
БатойBatoiBatoinoun ● new i-stemA great Bulgarian king (kralь) according to Paisius. Possibly another name of Khan Asparukh, who founded the Bulgaria on Danube in 680s.
башbašhead, arch-noun ● uninflectedCarski: basc. Used in phrases like basc eretik 'leader of heretics', basc duscmanin 'arch-enemy', going back to tr. baş 'head'.
башкаbaškaapart, separatelyadverb ● Google: tr. başka 'apart'
бащаbaštafathernoun ● ā-stemLikely a jā-stem in older CS, but common first in 18th c.
бащинbaštinfather'sadjective ● hard stem
бащнинаbaštninafatherlandnoun ● ā-stemRBE: link - a dialectal variant of baštinija.
бащниненbaštninenof fatherlandadjective ● hard stem
БаязидBajazidBayezidnoun ● o-stem
бдениеbdeniestaying awakenoun ● jo-stem
бедаbedawoenoun ● ā-stemCS běda
беденbedenpooradjective ● hard stem
бедствоватиbedstvovatisufferverb ● a-verb
безbezwithoutpreposition ● with gen
безакъленbezakъlenmindlessadjective ● hard stemCarski: bes akalni
безбоженbezbožengodlessadjective ● hard stem
безбожникbezbožnikgodless onenoun ● o-stem
безбожницаbezbožnicagodless womannoun ● jā-stem
безбожноbezbožnogodlesslyadverb ●
безводенbezvodenwaterlessadjective ● hard stem
безгласенbezglasenvoicelessadjective ● hard stem
безглъченbezglъčennoiselessadjective ● hard stemRBE: glъčen 'kojto e izpъlnen s glъč, šum' (link)
безглъчноbezglъčnowithout noiseadverb ●
безгриженbezgrižencareless, safeadjective ● hard stem
безднаbezdnaabyssnoun ● ā-stem
бездушенbezdušensoullessadjective ● hard stem
бездушникbezdušniksoulless onenoun ● o-stem
бездъждиеbezdъždietime of no rainnoun ● jo-stem
бездъненbezdъnenbottomlessadjective ● hard stem
бездѣльноbezdělьnowith no capacityadverb ● Miklosich: bezdělьnъ 'apraktos, inefficax'
беззаконенbezzakonenlawlessadjective ● hard stem
беззакониеbezzakonielawlessnessnoun ● jo-stemCS
беззаконникbezzakonniklawlessnoun ●
беззаконствоbezzakonstvolawlessnessnoun ● o-stem
безконеченbezkonečenendlessadjective ● hard stemCS
безкраенbezkraenendlessadjective ● hard stem
безкрайноbezkrainoendlesslyadverb ●
безмеренbezmerenimmenseadjective ● hard stem
безмлъвьствоватиbezmlъvьstvovatidwell in silenceverb ● e-verbCS; EuthDict link
безмълвиеbezmъlviesilencenoun ● jo-stem
безначаленbeznačalenwithout a beginningadjective ● hard stem
безочливbezočlivheedlessadjective ● hard stem
безпаметенbezpametenwithout a memory, forgottenadjective ● hard stem
безплоденbezplodenbarrenadjective ● hard stem
безрачьнъbezračьnunseemingadjective ● hard stemCS
безреденbezredeninorderlyadjective ● hard stem
безсловесиеbezslovesiespeechlessnessnoun ● jo-stem
безсмъртенbezsmъrtenimmortaladjective ● hard stem
безсраменbezsramenshamelessadjective ● hard stem
безсрамноbezsramnoshamelesslyadverb ●
безсребърникbezsrebъrnikunmercenarynoun ● o-stemAttributed to St. St. Cosmas and Damian.
безстрашноbezstrašnofearlesslyadverb ●
безуменbezumenfoolishadjective ● hard stem
безумиеbezumiefollynoun ● jo-stem
безумникbezumnikfoolish mannoun ● o-stem
безумницаbezumnicafoolish womannoun ● jā-stem
безумствоbezumstvofollynoun ● o-stem
безцененbezcenenpriceless, preciousadjective ● hard stemRBE: link
безчеденbezčedenchildlessadjective ● hard stem
безчисленbezčislenimmeasurableadjective ● hard stem
безчловеченbezčlovečeninhumanadjective ● hard stem
безчловечиеbezčlovečieinhumanitynoun ● jo-stemMiklosich: bezъčlověčije 'inhumanitas'
бейbeibeynoun ● monosyllabicWritten begh by Carski.
белаbelamisfortunenoun ● ā-stemCarski's word. Mauricio: Belà 'infortunio'. Google: tr. belâ 'scourge' (< ar. balāˀ).
белегbelegevidence, scarnoun ● o-stem
белкиbelkiperhapsadverb ● Google: tr. belki 'maybe, perhaps'
бераberatakeverb ● e-verb
берекетbereketabundancenoun ● uninflectedGoogle: tr. bereket 'abundance'
беседаbesěda(idle) discussion, wordnoun ● ā-stem
беседоватиbesědovatidiscussverb ● e-verbCS. Although the verb besedvam is attested in some dialects, the word beseda 'meeting (outside), informal debate' is considered a re-borrowing from RU (cf. BAN I 44).
бесенběsenpossessed, madadjective ● hard stem
бесконьчьнъbeskonьčьnendlessadjective ● hard stem
бесностběsnostmadnessnoun ● i-stem
беснувамběsnuvambe possessedverb ● a-verb
беспечальнъbespečalьnworrilessadjective ● hard stemCS
бестудьнѣbestudьněshamelesslyadverb ● CS
БечBečViennanoun ● i-stem
бешикbešikcradlenoun ● o-stemCarski: biscika+t. Google: tr. beşik, tat. bišek 'cradle'; BAN I 45: bešik 'detska ljulka, kolebka'
бивамbivambe, dwellverb ● a-verb
биволbivolbuffalonoun ● o-stem
билкаbilkaherbnoun ● ā-stem
бирbirtaxnoun ● o-stemCS
бир (2)bir (2)onenumeral ● Used (by Carski) in phrases like bir alai 'together' (lit. 'as one troop' ?), bir karar 'only' (lit. 'in a single state').
бисерbiserpearlnoun ● o-stem
бисериеbiseriepearlsnoun ● jo-stemCS
бистроbistroquicklyadverb ●
бистърbistъrquick, freshadjective ● hard stem
бияbijabeatverb ● e-verbPunčo builds passive participles with both suffixes: both bit- and bien-.
благblaggoodadjective ● hard stem
благоblagogoodnoun ● o-stem
благоверенblagoverenpiousadjective ● hard stemCS blagověrьnъ
благовещениеblagoveštenieannunciationnoun ● jo-stem
благоволениеblagovoleniegood willnoun ● jo-stemCS translation of gr. eudokia (Lk 2:14).
благовоненblagovonenscentingadjective ● hard stem
благоговеенblagogoveenpiousadjective ● hard stemMiklosich: blagogověinъ 'eulabēs, pius'
благоговейноblagogoveinopiouslyadverb ●
благоговениеblagogoveniepietynoun ● jo-stemCS
благодаренblagodarenthankfuladjective ● hard stem
благодарениеblagodareniethankfulnessnoun ● jo-stem
благодарноblagodarnothankfullyadverb ●
благодароватиblagodarovatithankverb ● e-verbCS
благодаряblagodarjathankverb ● i-verb
благодатblagodatvirtue, blessingnoun ● i-stem
благодателblagodatelbenefactornoun ● jo-stem
благодатенblagodatenbeneficialadjective ● hard stemCS blagodětьnъ
благодеяниеblagodejaniegood deedsnoun ● jo-stemCS
благополученblagopolučenfortunateadjective ● hard stem
благоразуменblagorazumenwell consideringadjective ● hard stem
благороденblagorodennobleadjective ● hard stem
благородиеblagorodienobilitynoun ● jo-stemCS
благославямblagoslavjamblessverb ● a-verb
благословblagoslovblessingnoun ● o-stem
благословениеblagoslovenieblessingnoun ● jo-stem
благословяblagoslovjablessverb ● i-verb
благостblagostblessingnoun ● i-stemCS
благостинаblagostinamajestynoun ● ā-stemCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
благосъвѣщьblagosъvěštgiving good adviceadjective ● soft stemCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. Likely related to blagosъvětie 'bonum consilium' mentioned by Miklošić, or blagosъvěstovati, a variant of blagověstiti 'announce (the Gospel)' in SJS.
благотворениеblagotvoreniegood deedsnoun ● jo-stemCS
благоутробенblagoutrobenmercifuladjective ● hard stemCS blagoǫtrobьnъ
благоухаяblagouxajascentverb ● e-verbConsidered a borrowing from RU (BAN I 53, 216), not CS.
благочестивblagočestivhonorableadjective ● hard stem
благочестиеblagočestiepietynoun ● jo-stemCS blagočьstie
благочьстивѣblagočьstivěpiouslyadverb ● CS; EuthDict link
блаженblaženblessed, blissfuladjective ● hard stemActually a ptcp.praet.pass of blažiti, but the verb does not seem to be productive in Punčo's language (as well as st. BG) anymore.
блаженствоblaženstvoblissnoun ● o-stem
блажитиblažitipraiseverb ● i-verbCS; Miklosich: blažiti 'makarizein, beatum praedicare'
блазнениеblazneniedeceptionnoun ● jo-stem
блазняblaznjaseduce, deceiveverb ● i-verb
бледbledpaleadjective ● hard stem
бледавbledavpaleadjective ● hard stem
ближенbliženneighboradjective ● hard stem
близоblizocloseadverb ●
близъblizъclosepreposition ● with genCS
блудbludsin, adulterynoun ● o-stemCS
блуденbludensinfuladjective ● hard stem
блудникbludnikadulterernoun ● o-stem
блудницаbludnicaadulterous womannoun ● jā-stem
блудничинbludničinof adulterous womanadjective ● hard stem
блъскавицаblъskavicathunderstormnoun ● ā-stemRBE: link.
блъсъкblъsъklightningnoun ● o-stemCS
блюдоbljudodish, platenoun ● o-stemCS
блюстиbljustiobserve, watchverb ● e-verbCS, 1sg.prs bljudǫ, 2sg bljudeši.
боbobecauseconjunction ● CS
богboggodnoun ● monosyllabic
богатbogatrichadjective ● hard stem
богатствоbogatstvowealthnoun ● o-stem
богоборецbogoborecenemy of Godnoun ● jo-stemMiklosich: bogoborьcь 'theomaxos, cum deo pugnans'
богобоязенbogobojazenfearing Godadjective ● hard stemCS
богобоязливbogobojazlivfearing Godadjective ● hard stem
БоговидецBogovidecone who sees Godnoun ● jo-stemCS; Miklosich: bogovidъcь 'ѳeoptēs, deum videns'
боголепноbogolěpnoappropriately to Godadverb ● Miklosich: bogolěpьno 'theoprepōs, ut deo par est'
боголюбивbogoljubivloving Godadjective ● hard stem
БогоматиBogomatiMother of Godnoun ● r-stemCS
богоплетенbogopletenwoven by Godadjective ● hard stem
богопочтенbogopočtenhonored by Godadjective ● hard stem
богоприимецbogopriimecreceiving Godnoun ● jo-stemCS bogopriimьcь
богопротивенbogoprotivenresisting Godadjective ● hard stemMiklosich: bogoprotivьnъ 'theomaxos, cum deo pugnans'
богоразумноbogorazumnounderstanding Godadverb ● Miklosich: bogorazumie 'theognōsia'
БогородицаBogorodicaMother of Godnoun ● jā-stemAlso used for the abbreviation ѳu (gr. [mētēr] theou 'Mother of God') used on pictures.
БогородиченBogorodičenof Mother of Godadjective ● hard stem
богосвятливbogosvětlivshining by the grace of Godadjective ● hard stem
БогословBogoslovApostle, theologiannoun ● o-stemAn epithet of John the Apostle/Evangelist (to distinguish him from John the Baptist). A calque reflecting gr. theologos.
боготъканbogotъkanwoven by Godadjective ● hard stem
богоугоденbogougodenpleasing Godadjective ● hard stemMiklosich: bogoougodьnъ 'thearestos, deo placens'
богоявлениеbogojavlenieEpiphany of Godnoun ● jo-stem
бодаbodaprickverb ● e-verb
божемbožemapparently, suddenlyadverb ● BAN I 62: božem 'už, kato če li' < bo + že, kato krainoto -m se e razvilo pod vlijanie na narečija kato pъtem, denem
божественbožestvendivineadjective ● hard stem
божествоbožestvodivinitynoun ● o-stem
божииbožiiGod'sadjective ● hard stem
бойboifightnoun ● monosyllabic
болеваbolevapainnoun ● ā-stemCarski's word.
болезненboleznenilladjective ● hard stem
боленbolenilladjective ● hard stem
болестbolestillnessnoun ● i-stem
болеяbolejahurt, craveverb ● e-verb
болийboliigreateradjective ● soft stemCS
болнавbolnavsicklyadjective ● hard stem
боляbolěmoreadverb ● CS
боляринboljarinboyar, noblenoun ● ethno-stem
боляркаboljarkaboyar ladynoun ● ā-stem
болярскиboljarskiaristocraticadjective ● hard stem
болярствоboljarstvopride, noble originnoun ● o-stem
болѣзноватиbolěznovatihurtverb ● e-verbCS
болѣзньbolěznьillness, painnoun ● i-stemCS; EuthDict link
БонвиллоBonvilloBonvillonoun ● o-stem
БоньоBonjoBonyonoun ● jo-stemShortened form of the name Bogdan. The name popo Bono is found on the p.358 (chapter 045) in a sidenote, likely a reader or proprietor of the manuscript in 1835.
борбаborbabattle, strugglenoun ● ā-stem
борецborecwarrior, champion, wrestlernoun ● jo-stem
БорилBorilBorilnoun ● o-stem
БорисBorisBorisnoun ● o-stem
боряborjastruggleverb ● i-verb
босbosbarefootadjective ● hard stem
бояbojafearverb ● i-verb
боя (2)boja (2)paintnoun ● jā-stem
боязливbojazlivfearfuladjective ● hard stem
боязньbojaznьfearnoun ● i-stemCS
брадаbradabeardnoun ● ā-stem
бранbranbattlenoun ● i-stemCS
БрандибурBrandiburBrandenburgnoun ● o-stemUsed by Paisius for Prussia and Germany in general.
браняbranjadefendverb ● i-verb
братbratbrothernoun ● irregularPunčo uses various plural forms, e.g. bratia, brate, bratii etc.
браткоbratkobrothernoun ● o-stemCarski: bratco
братоненавидникbratonenavidnikbrother-haternoun ● o-stemCS
братствоbratstvobrotherhoodnoun ● o-stem
брачинаbračinadiapersnoun ● ā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Appears in phrase vь bračini - probably a pl.nom/acc form.
брашноbrašnoflournoun ● o-stem
бремеbremeburdennoun ● n-stemCS brěmę
БрижеидаBrižeidaBriseisnoun ● ā-stemIn the Legend of Troy, she is appears as daughter of Felespon suličnik, captured by Achilles on pridežьskyǫ otoky.
бродницаbrodnicasorceressnoun ● jā-stemFrom brodja 'pass (water or night)'. The word was also used by a tribe in Moldova, which served as mercenaries for Kievan princes and Ivan Asen II (wiki). Thus it may have gained the meaning 'one with strange habits' > 'sorcerer'.
броеничкаbroeničkarosarynoun ● ā-stemBG broenica
бройbroicountnoun ● monosyllabic
брояbrojacountverb ● i-verb
бръкнаbrъknareach (into something)verb ● e-verb
брягbrěgshorenoun ● monosyllabic
будувамbuduvambe awakeverb ● a-verb
буенbuenfoolishadjective ● hard stemPunčo follows the meaning of CS boui 'mōros, insipidus', a different meaning in BG buen 'fierce' (rechnik.chitanka: 'koito se projavjava s goljama sila i skorost').
буйникbuinikfoolnoun ● o-stemNot in dictionaries, based on buen.
бунищеbuništedumpnoun ● jo-stem
буренburenweednoun ● o-stemPunčo: burjan. The spelling is also found in RU/UA and SC.
БуроBuroBuronoun ● o-stemThe name is unknown elsewhere. Punčo uses buru for both direct objects (e.g. da pokr-ti c-ra buru 'to baptize King Buro') and possessors (otide c-ru buru u dvorove 'he went to the palace of King Buro'), like in ā-stems.
БурсаBursaBursanoun ● ā-stem
буряburjastormnoun ● jā-stem
бутамbutampushverb ● a-verb
бъдаbъdabecomeverb ● e-verbAlso used for conditional particles bix, bi, etc.
българинbъlgarinBulgariannoun ● ethno-stemPunčo uses both -e and -i as pl.nom forms (5 vs. 2 in first 20 chapters).
БългарияBъlgariaBulgarianoun ● jā-stem
българскиbъlgarskiof Bulgariaadjective ● hard stem
бързbъrzfastadjective ● hard stem
бързамbъrzamhasteverb ● a-verb
бързоbъrzoquicklyadverb ●
былиеbylieherbsnoun ● jo-stemCS
бытиbytibeverb ● irregularAn obsolete lemma: sъm or bъda are used instead.
бягběgrun, flightnoun ● monosyllabic
бягамběgamrunverb ● a-verb
бялbělwhiteadjective ● hard stem
бялоличенběloličenhaving a white faceadjective ● hard stem
бясběsdemonnoun ● monosyllabicPunčo prefers pl. besove, but besi appears too.
бясовскиběsovskidemonicadjective ● hard stem
бѣжатиběžatirunverb ● i-verbCS
вvinpreposition ● with loc (locative) or acc (lative)
ВаалVaalBaalnoun ● o-stem
ВааловVaalovof Baaladjective ● hard stem
ВавилонVavilonBabylonnoun ● o-stem
вавилонскиvavilonskiBabylonianadjective ● hard stem
вавилонянинvavilonjaninBabyloniannoun ● ethno-stem
вадаvadachannelnoun ● ā-stemBAN I 111: váda 'kanal za napojavane ili za karane na vodenica i dr.'
важаvažaweighverb ● i-verb
валяvaljarainverb ● i-verb
варvarlimenoun ● i-stem
варваринvarvarinbarbariannoun ● ethno-stem
вардяvardjaguardverb ● i-verb
варивоvarivoporridgenoun ● o-stem
варницаvarnicalime ovennoun ● jā-stem
варяvarjacookverb ● i-verb
васанскиvasanskiof Bashanadjective ● hard stem
ВасилийVasiliiBasileusnoun ● new i-stem
васияvasijaholdernoun ● new i-stemBAN I 122: vasija 'nastojnik, opekun' (SZ) < tr. vasi < ar. waṣiyya
ВатуилVatuilBethuelnoun ● o-stemPunčo: tatuilь or ѳatuilь - likely misreading Cyrillic в as ѳ.
вашvašyouradjective ● pronominal soft stem
вдигамvdigamraiseverb ● a-verbCommonly written without the initial v- by Punčo (e.g. 3sg.impf digaše).
вдигнаvdignaraiseverb ● e-verb
вдовицаvdovicawidownoun ● jā-stem
вдовицинvdovicinof a widowadjective ● hard stem
вдовичествоvdovičestvowidowhoodnoun ● o-stem
ведетиvědětiknowverb ● irregularCS; 1sg.prs vědě, 2sg.prs věsi
веднъжvednъžonceadverb ● BAN (I 127) gives a 15th-c. form jedinǫšt, analyzing it as sg.acc edinǫ + ptcp.aor.act šьd- lit. '(in) one going'.
ведроvedrobucketnoun ● o-stem
везирvezirviziernoun ● jo-stemPunčo's pl. form is vezire.
везиревvezirevof a viziernoun ● hard stemBoth vezirov and vezirev appear in dictionaries. Punčo prefers the latter variant.
векvekage, worldnoun ● monosyllabicCS věk. Handled as an o-stem by Punčo in the fixed phrase vo veki vekov 'forever'.
велегласноveleglasnowith a great voiceadverb ● CS
веледушенveledušenmagnanimousadjective ● hard stem
ВелзевулVelzevulBeelzebubnoun ● An attribute of the Devil - 'Lord of the Flies' (2 Kings 1:2); used for Hades by Punčo.
велийveliigreatadjective ● soft stemCS
великvelikgreatadjective ● hard stem
великоvelikogreatlyadverb ●
великомъченикvelikomъčenikgreat martyrnoun ● o-stemDemina et al. 2012:75
велитиvelititell, commandverb ● i-verbCS
величаяveličajaproclaim greatverb ● e-verb
величьствиеveličьstviemajestynoun ● jo-stemCS
велможаvelmožamagnatenoun ● jā-stemCS velьmǫžь
вельмиvelьmimuchadverb ● CS
велѣниеvelěniecommandnoun ● jo-stemCS
велѣтиvelěticommandverb ● i-verbCS (or SC)
венецvenecwreathnoun ● jo-stem
ВениаминVeniaminBenjaminnoun ● o-stem
ВеноушаVenušaVenusnoun ● jā-stem
венчавамvenčavamto wedverb ● a-verb
венчаяvenčajato wedverb ● i-verb
вепърvepъrboarnoun ● o-stem
веренvěrenloyal, faithfuladjective ● hard stem
ВерсавейVersaveiBeershebanoun ● jo-stemPunčo's spelling of CS Virsavija, perhaps based on its dative form (mentioned e.g. in 2 Kings 3:10).
вертепvertepshack, (bad) innnoun ● o-stem
веселveselhappyadjective ● hard stem
веселбаveselbahappiness, partynoun ● ā-stem
веселиеveseliehappinessnoun ● jo-stemCS
веселоveselohappilyadverb ●
веселяveseljarejoiceverb ● i-verb
вестvestnewsnoun ● i-stem
ветхvetxancient, oldadjective ● hard stemCS vetъxъ. Used specifically for vetxi zakon 'Old Testament'.
вехтvextragnoun ● i-stemUnclear. BAN I 139: vext 'star, iznosen' (adj.)
вечеvečealready, anymore, moreadverb ●
веченvečeneternaladjective ● hard stem
вечерvečereveningnoun ● o-stem
вечераvečeradinnernoun ● ā-stemA jā-stem (sg.gen ot v-čerę, dat/loc po večeri) in the Legend of Troy.
вечеренvečereneveningadjective ● hard stem
вечерняvečernjaevening liturgynoun ● jā-stem
вечерямvečerjamhave a dinnerverb ● a-verb
вещveštthingnoun ● i-stem
вещ (2)vešt (2)knowleadgeable, educatedadjective ● soft stem
вещественveštestvenmaterialadjective ● CS
вещицаvešticasorceressnoun ● jā-stem
вещяveštjatellverb ● i-verbCarski: 3sg.aor/prs veci. Likely related to BG vešt 'knowing', veštaja 'to divine', veštica, as well as CS věštati 'phthegesthai, loqui'.
веяvejawaveverb ● e-verb
вземаvzematakeverb ● e-verbCS vъzęti, 1sg.prs vъzьmǫ, 2sg vъzьmeši. CIAI 1161 has 1sg.prs vъzmu, a regular reflex by Havlík's Law. Punčo prefers 1sg zememь - with root vowel of aorist stem (as in modern BG) and the ending taken from athematic paradigm.
взимамvzimamtakeverb ● a-verb
взирамvziramstareverb ● a-verb
взраvzralookverb ● e-verbFrom *vъz-zra (CS vъzrǫ).
видвамvidvamseeverb ● a-verb
видениеvidenievisionnoun ● jo-stem
ВидинVidinVidinnoun ● o-stem
видинскиvidinskiof Vidinadjective ● hard stem
видяvidjaseeverb ● i-verbBG vidja 'see' is perfective, with viždam as its imperfective counterpart. Punčo uses only the first stem (1sg.prs vidim), which seems to cover aspects (e.g. both in present and aorist tenses), similarly as CS viděti.
виеvieyou (pl.)pronoun ● Annotation of oblique forms: vas Pp2-pg, vam Pp2-pd, vi Pp2-pa
In CS text regularily distinguishing /y/ and /i/, a lemma vy can be used instead.
викамvikamcall, shoutverb ● a-verb
викнаviknacall, shoutverb ● e-verb
викотvikotshoutingnoun ● o-stem
ВилVilBelnoun ● o-stemA god of Babylonians in Book of Daniel.
вилаvilapitchforknoun ● ā-stem
вилаетvilaetprovincenoun ● o-stemTr. vilayet < ar. wilāya, root walaya 'govern'
винаvinacause, guiltnoun ● ā-stem
винарvinarwine makernoun ● jo-stem
виноvinowinenoun ● o-stem
винопийцаvinopiicawine-drinkernoun ● jā-stem
виночерпателvinočerpatelcupbearernoun ● jo-stemMiklosich: vinočrъpatelь 'pincerna'
висинаvisinaheightnoun ● ā-stem
високvisokhighadjective ● hard stem
високоvisokohighadverb ●
високоуменvisokoumenhaughtyadjective ● hard stem
високоумиеvisokoumiearrogancenoun ● jo-stem
висотаvisotaheightnoun ● ā-stem
висяvisjahangverb ● i-verb
витезvitęzhero, knightnoun ● jo-stemOCS vitęzь (likely from *vitęźь), but current BG has vitjaz due to East Slavic influence. Legend of Troy has vitezь, which could be intepreted as a SC reflex or influence of HU vitéz.
витезьствоvitęzьstvoknighthoodnoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
ВитилVitilBethelnoun ● o-stemCS Veѳilь
ВитлеемVitleemBethlehemnoun ● o-stem
ВитошаVitošaVitoshanoun ● jā-stem
вихърvixъrstormwindnoun ● o-stem
вишеvišeoveradverb ● CS vyše
вишенvišenhighestadjective ● hard stem
вияvijaweaveverb ● e-verb
вкупеvkupetogetheradverb ● CS
вкусвамvkusvamtasteverb ● a-verb
вкусяvkusjatasteverb ● i-verb
влагаvlagamoisturenoun ● ā-stem
влагалищеvlagalištebagnoun ● jo-stemRBE: link
влагамvlagamput inverb ● a-verb
владикаvladikalord, bishopnoun ● ā-stemCS vladyka. Punčo commonly uses the o-stem plural form vld-ci.
владикинvladikinof a lord or bishopadjective ● hard stem
ВладимирVladimirVladimirnoun ● o-stem
владиченvladičenlordlyadjective ● hard stem
владичицаvladičicaladynoun ● jā-stemCS vladyčica
владѣтиvladětiruleverb ● e-verbCS
влакноvlaknopiece of hairnoun ● o-stem
власvlashairnoun ● o-stemCS
власиvlasiWallachiansnoun ● o-stem
властvlastpowernoun ● i-stem
властвамvlastvamruleverb ● a-verb
властелинvlastelinmagnatenoun ● ethno-stemCS
властителvlastitelpower holdernoun ● jo-stem
ВлахернаVlaxernaBlachernaenoun ● ā-stemA part of Constantinople with (once) a famous church and (ruins of) palace, today called Ayvansaray.
ВлахияVlaxijaWallachianoun ● jā-stem
влачаvlačapullverb ● i-verb
влашкиvlaškiWallachianadjective ● hard stem
вложаvložaput inverb ● i-verb
влъхвъvlъxvъmagiciannoun ● o-stemCS
влъшьвениеvlъšьveniemagicnoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
влязаvlězaenterverb ● e-verb
влязнаvlěznaenterverb ● e-verb
вместоvmestoinsteadpreposition ●
вмиришаvmirišabegin to stinkverb ● e-verb
внесаvnesabring inverb ● e-verb
внукvnukgrandsonnoun ● o-stem
водаvodawaternoun ● ā-stem
воденvodenof wateradjective ● hard stem
воденицаvodenicawatermillnoun ● jā-stem
водицаvodicawaternoun ● jā-stem
водяvodjalead, haveverb ● i-verb
возяvozjaconveyverb ● i-verb
воинствоvoinstvoarmynoun ● o-stem
войводаvoivodaduke, generalnoun ● ā-stemCS voevoda - considered an archaic variant by BAN (I 171) too.
войнvoinwarriornoun ● jo-stemPunčo prefers voine as the pl. form.
войнаvoinawarnoun ● ā-stem
войникvoinikwarriornoun ● o-stem
войническиvoiničeskiof waradjective ● hard stem
войскаvoiskaarmynoun ● ā-stemUsed as f.sg, although BAN (I 173) knows also a neut. form voisko from the area.
волvoloxnoun ● monosyllabic
волецvolecsmall oxnoun ● jo-stem
волитиvolitiwantverb ● i-verbPunčo uses the CS meaning. SC voliti and dialectal BG volja 'love' (BAN I 175) does not fit into context.
воловскиvolovskiof oxenadjective ● hard stem
волскиvolskiof oxenadjective ● hard stem
воляvoljawillnoun ● jā-stem
ВонифонтVonifontBonifacenoun ● hard stemPunčo's rendering of CS Vonifatii (BG Bonifacii).
воняvonjastinkverb ● i-verbCS vonjati, 1sg.prs vonjajǫ, 2sg vonjaješi (an e-verb).
востаниеvostanieanything on Earthnoun ● jo-stemPunčo seems to use the word as in Eastern CS redactions. Miklosich has vъstanije 'resurrectio, insurrectio', while modern BG has only the second meaning (vъstanie 'bunt'). See vъstati for the verb.
восточенvostočeneasternadjective ● hard stem
восъкvosъkwaxnoun ● o-stem
вочкаvočkafruitnoun ● ā-stemBAN IV 769: vočka 'ovoštno drъvo' (Vidinsko) < CS ovoštie
воювамvojuvamconquerverb ● a-verb
впрегнаvpregnaharnessverb ● e-verbPunčo: 3sg.prs/subj da upregne
враvraboil, cookverb ● i-verbAlso used for adjectives like vrjal, f.sg vrela 'boiling'.
врагvragenemy, devilnoun ● o-stemAttested in PPS as an o-stem due to CS influence (chapter 005), but BG vrag is monosyllabic.
враждаvraždahatenoun ● jā-stem
вражииvražiiof enemyadjective ● soft stem
вражьнvražьnof enemyadjective ● soft stemCS
вразумяvrazumjaconvince to be reasonableverb ● i-verb
вранаvranacrownoun ● ā-stem
вратаvratadoornoun ● o-stem
вратарvratardoormannoun ● jo-stem
вратитиvratitireturnverb ● i-verbCS
врачvračdoctornoun ● monosyllabicPunčo prefers pl. vračeve, but vračove appears too.
врачеватиvračevatihealverb ● e-verbCS
врачевскиvračevskiof doctorsadjective ● hard stemCS
врачкаvračkadoctor (fem.)noun ● ā-stem
вращамvraštamreturnverb ● a-verbCS vraštati, 1sg.prs vraštajǫ, 2sg vraštaeši (an e-verb). According to BAN (I 183), the word is used in the West (MK?), elsewhere replaced by vrъštam.
времеvremetime, weathernoun ● n-stemCS vrěmę
връзvrъzonpreposition ●
връхvrъxtop, summitnoun ● monosyllabicA u-stem in CS.
връщамvrъštamreturnverb ● a-verb
врѣщиvrěštithrowverb ● e-verbCS, 1sg.prs vrъgǫ, 2sg vrъžeši.
всеvsealladjective ● pronominal mixed stemThe n.sg.nom form chosen, as the lemma is often used as a N ('everything') or R ('fully'); CS/BG variant of sve.
всегдаvsegdaalwaysadverb ●
всегдашенvsegdašeneverydayadjective ● hard stemCS
вседържителvsedъržitelPantocratornoun ● jo-stemCS
всекиvsěkieveryadjective ● pronominal hard stemCS vьsěkъ
вселенаvselenauniverseadjective ● hard stem
вселенскиvselenskiuniversaladjective ● hard stem
вселяvseljasettleverb ● i-verb
всемилостивvsemilostivmost mercifuladjective ● hard stem
всенароденvsenarodenaffecting all the nationadjective ● hard stem
всенощенvsenoštenall night longadjective ● hard stem
всеосвещенvseosveštenmost holyadjective ● hard stem
всесиленvsesilenmost powerfuladjective ● hard stem
всехваленvsexvalenmost praiseworthyadjective ● hard stem
всечестенvsečestenmost respectableadjective ● hard stemDemina et al. 2012:103
всеяvsejasow inverb ● e-verb
всичкоvsičkoeverythingnoun ● o-stem
всичъкvsičъkeveryadjective ● hard stem
всюдуvsjudueverywhereadverb ● CS vьsǫdu or -ě (SJS: link)
всякакvsěkakanywaypronoun ●
всякаквоvsěkakvoanythingadjective ● hard stem
всякакъвvsěkakъvanyadjective ● hard stem
всякогаvsěkogaanytimepronoun ●
всѣчьскъvsěčьskъall kindsadjective ● hard stemCS
втаксувамvtaksuvampromiseverb ● a-verbBAN I 196: vtaksuvam 'obeštavam', < gr. taѯimo 'obeštanie'
вториvtorisecondadjective ● hard stem
ВукашинVukašinVukashinnoun ● o-stem
ВукичVukičVukichnoun ● jo-stemA king of Bulgars mentioned by Paisius. Possibly Walluc (< *vlъkъ ?), a Slavic chieftain, who sheltered the remnants of Alcek's Bulgars after their massacre by Dagobert II. Pohl (2018:319) situates his realm in Slovenia and the whole story a generation earlier, to 630s, during the rule of the first Dagobert. The name appears thus in RU version of Orbini's chronicle. Nikolov (2014) considers it a corruption of the Bulgar ethnonym by a Latin translation of Theophanes the Confessor.
вчераvčerayesterdayadverb ● See Olander 2015:168 for the debate on underlying morphology.
вчерашенvčerašenof yesterdayadjective ● hard stem
въведаvъvedalead inverb ● e-verb
въвезаvъvezacarry in with a vehicleverb ● e-verbCS
въвидяvъvidjaobserveverb ● i-verbUnclear.
въвлѣщиvъvlěštidrag inverb ● e-verbCS
въводяvъvodjalead inverb ● i-verb
въвръгнѫтиvъvrъgnǫtithrow insideverb ● e-verbCS
въврѣщиvъvrěštithrow inverb ● e-verbCS, see vrěšti.
въглеvъglecoalnoun ● jo-stemAttested in PPS as uglie (< CS ǫglie or later ugьlije). Cf. BAN I 201 for lemma.
въдатиvъdatigive, put, marryverb ● irregularCS; RBE: link
въдицаvъdicafish hooknoun ● jā-stem
въжделениеvъždeleniedesirenoun ● jo-stemCS
въжделѣтиvъždelěticraveverb ● e-verbCS
въжеvъžeropenoun ● nt-stem
възvъzoverpreposition ● with acc
възбраняvъzbranjapreventverb ● i-verb
възведаvъzvedalead upverb ● e-verb
възвеселитиvъzveselitibecome happyverb ● i-verbCS
възвестяvъzvestjaannounceverb ● i-verbCS vъzvěstiti, 1sg vъzvěštǫ
възвишаvъzvišaraiseverb ● i-verb
възвратитиvъzvraštatireturnverb ● a-verbCS
възвратитиvъzvratitireturnverb ● i-verbCS
възврѣщиvъzvrěštithrowverb ● e-verbCS; 1sg.prs vъzvrъgnǫ, 2sg vъzvrъžeši
възглавеvъzglavepillownoun ● jo-stemPunčo: uzglavie
възгласявамvъzglasjavamcallverb ● a-verb
възгноуситиvъzgnusitibecome disgustedverb ● i-verbCS
възгорѣтиvъzgorěticatch flame, fire upverb ● i-verbCS
въздамvъzdamduly giveverb ● a-verb
въздвигнаvъzdvignaliftverb ● e-verb
въздвижениеvъzdviženieraising, exaltationnoun ● jo-stem
въздиханиеvъzdixaniemoannoun ● jo-stem
въздишанеvъzdišanesighnoun ● jo-stemEast-CS vocalism voz- is common in Punčo's Sbornik.
въздрематиvъzdrěmatifall asleepverb ● e-verbCS
въздухvъzduxairnoun ● o-stem
въздържаvъzdъržaabstainverb ● i-verbAlso written as vъzderža by Punčo.
въздържамvъzdъržamabstainverb ● a-verb
въздържаниеvъzdъržanieabstinencenoun ● jo-stem
въздъхвамvъzdъxvamgaspverb ● a-verb
въздъхнаvъzdъxnagaspverb ● e-verb
въздыхатиvъzdyxatimoanverb ● e-verbCS
възжелатиvъzželatistart to desireverb ● e-verbCS
въззыватиvъzzyvaticallverb ● e-verbCS
възиграяvъzigratistart to danceverb ● e-verbCS
възискатиvъziskatidemandverb ● e-verbCS; 2sg.prs vъzišteši or vъziskaješi. Spelling vъzyskati also common.
възитиvъzitiascendverb ● e-verbCS. Common is also the spelling vъzyti (3sg.aor vъzyde in the Legend of Troy).
възкресениеvъzkresenieresurrectionnoun ● jo-stemCS
възкресяvъzkresjaresurrectverb ● i-verbCS vъskrъsnǫti or vъskrěsiti
възлагамvъzlagamput onverb ● a-verb
възложаvъzložaput onverb ● a-verb
възлюбяvъzljubjalove, be dearverb ● i-verb
възлязаvъzlězaascendverb ● e-verb
възможенvъzmoženpossibleadjective ● hard stem
възмощиvъzmoštiallow, make possibleverb ● e-verbCS
възмѣтатиvъzmětatilift up, throwverb ● e-verbCS
възненавидяvъznenavidjabegin to hateverb ● i-verb
възнесаvъznesaliftverb ● e-verb
възнесениеvъznesenieascensionnoun ● jo-stemCS
възносяvъznosjalift, brag about, elevate oneselfverb ● i-verb
възоупитиvъzupitishoutverb ● i-verbMiklosich: vъzoupiti 'krazein, clamare', histdict.uni-sofia: vъzъpiti 'nadam silen glas, izvikam visoko'
възпеяvъzpejasingverb ● e-verb
възпитамvъzpitameducateverb ● a-verb
възплескамvъzpleskamclapverb ● a-verb
възприемаvъzpriemaaccept, appropriateverb ● e-verb
възрадвамvъzradvamrejoiceverb ● a-verb
възревноватиvъzrevnovatizealously wishverb ● e-verbCS
възседнаvъzsednamountnoun ● e-verb
възсилатиvъzsilatisendverb ● e-verbCS
възстанѫтиvъzstanǫtiriseverb ● e-verbCS
възхваляvъzxvaljapraiseverb ● i-verb
възходvъzxodascentnoun ● o-stem
вълкvъlkwolfnoun ● o-stem
вълнаvъlnawool, wavenoun ● ā-stem
вълнениеvъlneniemovement of wavesnoun ● jo-stem
вълницаvъlnicapiece of woolnoun ● jā-stem
вълчецvъlčecthistlenoun ● jo-stemMiklosich: vlьčьcь 'tribulus'
вънvъnoutsideadverb ● Derksen (2008:531) mentions skt. vana-, Av. vanā- 'tree' as possible cognates, reconstructing sg. acc PIE *unH-o-m for the Slavic word. OCS also shows forms vъně (sg.loc) and vъnějǫdu (composite).
въниматиvъnimatiperceive, give attentionverb ● e-verbCS
вънитиvъnitienterverb ● e-verbCS
вънкаvъnkaoutadverb ●
вънѫтрьvъnǫtrinsideadverb ● The lemma is based on OCS (SJS vъnǫtrь 'in, inside'), but both prefixes and endings vary across sources. Punčo mostly prefers forms like vanutre or unutre, based on n.sg.loc.
въоръжаvъorъžatake armsverb ● i-verb
въпаднутиvъpadnǫtifall down (into sin)verb ● e-verbCS (lemma for both vъpasti and vъpadnǫti)
въпрашатиvъprašatiaskverb ● e-verbCS
въпроситиvъprositiaskverb ● i-verbCS
вървяvъrvjawalkverb ● i-verb
вържаvъržabindverb ● e-verb
въринѫтиvъrinǫtiintrudeverb ● e-verbCS
върлvъrlbitter, terribleadjective ● hard stemCarski: varli maki 'terrible torments'.
върнаvъrnareturnverb ● e-verb
върхуvъrxuonpreposition ● with acc
вършаvъršathreshverb ● i-verb
въскочитиvъskočitijumpverb ● i-verbCS
въскѫıѫvъskǫjǫwhyconjunction ● CS: vъzъ + kǫjǫ (vinǫ?) 'for which (cause?)'
въсплакатиvъzplakatistart cryingverb ● e-verbCS
въспомѧнѫтиvъspomęnǫtirememberverb ● e-verbCS
въспѧтьvъspętbackwardsadverb ● CS
въстатиvъstatistand up, emergeverb ● e-verbCS, 1sg.prs vъstanǫ, 2sg vъstaneši.
въстрѫбитиvъstrǫbitiblow trumpetverb ● i-verbCS
въсхотѣтиvъsxotětiwantverb ● e-verbCS
въсхранитиvъsxranitiraise, feedverb ● i-verbCS
въсыпатиvъsypatipour (sand, dust)verb ● e-verbCS
въсѣднѫтиvъsědnǫtimountverb ● e-verbCS
вътреvъtreinsideadverb ●
вътрешенvъtrešeninsideadjective ● hard stem
выvyyou (pl.)pronoun ● CS. Annotation of oblique forms: vas Pp2-pg, vam Pp2-pd, vami Pp2-pi.
вынѫvynǫalwaysadverb ● CS
выситиvysitielevateverb ● i-verbCS
вышьнvyšьnhigheradjective ● hard stemCS
вьседоушьнѣvьsedušьněwith all souladverb ● CS
вьсепѣтъvьsepětъmost praiseworthyadjective ● hard stemCS
вьсечьстьнъvьsečьstьnъmost honorableadjective ● hard stemCS
вьсѫдѣvьsǫděeverywhereadverb ● CS
вяраvěrafaith, beliefnoun ● ā-stemPunčo seems to use it in the meaning 'nation' too, e.g. nadviva na svi+te veri '(Muscovy) is defeating all the faiths/nations'.
вярвамvěrvambelieveverb ● a-verb
вярноvěrnofaithfullyadverb ●
вятърvětъrwindnoun ● o-stemCS větrъ
вѧзатиvęzatibindverb ● e-verbCS, 1sg.prs vęžǫ, 2sg vęžeši.
вѧщеvęštemoreadverb ●
габилотаgabilotajavelinnoun ● ā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Miklosich: gabilota 'iaculum' < mhd. gabilot, it. giavelotto, cognate of EN javelin, all ultimately from a Gaulish loanword (wel. gaflach 'feathered spear' in OED, link) in late Latin. Ruseva (2011:81) describes it as a device for throwing Greek fire (Pypin's version: i nača strěljati Ektorъ strěloju so ognemъ). The weapon is also used by Polypoetes. In Jagić's version, he uses strělu Gabělovu to destroy towers of Troy ('s walls ?), three by each throw, while the missile returns to his hands afterwards.
ГавединGavedinof Gabdelasadjective ● hard stem
ГаведияGavediaGabdelasnoun ● new i-stemCS Gaveddai. Aside Gabdelas, other possible spellings in English are Habeddai, Gobdahala etc.
ГавриилGavriilGabrielnoun ● o-stem
ГадGadGadnoun ● o-stemDavid's prophet (e.g. 2 Sam 24:18)
гадgadverminnoun ● monosyllabicPunčo uses both gadove and gadi as pl.nom forms.
гадинаgadinaevil onenoun ● ā-stem
гадяgadjascornverb ● i-verb
газяgazjastomp, drive oververb ● i-verb
галатяgalatjadepraveverb ● i-verbSkok I 546: galatan 'nepristojan, koji psuje', denominal na -iti (Kosmet) 'govoriti nepristojne riječi', ar. > tur. ghalat "prostaštvo" iz oblasti društvenog života
галилейскиgalileiskiGalileanadjective ● hard stem
ГалилеяGalilejaGalileenoun ● jā-stem
галилеянинgalilejaninGalileannoun ●
ГанадонGanadonGanadonnoun ● o-stemUnclear, site of birth of St. Samon.
ганадяganadjacurseverb ● i-verbBAN I 229: gana 'bjas', ganadja 'psuvam'.
гарванgarvanravennoun ● o-stem
ГаргалGargalGabralnoun ● o-stemA fellow martyr of Gabdelas, RBE: here for the suggested English spelling.
гасимgasimextinguishableadjective ● hard stemUsually negated, a part of the fixed phrase ognь ne+gasimi 'inextinguishable fire (of Hell)', formally an old ptcp.prs.pass form of gasja.
гасяgasjaextinguishverb ● i-verb
гдеgdewherepronoun ● Phonetic variant of kъde, common in CS.
гдетоgdetowherepronoun ●
геенскиgeenskiof Gehenna, hellishadjective ● hard stem
гемиджияgemidžijasailornoun ● new i-stem
гемияgemijaship (with sails)noun ● jā-stemBAN I 236: gemija 'korab s platna' < tr. gemi
генералgeneralgeneralnoun ● o-stem
ГеонGeonGihonnoun ● o-stemA river flowing from Eden around Kush (Ethiopia or the land of Kassites in Mesopotamia; cf. Gen 2:13). Scanlon (2013, link) identifies it with Karun, a river flowing from Zagros Mountain in Iran.
ГеоргевGeorgevof Georgeadjective ● hard stem
ГеоргиGeorgiGeorgenoun ● new i-stemUsually written гер̫ги, with a ligature of р and ѡ.
герарийскиgerariiskiof Geraradjective ● hard stem
ГесемGesemGoshennoun ● uninflectedCf. Gen 47:6.
ГилудаGiludaGiludanoun ● ā-stemThe name of "Helen" of the Tale is neither attested elsewhere in Trojan War texts, nor in the Bible. The very spelling varies a lot. The form giluda is used especially in Odessa and Petersburg editions, as well as elsewhere, only Bucharest prefers egѵluda; in Adžar, along giluda also igulida (preferred in Veles ed.) and igilida are attested. The name likely stems from Gylou or Gillō, a personification of dangers for women giving birth (Kirpičnikov 1891:4), mentioned already by Sappho (Mazon 1942:27). Miklosich (1865:127) translates CS gilouda (from another source) as 'magae genus', similar tu Rus. golenduxa, an evil spirit causing fevers. According to Močuľskij (1893:376), the name is taken from a cycle of fever curses used by Bogomils.
главаglavaheadnoun ● ā-stem
главенglavenmainadjective ● hard stem
главнаglavnafirebrandnoun ● ā-stem
глаголglagolword, verbnoun ● o-stem
глаголатиglagolatispeakverb ● e-verbCS
гладgladhunger, faminenoun ● i-stem
гладенgladenhungeredadjective ● hard stem
гладникgladnikhungry onenoun ● o-stem
гладъкgladъksmoothadjective ● hard stem
гласglasvoice, tonenoun ● monosyllabic
гласноglasnowith a strong voiceadverb ●
гледамgledamwatchverb ● a-verbCS ględati (e-verb)
гледаниеgledaniesightnoun ● jo-stemOr gledane (BG).
глечglečglazenoun ● i-stemBAN I 248: gleč 'glazura na glinen săd' < skr. gleđa < dt. Glätte. Punčo uses the form gleџь (~ gledž) which was expected (because of verb gledžosam), but still considered unattested in the dictionary.
глоумстьвоватиglumьstvovatimockverb ● e-verbCS
глужglužstudnoun ● jo-stem
глупавglupavfoolishadjective ● hard stem
глухgluxdeafadjective ● hard stem
глътнаglъtnaswallowverb ● e-verb
глъчglъčscandalnoun ● jo-stem
глъченglъčennoisyadjective ● hard stem
глѫбинаglǫbinadepthnoun ● ā-stemCS
глѫбокglǫbokdeepadjective ● hard stemCS; Miklosich has both glъbok and glǫbok, but only the variant with ǫ seems to be in OCS.
гневенgněvenangryadjective ● hard stem
гнездоgnezdonestnoun ● o-stem
гнилgnilrottenadjective ● hard stemTechnically, could be analyzed as an l-participle of gnija.
гнияgnijarotverb ● e-verb
гнойgnoipusnoun ● i-stem
гнусgnusdisgustnoun ● o-stem
гнусенgnusendisgustingadjective ● hard stem
гнусотаgnusotadisgusting thingsnoun ● ā-stem
гнусяgnusjabe disgustedverb ● i-verb
гнявgněvangernoun ● o-stem
говедоgovedocattlenoun ● o-stem
говеждgoveždbeef, of cattleadjective ● hard stem
говениеgoveniepietynoun ● jo-stem
говоряgovorjatalk, discussverb ● i-verb
годgodyearnoun ●
годеgodewhateverparticle ●
годежgodežbetrothalnoun ● i-stem
годеницаgodenicafianceenoun ● jā-stem
годинаgodinayearnoun ● ā-stem
годяgodjabetrothe, prepareverb ● i-verb
гозбаgozbafeastnoun ● ā-stem
голgolnakedadjective ● hard stem
големинаgoleminasize, pridenoun ● ā-stem
големкиняgolemkinjaelder wife of husband's brothernoun ● jā-stemBAN I 262: golemkinja 'obrъštenie na po-mladata etъrva kъm po-starata'
големяgolemjabe haughtyverb ● i-verbBAN I 262: golemja se 'vъzgordjavam se'
ГолиатGoliatGoliathnoun ● o-stem
голотаgolotanakednessnoun ● ā-stem
голубицаgolubicadovenoun ● jā-stemCS golǫbica
голямgolěmbigadjective ● hard stem
голямоgolěmogreatly, stronglyadverb ●
ГоморGomorGomorrahnoun ● o-stem
гонениеgoneniepersecution, raidsnoun ● jo-stem
гоняgonjachaseverb ● i-verb
гораgoraforestnoun ● ā-stemCS gora also 'mountain'
горделивgordelivhaughtyadjective ● hard stem
гореgoreupwardadverb ●
горенgorenupperadjective ● hard stemCS
горениеgorenieburningnoun ● jo-stemCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
горестgorestheatnoun ● i-stem
горещgoreštheatedadjective ● hard stem
горещаваgoreštavaheatnoun ● ā-stem
горещинаgoreštinaheatnoun ● ā-stemCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
горкоgorkobitterlyadverb ●
горчаgorčamake bitterverb ● i-verb
горчилоgorčilobitter substancenoun ● o-stem
горъкgorъkbitteradjective ● hard stem
горяgorěwoeadverb ●
горяgorjaburnverb ● i-verb
ГосподGospodLordnoun ● o-stemEndings commonly used by Punčo (gda, gdu) are typical of o-stems. OCS Gospodь was originally an i-stem, what is still reflected on the vocative g-di (cf. Lunt 2001:75). Older sg.gen gospodně (often abbreviated gdně) indicate influence of n-stems like dьnь. These are handled as a sg.gen soft-stem possessive adjectives (lemma Gospoden).
господарgospodarlord, rulernoun ● jo-stemUsually abbreviated gdrь (or gsdrь). The underlying root could also be ORu gosudarь (Vasmer I 448).
господарицаgospodaricaruling womannoun ● jā-stemRBE: link
господаркаgospodarkaruling womannoun ● ā-stem
господарствоgospodarstvodomainnoun ● o-stem
господарувамgospodaruvamruleverb ● a-verb
ГосподенGospodenLord'sadjective ● soft stemOften given as gdnь. Oblique forms like gdně/gdnju are ambiguous: could be seen as sg.gen of Gospod too.
господинgospodinlordnoun ● jo-stem
господствоgospodstvolordshipnoun ● o-stem
господствувамgospodstvuvamruleverb ● a-verb
господьствиеgospodьstviedominionnoun ● jo-stemCS. A term used mostly in plural for the angelic rank (gr. kyriotētes).
госпождаgospoždaladynoun ● jā-stem
гостgostguestnoun ● i-stemA masc i-stem in CS. Attested (so far) only as pl.nom goske, which resembles an i-stem (< *gostje).
гостолюбенgostoljubenhospitableadjective ● hard stem
гостяgostjatreat as a guestverb ● i-verb
готвяgotvjaprepare, cookverb ● i-verbCS gotoviti
готовgotovreadyadjective ● hard stem
гоубытельgubytelevil mannoun ● jo-stemCS
гощавамgoštavamtreat as a guestverb ● a-verbPunčo: 3sg.prs gošteva
гощаванеgoštavanetreating as a guestnoun ● o-stem
грабителgrabitelrobbernoun ● jo-stem
грабяgrabjarobverb ● i-verb
градgradcitynoun ● monosyllabic
градgrad (2)hail (storm)noun ● monosyllabic
градежgradežconstruction sitenoun ● jo-stem
градинаgradinagardennoun ● ā-stem
градищеgradištetownnoun ● jo-stem
градскиgradskiof a cityadjective ● hard stem
градяgradjafenceverb ● i-verb
гражданинgraždanincitizennoun ● ethno-stem
граматикаgramatikagrammarnoun ● ā-stem
граматникgramatnikgrammariannoun ● o-stem
грешаgrešaerr, commit sinverb ● i-verb
грешенgrěšensinful, erringadjective ● hard stem
грешникgrěšniksinnernoun ● o-stemCS grěšьnikъ
греяgrejaheatverb ● e-verb
ГригорийGrigoriiGregorynoun ● new i-stem
грижаgrižaworrynoun ● jā-stem
гриженgriženworrisomeadjective ● hard stem
гриженеgriženeworrynoun ● jo-stem
грижяgrižjaworryverb ● i-verb
гробgrobgravenoun ● monosyllabic
гробищаgrobištacemeterynoun ● jo-stem
гроздеgrozdegrapesnoun ● o-stem
грозенgrozenugly, terribleadjective ● hard stem
грозноgroznoterriblyadverb ●
громgromthundernoun ● monosyllabic
грошgrošgroatnoun ● monosyllabic
гръдgrъdbreastnoun ● i-stem
гръкgrъkGreeknoun ● o-stem
гръмgrъmthundernoun ● monosyllabic
гръцкиgrъckiof Greeksadjective ● hard stemCS grъčьskъ
гряхgrěxsinnoun ● monosyllabic
грѧстиgręstiwalkverb ● e-verbCS
гумноgumnothreshing floornoun ● o-stem
ГундалияGundalijaGundalynoun ● jā-stemCS Gundaly (pl.nom) - an name of a city (or region) from the story of Theodore the Merchant (not mentioned in Greek version). Unclear which, likely somewhere between Calabria and Antioch (Candia?).
ГурийGuriiGuriasnoun ● new i-stem
гурлаgurladried tearnoun ● ā-stemBG gurel (cf. BAN I 295)
ГусарGusarGusar, gooseherdnoun ● o-stemThe lemma reflects BG gъsar 'gooseherd' (CS gǫsь 'goose'), but it is used as a proper name both by Punčo and in Prolog. The name is likely a translation of gr. chēnarios, used as the name of the Gusar's antagonist in the story (Xinar).
ГусаровGusarovof Gusaradjective ● hard stem
ГуялдоGujaldoGujaldonoun ● o-stemA name of the heretic in Limoges chastised by St. Anthony, mentioned by Carski.
гълъбgъlъbpidgeonnoun ● i-stemCS golǫbь
гъмжаgъmžaswarmverb ● i-verb
гърбинаgъrbinahumpnoun ● ā-stem
гърлоgъrlothroatnoun ● o-stem
гърнеgъrnepotnoun ● nt-stem
гъртанgъrtanthroatnoun ● o-stem
гъсеницаgъsenicacaterpillarnoun ● jā-stem
гюстердисовамgjosterdisovamshowverb ● a-verbCarski: 3sg.prs/aor ghiosterdissova. Google: tr. göstermek 'show'.
гяурgjaurheathennoun ● o-stemBAN I 309: gjaur 'nevernik', a dialectal tr. word going back to ar. kāfir.
Carski once uses ghiaul for the heretic Bonvillo. The instance might also reflect ghiavol 'diavolo' (Mauricio, RBE: ghiaulski 'diabolicamente').
гѫслиgǫslicitharanoun ● i-stemMiklosich: gǫslь 'kithara, cithara'. A plural i-stem, unlike SC gusla.
гѫсльникъgǫslьnikъcitharistnoun ● o-stem
гѫстиgǫstiplay musicverb ● e-verbLegend of Troy: 3sg.impf gǫděše
даdatoconjunction ●
давамdavamgiveverb ● a-verb
ДавидDavidDavidnoun ● o-stem
ДавидовDavidovof Davidadjective ● hard stem
давийскиdaviiskiof Dabisadjective ● hard stemAttested in CS version of Prolog as sg.acc na goru diaviiskuju. The place, where St. Theophanes of Ephesus fasted (EN).
давноdavnolong agoadverb ● Also used as an optative particle (davno si otide 'may he goes away').
ДадияDadiaDadasnoun ● new i-stemSt. Dadas, a Persian noble martyred under Shapur II along with his wife Casdoe.
дажеdažeevenparticle ●
дакоdakoalthoughparticle ● BAN I 314 - dako 'makar če'
далекdalekfaradjective ● hard stem
далекоdalekofaradverb ●
далечеdalečefaradverb ●
далеченdalečenfaradjective ● hard stem
далиdaliwhetherparticle ●
ДалматияDalmatijaDalmatianoun ● jā-stem
дамdamgiveverb ● athematicPunčo: 1sg.prs dademь, 3sg dade. If used as an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
ДамянDamianDamiannoun ● o-stem
ДамяновDamianovof Damianadjective ● hard stem
данdantaxnoun ● i-stem
ДаниилDaniilDanielnoun ● o-stem
данникdanniktaxpayernoun ● o-stem
даноdanomayparticle ●
данъкdanъktaxnoun ● o-stem
дарdargiftnoun ● monosyllabicAn u-stem in CS, monosyllabic in BG. Punčo uses pl. forms dari besides darove . The former, attested in modern standard too, may go back to the old u-stem pl.acc form (indicated in annotation).
дарбаdarbagift, talentnoun ● ā-stem
ДарданияDardaniaDardanusnoun ● jā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Mentioned as one of the names of the city of Troy, although the historical city was located more to the north (wiki).
ДарданушDardanušDardanusnoun ● jo-stem
ДарийDariiDariusnoun ● new i-stem
дарованиеdarovaniegiftnoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
дарувамdaruvamgive a presentverb ● a-verbPunčo handles receivers of the presents usually as direct objects, using dependent forms (accusatives) without prepositions. The present itself is sometimes marked with the preposition s 'with', e.g. da te daruvam sasъ mlogo dari 'may I give (to) you (lit. with or by) many presents'. The construction can be also seen in the Tale of Alexander the Elder.
дваdvatwonumeral ●
дваждиdvažditwiceadverb ● Archaic according to BAN dictionary, also in CS (dvaždy).
дваминаdvaminapairnoun ● ā-stem
двигнѫтиdvignǫtimove, liftverb ● e-verbCS
двоеdvoetwo partsadjective ● soft stemCS
двойцаdvoicapairnoun ● jā-stem
дворdvorcourt, yardnoun ● monosyllabicPunčo uses both plural forms - dvorove and dvori.
дворбаdvorbacourt servicenoun ● ā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
дворищеdvorišteyardnoun ● jo-stem
деdewhereparticle ●
дебелdebelfatadjective ● hard stem
дебнаdebnaseekverb ● e-verb
деваdevamaidennoun ● ā-stemCS děva
деветdevetninenumeral ● i-stem
девицаdevicamaidennoun ● jā-stem
девицинdevicinof a maidennoun ● hard stem
девическиdevičeskiof a maidenadjective ● hard stem
девичествоdevičestvomaidenhoodnoun ● o-stem
девичиdevičiof a maidenadjective ● hard stem
девойкаdevoikamaidennoun ● ā-stem
девствоdevstvovirginitynoun ● o-stem
декемвриdekemvriDecembernoun ● new i-stem
декнаdeknaquarrelverb ● e-verbBAN I 334: dekam, dekvam, dekna 'karam se, vikam', < de (2) 'meždumetie za podkarvane na dobiče', (3) 'častica za podkanvane'
делоdelodeed, worknoun ● o-stemCS dělo
деляdeljapartverb ● i-verb
демонскиdemonskidemonicadjective ● hard stem
денdendaynoun ● o-stemCS dьnь is irregulary inflected, with traces of i-, jo- and n-stem forms in the paradigm. Punčo uses pl. form dni.
денницаdennicamorning starnoun ● jā-stem
денѫтиděnǫtiput down, be calmverb ● e-verbMiklosich: děnǫti sę 'se ponere'
дераderatearverb ● e-verb
дерзаяderzajadare, proceed with confidenceverb ● e-verbMiklosich: drъzati 'audere, confidere'. The word was re-borrowed from Russian or rus. CS, cf. rechnik.chitanka: derzaja 'smelo se stremja kъm nešto blagorodno'.
десенdesenright (side)adjective ● hard stemCS desьnъ
десетdesettennumeral ● i-stem
десетиdesetitenthadjective ● hard stem
десетилетенdesetiletenten-year oldadjective ● hard stem
десницаdesnicaright handnoun ● jā-stem
детеdetechildnoun ● nt-stem
детенцеdetencechildnoun ● nt-stem
детинскиdetinskiof childrenadjective ● hard stem
детищеdetištechildnoun ● jo-stem
деткоdetkochildnoun ● o-stem
детоdetowhichpronoun ● A common relative pronoun based on kъde-to 'where'.
дечанскиdečanskiof Dečaniadjective ● hard stem
деяниеdejaniedeedsnoun ● jo-stemCS dějanie
джалатинdžalatinexecutionernoun ● ethno-stemGoogle: tr. cellat 'executioner'
джамияdžamijamosquenoun ● jā-stem
джевапdževapanswernoun ● o-stemRBE: link, < tr. cevap. Punčo uses form džuvap.
дивdivwondernoun ● monosyllabic
див (2)div (2)wildadjective ● hard stem
диванdivanservice, couchnoun ● o-stemAttested in a phrase ta mu stojatь na divan 'and they stay ready to serve him' (PPS 038).
дивенdivenwonderfuladjective ● hard stem
дивяdivjabe amazedverb ● i-verb
дигамdigamraiseverb ● a-verb
дигнаdignaraiseverb ● e-verb
ДиевошькоридияDievošьkoridiaDiscordianoun ● jā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Likely the Latin name of Eris. It does not appear in the editions of Jagić and Pypin.
димdimsmokenoun ● monosyllabicCS dymъ (an o-stem).
ДимитрийDimitriiDemetriusnoun ● new i-stemLemma based on Demina (et al. 2012:191). Commonly spelled Dimitria by Punčo, Dimitrie in Tixon.d.; in st. BG Dimitria is used alongside more common Dimitъr.
димяdimjasmokeverb ● i-verb
ДиоклитианDioklitianDiocletiannoun ● o-stemThe name is originally Greek (Dioklēs), and Punčo also uses a Greek-based form. St. BG seems to prefer Dioklecian today.
ДиоклитиановDioklitianovof Diocletianadjective ● hard stem
дипdipenoughadverb ● Carski's word. BAN I 394: dip 'mnogo, dosta, tvъrde' < tr. dip 'dъno, osnova', srv. tr. dip diri 'sъvsem zdrav'
диряdirjasearchverb ● i-verb
диханиеdixaniebreath, animalnoun ● jo-stemCS
ДицевDicevDiceusnoun ● o-stem
дишамdišambreatheverb ● a-verb
длъжникdlъžnikdebtornoun ● o-stem
длъжнинаdlъžninadebtnoun ● ā-stem
длъжноdlъžnolengthnoun ● o-stemCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
днесdnestodayadverb ●
днескаdneskatodayadverb ●
днешенdnešencontemporaryadjective ● hard stemCS dьnьšьnii (usually a long-form). On the basis of nyněšьnь 'contemporary' (see below) and domašьnь 'of the house', Lunt (2001:179) reconstructs the deadverbial suffix -šьnj-, which may have replaced the original form dьnьsьnii, which appears in older sources (SJS, link), built with the relational suffix -ьn-.
доdountilpreposition ● with gen
добивdobivgainnoun ● o-stem
добитъкdobitъkcattlenoun ● o-stem
добичеdobičecattlenoun ● nt-stem
добияdobijagainverb ● e-verb
добльdoblьbraveadjective ● soft stemCS
доболеяdobolejabecome illverb ● e-verb
добреdobrewelladverb ● CS dobrě
добринаdobrinagoodnoun ● ā-stem
ДобрицаDobricaDobritsanoun ● ā-stem
доброdobrogoodness, goodsnoun ● o-stem
доброволенdobrovolenvoluntary, piousadjective ● hard stemModern BG sense likely based on RU. In Berl.d., it is likely a custom translation of CS blagogověin 'pious'.
добродетелdobrodetelvirtuenoun ● i-stemCS dobrodětělь 'aretē, virtus' or 'euergesia, beneficium' should be distinguished from dobrodětelь 'euergetēs, beneficus'. The former meaning (and gender) is also attested in modern BG.
доброличенdobroličenhaving a pretty faceadjective ● hard stem
добромиризливdobromirizlivhaving a nice scentadjective ● hard stemRBE: link
доброполученdobropolučenfortunateadjective ● hard stem
доброработенdobrorabotenbeneficialadjective ● hard stemNot in dictionaries, likely a custom translation of CS blagoděten.
доброструваниеdobrostruvaniegood deedsnoun ● jo-stemNot in dictionaries, likely a custom translation of CS blagotvorenie.
добротаdobrotagoodness, beautynoun ● ā-stemCS
доброуменdobroumensoothing, cleveradjective ● hard stemMiklosich: dobrooumьnъ 'thelxinous, animum demulcens'
добърdobъrgoodadjective ● hard stem
доведаdovedalead inverb ● e-verb
довезаdovezabring in by a vehicleverb ● e-verb
довлѣтиdovlětibe able, sufficeverb ● e-verbCS
доволенdovolensatisfiedadjective ● hard stem
доволноdovolnowell enoughadverb ●
довършаdovъršafinishverb ● i-verb
довършавамdovъršavamfinishverb ● a-verb
догдеdogdeuntilpronoun ●
договарамdogovaramgive adviceverb ● a-verb
ДоговардDogovardDagobertnoun ● o-stemPaisius' spelling of the name of two Frankish kings: Dagobert (ruling 629-634), who was also known for his wars against the Slavic chieftain Samo, and his grandson, ruling only Austrasia in 670s. Punčo writes drugogo varda (< *drugogo Dogovarda ?).
договорdogovoragreementnoun ● o-stem
договоренdogovorencapable of advice, compromiseadjective ● hard stem
договоряdogovorjagive adviceverb ● i-verb
доградяdogradjafinish buildingverb ● i-verb
додамdodamsupplyverb ● irregular
додевамdodevamannoyverb ● a-verbCarski's word. Wiktionary: MK dodevam 'bother, annoy'
додумувамdodumuvamconspireverb ● a-verbA reflexive verb used by Punčo.
дожаляdožaljapityverb ● i-verb
дойдаdoidacomeverb ● e-verb
дойчикdoičikmilk-brothernoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
докарамdokarambring in by a vehicleverb ● a-verb
докачаdokačareachverb ● i-verb
доклеdokleuntilpronoun ●
докогаdokogauntil whenpronoun ●
докогиdokogiuntil whenpronoun ● Dialectal variant of dokoga (cf. BAN II 515).
доколеdokoleuntil whenpronoun ● CS dokolě
долdolvalleynoun ● monosyllabic
ДоланDolanDelyannoun ● o-stem
долеdoledownadverb ●
доленdolenlow, insiduousadjective ● hard stem
долноdolnolowly, insiduouslyadverb ●
долуdoludownwardadverb ●
домdomhousenoun ● monosyllabicA u-stem in CS. The form (u) doma is tagged as sg.gen, likely showing a generalized o-stem ending. The nominal form in OCS was domu - but already besides adverbial doma (SJS: link). Olander (2015:173) mentions interpretations of the form as an irregular sg.loc, maybe an old allative (Fortson 2004:105) reinterpreted as static location?
домакинdomakinlandlordnoun ● o-stem
домашенdomašenof houseadjective ● hard stem
домилеяdomilejastir emotionverb ● e-verb
ДоминикDominikDominicnoun ● o-stemWritten Dominico by Carski.
домисливdomislivcleveradjective ● hard stem
домисляdomisljathink out, imagineverb ● i-verb
донесаdonesabring inverb ● e-verb
доньдежеdonьdežeuntilpronoun ● CS
доплувамdopluvamswim, sailverb ● a-verb
доплъзяdoplъzjacrawl inverb ● i-verb
допратяdopratjasend inverb ● i-verb
допꙋститиdopustitisendverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
дораснаdorasnagrow upverb ● e-verb
дориdorieven ifparticle ●
досадаdosadaannoyancenoun ● ā-stem
досадяdosadjaannoyverb ● i-verb
досаждамdosaždamannoyverb ● a-verb
досаждениеdosaždenieannoyancenoun ● jo-stem
досвидеяdosvidejalike too muchverb ● i-verbUnclear; makedonski.info: svidi 'like'
досегнаdosegnatouch, reachverb ● e-verb
досетливdosetlivable to understandadjective ● hard stem
досетяdosetjaunderstandverb ● i-verb
досещамdoseštamunderstandverb ● a-verb
дососамdososambe enoughverb ● a-verbDemina et al. 926: sosam 'dostatъčen sъm, stigam'
досрамяdosramjabe ashamedverb ● i-verb
досредdosredreaching the middlepreposition ● with gen
достdostfriendnoun ● monosyllabicCarski's word. Mauricio: dost 'amico' (< tr.)
достаdostaenoughadverb ●
достасамdostasamreachverb ● a-verbmakedonski.info: dostasa 'overtake, reach, arrive, suffice'
достигнаdostignareachverb ● e-verb
достоенdostoenworthyadjective ● hard stemCS dostoinъ - the CS spelling is preferred by Punčo too. Verb dostojati has a different meaning, expressing obligation (Miklosich: 'dein, oportere').
достолепенdostolepenwonderfuladjective ● hard stemCS dostolěpьnъ 'axioprēpes, decorus'
достолепноdostolepnowonderfullyadverb ●
достопочетенdostopočetenworthy of respectadjective ● hard stem
достофалноdostofalnoworthily of praiseadverb ● Punčo's spelling of CS dostoxvalьno.
достохваленdostoxvalenworthy of praiseadjective ● hard stemCS
достояниеdostojanieworth, inheritancenoun ● jo-stem
достоятиdostojatimustverb ● e-verbCS; often in impersonal construction, e.g. dostoit nam 'we must'.
дотрайваdotraivamsuffice, endverb ● a-verb
дотраяdotrajasufficeverb ● e-verb
дотърчаdotъrčarun inverb ● i-verb
доумѣтиdouměticomprehendverb ● e-verbCS
дохождамdoxoždamcome oftenverb ● a-verb
ДохярDoxiarDocheiariosnoun ● o-stemName of a monastery on Mt. Athos.
дочакамdočakamwaitverb ● a-verb
дочуяdočujareceive newsverb ● e-verb
драгdragdear, expensiveadjective ● hard stem
ДрагичDragičDragichnoun ● jo-stemA king of Bulgars mentioned by Paisius. The name also appears in Orbini's chronicle. According to Nikolov (2014), Latin translator of Theophanes the Confessor misinterpreted GR drouggoi 'retainers' as a name (Droggo), which was then Slavicized by Orbini. The name reminds of Dragoş, founder of Moldavia, but this is hardly related.
драгоdragodearlyadverb ●
драмdramdram, dirhamnoun ● o-stemAn Ottoman unit of weight, equal to 1/400 oka or 1/312 kg.
драмскиdramskiof Dramaadjective ● hard stemDrama, city in Greek part of Macedonia.
ДрачDračDyrrhachiumnoun ● jo-stemModern-day Durrës in Albania.
дремливdremlivsleepyadjective ● hard stem
дремяdremjadozeverb ● e-verbCS drěmati. The jat is still to see in aor-stem forms like drjamax, drjamal.
дрехаdrexaclothing, coatnoun ● ā-stemBAN I 426: drexa '(gorno) obleklo'
дробенdrobenlittle, in detailadjective ● hard stem
другdrugotheradjective ● hard stemAccording to SJS, the hard-stem adjectival declension is common in OCS sources too, save for Sav.k., where pronominal forms like drugomu appear.
друг (2)drug (2)friendnoun ● o-stemCS
другакdrugakotherwiseadverb ●
другарdrugarcomradenoun ● jo-stem
другошdrugošanother timeadverb ● RBE: link
другувамdruguvambefriendverb ● a-verb
дружинаdružinaband, retinuenoun ● jā-stemrechnik.chitanka: družina 'grupa xora, koito vremenno imat obšto zanimanie'. Cf. also Derksen 2008:122.
дружкаdružkacompanion, friendnoun ● ā-stem
друмdrumwaynoun ● monosyllabicrechnik.chitanka: drum 'pъt'
дръвцеdrъvcepiece of woodnoun ● nt-stem
дръзновениеdrъznoveniedaringnoun ● jo-stem
дръпнаdrъpnapullverb ● e-verb
дудовdudovof mulberryadjective ● hard stem
ДудомаDudomaDudomanoun ● ā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Unclear location, Pypin has do doma instead.
дукаdukadukenoun ● ā-stemCarski: Duca
думаdumawordnoun ● ā-stem
думамdumamspeakverb ● a-verbAn e-verb in CS (Miklosich: 2sg.prs dumaješi).
ДунавDunavDanubenoun ● o-stem
дупкаdupkaholenoun ● ā-stem
духduxspiritnoun ● monosyllabic
духарскиduxarskiof Docheiariosadjective ● hard stem
духнаduxnablowverb ● e-verb
духоборецduxoborecenemy of the spiritnoun ● jo-stemMiklosich: duxoborьcь 'pneumatomakhos, spiritui repugnans'. This pejorative term denotes specifically the followers of Macedonius, Arian bishop of Constantinople in 342 AD, who denied godhood of Holy Spirit. The teaching was declared a heresy - along with Arianism - by the First Council of Constantinople in 381.
духовенduxovenspiritualadjective ● hard stem
духовникduxovnikclericnoun ● o-stem
душаdušasoulnoun ● jā-stem
душевенduševenof souladjective ● hard stem
душегубенdušegubensoul-ruiningadjective ● hard stem
душманинdušmaninenemynoun ● ethno-stemCarski: duscmanin (but Mauricio: Duscman 'nemico'). Google: tr. düşman 'enemy'
душманскиdušmanskienemyadjective ● hard stem
дъгаdъgarainbownoun ● ā-stem
дъждdъždrainnoun ● monosyllabic
дълбинаdъlbinadepthnoun ● ā-stem
дълбокdъlbokdeepadjective ● hard stem
дълбокоdъlbokodeeplyadverb ●
дългоdъlgofor longadverb ●
дълготаdъlgotalengthnoun ● ā-stem
дълженdъlženindebted, requiredadjective ● hard stemCS dlъžьnъ. When used as a modal verb in clauses like si dlъženъ da ju pretrъpišъ 'you have to suffer her', dlъžen is tagged as auxiliary and the 'be'-verb as copula.
дължинаdъlžinalengthnoun ● ā-stem
дълъгdъlъglongadjective ● hard stemCS dlьgъ - of course, dlъgъ is attested too (lemma in Miklosich has ъ in root too), but an ь is plausible due to Lith. ilgas 'long' (Derksen 2008:133).
дъноdъnobottomnoun ● o-stem
дървоdъrvowood, treenoun ● nt-stemCS drěvo (an s-stem) or plurale tantum drъva
държаdъržaholdverb ● i-verb
държаваdъržavadomain, statenoun ● ā-stemCS drъžava
държавенdъržavenof the stateadjective ● hard stem
дързостdъrzostdaringnoun ● i-stem
дърпамdъrpampullverb ● a-verb
дъскаdъskaboardnoun ● ā-stem
дъщерdъšterdaughternoun ● i-stemOriginally sg.acc of CS dъšti (r-stem).
дъщеринdъšterinof daughteradjective ● hard stem
дъщеркаdъšterkadaughternoun ● ā-stem
дъщеряdъšterjadaughternoun ● jā-stemCS dъšti (r-stem)
дюкянdjukjanstorenoun ● o-stemAn ancient wandering word. BAN I 468: djukjan 'magazin, prodavnica' < tr. dükkan < ar. dukkān. Wiktionary: < ak. takkanu 'dais, platform, bench' < sum. daggan 'chamber, doorway or its niche in wall'
дюкянджияdjukjandžijastore ownernoun ● new i-stem
дюменджияdjumendžijahelmsmannoun ● new i-stemBAN I 469: djumen 'kormilo', djumendžija 'kormčija', < tr. dümen < it. timon(e)
дяволdiavoldevilnoun ● o-stem
дяволскиdiavolskidevilishadjective ● hard stem
дяконdjakondeaconnoun ● o-stem
дялdělpartnoun ● monosyllabic
дѣиствоватиděistvovatiactverb ● e-verbCS
дѣлбаdělbadistributionnoun ● ā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
ДѣлонDělonDolonnoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Written delo in Vat.slav.2 (possibly interpreted as a war machine, like in SK delo 'cannon' ?), but the Jagić's edition has Dělon' vaxtarь.
дѣятиdějatidoverb ● e-verbCS; 1sg dějǫ, 2sg děješi
Also used for the negative imperative auxiliary (ne) dei.
ЕваEvaEvenoun ● ā-stem
ЕвагрийEvagriiEvagriusnoun ● new i-stem
евангелиеevangelieGospelnoun ● jo-stem
евангелистevangelistEvangelistnoun ● o-stem
евангелскиevangelskiof Gospeladjective ● hard stem
ЕверEverEbernoun ● o-stem
евилатскиevilatskiof Havilahadjective ● hard stemThe land around the river Pishon (Gen 2:11). It is usually located in today's Somalia or Saudi Arabia (wiki).
ЕвинEvinEve'sadjective ● hard stem
евоevobehold!particle ●
еврейнevreinJew, Hebrewnoun ● ethno-stemPunčo uses both evree and evrei as pl.nom.
еврейновevreinovJew'sadjective ● hard stem
еврейскиevreiskiof Jews, Hebrewsadjective ● hard stem
евреянкаevrejankaJewish womannoun ● ā-stem
ЕвропаEvropaEuropenoun ● ā-stem
ЕвсторгийEvstorgiiEustorgiusnoun ● new i-stem
ЕвтимийEvtimiiEuthymiusnoun ● new i-stem
ЕвтропияEvtropiaEutropianoun ● jā-stemAnother name of Hector's wife (besides Androfia) in the Legend of Troy.
ЕвулаEvulaEubulanoun ● ā-stem
ЕвфимияEvfimijaEuphemianoun ● jā-stem
ЕвфимиянEvfimianEuphemianusnoun ● hard stem
ЕвфимияновEvfimianovof Euphemianusadjective ● hard stem
ЕвфросинEvfrosinEuphrosynusnoun ● o-stem
ЕвфросиновEvfrosinovof Euphrosynusadjective ● hard stem
егдаegdawhenpronoun ● CS
ЕгипетEgipetEgyptnoun ● o-stem
египетскиegipetskiof Egyptadjective ● hard stem
египтянинegiptěninEgyptiannoun ● ethno-stem
еговegovhisadjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy. An earlier variant of negov.
егыegywhenpronoun ● From the Legend of Troy. A variant of CS egda. Sometimes used as the interrogative counterpart of togy.
едаedaif ever, whetherparticle ● CS (but also cf. BAN I 477). In the construction eda kako 'da ne bi, može bi' (EuthDict: link), appearing in the Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael, the particle is interpreted as an auxiliary.
едвамedvamhardlyadverb ● CS edva
ЕдемEdemEdennoun ● o-stem
ЕдесEdesEdessanoun ● o-stemBG Edesa - used both for the ancient city in Greek Macedonia, also called Voden, and the city in Turkish part of ancient Syria. Punčo handles it as an o-stem.
едиedisomepronoun ● Used (by Carski) in a phrase idi od coi jabangia 'of one stranger' - technically, an inflected (or infixed?) form of edi-koi.
единedinoneadjective ● hard stemActually a cardinal numeral (Ml), often used as an indefinite pronoun too.
единоматеренedinomaterenborn by one motheradjective ● hard stem
единороденedinorodenonly born, related by bloodadjective ● hard stem
единосѫщьнъedinosǫštьnъconsubstantialadjective ● hard stemCS; Miklosich: jedinosǫštьnъ 'homoousios, consubstantialis'
еднакednakonceadverb ● The lemma may seem etymologically clear, but it is not found in dictionaries. Demina (et al. 2012:256) and BAN (I 479) mention only ednakvo. Miklosich mentions adjectives jedinakъ 'ho autos, idem', also spelled ednakь, but the word in Tixon. and Ljub.d. seems to be used as an adverb (here). On the same position, we find blagopolučno in the CS version (here), which does not help much. The editor of NBKM 1064 replaces it with jošti (here).
еднакъвednakъvof the same sortadjective ● hard stem
едноименникednoimennikbearer of the same namenoun ● o-stem
ЕдренеEdreneAdrianoplenoun ● uninflected
ЕжеонаEžeonaHesionenoun ● ā-stem
езавezavsicklyadjective ● hard stemDemina et al. 2012:257 - ezav 'nedъgav, kojto strada ot telesna slabost, nemošten'
езерezerchasmnoun ● o-stemBAN I 482: ezer 'karstov planinski ponor' (Osogovo)
езероezerolakenoun ● o-stem
езикeziklanguage, tonguenoun ● o-stemCS językъ also 'nation'.
езичникezičnikheathennoun ● o-stem
ейeiyesparticle ● CS
ЕкторEktorHectornoun ● o-stem
ЕкторовEktorovof Hectoradjective ● hard stem
елаelacome!verb ● irregularHas only two imperative forms (2sg and 2pl), both borrowed from Greek (BAN I 488).
ела (2)ela (2)firnoun ● ā-stem
елейeleioilnoun ● jo-stem
еленelendeernoun ● o-stem
ЕленаElenaHelennoun ● ā-stem
ЕленинEleninof Helenadjective ● hard stem
ЕленушElenušHelenusnoun ● jo-stemRuseva uses lemma Elinoušъ 'Xelen', which is etymologically plausible, but not attested in the Legend of Troy, preferring the spelling Elěnoušь.
ЕлзавелаElzavelaJezebelnoun ● ā-stemPunčo's spelling of the name. CS Jezavelь (4 Kings 16:31, Supr.), also reflected in BG Ezavel, is an i-stem.
ЕлзавелинElzavelinof Jezebeladjective ● hard stem
елиeliwhetherparticle ●
еликоelikoas muchpronoun ● CS
елинецelinecpagan, Greeknoun ● jo-stem
елининelininpagan, Greeknoun ● ethno-stemPunčo uses sometimes sg.nom elinь too.
елинскиelinskiof pagans, Greeksadjective ● hard stem
ЕлисаветаElisavetaElisabethnoun ● ā-stemMother of John the Baptist (Lk 1:13).
ЕлисаветинElisavetinof Elisabethadjective ● hard stem
ЕлисейEliseiElishanoun ● new i-stemA jo-stem in CS. Punčo commonly uses the form eliseju for both direct (save for one instance with -ja) and indirect objects, and the vocative form is elisee.
ЕмануилEmanuilImmanuelnoun ● o-stemA prophetic name mentioned in Is 7:14, attributed to Jesus Christ in Mt 1:23.
емерemeremernoun ● o-stemwiktionary: tr. emir 'command, order'
еничарeničarjanissarynoun ● o-stemPaisus: pl. janičari
ЕносEnosEnosnoun ● o-stemA biblical patriarch (3rd gen.)
ЕносовEnosovEnos'adjective ● hard stem
ЕнохEnoxEnochnoun ● o-stemA biblical patriarch (7th gen.)
ЕноховEnoxovEnoch'sadjective ● hard stem
епархияeparxijaeparchynoun ● jā-stem
ЕпиватEpivatEpibatesnoun ● o-stemModern day Selimpaşa in the Silivri district in the suburbs of Istanbul (wiki). Greek name is actually a plural, which is also reflected in some Slavic texts.
епиватскиepivatskiof Epibatesadjective ● hard stem
епископepiskopbishopnoun ● o-stemUsually abbreviated (ep͒kpь).
ЕпифанийEpifaniiEpiphaniusnoun ● new i-stem
ереerethatconjunction ● CS
ерейereipriestnoun ● jo-stemwiktionary: gr. hiereus 'priest'
ерействоereistvopriesthoodnoun ● o-stem
ересeresheresynoun ● i-stem
еретикeretikhereticnoun ● o-stem
ЕрихонErixonJerichonoun ● o-stemCS Ierixonъ
ЕрмеаErmeaHermesnoun ● new i-stemBG Xermes. Attested in Punčo in an oblique form erъmea.
ЕрмипонErmiponHermippusnoun ● o-stem
ЕрмократErmokratHermocratesnoun ● o-stem
ЕрмолайErmolaiHermolausnoun ● new i-stem
естествоestestvonaturenoun ● o-stem
етеetebehold!particle ● demonstrative
ЕтенорEtenorAntenornoun ● o-stem
етиопскиetiopskiof Ethiopiaadjective ● hard stem
етоetobehold!particle ●
ЕфесEfesEphesusnoun ● o-stem
ЕфратEfratEuphratesnoun ●
ехтенеexteneresonancenoun ● jo-stem
ечменečmenof barleyadjective ● hard stem
ешкеряeškerjaapparentlyadverb ● Carski: esckere. BAN I 518: eš(i)kerja 'javno, otkrito' < tr. aşikâre
ещеešteyetadverb ● CS variant of ošte.
жаденžаdenthirstyadjective ● hard stem
жаденžadenthirstyadjective ● hard stem
жалžalsorrownoun ● i-stem
жалбаžalbasorrownoun ● ā-stem
жалвамžalvamcomplain, lamentverb ● a-verbCS žalovati
жаленžalensorrowfuladjective ● hard stem
жалноžalnosadlyadverb ●
жалновитžalnovitmiserable, pooradjective ● hard stemCarski: xialnovit. Mauricio: Xalnovit 'mesto, addolarata'
жаловитžalovitsorrowfuladjective ● hard stemRBE: link
жалостžalostsorrownoun ● i-stem
жалостенžalostensadadjective ● hard stem
жалостноžalostnosadlyadverb ●
жаляžaljabe sad, careverb ● i-verbThe second meaning comes in phrases like pošto ne žališь svoego života
жеžeand, alsoparticle ● CS
ЖевгаŽevgaZeusnoun ● ā-stemA theonym of unclear etymology (CS has Zeѵsъ or Zeusъ), appearing along Baal and Asclepius in Punčo's text.
жегаžegaheatnoun ● ā-stem
жежъкžežъkhotadjective ● hard stem
желаниеželaniewishnoun ● jo-stem
желателенželatelendesirableadjective ● hard stem
желаяželajadesire, wishverb ● e-verb
железенželězenironadjective ● hard stem
желязоželězoironnoun ● o-stem
женаženawomannoun ● ā-stem
женитбаženitbaweddingnoun ● ā-stem
женихženixbridegroomnoun ● o-stem
жениховženixovof bridegroomadjective ● hard stem
женскиženskifemaleadjective ● hard stem
женяženjamarryverb ● i-verb
ЖеробонŽerobonEurymedonnoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Ruseva (2011:86) - Žerobon 'Jerebona'. Veselovskij (1888:83) traces the passage to Ovid (Metamorphoses 13:171), who has Lesbon, i.e. the place of the fight, not the warrior. The same can be said about other characters of the passage: Tenes the Lancer (island of Tenedos) and Skadrion (River Skamander or Xanthos).
жертваžertvasacrifice, victimnoun ● jā-stem
жетваžetvaharvestnoun ● ā-stem
жетварžetvarharvesternoun ● jo-stem
жехчинаžexčinaheatnoun ● ā-stemNot found in available dictionaries.
жещиžeštiburnverb ● e-verbCS; Miklosich: žešti, 1sg.prs žegǫ, 2sg žežeši 'urere, accendere'
живživaliveadjective ● hard stem
живеницаživenicascrofulanoun ● jā-stem
живеяživejaliveverb ● e-verb
живинаživinacreaturenoun ● ā-stem
живитиživitifeedverb ● i-verbCS?
животživotlifenoun ● o-stem
животворяživotvorjagive lifeverb ● i-verbRBE: link
животенživotenof lifeadjective ● hard stem
животувамživotuvamspend lifeverb ● a-verb
живувамživuvamlive togetherverb ● a-verbRBE: link
жидовинžidovinJewnoun ● ethno-stem
жизньžiznьlifenoun ● i-stemCS
жилаžilavein, sinewnoun ● ā-stem
жиндолžindolvalleynoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Ruseva: žindol 'dolina', Pypin: udolь.
жительствоžitelьstvolivingnoun ● o-stemCS
жительствоватиžitelьstvovatidwellverb ● e-verbCS
житенžitenof grainadjective ● hard stem
житиеžitielifenoun ● jo-stemCS; Both žitie and žiznь mean 'zōē, vita', the first could also denote 'biography' (or žizneopisanie). In simpler words here.
житницаžitnicabarnnoun ● jā-stem
житоžitocrops, grainnoun ● o-stem
жлъчžlъčbile, angernoun ● i-stemMiklosich: žlъčь 'xolē, bilis'. Punčo seems to use the CS sense, not BG žlъč 'hate'.
жребеžrebelotnoun ● nt-stem
жупанžupanzhupannoun ● jo-stem
жълтžъltyellowadjective ● hard stem
жълтицаžъlticagolden coinnoun ● jā-stem
жънаžъnaharvestverb ● e-verb
жѧлоžęlostingnoun ● o-stemCS
заzafor, aboutpreposition ● with acc
забавяzabavjaslow, lose timeverb ● i-verb
забавямzabavjamslow, lose timeverb ● a-verb
забитинzabitinofficernoun ● o-stemBAN I 569: zabit(in) 'pazač, vardač; upravitel, < tr. zabit < ar. ḍābiṭ
забияzabijahitverb ● e-verb
заблѫдитиzablǫditigo astrayverb ● i-verbCS
забравяzabravjaforgetverb ● i-verb
забраняzabranjapreventverb ● i-verb
забыватиzabyvatiforgetverb ● e-verbCS
заваряzavarjameetverb ● i-verb
заведаzavedalead, bringverb ● e-verb
завесаzavesacurtainnoun ● ā-stem
заветzavettestamentnoun ● o-stemCS zavětъ
завидвамzavidvambe enviousverb ● a-verb
завидливzavidlivenviousadjective ● hard stem
завидникzavidnikenviernoun ● o-stem
завидяzavidjabe enviousverb ● i-verb
завистzavistenvynoun ● i-stem
завистникzavistnikenviousnoun ● o-stem
завлечаzavlečabring by pullingverb ● e-verb
завържаzavъržabindverb ● e-verb
завъртяzavъrtjashake, rollverb ● i-verb
ЗагориеZagorieZagorenoun ● jo-stemThe region on Upper Thracian Plain around Stara Zagora.
заградяzagradjaclose, put a fence, buildverb ● i-verbThe meaning 'to build' is expressed in BG with sъgradja, but Punčo uses the prefix za-.
загрижаzagrižacareverb ● i-verb
загубвамzagubvamloseverb ● a-verb
загубяzagubjaloseverb ● i-verb
загърмяzagъrmjathunderverb ● i-verb
задzadbehindpreposition ● with inst (locative) or acc (lative)
задимяzadimjabecome smokedverb ● i-verb
задържаzadъržahold, controlverb ● e-verb
заедноzaednotogetheradverb ●
заемzaemloannoun ● o-stem
заемаzaemaborrowverb ● e-verb
зазидамzazidambuildverb ● a-verb
зайдаzaidago away, set (sun)verb ● e-verb
займодавецzaimodaveclendernoun ● jo-stemCS
заклинамzaklinamswearverb ● a-verb
заключаzaključalockverb ● i-verb
заковаzakovaforge inverb ● e-verb
заколениеzakolenieslaughternoun ● jo-stem
заколяzakoljaslaughterverb ● i-verb
законzakonlawnoun ● o-stem
законопрѣстѫпьникъzakonoprěstǫpьniklaw breakernoun ● o-stemCS
закопаяzakopajadig inverb ● e-verb
закопувамzakopuvamdig inverb ● a-verb
закриляzakriljaprotectverb ● i-verb
закрилянеzakrilěneprotectionnoun ● jo-stem
закрияzakrijacoververb ● e-verb
закупувамzakupuvambuyverb ● a-verb
закълнаzakъlnaswearverb ● e-verb
закълнявамzakъlnjavamswearverb ● a-verbCarski: 1sg.prs zakalnevam ti se 'I swear to you'
заламинzalamintyrantnoun ● ethno-stemCarski's word. Google: azer. zalım 'tyrant'. Nisanyan: tr. zalim < ar. ẓālim 'zulmeden, zorba' (ẓalama 'persecute').
залогzalogdepositnoun ● o-stem
заложаzaložalay a betverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy. The attested phrase založi svoǫ glavǫ na sręštǫ may mean 'he laid his head at risk'.
залудеяzaludejabecome madverb ● e-verb
залудоzaludoin vainadverb ● BAN I 595: zaludo 'naprazno, bez polza' < za + lud
заманzamantime, constantlynoun ● uninflectedUsed by Punčo as an adverb. Nisanyan: tr. zaman < ar./per. zamān < akk. simānu 'belirli bir gün ve zaman'.
замартуришаzamarturišatestifyverb ● e-verbLikely a Punčo's word, used as 3sg.prf zamarturiše, translating posluxa postavi.
замахнаzamaxnawaveverb ● e-verb
замаяzamajabecome dizzyverb ● e-verb
заминаzaminamiss, pass aroundverb ● e-verb
заминувамzaminuvammiss, pass aroundverb ● a-verb
замиришаzamirišaperceive by smellverb ● e-verb
замисляzamisljathinkverb ● i-verb
замръкнаzamrъknaawait eveningverb ● e-verb
занаятzanajatprofessionnoun ● o-stem
занеzanebecauseconjunction ● za + n-je lit. 'for it(s sake)'
занесаzanesabringverb ● e-verb
заносяzanosjabringverb ● i-verb
заоутраzautrain the morningadverb ● From the Legend of Troy.
западzapadWestnoun ● o-stem
западенzapadenwesternadjective ● hard stem
западнаzapadnafall, stumbleverb ● e-verb
запаляzapaljaigniteverb ● i-verb
запечатяzapečatjasealverb ● i-verb
запеяzapejasingverb ● e-verb
запинателzapinatelmaker of hindrancesnoun ● jo-stemMiklosich: zapinatelь 'empodistēs, qui impedimento est'
запирамzapiramstopverb ● a-verb
запишаzapišawrite downverb ● e-verb
запищяzapištjasquealverb ● i-verb
заплатаzaplatapaynoun ● ā-stem
заплачаzaplačacryverb ● e-verb
заплашаzaplašascareverb ● i-verb
заповедzapovědcommandnoun ● o-stem
заповядамzapovědamcommandverb ● a-verb
заповядвамzapovědvamcommandverb ● a-verb
започнаzapočnabeginverb ● e-verb
запраzaprastop, incarcerate, forbidverb ● e-verb
запратяzapratjasendverb ● i-verb
запретяzapretjaforbidverb ● i-verb
запустениеzapusteniedesolationnoun ● jo-stem
запустяzapustjafall into desolationverb ● i-verb
запчияzapčijatax collectornoun ● new i-stemBAN I 605: zaptie, zapčija 'turski stražar' (< tr. zaptiye < ar. ḍabṭīya); rum. ostar. zapcii 'sъbiram danъci'
зарадвамzaradvamrejoiceverb ● a-verb
зарадиzaradiforpreposition ● CS za+radi - the first element governs accusative, and the second, genitive
заранzaranearly morningnoun ● i-stem
заринаzarinadig inverb ● e-verb
заръчамzarъčamcommandverb ● a-verb
заряzarjashine, glarenoun ● jā-stem
заседнаzasednabesiegeverb ● e-verb
заселяzaseljasettleverb ● i-verb
заскърцамzaskъrcamgnashverb ● a-verb
заслепвамzaslepvammake blindverb ● a-verb
заслепнаzaslepnamake blindverb ● e-verb
засмеяzasmějalaughverb ● e-verb
заспивамzaspivamfall asleepverb ● a-verb
заспяzaspjafall asleepverb ● i-verb
засраменоzasramenoashamedadverb ●
засрамяzasramjabe ashamedverb ● i-verb
заставаzastavaflagnoun ● ā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
застареяzastarejabecome oldverb ● e-verb
заступлениеzastupleniedefence, protectionnoun ● jo-stemMiklosich: zastǫpljenije 'antilēpsis, opitulatio'
застъпницаzastъpnicaguardian, advocate (fem.)noun ● jā-stemCS zastǫpьnica
застъпяzastъpjaprotectverb ● i-verb
затварямzatvarjamcloseverb ● a-verb
затворецzatvorecprisonnoun ● jo-stem
затворникzatvornikprisonernoun ● o-stem
затворяzatvorjaclose, incarcerateverb ● i-verb
затвърдяzatvъrdjahardenverb ● i-verb
затискамzatiskampushverb ● a-verb
затоzatothusconjunction ● Can be analyzed za(radi) + to(va) lit. 'for that(´s sake)' - thus done, if the elements are separated in text.
затоваzatovathusconjunction ●
затрияzatrijadestroy, deleteverb ● e-verb
зафаляzafaljacelebrateverb ● i-verb
зафърляzafъrljathrow awayverb ● i-verb
захаринZaxarinZechariah'sadjective ● hard stem
ЗахаряZaxariaZechariahnoun ● new i-stem
заходzaxodsunsetnoun ● o-stem
захраняzaxranjafeedverb ● i-verb
заченаzačenaconceiveverb ● e-verbCS začęti
зачувамzačuvamsaveverb ● a-verbThe meaning used by Punčo differs from BG začuvam 'čuvam otdaleč nešto tixo, nejasno'.
зачудяzačudjabe amazedverb ● i-verbReflexive - začudja se
защитяzaštitjadefendverb ● i-verb
защоzaštoforconjunction ● Used commonly with the relative meaning of zaštoto. Could be also analyzed as an interrogative pronoun. Sometimes, Paisius (and Punčo) uses it in the consequent meaning 'that' - like što or če. See čto for etymology.
защотоzaštotobecauseconjunction ● The second -to is, of course, younger.
звездаzvezdastarnoun ● ā-stemCS źvězda
звездочетецzvezdočetecastrologernoun ● jo-stemCS
звокотzvokotclatternoun ● o-stemPunčo: gde e zlateni i srebreni zvokotь. Unclear, the word can be found with the given meaning in some Croatian varieties, e.g. in a poem by Vetranović (link, †1576). The use in MK (e.g. here) may be due to a borrowing.
звярzvěrbeastnoun ● monosyllabicCS zvěrь was an i-stem. Punčo uses three plural forms: besides zverove also zverie (a i-stem) and zveri (jo-stem).
зданиеzdaniecreationnoun ● jo-stemMiklosich: zdanie 'plasma, opus figlinum'
здравzdravhealthyadjective ● hard stem
здравеzdravehealthnoun ● jo-stem
здравяzdravjagreetverb ● i-verb
здумамzdumamdiscuss, make a planverb ● a-verbCarski: 3pl.aor/impf zdumaha se
зеленzelengreenadjective ● hard stem
зелиеzelievegetablesnoun ● jo-stem
земаzematakeverb ● e-verbEtymologically based on BG vzema, used when the initial v- is omitted. It appears already in the 16th c. version of Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
земленzemlenof the Earthadjective ● hard stem
земленоzemlenolike on the Earthadverb ● CS
земляzemljaland, earthnoun ● jā-stemCS variant of BG zemja. Used if the epenthetic /l/ is written (as preferred by Punčo).
земскиzemskiof the Earthadjective ● hard stemCS zemlьskъ
земяzemjaland, earthnoun ● jā-stem
зереzereas, because, in no wayparticle ● Carski's word. Mauricio: Zer 'si'. BAN I 636: zer, zere 'kak ne, nima', zerja 'zaštoto, poneže' (Debъrsko), zerem 'kato če li' (Kukuš) < tr. zira < per. zira
зетzetson in lawnoun ● jo-stem
зидамzidambuildverb ● a-verbCS zizdati
зимаzimawinternoun ● ā-stem
зименzimenof winteradjective ● hard stem
зинаzinaroarverb ● e-verb
злакzlakplantnoun ● o-stemMiklosich: zlakъ 'herba'
златzlatgoldenadjective ● hard stem
златарzlatargoldsmithnoun ● jo-stem
златенzlatengolden, made of goldadjective ● hard stem
златникzlatnikgold coinnoun ● o-stem
златницаzlatnicagold coinnoun ● ā-stem
златоzlatogoldnoun ● o-stem
златокриленzlatokrilengolden-wingedadjective ● hard stem
златоузденzlatouzdengolden-briddledadjective ● hard stem
ЗлатоустZlatoustChrysostomnoun ● o-stemJohn Chrysostom (ca. 347-407), one of the Doctors of the Church. wiki
злаченzlačengrassyadjective ● hard stemMiklosich: zlačьnъ 'xloēs, graminis'
злеzlebadlyadverb ●
злинаzlinaevilnoun ● ā-stem
злоzloevilnoun ● o-stem
злобаzlobaangernoun ● ā-stem
злобеяzlobejabe angryverb ● e-verbCS zlobiti (an i-verb)
злобиденzlobidenmisfortunateadjective ● hard stemUnclear, possibly related to CS zlobytьstvo 'kakouxia, mala conditio'.
злобидникzlobidnikmisfortunate onenoun ● o-stem
злодеицаzlodeicaevil one (fem.)noun ● jā-stem
злодейzlodeievil onenoun ● jo-stem
злодеяниеzlodejanieevildoingnoun ● jo-stem
злодомовникzlodomovnikevil husbandnoun ● o-stemUnclear. CS domovьnikъ 'member of a household' (SJS: link), 'pater familias' (Miklosich).
зломисленzlomislenhaving evil thoughtsadjective ● hard stem
зломислениеzlomislenieevil thoughtsnoun ● jo-stemUnclear.
зломислецzlomislecone with evil thoughtsnoun ● jo-stemCS; Miklosich: zlomyslьcь 'kakonous, malevolus'
зломисълникzlomisъlnikone with evil thoughtsadjective ● o-stem
злонахождениеzlonaxoždeniemisfindingnoun ● jo-stemCS
злонравенzlonravenevil by characteradjective ● hard stem
злополучениеzlopolučeniemisfortunenoun ● jo-stemCS
злопомишлениеzlopomišlenieevil thoughtsnoun ● jo-stem
злосмрадиеzlosmradiebad stenchnoun ● jo-stemCS; different spellings in EuthDict (link) and Miklosich (link.
злосмрадливzlosmradlivbadly stinkingadjective ● hard stem
злосмрадьнъzlosmradьnъbadly stinkingadjective ● hard stemCS
злосръдитиzlosrъditibe angryverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
злостраданиеzlostradaniesufferingnoun ● jo-stemCS
злострадатиzlostradatisuffer badlyverb ● e-verbCS
злоструваниеzlostruvaniemisdeedsnoun ● jo-stemNot in dictionaries, likely a Berl.d.-editor's custom translation of CS zloba, reflecting also dobrostruvanie.
злотегленеzloteglenemisfortunesnoun ● jo-stem
злоуменzloumenwickedadjective ● hard stemCS
злоумиеzloumiewicked thinkingnoun ● jo-stemCS
злочестzločestbad, misfortunateadjective ● hard stem
злочестивzločestivbad, misfortunateadjective ● hard stem
злочестиеzločestiemisfortunenoun ● jo-stem
злочестникzločestnikevil, misfortunate onenoun ● o-stem
злочестницаzločestnicamisfortunate womannoun ● jā-stem
змейzmeidragonnoun ● monosyllabic
змияzmijasnakenoun ● jā-stem
знаменатиznamenatiput a sign, meanverb ● e-verbCS
знамениеznameniesign, omennoun ● jo-stem
знаменитznamenitsignificantadjective ● hard stem
знаяznajaknowverb ● e-verbPunčo prefers the athematic 1sg.prs form znamь.
знемогаznemogabecome incapableverb ● e-verb
зноиznoiheatnoun ● jo-stemCS
зноꙗнъznojanburntadjective ● hard stemCS
зобzobfoddernoun ● i-stemCarski: zob, def. zop+ta
зоваzovacallverb ● e-verbCS zvati, 1sg.prs zovǫ, 2sg zoveši
зовнаzovnacallverb ● e-verbSee BAN I 651.
зораzoradawnnoun ● ā-stem
зорѣнъzorěnsplendidadjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Attested in sg.inst štitomъ zorěnyimъ. Miklosich analyses the form as zorьnъ.
зраzraseeverb ● e-verb
зракzraksightnoun ● o-stem
зрениеzrenievision, seeingnoun ● jo-stemCS
зъбzъbtoothnoun ● o-stemCS zǫbъ
зълzъlevil, angryadjective ● hard stem
зърноzъrnograinnoun ● o-stem
зьдьzьdьwallnoun ● i-stemCS
зялоzěloveryadverb ● CS źělo
зяфетzjafetbanquetnoun ● o-stemNisanyan: tr. ziyafet 'banquet' < ar. ḍiyāfa 'konuk ağırlama' ('hospitality')
зѣльнъzělьnъstrongly feltadjective ● hard stemCS; EuthDict link
иiandconjunction ● Sometimes used to introduce conclusions by Punčo (e.g. i kogi otidoxa u rimъ i vlezoxu u polati crevi 'when they came to Rome, they entered the king's palace').
и (2)i (2)thatparticle ● A particle or pronouns often used by Carski. Likely a phonetic variant of e described in BAN I 473, going back to an old n.3sg.acc pronoun.
ибоibobecauseconjunction ● CS
ибрикibrikpitchernoun ● o-stem
иглаiglaneedlenoun ● ā-stem
игленiglenof needleadjective ● hard stem
играigragame, dancenoun ● ā-stem
играяigrajadance, playverb ● e-verb
игрьцьigrьcьdancer, actornoun ● jo-stemCS
игуменigumenabbotnoun ● o-stemwiktionary: gr. hēgemōn 'leader'
игуменяigumenjaabbessnoun ● jā-stem
идаidagoverb ● e-verbCS iti, 1sg idǫ, 2sg ideši
идежеidežewherepronoun ● CS
идолidolidolnoun ● jo-stemPunčo uses pl. idole (unlike st. BG idoli).
идолопоклонствоidolopoklonstvoidolatrynoun ● o-stem
идолскиidolskiof idolsadjective ● hard stem
ижеižewhopronoun ● CS relative pronoun is built from the old stem denoting grammatical person (*) and the demonstrative suffix -že. Although it can be inflected for gender, number and case (e.g. sь estъ o nemže azъ rěxъ 'this is, of whom I said', Jn 1:30), the form iže can also be found as a marker of adnominal clauses without agreeing with its head.
изizfrompreposition ● with genas a prefix, in CS /z/ is usually assimilated to voiceless consonants in the root onset; in Punčo's dialect, it is also often shortened to s- (e.g. skusen 'experienced')
избавителizbavitelsaviornoun ● epithet of Christ
избавлениеizbavlenieredemptionnoun ● jo-stemCS
избавяizbavjafree, let offverb ● i-verb
избезумитиizbezumitibecome madverb ● i-verbCS
избераizberachooseverb ● e-verb
избирамizbiramchooseverb ● a-verb
избирденizbirdensuddenlyadverb ● Carski's word. Google: tr. iz birden 'suddenly'
избияizbijaslaughterverb ● e-verb
избодаizbodapluck outverb ● e-verb
изброяizbrojacountverb ● i-verb
избягнаizběgnarun awayverb ● e-verb
извадяizvadjabring outverb ● i-verb
изведаizvedalead outverb ● e-verb
известенizvestenfamousadjective ● hard stemCS izvěstьnъ 'famous, known, certain'
известноizvestnofor sureadverb ●
известяizvestjaannounce, make sureverb ● i-verbMiklosich: izvěstiti 'certiorem, securum reddere'. In modern BG, only the meaning 'announce' seems to be productive.
извехнаizvexnafadeverb ● e-verb
извирамizviramboil, springverb ● a-verb
извияizvijatwistverb ● e-verb
извлекаizvlekadrag outverb ● e-verb
изводizvodsource (of text)noun ● o-stem
изволениеizvoleniechoicenoun ● jo-stem
изволяizvoljachooseverb ● i-verb
изворizvorsourcenoun ● o-stem
извърнаizvъrnaturnverb ● e-verb
извѣстоватиizvěstovatiannounce, make sureverb ● e-verbCS
изгарамizgaramburnverb ● a-verb
изгаснаizgasnaextinguishverb ● e-verb
изгинаizginaperishverb ● e-verb
изгледамizgledamsee allverb ● a-verb
изгнаниеizgnanieexpulsionnoun ● jo-stem
изгнетаizgnetapush outverb ● e-verb
изгнивамizgnivambecome rottenverb ● a-verb
изгнияizgnijabecome rottenverb ● e-verb
изгнояizgnojamake full of pusverb ● i-verb
изгоденizgodenappropriateadjective ● hard stem
изгоняizgonjachase awayverb ● i-verb
изгоряizgorjaburnverb ● i-verb
изгубяizgubjaloseverb ● i-verb
издавяizdavjasuffocate, drownverb ● i-verb
издамizdamgive awayverb ● irregularRBE: dam
издебнаizdebnaseek outverb ● e-verb
издумамizdumamspeak outverb ● a-verb
издуяizdujaswellverb ● e-verb
издъхнаizdъxnasigh outverb ● e-verb
изидаizidago outverb ● e-verb
изинizinpermissionnoun ● o-stemCarski's word. Google: tr. izin 'permission', Mauricio: Isin 'lizenzia, permesso'.
изкажаizkažatellverb ● e-verb
изкарамizkaramexpelverb ● a-verb
изковамizkovamforgeverb ● e-verb
изколяizkoljaslaughterverb ● i-verb
изкопавамizkopavamdig outverb ● a-verb
изкопаяizkopajadig outverb ● e-verb
изкупяizkupjabuy outverb ● i-verb
изкусенizkusenexperiencedadjective ● hard stem
изкушавамizkušavamseduceverb ● a-verb
изкушениеizkušenieexperience, temptationnoun ● jo-stemCS iskušenie
излезувамizlězuvamgo outverb ● a-verbDemina et al. 2012:344 - izlězuvam 'izlizam'
излекоizlekoeasily, slowlyadverb ●
излекувамizlekuvamhealverb ● a-verb
излетяizletjafly outverb ● i-verb
излеяizlejapour outverb ● e-verb
изливамizlivampour outverb ● a-verb
излихаizlixainsufficientlyadverb ● CS
излишенizlišengratituousadjective ● hard stem
изломитиizlomitibreakverb ● i-verbCS
излъжаizlъžadeceiveverb ● e-verb
излязаizlězago outverb ● e-verbCS izlaziti, BG izlizam
излязнаizlěznago outverb ● e-verb
ИзмайлIzmailIshmaelnoun ● o-stemSon of Hagar (Gen 16).
ИзмайлевIzmailevof Ishmaeladjective ● hard stem
измамяizmamjadeceiveverb ● i-verb
изметатиizmetatithrow outverb ● e-verbCS
изметкеринizmetkerinservantnoun ● ethno-stemCarski: hizmekiarin. BAN II 40: izmetьkerin 'sluga' < tr. hizmetkâr
измешаizmešamixverb ● i-verb
изминаizminapassverb ● e-verb
измирноizmirnomyrrhnoun ● o-stem
измисляizmisljainventverb ● i-verb
измоляizmoljapray outverb ● i-verb
изморяizmorjamurderverb ● i-verb
измраizmraperishverb ● e-verb
измътяizmъtjawhiskverb ● i-verbRBE: link.
измъчаizmъčatorture to deathverb ● i-verb
изнемогаiznemogabecome unableverb ● e-verb
изнесаiznesacarry outverb ● e-verb
износяiznosjacarry outverb ● i-verb
изнуряiznurjaexhaustverb ● i-verb
изнътрiznǫtrfrom insideadverb ● CS
изобиленizobilenrich, lavishadjective ● hard stem
изобразяizobrazjaportrayverb ● i-verb
изобрещатиizobreštatifindverb ● i-verbCS
изостряizostrjasharpenverb ● i-verb
изпаднаizpadnafall outverb ● e-verb
изпедепсамizpedepsamproperly raiseverb ● a-verbRBE: pedepsvam, pedepsam 1. 'uča', 2. 'văzpitavam'
изпитizpittrialnoun ● o-stem
изпитамizpitamtryverb ● a-verb
изпитаниеizpitanietrialnoun ● jo-stem
изпитвамizpitvamtryverb ● a-verb
изпитияizpitijatrialnoun ● jā-stem
изпишаizpišadrawverb ● e-verbCS?
изпияizpijadrinkverb ● e-verb
изплавяizplavjawash outverb ● i-verb
изплъзвамizplъzvamcrawl outverb ● a-verb
изповедникizpovědnikconfessornoun ● o-stem
изповядамizpovědamconfessverb ● a-verb
изправяizpravjamake straightverb ● i-verb
изпратяizpratjasend offverb ● i-verb
изпращамizpraštamsend offverb ● a-verb
изпревивамizprevivamtwistverb ● a-verbLikely Punčo's own secondary perfectivization of previvam.
изпросяizprosjabeg, askverb ● i-verb
изпускамizpuskamlet looseverb ● a-verb
изпустяizpustjalet looseverb ● i-verb
изпъдникizpъdnikexpelled onenoun ● o-stemUsed as an epithet of Devil: ispudniče ot angel 'o you expelled from among the angels'.
изпъдяizpъdjaexpelverb ● i-verb
изпълняizpъlnjafillverb ● i-verb
израилтянинizrailtjaninIsraelitenoun ● ethno-stemRoot usually abbreviated (e.g. ilteni in Berl.d.).
израстяizrastjagrowverb ● e-verb
изредяizredjaput in orderverb ● i-verb
изрекаizrekasayverb ● e-verb
изринаizrinapush outverb ● e-verb
изручаizručaroarverb ● i-verb
изсекаizsekamow downverb ● e-verb
изсипяizsipjapour outverb ● e-verb
изскубнаizskubnapluck, tearverb ● e-verb
изследвамizsledvamresearchverb ● a-verb
изстинаizstinabecome coldverb ● e-verb
изстудяizstudjamake coldverb ● i-verb
изсушаizsušadryverb ● i-verb
изсъхнаizsъxnadryverb ● e-verb
изтезавамiztezavamtorture, questionverb ● a-verbPunčo uses the older meaning 'question', reflecting CS istęzovati, 1sg.prs istęzujǫ.
изтекаiztekapour outverb ● e-verb
изтичамiztičampour outverb ● a-verb
изтокiztokEastnoun ● o-stem
източаiztočapour outverb ● i-verb
източвамiztočvampourverb ● a-verb
източенiztočenEasternadjective ● hard stem
източникiztočniksourcenoun ● o-stem
изтравамiztravamconsumeverb ● a-verbUnclear, likely from CS traviti (link).
изтрезвеяiztrezvejabecome soberverb ● e-verb
изучаizučalearnverb ● i-verb
изфръляizfrъljathrow awayverb ● i-verbBG izxvъrlja
изходizxodexitnoun ● o-stem
изходяizxodjaexitverb ● i-verbPunčo uses the word also for 'commit adultery' (translating CS ljuboděistvovati).
изцелениеizceleniehealingnoun ● jo-stemCS iscělenie
изцелителizcelitelhealernoun ● jo-stemCS iscělitelь
изцеляizceljahealverb ● i-verbCS iscěljati
изцелявамizceljavamhealverb ● a-verb
изчезнаizčeznavanishverb ● e-verbCS isčeznǫti
изчезнувамizčeznuvamvanishverb ● a-verb
изчетаizčetacountverb ● e-verb
изявяizjavjashow a visionverb ● i-verb
изяждамizjaždameat outverb ● a-verbPunčo: 3pl.prs izidaju
изямizjameat outverb ● irregular3sg.prs izjade
изѧтиizętitakeverb ● irregularCS; 3sg.prs izimetъ
изѧщенizęštenexcellentadjective ● hard stemCS
иконаikonaiconnoun ● ā-stem
илиiliorconjunction ●
ИлинIlinof Elijahadjective ● hard stem
ИлионIlionIlionnoun ● o-stem
ИлирикIlirikIllyrianoun ● o-stem
ИлияIlijaElijahnoun ● ā-stemPunčo uses a single dependent form (Iliju), but two vocatives - both Ilie (jā- or new i-stem) and Ilio (ā-stem).
имамimamhaveverb ● a-verbPunčo uses various 3pl.prs forms - e.g. in chapter 062a, sentences following each other show imutь, imajutь and imatь.
иманеimanewealthnoun ● o-stem
имеimenamenoun ● n-stem
имениеimeniewealthnoun ● jo-stemCS iměnie
именитimenitof worthy nameadjective ● hard stem
именувамimenuvamcall, give a nameverb ● a-verb
имотенimotenwealthyadjective ● hard stem
инinanother, differentadjective ● pronominal hard stemCS
инатinatquarrel, enmitynoun ● uninflected
индиктindiktindictionnoun ● o-stemCS inъdiktъ, the 15-year cycle used for Roman taxation and general time measurement.
иногдаinogdaanother timeadverb ● CS
иноежеinoežeanotherpronoun ● CS
ИнокентийInokentiiInnocentnoun ● new i-stem
ИпитерIpiterJupiternoun ● o-stem
ираклийскиirakliiskiof Heraklionadjective ● hard stem
ИродIrodHerodnoun ● o-stem
ИсаакIsaakIsaacnoun ● o-stemPunčo usually writes the name with only one a.
ИсааковIsaakovIsaac'sadjective ● hard stem
ИсавIsavEsaunoun ● o-stem
ИсавовIsavovEsau'sadjective ● hard stem
ИсаяIsaiaIsaiahnoun ● new i-stem
искамiskamwantverb ● a-verbCS iskati also 'seek', an e-verb in CS (3sg.prs iskaetъ/ištetъ)
искочитиiskočitijump outverb ● i-verbCS
искраiskrasparknoun ● ā-stem
ИскърIskъrIskarnoun ● o-stemLatin Oescus, flows through Western Bulgaria from Rila Mountains to Danube.
испастиispastifall outverb ● e-verbCS
испровръгнѫтиisprovrъgnǫtithrow down, destroyverb ● e-verbCS
испръваisprъvaat firstadverb ● CS
иставатиistavatibe exposedverb ● e-verbCS
истинаistinatruthnoun ● ā-stem
истиненistinentrueadjective ● hard stem
истинноistinnotrulyadverb ●
истлениеistleniedecaynoun ● jo-stemCS
историцаistoricachroniclenoun ● jā-stem
историческиistoričeskihistoricaladjective ● hard stem
историяistorijahistory, chroniclenoun ● jā-stem
истребитиistrěbitipurgeverb ● i-verbCS
ИсукрастIsukrastJesus Christnoun ● o-stemCarski: Issukras, dep. form Issukrasta. Likely showing Bosnian phonetics, also found in the Abagar
ИсукрастовIsukrastovof Jesus Christadjective ● hard stem
ИсусIsusJesusnoun ● o-stem
ИсусовIsusovJesus'adjective ● hard stem
исходищеisxodištebasenoun ● jo-stemCS
йерейiereipriestnoun ● jo-stem< gr. hiereus
ЙермонIermonEurymenesnoun ● o-stem
ЙерусалимIerusalimJerusalemnoun ●
ЙерусалимовIerusalimovof Jerusalemadjective ● hard stem
Йерусалимскиierusalimskiof Jerusalemadjective ● hard stem
ЙехонияJexonijaJeconiahnoun ● new i-stemKing of Judaea, dethroned and captured by Nabuchadnezzar II (2 Kings 24:17). CS Iexonïa.
ЙоавIoavJoabnoun ● o-stemDavid's commander (e.g. 2 Sam 8:16)
ЙоанIoanJohnnoun ● o-stem
ЙоаникийIoanikiiJoanniciusnoun ● new i-stem
ЙоановIoanovJohn'sadjective ● hard stem
ЙовIovJobnoun ● o-stem
ЙовинIovinJob'sadjective ● hard stem
ЙоиловIoilovJoel'sadjective ● hard stem
ЙорданIordanJordannoun ● o-stem
ЙосифIosifJosephnoun ● o-stem
кktopreposition ● with datCS
каакийскыkaakiiskiAchaeanadjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Ruseva: kaakiiskyi 'axejska'
.
Pypin has kajakimskii.
кабахатkabaxatsin, misdeednoun ● uninflectedBAN II 116: kaba(x)at 'vina' < tr. kabahat < ar. qabāḥat
кабахатлиkabaxatlipeccantnoun ● new i-stemCarski: kabahatlia.
кабилkabilpossiblyadverb ● Carski's word. BAN II 117: kabil 'vъzmožno' < tr. kabil < ar. qābil 'kojto priema, kojto se sъglasjava'
кабулkabuldealnoun ● o-stemCarski's word. BAN II 118: kabul 'priemane, sъglasie' < tr. kabul < ar. qabūl
кавгаkavgaquarrelnoun ● ā-stem
кавгаджияkavgadžijaa quarrelsome onenoun ● new i-stem
кадилникkadilnikcensernoun ● o-stem
кадилоkadilocensernoun ● o-stem
кадияkadijaqadi, judgenoun ● new i-stem
кадърkadъrcapableadjective ● uninflectedBAN II 134: kadъ̀r 'goden, svoboden' < tr. kadır 'mogăšt, vsesilen' < ar. qādir
кажаkažatellverb ● e-verb
казвамkazvamtellverb ● a-verb
КаздаKazdaCasdoenoun ● ā-stemSister of St. Gabdelas, also spelled Kazdoa. Punčo uses both Kazdo and Kazda as a nominative form.
КаздинKazdinof Casdoeadjective ● hard stem
КаинKainCainnoun ● o-stem
КаинанKainanKenannoun ● o-stemA biblical patriarch (4th gen.)
КаинановKainanovKenan'sadjective ● hard stem
каириkairimomentnoun ● uninflectedCarski's word. Likely related to gr. kairē 'time' and/or tr. acc.def kereyi 'time'.
какkakhowpronoun ● CS kakъ is used mostly adnominally with the meaning 'what kind of' (as BG kakъv; RBE: histdict). Modern (and also "simple") BG kak is used as CS kako.
каквоkakvowhatpronoun ● Handled as A, if used adnominally.
каквотоkakvotowhatpronoun ●
какоkakohowpronoun ● CS (also preferred by Punčo)
кактоkaktohowpronoun ●
какъвkakъvwhat kind ofpronoun ● Handled as A, if used adnominally.
какъвтоkakъvtowhichpronoun ●
калkalmudnoun ● i-stem
КалаврияKalavrijaCalabrianoun ● jā-stem
каленkalenmuddy, stainedadjective ● hard stem
КаликратияKalikratijaKallikrateianoun ● jā-stemModern day Mimarsinan in the district Büyükçemece in the suburbs of Istanbul (wiki).
КалиманKalimanKalimannoun ● o-stem
КалиполKalipolGallipolinoun ● o-stem
КалкадиновKalkadinovof Calchasadjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Here, Kalkadinovь otokъ denotes the hiding place of Achilles before the war (i.e. Skyros).
калканkalkanshieldnoun ● jo-stemCarski: pl. calcane. Google: tr. kalkan 'shield'
КалканоушьKalkanušVulcannoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy: sg.dat kalkanoušu. Jagić: Vl'kanušu.
КалкашьKalkašCalchasnoun ● jo-stem
калугерkalugermonknoun ● o-stemwiktionary: ngr. kalogeros 'monk'
калугерскиkalugerskiof monksadjective ● hard stem
каматарkamatarusurernoun ● o-stemmakedonski.info: kamatar ~ kamatnik 'toj, što dava pari na zaem so kamata'
каменkamenstonenoun ● o-stemOCS sg.nom kamy, acc kamenь - an n-stem.
камененkamenenof stoneadjective ● hard stem
камениеkameniestonenoun ● jo-stem
камилаkamilacamelnoun ● ā-stem
камилскиkamilskiof cameladjective ● hard stem
камоkamowherepronoun ● Lative correlant of kъde.
камъкkamъkstonenoun ● n-stem
кандиларkandilarcandlebearernoun ● jo-stem
кандилоkandilocandlesticknoun ● o-stem
КантакузинKantakuzinKantakuzenosnoun ● o-stem
каняkanjainviteverb ● i-verb
капищеkapišteheathen shrinenoun ● jo-stem
капкаkapkadropnoun ● ā-stem
капоносецkaponoseccape-wearernoun ● jo-stemNot found in dictionaries (see BAN II 213 for kapa 'šapka'). Used by Punčo as a metaphor for 'monk'.
КапсофKapsofKapsofnoun ● o-stemUnclear.
капяkapjadropverb ● e-verb
КарKarCarusnoun ● o-stem
КаракацилаKarakacilaKarakacilanoun ● ā-stemMother of the false prophet of Antichrist, which leads the men astray (chapter 070).
BAN II 232 shows some similar words, like ethnonym karakačanin, lit. 'black runner' (< tr. kara kaçan) and karakaška 'magpie' (< gr. karakaksi), but the relation (if any) is not clear. Turkish keçi 'goat' could also be plausible, from the viewpoint of common Satanic imagery.
карамkaramride, quarrelverb ● a-verbMeaning 'quarrel' comes in reflexive constructions (e.g. karat se 'they quarrel with each other').
карарkararstate, modenoun ● uninflectedCarski's word. Meaning unclear; in the phrase bir karar it seems to mean 'only' (lit. 'in one, the same state' ?). Mauricio: Karar 'modo, moderazione', BAN II 240: karar 'red, položenie' < tr. karar 'rešenie' < ar. qarār
КардамKardamKardamnoun ● o-stem
КаринKarinCarinusnoun ● o-stem
кармилскиkarmilskiof Carmeladjective ● hard stem
кастелkasteltowernoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy: sg.loc na vysokomъ kasteli.
катаkataeverypreposition ●
катоkatoasconjunction ●
католичанскиkatoličanskiCatholicadjective ● hard stemCarski: f.sg Sveta Ciarqua Cattoliscianska
катръгаkatrъgaboatnoun ● ā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Miklosich: katrъga 'katergon, navis'.
катунkatuntentnoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Miklosich: katounъ 'parembolē, castra'.
катърkatъrmulenoun ● o-stemCarski: katar. BAN II 279: katъr 'mule' < tr. katır
качаkačaclimbverb ● i-verb
качицаkačicajarnoun ● jā-stemLikely a diminutive of kaca, itself a dim. of *kadь (BAN II 285).
КашантоушаKašantušaXanthosnoun ● jā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Pypin: Skomandra.
кашмерkašmerjokenoun ● uninflectedCarski: kascmer. BAN II 301: kašmer 'prismex, podigravka' < tr. kaşmer 'šut, smešnik'. Mauricio: Kascmer 'derisione'.
КащрандаKaštrandaCassandranoun ● ā-stemAlso the voc kaštrandro is attested in the Legend.
каяkajaregretverb ● e-verbUsually reflexive: kaja se 'regret'.
каяниеkajanieregretnoun ● jo-stem
КаяфKajafCaiaphasnoun ● o-stem
кедровkedrovof cedaradjective ● hard stem
КесарKesarCaesarnoun ● o-stem
КесарияKesarijaCaesareanoun ● jā-stem
кесияkesijapursenoun ● jā-stem
кивотkivotArk of Covenantnoun ● o-stem
килеkilebushelnoun ● o-stemBAN II 361: kile 'mjarka za teglo' < tr. kile < ar. kīla
КиликияKilikijaCilicianoun ● jā-stemPunčo: sg.acc kiliskiju - a corruption of ѳar'sьlikiju (Tixon.d.), which is based on Tarsus of Cilicia.
килияkilijacellnoun ● jā-stemCS kelija (< gr. kellion). Punčo uses the CS spelling.
кинеяkinejatearverb ● e-verbUsed by Punčo: 3pl.aor/impf kinexa. Not found in the available dictionaries, mentioned in a text by Šapkarev (†1909, link) in the same form, as an equivalent of kъsaxa.
кипяkipjaboilverb ● i-verb
КирKirCyrusnoun ● o-stem
кирkirlordnoun ● uninflectedRBE: kir (2) 'gospodin, gospodar', < gr. kyrios. Usually written with an ižica, e.g. патрїáр͛хь кѷрь вáсилїе (Vuković 1536).
КирилKirilCyrilnoun ● o-stem
кирияkirijatransport feenoun ● jā-stemBAN II 381: kirija 'naem, plata za prevoz na stoki ili pъtnici', < tr. kira < ar. kirā'
КировKirovof Cyrusadjective ● hard stem
КирякKirjakCyriacusnoun ● o-stem
КисовKisovKishonnoun ● o-stemCS (3 Kings 18:40) kissovъ
кладенецkladenecwellnoun ● jo-stem
кланеklaneslaughternoun ● jo-stem
кланямklanjambow, worshipverb ● a-verbReflexive: BG klanjam se.
клеветникklevetnikslanderernoun ● o-stem
клеветяklevetjaslanderverb ● i-verb
клекнаkleknakneelverb ● e-verb
клетklětcellnoun ● monosyllabicCS klětь was a fem. i-stem. Punčo handles it as a masculine (e.g. drugi kletъ). In dictionaries it is handled as a feminine (here §6). Both klet and kljat (pl. kleti) are attested in dialects (BAN II 439).
клетваkletvacurse, vownoun ● ā-stemCS klętva
КликерийKlikeriiCliceriusnoun ● new i-stem
клирикklirikclericnoun ● o-stem
клисураklisuraravine, gorgenoun ● ā-stem
клончецklončecbranchnoun ● jo-stem
ключključkeynoun ● monosyllabic
ключитиključitijoin, take part, be appropriateverb ● i-verbCS; meaning 'appropriate' in ptcp.prs.pass. ključim
кметkmetelder, mayornoun ● monosyllabic
книгаknigabook, letter, literaturenoun ● ā-stem
книголюбиеknigoljubielove of booksnoun ● jo-stemCS
книженkniženof literatureadjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Used in phrases knižna pisma and knižniix slovesъ denoting simply letters.
книжицаknižicalittle booknoun ● jā-stem
книжникknižnikscribenoun ● o-stemCS knižьnikъ
книжовенknižovenliterateadjective ● hard stem
книжовникknižovnikscribenoun ● o-stemA modern BG variant of knižnik.
княгыниknęgyniprincess, queennoun ● jā-stemCS
князknęzprince, kingnoun ● jo-stemCS kъnęźь
ковамkovamforgeverb ● e-verb
ковачkovačsmithnoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
ковчегkovčegcoffinnoun ● e-verb
ковчежецkovčežeclittle coffinnoun ● jo-stem
когаkogawhenpronoun ● Often used by Punčo as a relative pronoun too.
когатоkogatowhenpronoun ●
когдаkogdawhenpronoun ● CS. The root -gda likely shows a m.sg.gen (of godъ 'time'?), but it could also reflect old sg.inst -a (BAN II 514) which has been proposed for the adverb včera 'yesterday' (Olander 2015:168) too.
когиkogiwhenpronoun ● A dialectal variant of koga (cf. BAN II 515). Also attested in the Legend of Troy (spelled kogy).
когитоkogitowhenpronoun ● A dialectal variant of kogato.
КоетаKoetaKoyatanoun ● ā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Unclear, how the name, appearing in PL and RU folk tales, could be related to Lycomedes, king of Skyros. Jagić: šteri Ućetě krala, pride k Uetu kralju.
кожаkožaleather, skinnoun ● jā-stem
кожухkožuxfur cloaknoun ● o-stemUsed to translate CS milotь 'mēlotē, pellis ovina'
козаkozagoatnoun ● ā-stem
козиkoziof a goatadjective ● soft stemAn old derivation, going back to *kozъ-jь, rather than to a long-form.
козинаkozinafurnoun ● ā-stem
козинавkozinavfurryadjective ● hard stem
козлищеkozlištegoat kidnoun ● jo-stem
КозмаKozmaCosmasnoun ● ā-stem
койkoiwhopronoun ● Handled as A, if used adnominally, especially in CS, e.g. koeju xitrostiju 'by what kind of cunning'. Pq---g kogo, Pq---d komu etc.
койтоkoitowhopronoun ● Pr---g kogoto, Pr---d komuto
КокаKokaKokanoun ● ā-stemname of a river, unclear
кокалkokalbonenoun ● o-stem
колkolstakenoun ● monosyllabic
колаkolawagon, car, wheelsnoun ● o-stemUsed as Nnpn by Punčo (ʾógnéni kola). Punčo uses the word in singular (as kolo 'wheel') too. CS kolo was an s-stem.
колесницаkolesnicachariotnoun ● jā-stem
колиkoliwhenadverb ● CS
колкоkolkohow muchpronoun ●
колкотоkolkotoas muchpronoun ●
коляноkolěnokneenoun ● o-stem
комкаkomkaEucharist, hostnoun ● ā-stemCarski: conca
комшияkomšijaneighbornoun ● o-stemtr. komşu
конkonhorsenoun ● jo-stemPunčo uses both kone and koni as plural forms, preferring the latter.
конакkonakmansion, innnoun ● o-stemBAN II 581: konak 'učreždenie, kmetstvo, mjasto za noštuvane, kъšta na turčin golemec' < tr. konak 'goljam, krasiv dom'. For more meanings RBE: here.
кондисамkondisamcampverb ● a-verbRBE: link
конецkonecendnoun ● jo-stem
конеченkonečenfinaladjective ● hard stem
конечноkonečnofinallyadverb ●
КонстантинKonstantinConstantinenoun ● o-stemPunčo prefers the spelling Kostandinь.
КонстантиновKonstantinovof Constantineadjective ● hard stemUsually a part of the name Konstantinovь gradь 'Constantinople'.
копаняkopanjabowelnoun ● jā-stem
копаяkopajadigverb ● e-verb
копиеkopiespearnoun ● jo-stem
копраляkopraljagoadnoun ● jā-stem
корабkorabshipnoun ● o-stemA jo-stem in OCS (e.g. Zogr. Mt 4:21 vъ korabi 'in a ship'), also written as korablь. Punčo sometimes uses the fem. dep.form, e.g. obrъnu korabu 'he turned the ship'.
корабникkorabniksailornoun ● o-stemCS
коремkorembellynoun ● o-stemEtymology unclear (cf. BAN II 633: < ngr. kormi 'tjalo' ?)
коренkorenrootnoun ● jo-stem
коренецkorenecrootnoun ● jo-stem
коритоkoritotroughnoun ● o-stemCS koryto
корубинаkorubinainside of an animalnoun ● ā-stemmakedonski.info: korubina 'grb od zaklana svinja' (link)
косаkosascythenoun ● ā-stem
косматkosmathairyadjective ● hard stem
коснаkosnatouchverb ● e-verb
косовkosovof blackbirdadjective ● hard stem
костkostbonenoun ● i-stem
котелkotelkettlenoun ● jo-stem
которkotorwhichadjective ● pronominal hard stemCS
кочияkočijachariotnoun ● jā-stem
кошницаkošnicabasketnoun ● jā-stem
кошоутаkošutahindnoun ● ā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
краваkravacownoun ● ā-stem
краденеkradenestealingnoun ● jo-stem
крадителkraditelthiefnoun ● jo-stemPossibly Punčo's neologism, based on the common verb krada 'steal' (BAN II 704), made to translate CS tatь.
краднаkradnastealverb ● e-verb
краенkraenlastadjective ● hard stem
кражбаkražbatheftnoun ● ā-stem
крайkraiendnoun ● jo-stem
кралkralkingnoun ● jo-stemAn alternative to knęz as the second highest secular title ('king'). Paisius divides the Bulgarian rulers to krale 'kings' and care 'emperors', going back to a story about ʺAsen the Greatʺ (actually Khan Tervel). Pagan rulers used titles arkhon or kanasubigi, later the Slavic kъnęźь. The title kralь was common in West Slavic area, and its use in the South is likely a later Hungarian influence.
кралевkralevof kingadjective ● hard stem
кралевьствоkralevьstvokingdomnoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
кралицаkralicaqueennoun ● jā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
кралюватиkraljuvatirule as a kingverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
красаkrasasnakenoun ● ā-stemBAN II 717: krasa 'zmija' (Tetevensko)
красенkrasenbeautifuladjective ● hard stem
красинkrasinof snakeadjective ● hard stem
красотаkrasotabeautynoun ● ā-stemCS
крастаkrastascabiesnoun ● ā-stem
кратkrattimesnoun ● o-stemCS - e.g. tri kraty 'three times'
краткоkratkoshortlyadverb ●
краткоуменkratkoumenshort-mindedadjective ● hard stem
кратъкkratъkshortadjective ● hard stem
кременkremenflint, quartznoun ● o-stemOriginally an n-stem (CS kremy, BG kremъk), but Punčo's form is attested in other dialects too (bas.bg).
крепкоkrepkostaunchlyadverb ●
крепостkrepoststrengthnoun ● i-stem
крепъкkrepъkstrongadjective ● hard stem
крепяkrepjasupportverb ● i-verb
кривkrivcrooked, unjustadjective ● hard stem
кривачкаkrivačkahandfulnoun ● ā-stemBAN II 8: krivačka 'šepa'
кривдинаkrivdinainjusticenoun ● ā-stem
кривинаkrivinainjusticenoun ● ā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
кривогледникkrivoglednikone with a skewered visionnoun ● o-stemPunčo: gde+e sudnikь i+veliko krivo glednikь (thus separated by spaces). Unclear, BAN III 6 shows krivogled 'čiito oči ne gledat v edna i sъšta posoka', which does not make sense in the context.
крилатkrilatwingedadjective ● hard stem
крилоkrilowingnoun ● o-stem
критскиkritskiof Creteadjective ● hard stem
крияkrijahideverb ● e-verb
кровkrovcovernoun ● o-stemCS
кромешенkromešenouteradjective ● hard stemCS kroměšьnъ or kroměštьnъ; mostly used in fixed phrases like tьma kromešnaa 'outer darkness' (e.g. Mt 8:12). An extension of kromě.
кромѣkroměexcludingpreposition ● with genCS
кроткоkrotkopeacefullyadverb ●
кротостkrotostpeacefulnessnoun ● i-stem
кротъкkrotъkpeacefuladjective ● hard stem
КрунKrunKrumnoun ● o-stemPaisius' (and Punčo's) spelling of the name of one of the most famous khans of early Bulgaria (803-814).
КруновKrunovof Krumadjective ● hard stem
кръвkrъvbloodnoun ● ū-stem
кръвникkrъvnikcutthroatnoun ● o-stemBAN III 35: krъvnik 'krъvožaden čovek, ubiec, krъvopiec, krъvolok', 'vid smok' (Strandža).
кръвопиецkrъvopiecbloodthirsternoun ● jo-stem
кръвопролитиеkrъvoprolitiebloodshednoun ● jo-stemCS
кръстkrъstcrossnoun ● monosyllabic
КръстителKrъstitelBaptistnoun ●
кръстяkrъstjabaptizeverb ● i-verb
кръщевамkrъštevambaptizeverb ● a-verb
кръщенkrъštenbaptizedadjective ● hard stem
кръщениеkrъšteniebaptismnoun ● jo-stem
кулаkulatowernoun ● ā-stem
кумирkumiridolnoun ● o-stem
купецkupecmerchantnoun ● jo-stem
купляkupljagoodsnoun ● jā-stemCS
купноkupnotogetheradverb ● CS
купувамkupuvambuyverb ● a-verb
купяkupjabuyverb ● i-verb
курваkurvaadulterernoun ● ā-stemDemina et al. 2012:430 - kurva 'bluden, razvraten čovek (mъž ili žena), kojto izvъršva preljubodejanie'.
курварkurvaradulterernoun ● o-stemAlso attested (043) as an ethno-stem (sg.gen kurvarina).
курварскиkurvarskiadulterousadjective ● hard stem
курварствоkurvarstvoadulterynoun ● o-stem
курвяkurvjafornicateverb ● i-verb
куртулисамkurtulisamsaveverb ● a-verbCarski: 1sg.prs/opt da se kurtolissan. BAN III 150: kurtulisvam 'izbavjam se' < tr. kurtul- 'spasja se'. Mauricio: Kortolisuam 'liberarsi, disfarsi da una cosa'
куруцkuruccrusadernoun ● o-stemUnclear, used by Punčo to denote the tribes of Moabites and Ammonites. The word kuruc is used in Hungarian and Slovak for rebel soldiers in 16th-18th century (slovniky.juls link), perhaps mockingly called thus. The connection seems somewhat unlikely.
КуфаKufaKufanoun ● ā-stemName of a river in Phrygia in today's Turkey somewhere around ancient Chonae (Honaz), unclear which.
къдеkъdewherepronoun ● BG variant of CS gde - used, when the jer is reflected in the text.
къдетоkъdetowherepronoun ●
къждоkъždoevery, anypronoun ● CS
къзньkъznьdevice, intriguenoun ● i-stemCS
кълнаkъlnacurseverb ● e-verb
кълъчkъlъčswordnoun ● jo-stemCarski: pl. kalace. Google: tr. kılıç 'sword'
къмkъmtowardpreposition ●
къмтоkъmtotowardpreposition ●
къпяkъpjabatheverb ● i-verbCS kupati
кървавkъrvavbloodyadjective ● hard stem
кърпаkъrpascarf, ragnoun ● ā-stem
кърчагkъrčagpitchernoun ● o-stem
кършаkъršacrossverb ● i-verbrechnik.chitanka: kъrša rъce 'otčajan sъm, ne znaja kakvo da pravja'
късканджилъкkъskandžilъkjealousynoun ● o-stemCarski: kaskangilak
къскандисвамkъskandisvambe jealousverb ● a-verbCarski: 3sg.prs ze da ja kaskandissova. BAN III 231: kъskandisvam 'zaviždam, revnuvam' < tr. aor. kıskandı
кътоkъtowhopronoun ● CS, replaced by koi in modern varieties. See čto for etymology.
къщаkъštahousenoun ● ā-stemMiklosich: kǫšta 'skēnē, tentorium'. Handled as jā-stem in CS.
кѫдоуkǫduwhencepronoun ● CS. Ablative correlant of kъde, usually written kudu later. Also appearing with final -ǫ, -a and -ě in OCS (SJS: link), some sl. varieties show -y (CZ kudy), so the etymology is still debated (ESSJ II 351, cf. also IV 974 for tǫdu).
лавицаlavicashelfnoun ● jā-stem
лавраlavralavranoun ● ā-stemWiki: link.
ЛаганLaganLagannoun ● o-stemPaisius' adaptation of Lakhanos, the Greek name of Ivaylo, the usurper in 1278.
ЛазарLazarLazarusnoun ● o-stem
ЛазаровLazarovLazarus'noun ●
лакомlakomgreedyadjective ● hard stem
лакомяlakomjagreednoun ● jā-stem
лакътlakъtelbownoun ● i-stem
ламбадаlambadabig candlenoun ● o-stemLemma based on Demina (et al. 2012:435). CS lamъbada 'lampas'.
ЛамедонLamedonLaomedonnoun ● o-stem
ЛамедонияLamedoniaLaomedonianoun ● jā-stem
ЛаодикияLaodikijaLaodiceanoun ● jā-stem
ЛартѣшевичьLartěševičLaerteidesnoun ● jo-stemCommon form of the surname of Ulysses (Urekšišь) in the Legend of Troy.
ЛартѣшевъLartěševof Laertesadjective ● hard stem
латининlatininRoman, Latinnoun ● ethno-stem
латинскиlatinskiLatinadjective ● hard stem
лаяниеlajaniebarking, ambush, rusenoun ● jo-stemThe military senses ('ambush, ruse') seem to be limited to CS (RBE: histdict.uni-sofia).
легалоlegalobednoun ● o-stem
легеонlegeonlegion, regimentnoun ● o-stemAlso used for 'hundred thousand', but not in available sources.
легнаlegnalayverb ● e-verb
легомаlegomaas if, becauseadverb ● Demina et al. 2012:436 - legoma '1.tъkmo, imenno, 2.sjakaš'
ледledicenoun ● monosyllabic
леденledenicyadjective ● hard stem
лежаležalayverb ● i-verb
лекleklightadjective ● hard stemCS lьgъkъ
лекарlekardoctornoun ● jo-stem
лекарствоlekarstvomedicinenoun ● o-stem
лекоlekolightlyadverb ● CS lьgъko
лекувамlekuvamhealverb ● a-verb
лекуваниеlekuvaniehealingnoun ● jo-stem
лелеlelebehold!interjection ●
леляleljaauntnoun ● jā-stem
ленивlenivlazy, slothfuladjective ● hard stem
леностlenostslothnoun ● i-stemCS lěnostь
леняlenjabe lazyverb ● i-verbReflexive: BG lenja se.
ЛеонLeonLeonoun ● o-stem
ЛеоновLeonovof Leoadjective ● hard stem
лесноlesnoeasilyadverb ●
летенlětenof summer, of yearadjective ● hard stemUsed mostly with numbers (like desetileten 'ten-year old').
летяletjaflyverb ● i-verbCS letěti, 1sg.prs leštǫ - imperfect variant of lětati.
лещаleštalentilsnoun ● jā-stem
лиli(question particle)particle ●
ливанlivanthymenoun ● o-stemRBE: link
лижаližalickverb ● e-verb
ЛийLiiLyaeusnoun ● new i-stemA mighty gladiator from Scythia in the Life of St. Demetrius. Written Lѵa in Prolog, lïw in Tixon.d.
ЛикинянLikinianLiciniannoun ● o-stem
ликовьствоватиlikovьstvovatistand face to faceverb ● e-verbCS
ликуванеlikuvanefestive moodnoun ● jo-stemrechnik.chitanka: likuvam 'tъržestvuvam, radvam se vъztorženo'rechnik.chitanka: likuvam 'tъržestvuvam, radvam se vъztorženo'rechnik.chitanka: likuvam 'tъržestvuvam, radvam se vъztorženo'rechnik.chitanka: likuvam 'tъržestvuvam, radvam se vъztorženo'
ЛиможLimožLimogesnoun ● jo-stemIn Carski's orthography: Limoges
липсвамlipsvambe lacked, vanishverb ● a-verb
лисицаlisicafoxnoun ● jā-stem
лискеliskeleavesnoun ● jo-stemBAN III 424: liskьe 'šuma ot dărveta', liske 'lista' < *listje
листlistleafnoun ● monosyllabicAn o-stem in CS.
литавlitaveviladjective ● hard stemUnclear, possibly a misspelling of lukav.
литраlitrapoundnoun ● ā-stemA unit of measure used mostly for gold in CS and Byzantine context in general. According to wiki, a Byzantine litra weighed 72 solidi or about 324 g (later 319 g) - closer to the Roman libra (328.9 g), than the modern British (453.59 g) and Apothecary (373.24 g) pounds.
литургияliturgijaliturgynoun ● jā-stem
лицеlicefacenoun ● jo-stem
лицемеренlicemerenhypocriticaladjective ● hard stemCS liceměrьnъ
личенličennotableadjective ● hard stem
лишаlišadepriveverb ● i-verb
лобизатиlobizatikissverb ● e-verbCS
ловlovhuntnoun ● o-stemUsed by Punčo also in the meaning of 'catch', i.e. the 'result of a hunt'.
ловяlovjahuntverb ● i-verb
ЛогLogLogosnoun ● o-stemName of a monastery fief on Athos.
ЛогинLoginLonginusnoun ● o-stemSoldier, who had pierced Jesus' heart (Jn 19:34). The name is not biblical, first mentioned in Acts of Pilate. wiki
ложесьноložesnawombnoun ● o-stemCS n.pl ložesna 'vulva, uterus'
ложницаložnicabedroomnoun ● jā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
лозенlozenof vineyardadjective ● hard stem
лозиеlozievineyardnoun ● jo-stemBG loza
лойloifatnoun ● i-stem
ЛотLotLotnoun ● o-stem
ЛотовLotovof Lotadjective ● hard stem
лошlošbadadjective ● soft stem
лошавlošavbad, miserableadjective ● hard stem
лошавоlošavomiserablyadverb ●
лошиняlošinjaevil, deceitnoun ● jā-stem
лугеlugepeoplenoun ● jo-stemVernacular variant of ljudie - used when the /g/ is reflected in text.
лудludmadadjective ● hard stem
лудостludostmadnessnoun ● i-stem
ЛукаLukaLukenoun ● ā-stem
лукавlukavevil, cunningadjective ● hard stem
лукавствоlukavstvoevil, deceitnoun ● o-stem
лукавщинаlukavštinaevil, deceitnoun ● ā-stem
луковlukovof onionadjective ● hard stem
лунаlunaMoonnoun ● ā-stem
лъвlъvlionnoun ● o-stemCS lьvъ
лъгамlъgamlieverb ● e-verb
лъжаlъžalienoun ● jā-stem
лъжа (2)lъža (2)lieverb ● e-verb
лъженlъžendeceitfuladjective ● hard stemCS lьžьnъ
лъжецlъžecliarnoun ● jo-stem
лъживlъživdeceitfuladjective ● hard stem
лъжовенlъžovenfalseadjective ● hard stem
лъкlъkbownoun ● monosyllabicCS lǫkъ
лъстlъstdeceptionnoun ● i-stemCS lьstь
лъстивlъstivdeceptiveadjective ● hard stem
лъстяlъstjadeceiveverb ● i-verb
лъчlъčraynoun ● monosyllabicCS lučь (jo-stem)
лъчаlъčapart waysverb ● i-verbCS lǫčiti
любезенljubezenlovelyadjective ● hard stemCS ljubьznъ
любимецljubimecbeloved onenoun ● jo-stem
любоljuboanyadverb ● hard stemCS; usually together with a pronoun, e.g. čto ljubo 'anything'.
любовljubovlovenoun ● ū-stem
любовникljubovniklovernoun ● o-stem
любодѣленъljubodělendiligentadjective ● hard stemCS; Miklosich: ljubodělьnъ 'laboris amans'
любодѣꙗниеljubodějanieadulterynoun ● jo-stemCS
люботроудьнѣljubotrudnědiligentlyadverb ● CS
любьзноljubeznolovinglyadverb ●
любяljubjaloveverb ● i-verb
людиеljudiepeoplenoun ● i-stemCS pl.nom ljudie, pl.acc ljudi - sometimes distinguished by Punčo too! The current standard BG form is unclear (BAN III 577: ljudi, rechnik.chitanka: ljude).
люлкаljulkacribnoun ● ā-stem
люлкамljulkamcribverb ● a-verb
лютljutfierceadjective ● hard stem
лютостljutostfiercenessnoun ● i-stem
лявlěvleftadjective ● hard stem
лягамljagamlayverb ● a-verbCS lěgati (e-verb)
ляганеljaganelaying downnoun ● jo-stemCS lěganie
лятоlětosummer, yearnoun ● o-stem
лятописецlětopisechistoriannoun ● jo-stemPunčo: pl. léto_píxci
лѣпlěpbeautifuladjective ● hard stemCS
лѣпоlěpobeautifullyadverb ● CS
лѣпотаlěpotabeautynoun ● ā-stemCS
лѣтатиlětatiflyverb ● e-verbCS; iterative variant of letěti.
ЛѧтомещрицаLętomeštricaClytenmestranoun ● jā-stem
лѫгъlǫgъgrovenoun ● o-stemCS
магареmagaredonkeynoun ● jo-stem
магесникmagesnikmage, sorcerernoun ● o-stem
магесницаmagesnicasorceressnoun ● jā-stem
МагнентийMagnentiiMagnentiusnoun ● new i-stem
магяmagiamagicnoun ● jā-stem
маджареmadžareHungarians, Magyarsnoun ● jo-stemPunčo uses the ethno-stem plural maџare (or with -i), but the singular form is not attested.
маджарскиmadžarskiHungarian, Magyaradjective ● hard stem
МадитMaditMadytosnoun ● o-stemThe site of a bishopric held by St. Petka's brother Euthymius. Called Madis by Ptolemy, now part of modern Eceabat on the Gallipoli Peninsula.
мадямскиmadiamskiof Madiamadjective ● hard stemOr Midian. wiki
маздракmazdrakbladenoun ● o-stemUnclear, denotes something sharp, mentioned e.g. here. If related to OCS męzdra (rus. mjazdra), it could mean a 'skinning knife'.
майкаmaikamothernoun ● ā-stem
майкинmaikinmother'sadjective ● hard stem
майсторmaistormaster (of a craft)noun ● o-stemPunčo uses both maistore and maistori as plural forms.
майсторияmaistorijamasterynoun ● jā-stem
макарmakaralthough, evenparticle ● RBE: link
МакарийMakariiMakariosnoun ● new i-stem
МакедонMakedonMacedonianoun ● o-stem
македонскиmakedonskiMacedonianadjective ● hard stem
МаксентииMaksentiiMaxentiusnoun ● new i-stemAn emperor of Rome, son of Maximian. Ruled in Italy and North Africa in 306-312, until he was defeated by Constantine the Great.
МаксимианMaksimianMaximiannoun ● o-stemAn emperor of Rome, ruling together with Diocletian in 286-305.
МаксимиановMaksimianovof Maximianadjective ● hard stem
максулmaksulagricultural productnoun ● o-stemBAN III 622: maksul 'domašno selskostopansko proizvodstvo', < tr. mahsul
малmalsmalladjective ● hard stem
МалелейлMaleleilMahalalelnoun ● A biblical patriarch (5th gen.)
малкоmalkovery littleadverb ●
малоmaloa littleadverb ●
малодушиеmalodušielow spiritnoun ● jo-stemCS
маломощенmalomoštenleperadjective ● hard stem
малъкmalъklittleadjective ● hard stem
манастирmanastirmonasterynoun ● jo-stemPunčo prefers o in root, as in CS monastyrь (e.g. 32x vs 7x with a in chapters 011/012).
манастирскиmanastirskiof a monasteryadjective ● hard stem
маннаmannamannanoun ● The name given by Israelites to the "heavenly bread" sent by God (Ex 16:31).
МануилManuilManuelnoun ● o-stem
маргаритmargaritpearlsnoun ● o-stem
МарияMariaMarynoun ● jā-stem
МаркоMarkoMarknoun ● o-stem
МартаMartaMarthanoun ● ā-stem
мартурисатиmarturisatitestifyverb ● e-verbA damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.A damaskini term - BAN III 674: martorisvam, martourisati 'svidetelstvuvam' < ngr. aor. martѵrisō (an a-verb). Miklosich: martourisati 'testari'.
мартурияmarturijaevidence, testimonynoun ● jā-stemDemina et al. 2012:463 - marturija 'svidetelstvo, dokazatelstvo'
маскараmaskarajokingnoun ● ā-stemrechnik.chitanka: maskara 'čovek, koito predizvikva podigravki; bezobraznik, bezsramnik'
масленmaslenoilyadjective ● hard stemCommonly used in phrase masleno dъrvo 'olive tree'.
масленникmaslennikoil bottlenoun ● o-stem
масличенmasličenof olivesadjective ● hard stem
маслоmaslooilnoun ● o-stem
мастилоmastiloinknoun ● o-stem
МатейMateiMatthewnoun ● jo-stem
матеренmaterenmother'sadjective ● hard stem
матиmatimothernoun ● r-stemCS
МатусалMatusalMethuselahnoun ● o-stemA biblical patriarch (8th gen.)
махалаmaxalasettlementnoun ● ā-stem
махамmaxamremove, waveverb ● a-verb
маханаmaxanalacknoun ● ā-stemBAN III 693: maxana 'nedostatъk', < tr. mahana, behane 'povod, izgovor'
махнаmaxnaremove, waveverb ● e-verb
махрамаmaxramaveilnoun ● ā-stemRBE: link
маяmajabe confusedverb ● e-verbUsually reflexive: maja se
мегданmegdansquare (in a city)noun ● o-stemCarski: mighdana+t
медmedhoneynoun ● monosyllabicA u-stem in CS.
мед (2)mědcoppernoun ● i-stemAlthough the jat is not reflected in BG, the CS lemma (actually mědь) is used to distinguish it from med 'honey' (< mědъ).
меденmedenof honeyadjective ● hard stem
меден (2)mědenof copperadjective ● hard stem
междуmeždubetweenpreposition ● with inst
мелнишкиmelniškiof Melnikadjective ● hard stem
МелхиевMelxievof Milcahadjective ● hard stemMilcah (CS Melьxa) was the wife of Abraham's brother Nahor and the grandmother of Rebecca (Gen 11:29) - the name is feminine. Punčo uses the ov-suffix possibly because of misinterpretation of synu melxi 'son of Milcah' in Gen 24:15.
МенелаушMenelaušMenelausnoun ● jo-stem
МенелаушевMenelauševof Menelausadjective ● hard stem
мензилmenzilpostnoun ● uninflectedRBE: link
менувамmenuvamtradeverb ● a-verbRBE: link.
мертикосвамmertikosvammeasureverb ● a-verbBAN III 750: mertikosvam 'merja, razmervam' (Kulsko), < SC mertik 'measure' (noun) < HU mertek < sl. *měriti
месецmesecmoon, monthnoun ● jo-stemCS měsęcь
месоmesomeatnoun ● o-stem
МесопотамияMesopotamijaMesopotamianoun ● jā-stemCommonly corrupted, e.g. sg.acc u potamiju (Punčo), u mestopotameju (Tale, Veles version).
метаниеmetanierepentancenoun ● jo-stemCS also has f.sg metania (< gr. metanoia also with a broader meaning 'spiritual conversion'), but the n.sg form is more common in our sources, denoting the act of full bowing in prayer.
метнаmetnathrowverb ● e-verbCS metnǫti
метнувамmetnuvamthrowverb ● a-verb
МетодийMetodiiMethodiusnoun ● new i-stem
метохmetoxmonastery groundnoun ● jo-stemBAN III 771: metox 'klon ot manastir v naseleno mjasto', < gr. metoxion
МехмедMexmedMehmednoun ● o-stem
мечmečswordnoun ● jo-stemCS mьčь. The CS spelling is also preferred by Punčo. Miklosich prefers mьčь, but -е- is common in the root too already in oldest sources. The Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael prefers mačь.
меченъmečеnъof swordadjective ● hard stemLegend of Troy: mečnymi glavami 'with pommels' (lit. 'sword-heads'). Lemma based on BAN (III 775).
мечкаmečkabearnoun ● ā-stem
мечтаниеmečtaniedreamingnoun ● jo-stemCS
мешецmešecpursenoun ● jo-stemCS měšьcь
мигновениеmignoveniemomentnoun ● jo-stem
миеmiewepronoun ● A dialectal variant of nie.
МизияMizijaMoesianoun ● jā-stemAlso Misija in CS.
милmilniceadjective ● hard stem
милаmilamercynoun ● ā-stemCarski's word. Mauricio: Mila 'compassione'
милионmilionmillionnoun ● o-stem
милияmilijamilenoun ● jā-stemCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
милостmilostmercynoun ● i-stem
милостивmilostivmercifuladjective ● hard stem
милостивоmilostivomercifulyadverb ●
милостиняmilostinjaalmsnoun ● jā-stem
милосърденmilosъrdenmercifuladjective ● hard stem
милосърдиеmilosъrdiemercynoun ● jo-stemCS milosrъdie
милувамmiluvamlove, be mercifulverb ● a-verb
мимоmimoawaypreposition ● with accCS
мимоитиmimoitipassverb ● e-verbCS
мимотещиmimoteštipassverb ● e-verbCS
МинаMinaMenasnoun ● ā-stem
минаminapassverb ● e-verb
минувамminuvampassverb ● a-verb
МинѣрваMiněrvaMinervanoun ● ā-stem
мирmirworld, peacenoun ● o-stemCS
миренmirenpeacefuladjective ● hard stem
миризливmirizlivaromaticadjective ● hard stem
миризмаmirizmascentnoun ● ā-stem
миришаmirišasmellverb ● i-verb
мирияmirijagovernornoun ● new i-stemBAN IV 117: mirija 'carski, dъržaven imot; danъk', < tr./per. mīrī< 'kojto se otnasja kъm dъržavno sъkrovište, dъržaven' < per. mīr 'glava, komendant, princ'.
Punčo uses the term for an office of the state administration.
мирненmirnenscentedadjective ● hard stem
мирноmirnopeacefullyadverb ●
мироmiroscentnoun ● o-stemBAN IV 117: miro 'blagovonno maslo', < mgr. mѵron. Attested also as ā-stem mira in CS.
мирскиmirskiwordlyadjective ● hard stem
мирянинmirjaninlaymannoun ● ethno-stem
мисаmisamassnoun ● ā-stemCarski's word. Plurals show both ā- (Missi) and jā-stem (Misse) endings. Mauricio: Missa 'messa'. In BAN IV 122 misa (3) 'liturgija', the lemma is considered to have been borrowed from SC in Banat anew. The form with -i- in root was likely common among Paulicians in BG like Carski, who may have known it from Croatia, too.
мисляmisljathinkverb ● i-verb
мисълmisъlthought, mindnoun ● i-stem
митарmitartax collectornoun ● jo-stem
митиленскиmitilenskiof Mytileneadjective ● hard stem
митоmitotax, farenoun ● o-stem
митрополитmitropolitmetropolitenoun ● o-stem
МихайлMixailMichaelnoun ● o-stem
МихайловMixailovMichael'sadjective ● hard stem
МихейMixeiMicahnoun ● new i-stem
мишцаmišcamuscle, armnoun ● jā-stemCS myšьca. Also appears with -k- in Punčo (da go zemešь podь míš͛ku).
мияmijawashverb ● e-verb
младmladyoungadjective ● hard stem
младенецmladenecbabynoun ● jo-stemCS; Punčo also seems to use the pl. form mladenci for 'married couple'.
младенчеmladenčebabynoun ● nt-stem
младицаmladicagirlnoun ● jā-stemCS
младостmladostyouthnoun ● i-stem
млогоmlogomuchadverb ● A dialectal variant of mnogo (cf. BAN IV 170, 183).
млогоцененmlogocenenpreciousadjective ● hard stem
млъниеmlъniethunderstormnoun ● jo-stemCS (Miklosich: mlъnii 'fulgur')
млякоmlěkomilknoun ● o-stem
многmnognumerousadjective ● pronominal hard stemCS
многаждиmnogaždimany timesadverb ● CS mъnoga šьdi lit. 'by many goings'. Etymology unclear (ESSJ 282).
многоmnogomuchadverb ●
многолетенmnogoletenworthy of many yearsadjective ● hard stem
многолѣпьнъmnogolěpьnvery beautifuladjective ● hard stemCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
многообразенmnogoobrazenhaving various appearancesadjective ● hard stem
многоочитmnogoočitmany-eyedadjective ● hard stemAn epithet of the angelic order of seraphim. Commonly written with the character ꙮ.
многоцененmnogocenenpreciousadjective ● hard stem
многочьстьнъmnogočьstьnъrespectable, пуреadjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy. In the phrase mnogočestnaa rouxa cited by Miklosich, the adjective could also reflect mnogočęstьnъ 'polymerēs, multas partes habens' (i.e. 'of many fabrics').
множествоmnožestvomultitudenoun ● o-stemCS množьstvo
множицеѭmnožicejǫmany timesadverb ● CS; see Duridanov et al. 1991:323 for the morphological analysis.
мнозинаmnozinamanynoun ● ā-stem
МоавMoavMoabnoun ● o-stem
могаmogacanverb ● e-verbIf used as an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235).
мойmoimyadjective ● pronominal soft stem
МойсейMoiseiMosesnoun ● new i-stem
МокрешMokrešMokrešnoun ● jo-stemPunčo's home village.
мокърmokъrwetadjective ● hard stem
молбаmolbaprayernoun ● ā-stem
молдавскиmoldavskiof Moldovaadjective ● hard stem
МолдовлахияMoldovlaxiaMoldowallachianoun ● jā-stemCommon name for Moldova in medieval sources.
молебницаmolebnicapraying womannoun ● jā-stemRBE: link
молениеmolenieprayingnoun ● jo-stem
молитваmolitvaprayernoun ● ā-stem
молитвеникmolitvenikprayer booknoun ●
моляmoljaprayverb ● i-verb
момаmomagirlnoun ● ā-stem
момчеmomčeboynoun ● nt-stem
момъкmomъkboynoun ● o-stem
монахmonaxmonknoun ● o-stem
монашескиmonašeskimonasticadjective ● hard stem
морmorplaguenoun ● monosyllabic
мореmoreseanoun ● jo-stem
морскиmorskiof seaadjective ● hard stem
моряmorjakillverb ● i-verb
москалmoskalMuscovitenoun ● jo-stem
МоскваMoskvaMoscownoun ● ā-stemOr a hydronym.
московецmoskovecMuscovitenoun ● jo-stem
МосковияMoskovijaMuscovynoun ● jā-stem
московскиmoskovskiMuscoviteadjective ● hard stem
МосхосMosxosMeshechnoun ● o-stemPaisius' (and Punčo's) spelling of CS Mosoxъ (Gen 10:2), whom he considered the forefather of Slavic peoples.
мощmoštpowernoun ● i-stem
мощенmoštenpowerfuladjective ● hard stem
мощиmoštirelicsnoun ● i-stem
мощноmoštnopossiblyadverb ● CS
мразmrazfrostnoun ● o-stem
мразяmrazjahateverb ● i-verb
мракmrakcloud, twilightnoun ● o-stem
мраморmramormortar (stone)noun ● o-stem
мраморенmramorenof mortaradjective ● hard stem
мраморовmramorovof mortaradjective ● hard stem
мраченmračencloudy, darkadjective ● hard stem
мрежаmrežanetworknoun ● jā-stem
мръсенmrъsenfilthyadjective ● hard stem
мужскиmužskimaleadjective ● hard stemA dialectal variant of mъžki (or CS mǫžьskъ) - used when the /s/ is written.
МурадMuradMuradnoun ● o-stemPunčo: Muratь, dep.form Murata
муртатmurtatbetrayernoun ● jo-stemCarski: pl. murtate. Nişanyan: mürted < ar. murtadd 'dönen (one who converted?), özellikle dinden dönen'
муртатлъкmurtatlъkbetrayalnoun ● o-stemCarski: murtatlak. Google: az. mürtədlik 'apostasy'
мушафереmušafereadvicenoun ● uninflectedCarski: na miuscefere. The phrase could mean 'for an advice' (BAN IV 365: mušafere 'razmisljane, sgovor za nešto' < tr. müşavere < ar. mušāwara), but perhaps also '(to invite) as guests' (Mauricio: Musafir 'ospite', BAN IV 338: musafir[in] 'gost' < tr. müsafir < ar. musafir; like BG na gosti).
мушицаmušicalittle flynoun ● jā-stem
мъглаmъglamistnoun ● ā-stemCS mьgla
мъгловениеmъgloveniefognoun ● jo-stemCS
мъдрецmъdrecsagenoun ● o-stemCS mǫdrьcь - a jo-stem.
мъдростmъdrostwisdomnoun ● i-stem
мъдърmъdъrwiseadjective ● hard stem
мъжmъžmannoun ● jo-stemCS mǫžь, pl.nom both mǫži and mǫžie, taken from old i-stems. Punčo uses mužie.
мъжеложецmъželožechomosexual (male)noun ● CS; Miklosich: mǫželožьcь 'cum maribus concumbens'
мъжественоmъžestvenomanlyadverb ●
мъжествоmъžestvocouragenoun ● o-stem
мъжкиmъžkimalenoun ●
мъздаmъzdarewardnoun ● ā-stemCS
мъкаmъkatormentnoun ● ā-stemCS mǫka, also used by Punčo for 'hell'.
мълваmъlvaturmoil, chatternoun ● ā-stemCS
мълкомmъlkomsilentlyadverb ● The adverbial instrumental is attested also in CS molkomъ.
мълчаmъlčabe silentverb ● i-verb
мъмряmъmrjascold, rebukeverb ● i-verbCarski's word. Mauricio: Mamrene 'rimprovero'
мъничъкmъničъktinyadjective ● hard stem
мързаmъrzaslothnoun ● ā-stem
мъртвецmъrtveccorpse (human)noun ● jo-stem
мъртъвmъrtъvdeadadjective ● hard stem
мършаmъršacorpsenoun ● jā-stem
мършавmъršavdry, miserableadjective ● hard stem
мъскаmъskamulenoun ● ā-stem
мътенmъtenstirredadjective ● hard stem
мътноmъtnobeing stirredadverb ●
мъчаmъčatortureverb ● i-verbCS mǫčiti
мъчениеmъčenietorturenoun ● jo-stem
мъченикmъčenikmartyrnoun ● o-stem
мъченицаmъčenicamartyr (female)noun ● jā-stem
мъченическиmъčeničeskiof martyrsadjective ● hard stem
мъчителmъčiteltormentornoun ●
мъчноmъčnohardlyadverb ●
мыmywepronoun ● CS
мысльнmyslьnthoughtadjective ● hard stemCS
мьнеmьnelessadverb ● comparativeCS
мьнечкиmьnečkivery smalladjective ● hard stem
мьнииmьniiless, smalleradjective ● soft stemCS
мьнѣтиmьnětithink, expect, seemverb ● i-verbCS
мьшаmьšamassnoun ● jā-stemA Latin word (borrowed likely with a Germanic pronounciation), used in Kiev folia. Later loaned again as misa from Latin or Croatian (see above) and mesa from Italian or later German.
мющерияmjušterijaclientnoun ● new i-stem
мяраměrameasurenoun ● ā-stemBAN III 741: mera 1. 'mjarka', 'sъd, sъdъržašt okolo dva litra' (JuZ, Mъrvaško)
мястоměstoplacenoun ● o-stem
мятамmětamthrowverb ● a-verb
мяхměxsacknoun ● monosyllabic
мѫкаmǫkaflournoun ● ā-stemCS
наnaon, to, forpreposition ● with acc (lative) or loc (locative)
набеляnabeljableachverb ● i-verb
набераnaberatakeverb ● e-verb
набияnabijanail, chargeverb ● e-verb
набодаnabodathrustverb ● e-verb
наведаnavedalead toverb ● e-verb
навеждамnaveždamleanverb ● a-verb
навивамnavivamdefeat, exceedverb ● a-verb
навикнаnaviknaget used toverb ● e-verb
навикновениеnaviknoveniehabitnoun ● jo-stem
НавинNavinof Naueadjective ● hard stemNaue or Nun was the father of Joshua, the successor of Moses.
навияnavijadefeat, exceedverb ● e-verb
навръхnavrъxto the topadverb ●
НавуходоносорNavuxodonosorNabuchadnezzarnoun ● o-stem
навършаnavъršareachverb ● i-verb
нагледвамnagledvamwatch oververb ● a-verb
наговоряnagovorjaconvinceverb ● i-verb
нагореnagoreupwardadverb ●
надnadoverpreposition ● with acc (lative) or loc (locative)
надвивамnadvivamdefeatverb ● a-verb
надвияnadvijadefeatverb ● e-verbObject usually in dative (e.g. crь mu nadvi 'the emperor defeated him').
надворnadvoroutsideadverb ●
надделяnaddeljaconquerverb ● i-verb
надеждаnadeždahopenoun ● jā-stemCS nadežda
надежденnadeždenhopefuladjective ● hard stem
надеяnadejahopeverb ● e-verbCS naděja sę. Punčo often uses the contracted spelling nadam (actually an a-verb).
надиграяnadigrajawinverb ● e-verb
надолуnadoludownwardadverb ●
надписвамnadpisvamoutdrawverb ● a-verb
надпишаnadpišaoutdrawverb ● e-verb
надфърляnadfъrljathrow fartherverb ● i-verb
надявамnadjavamhopeverb ● e-verbBG nadjavam se
надяванеnadjavanehopenoun ● jo-stemCarski: nadevane. Mauricio: Ninadevane 'disperazione'
наедноnaednotogetheradverb ●
нажежаnažežaheat upverb ● e-verb
назадnazadbackwardadverb ●
НазаретNazaretNazarethnoun ● o-stem
називамnazivamcall, proclaimverb ● a-verb
назиратиnaziratiobserveverb ● e-verbCS
найnai(superlative particle)particle ● comparative
найдаnaidafindverb ● e-verb
накажаnakažapunish, teachverb ● e-verbMiklosich: nakazati 'sōfronizein, castigare; paideuein, instituere; paidagōgein, erudire'. In modern BG, only the meaning 'punish' seems to remain productive.
наказаниеnakazaniepunishmentnoun ● jo-stem
наказателенnakazatelenpunishing, teachingadjective ● hard stem
накарвамnakarvamcompelverb ● a-verb
накладаnakladaprepare a bonfireverb ● e-verb
наклеветяnaklevetjaslanderverb ● i-verb
накупувамnakupuvambuyverb ● a-verb
накърмяnakъrmjafeedverb ● i-verb
налеяnalejapour inverb ● e-verb
налиnali(question particle)particle ●
наложаnaložaput on a pileverb ● i-verb
намажаnamažasmearverb ● e-verb
намеряnamerjafindverb ● i-verb
наместникnamestnikdeputynoun ● o-stemPunčo: namesnikь
намигвамnamigvamblinkverb ● a-verb
намигливnamiglivsuggestiveadjective ● hard stemUnclear, CS? 'Suggesting a sin'?
намисляnamisljaconceive a planverb ● i-verb
намястоnaměstoinsteadpreposition ● with gen
наоръжяnaorъžjatake armsverb ● i-verb
наостряnaostrjasharpenverb ● i-verb
нападамnapadamattackverb ● a-verb
нападениеnapadenieattacknoun ● jo-stem
нападнаnapadnaattack, fall onverb ● e-verb
напаляnapaljaigniteverb ● i-verb
напасаnapasabring to grazeverb ● e-verb
напастnapastmisfortunenoun ● i-stemCS
напастиnapastiattackverb ● e-verbCS. See pasti.
напечатамnapečatamprintverb ● i-verb
написвамnapisvamwriteverb ● a-verb
напишаnapišawriteverb ● e-verb
напияnapijadrinkverb ● e-verb
наплодяnaplodjamultiply by birthverb ● i-verb
напоконnapokonfinallyadverb ●
напояnapojagive drinkverb ● i-verb
направаnapravawork, productnoun ● ā-stem
направлятиnapravljatidirectverb ● e-verbCS
направяnapravjamakeverb ● i-verb
напрасноnaprasnosuddenlyadverb ● CS
напрашаnaprašadustverb ● i-verb
напрегнаnapregnastretchverb ● e-verb
напредnapredforwardadverb ●
напустяnapustjaleaveverb ● i-verb
напълняnapъlnjafillverb ● i-verb
нараждамnaraždamgive birthverb ● a-verb
наредяnaredjaput in orderverb ● i-verb
нареждамnareždamcommand, sayverb ● a-verb
нарекnarekcrynoun ● o-stem
нарекаnarekacallverb ● e-verb
наричамnaričamcallverb ● a-verb
народnarodnationnoun ● o-stem
нарокnaroksakenoun ● o-stemCS
нарочитnaročitspecificadjective ● hard stemCS
насадяnasadjaplant, put onverb ● i-verbCS nasaditi, 1sg.prs nasaždǫ, 2sg nasadiši
насахатnasaxatadvicenoun ● uninflectedCarski: nasahat. BAN IV 520: nasaxat (1) 'sъvet' < tr. nasiha (Nisanyan: < ar. nasīḥa 'öğüt verme')
населяnaseljasettleverb ● i-verb
насеяnasejasowverb ● e-verb
насилвамnasilvamforce, violateverb ● a-verb
насилиеnasilieviolencenoun ● jo-stem
насилникnasilnikviolatornoun ● o-stem
насилствоnasilstvoviolencenoun ● jo-stemCS
насиляnasiljaforce, violateverb ● i-verb
насипаnasipapourverb ● e-verb
наситствоnasitstvosatisfactionnoun ● o-stemCS *nasytьstvo? Comes in phrase koi ne+ma nasitъstvo sasъ bludnoe mrъsno dejanie 'who does not have enough of impure adultery'.
наситяnasitjasatiateverb ● i-verb
насищамnasištamsatiateverb ● a-verb
насищанеnasištanesatisfactionnoun ● jo-stemCS nasyštanie (or also nasištenie, spelled thus by Punčo)
наскокнаnaskoknaattackverb ● e-verbCarski: zbra jedin hubav asker od Soltate pusatlie ... ta naskokna Grada+t, deto besce one Duca
наскръжитиnaskrъžitignawverb ● i-verbCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. Likely related to skrъžьtati 'bryxein, stridere'.
насладяnasladjaenjoyverb ● i-verb
наслаждамnaslaždamenjoyverb ● a-verb
наслаждениеnaslaždenieenjoyingnoun ● jo-stemCS
наследницаnaslednicafemale followernoun ● jā-stem
наследяnasledjainheritverb ● i-verb
насрещаnasreštatowards, againstadverb ● Also possible to analyze as two words (na+ srešta).
наставникnastavnikadvisornoun ● o-stem
наставницаnastavnicaadvisor (fem.)noun ● jā-stem
наставяnastavjaset upverb ● i-verb
настанаnastanastand upverb ● e-verb
настлатиnastlatiprepare a bedverb ● e-verbCS
настойникnastoiniksponsor, guardian, ministernoun ● o-stemThe meaning 'sponsor, guardian' are from CS. Punčo uses the word to translate various ranks denoting a 'royal officer' (e.g. stroitelь domu in 3 Kings 18:3).
настоятелnastojateloverseernoun ● jo-stemCS
настрижаnastrižacut hairverb ● e-verb
настъпяnastъpjastep onverb ● i-verb
натафраnatafradecorate (oneself)verb ● i-verb
натоваряnatovarjaput a burdenverb ● i-verb
натуряnaturjaput onverb ● i-verb
натъкмяnatъkmjastrengthenverb ● i-verb
натъкнаnatъknastickverb ● e-verb
наукаnaukateachingnoun ● ā-stem
научаnaučateach, learnverb ● i-verb
нафащамnafaštamhopeverb ● a-verbBG naxvaštam se
нафилеnafilein vainadverb ● Carski: nafele. Mauricio: Na file 'invano'. BAN IV 565: nafile 'naprazno' < tr. nafile 'bezpolezno, naprazno' < ar. nāfila
нафораnaforahostnoun ● ā-stemCS (Miklosich: nafora 'anaphora, hostia')
находяnaxodjafind, be presentverb ● i-verb
НахорNaxorNahornoun ● o-stemBoth a proper name and toponym: brother of Abraham, who founded a city and named it after himself.
нахраняnaxranjafeedverb ● i-verb
началенnačalenforemostadjective ● hard stem
началоnačalobeginningnoun ● o-stem
началствоnačalstvochiefdomnoun ● o-stem
начелникnačelnikchieftainnoun ●
начинаниеnačinanieactions, conductnoun ● jo-stem
начиняnačinjabegin, upgradeverb ● i-verbRBE: link. The second meaning seems to be Paisius' own.
начнаnačnabeginverb ● e-verbCS načęti. If used as an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
начървяnačъrvjamake redverb ● i-verb
нашnašouradjective ● pronominal soft stem
наꙗздитиnajazditiride on, attackverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
неneno, notparticle ●
небеnebeheaven, skynoun ● s-stemCS nebo. Later CS sources commonly show locative forms, but not so much the OCS na nebese (or pl. -esьxъ), as nebesi (jo-stem sg.) or nebesěxъ (o-stem pl.), which are found in Punčo's text too. O-stem forms like sg.dat nbu are also common.
небесенnebesenof heaven, skyadjective ● hard stem
небескиnebeskiof heaven, skyadjective ● hard stem
неверникnevernikunbelievernoun ● o-stem
невестаnevestabridenoun ● ā-stem
невестинnevestinof a brideadjective ● hard stem
неволяnevoljamisfortunenoun ● jā-stem
НевротNevrotNimrodnoun ● o-stemCS Nevrodъ
невъздержаниеnevъzderžanieintemperancenoun ● jo-stemCS
невѣрьствоnevěrьstvodisloyaltynoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
неглиneglithanconjunction ● RBE: link. Also spelled negoli by Punčo. In CS, negъli can be used also with the meaning 'perhaps'.
неговnegovhisadjective ● hard stem
НедаNedaNedanoun ● ā-stem
неделенnedelenof Sundayadjective ● hard stem
неделяnedeljaSundaynoun ● jā-stem
недоговорnedogovordisagreementnoun ● o-stem
недостойнствоnedostoinstvounworthinessnoun ● o-stemCS
недуженneduženilladjective ● hard stemcf. Demina et al. 2012:549
недъгnedъgillnessnoun ● o-stemCS nedǫgъ
нежелиneželithanconjunction ● BAN IV 600: neže, neželi 'otkolkoto, vmesto' (CS?)
незваниеnezvanieuninvitednessnoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
незлобаnezlobainnocencenoun ● ā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
незлобиеnezlobieinnocencenoun ● jo-stemCS
неинneinheradjective ● hard stemPunčo uses commonly the forms noin and noen.
некаnekaletparticle ●
неколцинаnekolcinasome peoplenoun ● ā-stem
некътоněkъtosomeonepronoun ● CS
нелоnelobecause, butconjunction ● BAN IV 608: nelo 'no'
НеманиевNemanjevof Nemanjaadjective ● hard stem
НеманяNemanjaNemanjanoun ● jā-stem
немилостивникnemilostivnikmerciless onenoun ● o-stem
немощnemoštweaknessnoun ● i-stem
немощенnemoštenill, weakadjective ● hard stem
немскиnemskiGermanadjective ● hard stemAlso includes variants like němьčьskyi (CS), nemъcki, nemečki (Paisius) etc.
ненавидостnenavidosthatenoun ● i-stemCarski: ninavidos
ненавидяnenavidjahate, dislikeverb ● i-verb
ненавистnenavisthatenoun ● i-stem
ненавистенnenavistenhatefuladjective ● hard stem
ненавистникnenavistnikhaternoun ● o-stem
неотстѫпьноneotstǫpьnostaunchlyadverb ● CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
НеофитNeofitNeophytenoun ● o-stem
неправдаnepravdainjusticenoun ● ā-stemMiklosich: nepravьda 'adikia, adikēma, iniustitia, iniuria'
непрестаненneprestanenceaselessadjective ● hard stemDerivate of prestana (CS prěstati). Appears negated in dictionaries too.
непрестанноneprestannoceaselesslyadverb ●
неприязненneprijaznenhostile, evil, devilishadjective ● hard stem
неприятелneprijatelenemynoun ● jo-stemCS
НептенабоушNeptenabušNeptunenoun ● jo-stem
нерадениеneradenienot workingnoun ● jo-stem
НерополNeropolNeropolisnoun ● Actually Hierapolis (CS Ieropolъ) in Phrygia (today Turkey).
нестиnesticarryverb ● e-verbCS
НесторNestorNestornoun ● o-stem
несъгласиеnesъglasiedisagreementnoun ● jo-stem
несъмысльнникnesъmyslьnnikfoolnoun ● o-stem
несъмышлениеnesъmyšleniefollynoun ● jo-stemCS; Miklosich: nesъmyšljenie 'anoia, dementia'
нехаяnexajado nothing, ignoreverb ● e-verbEtymologically, a negation of xaja (cf. BAN IV 631).
нехелnexelmaladynoun ● o-stemBAN IV 628, 631: nexel 'nedobăr' < nefel 'loš, nedăgav, grozen' (Rakitovo, Velingradsko, Buinovo, Devinsko) < gr. anofelēs 'bezpolezen'
нечестивnečestivungodlyadjective ● hard stemCS nečьstivъ
нечистnečistimpureadjective ● hard stem
нечистотаnečistotaimpuritynoun ● ā-stem
нещоneštosomethingpronoun ● CS něčьto
ниninorconjunction ●
ниваnivafield, acrenoun ● ā-stem
нигдеnigdenowherepronoun ●
ниеniewepronoun ● Annotation reflects the following schema: nas Pp1-pg, nam Pp1-pd, ni Pp1-pa
нижеniženorconjunction ● CS
нижьнъnižьnъlowlyadjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
низnizunderpreposition ● with acc (lative only!)
низлагатиnizlagatidefeatverb ● e-verbCS
низулѣганиеnizulěganielaying downnoun ● jo-stemCS
никакnikakin no waypronoun ●
никаквоnikakvonothingpronoun ● Handled as A, if used adnominally.
никакожеnikakožein no waypronoun ● CS
никакъвnikakъvnoneadjective ● hard stemAn adjectival pronoun.
НикифорNikiforNicephorusnoun ● Byzantine emperor (ruling 802-811), famous in Bulgaria for expanding Khan Krum's tableware.
НикифоровNikiforovof Nicephorusadjective ●
никогаnikoganeverpronoun ●
никогдаnikogdaneverpronoun ● CS
никогиnikogineverpronoun ●
НикодимNikodimNicodemusnoun ● A Pharisee, who became a follower of Jesus (e.g. in Jn 3:1)
никойnikoinobody, nonepronoun ● Handled as A, if used adnominally. CS nikъtože is handled as a separate lemma.
НиколаNikolaNicholasnoun ● ā-stem
НиколайNikolaiNicholasnoun ● CS
НикомидияNikomidijaNicomedianoun ● jā-stem
НикополNikopolNicopolisnoun ● jo-stem
никътожеnikъtoženobody, nonepronoun ● CS
нитиnitineitherconjunction ● Dialectal variant of nito (cf. BAN IV 656).
нитоnitoneitherconjunction ●
нихенnixentheiradjective ● hard stemdialectal variant of těxen (cf. BAN IV 657)
ницьnicьforwardadverb ● CS. The form nica is also attested, possibly going back to sg.gen (or old instrumental). See BAN IV 659 for details.
ничьтожеničьtoženothingpronoun ● CS
нишкиniškiof Naissusadjective ● hard stem
нищništpooradjective ● soft stem
нищелюбивništeljubivloving the pooradjective ● hard stemMiklosich: ništeljubivъ 'philoptōkhos, mendicorum amans'
нищетаništetamiserynoun ● ā-stem
нищоništonothingpronoun ● BG
ноnobutconjunction ● CS , no, or also .
новnovnewadjective ● hard stem
ногаnogalegnoun ● ā-stemForms noge or noze are tagged as duals (Nfdnn)
НоевNoevNoah'sadjective ● hard stem
ноемвриnoemvriNovembernoun ● new i-stem
ножnožknifenoun ● monosyllabicCS nožь was originally a jo-stem, modern BG uses the monosyllabic pl. form nožove. In Legend of Troy, we have a pl.inst noževy. Punčo uses a similarly palatalized pl. form noževe.
ноженnoženof legadjective ● hard stem
ножлеnožlesmall knifenoun ● nt-stem
ножленцеnožlencesmall knifenoun ● nt-stem
НоинNoinNoah'sadjective ● hard stemBased on the name Noi 'Noah' - f.3sg form noin is lemmatized as nein.
НойNoiNoahnoun ● new i-stemPunčo uses two forms in subject positions: Noja, on the model of other new i-stems, and the CS form Noe (tagged Nmsvy). Possessive form noinь (besides noevь ) hints at possible interpretation of the word as an ā-stem.
нокътnokъtnailnoun ● o-stem
носnosnosenoun ● monosyllabic
носяnosjacarryverb ● i-verb
нощnoštnightnoun ● i-stem
нощескаnošteskaby nightadverb ● BAN IV 698: nošteska 'noštes' < noštes (< *naktь+sь) + ka
нощувамnoštuvamspend nightverb ● a-verb
нравnravmoral, customnoun ● o-stemCS
нудяnudjaprepareverb ● i-verbBAN IV 700: nudja se 'tăkmja se, vărtja se' (Krăvenik, Sevliensko), 'bavno se prigotvjam' (Elensko)
нуждаnuždaneednoun ● jā-stem
нуженnuženneedyadjective ● hard stem
нужноnužnoin needadverb ● CS
ныняnyněnowadverb ● CS
нынѣшьньnyněšьnьcontemporaryadjective ● hard stemCS
нягдеněgdesomewherepronoun ●
някакněkaksomehowpronoun ● CS někako
някаквоněkakvosomethingpronoun ●
някогаněkogasometimespronoun ●
някойněkoisomeonepronoun ● Handled as A, if used adnominally (e.g. někoi člkь).
няколкоněkolkosomepronoun ●
някъдеněkъdesomewherepronoun ●
нямněmmuteadjective ● hard stem
нѣкоториněkotorisomeoneadjective ● hard stemCS
оoohinterjection ● Usually precedes vocatives.
о (2)o (2)aboutpreposition ● with locCS - replaced in BG by za.
обаobabothadjective ● hard stemCS
обадяobadjacallverb ● i-verb
обаждамobaždamcallverb ● a-verb
обачеobačebut, howeverconjunction ●
обаятеленobajatelenamazingadjective ● hard stem
обвеселитиobveselitimake happyverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
обвияobvijawrapverb ● e-verb
обвладатиobvladatiruleverb ● e-verbCS
обградяobgradjasurroundverb ● i-verb
обгърнаobgъrnaembraceverb ● e-verb
обезчествамobezčestvamlose honorverb ● a-verbNot found in dictionaries.
обезчестяobezčestjalose honorverb ● i-verb
обемаobemagrasp, includeverb ● e-verbMiklosich: obъjęti, 1sg.prs obimǫ, 2sg obimeši 'katalambanein, complecti'
обераoberarobverb ● e-verb
обесяobesjahang (execute)verb ● i-verb
обещаяobeštajavow, promiseverb ● e-verbCS oběštati (< ob- + věštati).
обзалогobzalogbetnoun ● o-stemRBE: link
обзаложаobzaložalay a betverb ● i-verb
обидаobidago aroundverb ● e-verb
обида (2)obida (2)insultnoun ● ā-stem
обиденobidenpooradjective ● hard stem
обидникobidnikmiserable mannoun ● o-stem
обидницаobidnicamiserable womannoun ● jā-stem
обидяobidjainsultverb ● i-verbBAN IV 742: from *ob-vidja (CS obiděti, 1sg.prs obiždǫ)
обикнаobiknalove, likeverb ● e-verbCS obyknǫti
обиколяobikoljago aroundverb ● i-verb
обирамobiramrobverb ● a-verb
обиталищеobitalištedwellingnoun ● jo-stemCS
обитекаobitekaflow aroundverb ● e-verb
обителobiteldwellingnoun ● jo-stem
обитичамobitičamflow aroundverb ● a-verb
обичаиobičaicustomnoun ● jo-stemCS obyčai
обичамobičamhave a custom, love, likeverb ● a-verbThe first meaning is only in CS (e.g. in Zogr.107: plъtskaa obyče uspivati vъzygrania 'it usually lulls the stirrings of the flesh').
обиченobičenusual, lovableadjective ● hard stemCS obyčьnъ. The second (later) meaning is not attested in our sources so far in an adjective.
обичноobičnousually, lovinglyadverb ● Appears also as obyčně in CS sources. The meaning 'lovingly' appears later, e.g. in Berl.d. (translating ljubьzьno).
обладателobladatelrulernoun ● o-stemRBE: link
обладаяobladajaconquerverb ● e-verb
облакoblakcloudnoun ● o-stem
областьнъoblastьnъhaving a poweradjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
облежаobležarapeverb ● i-verbThe meaning is likely specific for Punčo, not mentioned in available dictionaries. CS obležati is translated 'lie around, surround' (SJS) and 'leža vъrxu nešto' (BAN III 346).
облекаoblekaput on (clothes)verb ● e-verb
облеклоoblekloclothesnoun ● o-stem
облеяoblejapour onverb ● e-verb
обливамoblivampour onverb ● a-verb
облобизатиoblobizatikissverb ● e-verbCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. Miklosich: iprf. oblobyzati, prf. oblobъzati. 1sg.prs for both is oblobъžǫ (the iprf. form may have oblobizajǫ too).
обложаobložaput aroundverb ● i-verb
облѣнитиoblěnitibe lazyverb ● i-verbA reflexive verb in CS: oblěniti sę 'pigrum esse'
обнажитиobnažitistripverb ● i-verbCS
обнищатиobništatibecome poorverb ● e-verbCS
обносяobnosjacarry aroundverb ● i-verbCS; Miklosich: obъnositi 'peripherein, circumferre'
обогатявамobogatjavammake richverb ● a-verb
оборoborcorralnoun ● o-stem
оборяoborjaconquerverb ● i-verb
обрадувамobraduvamrejoiceverb ● a-verbDemina et al. 2012:587 - obraduvam se 'zaradvam se'
образobrazpicturenoun ● o-stemPunčo uses pl. obraze too.
обратяobratjaturnverb ● i-verb
обращамobraštamturnverb ● a-verb
обрекаobrekavowverb ● e-verb
оброкobrokpaynoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
обрѣстиobrěstifindverb ● e-verbCS; 1sg obręštǫ (nasalized root!), 2sg obręšteši
обрѣтатиobrětatifindverb ● e-verbCS
обрѣщиobrěštiturnverb ● irregularCS; 1sg obrъgǫ sę, 2sg obrъžeši sę
обрѫбитиobrǫbitiskewverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
обрѫчникobrǫčnikfiancee (male)noun ● o-stemCS
обрѫчницаobrǫčnicafiancee (fem.)noun ● jā-stemCS
обсадяobsadjabesiegeverb ● i-verb
обущаobuštashoesnoun ● jā-stem
обуяobujaput on (shoes)verb ● e-verb
обходяobxodjacircumventverb ● i-verb
общobštcommonadjective ● soft stem
объзиратиobъziratilook aroundverb ● e-verbCS; a-verb in Punčo
обърнаobъrnaturnverb ● e-verb
обявяobjavjaannounceverb ● i-verb
обядobědlunch, noonnoun ● o-stem
обядатиobjadatibe a gluttonverb ● e-verbA reflexive verb in CS: obъjadati sę 'gulosum esse'
обядвамobědvamhave a lunchverb ● a-verb
обядникobjadnikgluttonnoun ● o-stemCS; Miklosich: obъjadenie 'addēfagia, ingluvies'
обямobjamgnawverb ● irregular
овovthispronoun ●
овамоovamotowards thereadverb ●
овдеovdeherepronoun ● SC
овдовеяovdovejabecome a widowverb ● e-verb
овенovenramnoun ● o-stem
овияovijawrap aroundverb ● e-verb
овощникъovoštnikfruit gardennoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
овощницаovoštnicafruit gardennoun ● jā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
овцаovcasheepnoun ● jā-stem
овчарovčarshepherdnoun ● jo-stem
овчиovčiof sheepadjective ● soft stem
овържаovъržawrap aroundverb ● e-verb
оглавлениеoglavlenietitlenoun ● jo-stemCS
огладнеяogladnejabecome hungryverb ● e-verb
огладяogladjasmooth outverb ● i-verb
оглушаoglušabecome deafverb ● i-verb
огненognenfieryadjective ● hard stem
оголяogoljashaveverb ● i-verbRBE: link
огорчаogorčabecome bitterverb ● i-verb
оградаogradafencenoun ● ā-stem
оградяogradjasurroundverb ● i-verb
огрижяogrižjabecome worryverb ● i-verb
огънogъnfirenoun ● jo-stem
одodfrom, ofpreposition ● with genVariant of ot, commonly used by Carski (and in MK).
одаяodajachambernoun ● jā-stemBAN IV 793: odaja 'staja', < tr. dat. odaya
одвойвамodvoivamseparateverb ● a-verbNot found in dictionaries.
одеждаodeždaclothesnoun ● jā-stemCS
одолѣтиodolětidefeat, conquerverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
одръжаниеodrъžanieoccupation, conquestnoun ● jo-stemCS
одръжатиodrъžatikeepverb ● i-verbCS
одъждяodъždjamake rainyverb ● i-verb
одърodъr(wooden) bednoun ● o-stemBAN IV 809: odъr 'izdignato mjasto kraj stena na staja, koeto služi za sjadane ili ljagane'
одѣꙗтиodějaticlotheverb ● e-verbCS
ожаднеяožadnejabecome thirstyverb ● e-verb
оженяoženjamarryverb ● i-verb
оживеничаoživeničabecome ill of scrofulaverb ● e-verb
оживеяoživejabecome aliveverb ● e-verb
оживяoživjaresurrectverb ● i-verb
оживявамoživjavamresurrectverb ● a-verbPunčo uses a contracted 3sg.prs form oživъlja.
ожидатиožidatiawaitverb ● e-verbCS
озаряozarjaenlightenverb ● i-verb
озгораozgorafrom aboveadverb ● makedonski.info: ozgora 'above, northerly'
оздолеozdolefrom beneathadverb ●
оздравяozdravjabecome or make healthyverb ● i-verb
озлоблениеozloblenieshow enmitynoun ● jo-stem
озлобяozlobjabecome hostileverb ● i-verb
озлобявамozlobjavambecome hostileverb ● a-verb
ознобаoznobaworrynoun ● ā-stemDemina et al. 2012:597 - oznoba 'griža'
ОйлушOilušIlusnoun ● jo-stem
ОйнешOinešOenonenoun ● i-stemSometimes replaced by venoušь in the Legend. Veselovskij (1888:54) finds a parallel in the Old Norse Trojumanna saga, where ʺVenusʺ (Freyja) becomes the lover of Paris after his judgement.
окаяokajacomplain, become worryverb ● e-verb
окаяникokajanikpoor onenoun ● jo-stem
оклеветаниеoklevetanieslandernoun ● jo-stem
оклеветяoklevetjaslanderverb ● i-verb
окоokoeyenoun ● o-stemThe common plural form oči is tagged Nndnn - being originally the dual form (CS pl.nom was očesa - it was an s-stem).
оковаokovawrap in metalverb ● e-verb
окова (2)okova (2)shacklesnoun ● jā-stem
околенokolenadjacentadjective ● hard stem
околищеokolištesurroundingsnoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
околоokoloaroundpreposition ● with gen
околовръстенokolovrъstenneighboringadjective ● hard stem
окопokopditchnoun ● o-stem
окрадвамokradvamrobverb ● a-verb
окръжаokrъžaattack from all sidesverb ● i-verbUnclear. BAN III 41: krъža 'pravja, opisvam krъgove', 'seka ot vsički strani debelo dъrvo s bradva'
окръмительницаokrъmitelьnicanursenoun ● jā-stemCS
окръстokrъstaroundadverb ● CS
окръстьньokrъstьnьaroundadjective ● hard stemCS
октомвриoktomvriOctobernoun ● new i-stem
окъпяokъpjabatheverb ● e-verbCS okǫpati
ОлгаOlgaOlganoun ● ā-stem
оледнеяolednejafreezeverb ● e-verb
оливамolivampour onverb ● a-verb
оловенolovenleadenadjective ● hard stem
оловоolovolead (metal)noun ● o-stem
олтарoltaraltarnoun ● jo-stem
омесяomesjakneadverb ● i-verb
омисълomisъlintention, suspicionnoun ● o-stem
омияomijawashverb ● e-verb
омочаomočadipverb ● i-verb
омръзнаomrъznabecome annoyingverb ● e-verb
омръсаomъrsataintverb ● i-verb
омывалницаomyvalnicawashing bowlnoun ● jā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
онonhepronoun ● Used for both personal (Pp3msn, as a dialectal variant of toi) and distal demonstrative pronoun.
онаonashepronoun ● Dialectal variant of tja - used only for Pp3fsn
онакъвзиonakъvzithat kindpronoun ● From the Legend of Troy.
онамоonamoover thereadverb ●
онемеяonemejabecome muteverb ● e-verb
онзиonzithatpronoun ● Used if the -zi suffix is present (i.e. onogozi, onomuzi, onazi etc.).
ониonitheypronoun ● Dialectal variant of - used only for Pp3-pn
ОнисифорOnisiforOnesiphorusnoun ● o-stemName mentioned in 2 Tim 1:16 and 2:19. Also a sexton in the Life of St. Demetrius.
ОнискосOniskosOniscusnoun ● o-stemPunčo's rendering of Neanii, the pagan name of St. Procopius. Likely misread as Ioanniskos, a diminutive of Ioannēs (once given as ïwanískosь by Punčo). Possibly alluding to gr. oniskos '(little) donkey'?
ОнискосовOniskosovof Oniscusadjective ● hard stem
оноonoitpronoun ● Also used by Punčo as an equivalent of 'then'.
оноваonovathatpronoun ● Used if -va suffix is present (i.e. also for m.sg onomuva, onogova).
ОнурийOnuriiHonoriusnoun ● new i-stem
оняonjathatpronoun ● Used if the -ja suffix is present.
онѫдоуonǫdufrom therepronoun ● CS, see kǫdu for details.
опаляopaljaburnverb ● i-verb
опастноopastnocautiouslyadverb ● CS
опашopaštailnoun ● i-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
опашаopašaput a belt onverb ● e-verb
опашкаopaškatailnoun ● ā-stem
операoperalean, fightverb ● e-verb
опирамopiramlean, fightverb ● a-verb
опиранеopiraneresistancenoun ● jo-stem
опишаopišadescribeverb ● e-verb
опияopijaget drunkverb ● e-verb
оплаквамoplakvammournverb ● a-verb
опленяoplenjalootverb ● i-verb
оповивамopovivamwrapverb ● a-verb
оповияopovijawrapverb ● e-verb
опоитиopoitimake drunkverb ● i-verbCS
опоꙗсатиopojasatigirdleverb ● e-verbCS
оправданиеopravdaniejustificationnoun ● jo-stem
оправноopravnocorrectlyadverb ●
оправувамopravuvamcorrectverb ● a-verbCarski's word.
оправяopravjamake clear, put in orderverb ● i-verb
опразднеяoprazdnejabecome emptyverb ● e-verb
опростяoprostjaforgiveverb ● i-verb
опрощавамoproštavamforgiveverb ● a-verb
опѧтopętagainadverb ● From the Legend of Troy.
опѧтиopęticoververb ● irregularFrom the Legend of Troy. 1sg.prs opьnǫ, 2sg opьneši.
ораoraploughverb ● e-verb
оралоoraloploughnoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
ораниеoranieploughingnoun ● jo-stem
ораняoranjawoundverb ● i-verb
оратенoratenused for ploughingadjective ● hard stemRBE: link
орачoračploughsmannoun ● jo-stem
ордаordaarmynoun ● ā-stemCarski's word. Mauricio: Ordia 'esercito'
орелoreleaglenoun ● jo-stem
ОрешOrešAresnoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. The name is unclear, it is mentioned only once in phrase lakomy mečь oreša kralě, denoting a weapon brought by Ulysses to Achilles during his hiding.
ОрнаOrnaAraunahnoun ● ā-stemA farmer in times of King David (1 Chron 21:18)
ортографияortografijaorthographynoun ● jā-stem
оръжиеorъžiearmament, weaponnoun ● jo-stemCS orǫžie
оръжноorъžnoby armsadverb ● CS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
оръжяorъžjatake armsverb ● i-verb
освенosvenexcludingadverb ● Also appears as otsvěn. CS svěně.
осветяosvętjaconsecrateverb ● i-verb
освободяosvobodjaliberateverb ● i-verb
освояosvojaappropriateverb ● i-verb
осилостosilostpainnoun ● i-stemDemina et al. 2012:611 - osilost 'stradanie, bolka, mъka'
оскверняoskvernjataintverb ● i-verb
оскубяoskubjapluck offverb ● e-verb
оскъденoskъdenlackingadjective ● hard stem
оскъдноoskъdnoinsufficientlyadverb ●
оскърбувамoskъrbuvammake sadverb ● a-verb
оскърбяoskъrbjamake sadverb ● i-verb
ослабявамoslaběvammake weakverb ● a-verb
ослепяoslěpjabecome blindverb ● i-verb
осляпувамoslěpuvammake blindverb ● a-verb
осмиosmieighthadjective ● hard stem
основаosnovafoundationnoun ● ā-stem
основа (2)osnova (2)foundverb ● i-verb
особеноosobenoparticularlyadverb ●
осрамяosramjaget ashamedverb ● i-verb
оставлениеostavlenieleaving, remissionnoun ● jo-stemCS, EuthDict link
оставяostavjaleaveverb ● i-verb
оставямostavjamleave, stayverb ● a-verb
останаostanaremainverb ● e-verb
останокostanokremainder, lotnoun ● o-stem
остареяostarejabecome oldverb ● e-verb
островostrovislandnoun ● o-stem
ОстрогомOstrogomEsztergomnoun ● o-stemSpelling used in Prolog and by Punčo, Miklosich mentions also Ostrigomъ and Ostrogonъ. The name of the city goes likely back to Slavic ptcp.prs.pass *ostrogomъ 'fortified'.
острогомскиostrogomskiof Esztergomadjective ● hard stem
острожитиostrožitifortifyverb ● i-verbCS, Miklosich: ostrožiti 'kharakoun, vallis munire'
остроуменostroumenclever, acute-mindedadjective ● hard stem
остружаostružascrubverb ● e-verb
остряostrjasharpenverb ● i-verb
остърostъrsharpadjective ● hard stem
осъдникosъdnikconvictnoun ● o-stem
осъдяosъdjaconvictverb ● i-verb
осъждениеosъždeniejudgementnoun ● jo-stem
осъжденикosъždenikconvictnoun ● o-stem
осъмosъmeightnumeral ●
осѫждениеosǫždeniecondemnationnoun ● jo-stemCS
отotfrompreposition ● with genCS otъ
отайotaisecretlyadverb ● CS
отбияotbijarepelverb ● e-verb
отбраняotbranjadefendverb ● i-verb
отбягнаotběgnarun awayverb ● e-verb
отвeтotvetanswernoun ● o-stemCS otvětъ
отварямotvarjamopenverb ● a-verb
отведаotvedalead awayverb ● e-verb
отвеяotvejablow awayverb ● e-verb
отводяotvodjawalk awayverb ● i-verb
отворяotvorjaopenverb ● i-verb
отврѣщиotvrěštiturn awayverb ● e-verbCS
отвървамotvъrvamwalk awayverb ● i-verb
отвържаotvъržaunbindverb ● e-verb
отвързвамotvъrzvamunbindverb ● a-verb
отвърнаotvъrnaturn awayverb ● e-verb
отвършаotvъršacompleteverb ● i-verbBAN I 214: otvъrša, otvъršvam dial. 'svъršvam'
отвѣщатиotvěštatianswerverb ● e-verbCS
отвѧзатиotvęzatiunbindverb ● e-verbCS
отговарямotgovarjamanswerverb ● a-verb
отговоряotgovorjaanswerverb ● i-verb
отголяotgoljastripverb ● i-verb
отгонвамotgonvamscare awayverb ● a-verb
отдамotdamgive in returnverb ● irregular3sg.prs otdade
отдвояotdvojaseparateverb ● i-verbUnclear, translates CS otskočiti lit. 'jump away'.
отделяotdeljaseparateverb ● i-verb
отдераotderarip offverb ● e-verb
отдояotdojaraise by feedingverb ● i-verb
отдумамotdumampersuadeverb ● a-verb
отдъхнаotdъxnarestverb ● e-verb
отегчаotegčaannoy, make harderverb ● a-verb
отецotecfathernoun ● jo-stemCS otьcь
отеческиotečeskifatherlyadjective ● hard stem
отечествоotečestvofatherlandnoun ● o-stemCS
отзоваotzovacall, respondverb ● e-verb
отиotibecauseconjunction ●
отидаotidaleave, go awayverb ● e-verb
откарамotkaramchase awayverb ● a-verb
откинаotkinatear offverb ● e-verb
отковаotkovarelease from shacklesverb ● e-verb
откраднаotkradnastealverb ● e-verb
откривамotkrivamdiscover, uncoververb ● a-verb
открияotkrijadiscover, uncoververb ● e-verb
откровенotkrovenuncovered, apparentadjective ● hard stemCS otъkrъvenьnъ - a ptcp.aor.pass of otkrъviti.
откупувамotkupuvambuy outverb ● a-verb
откупяotkupjabuy outverb ● i-verb
откършаotkъršatear apartverb ● i-verbRBE: link
отлетяotletjafly awayverb ● i-verb
отложаotložaput awayverb ● i-verb
отлъчаotlъčaseparateverb ● i-verb
отлъчвамotlъčvamseparateverb ● a-verb
отмияotmijawash awayverb ● e-verb
отмъщениеotmъštenierevengenoun ● jo-stem
отмятамotmětamthrow away, renounceverb ● e-verb
отнемаotnematake awayverb ● e-verb
отнесаotnesacarry outverb ● e-verb
отнимамotnimamtake awayverb ● a-verb
отнѫдьotnǫdtotallyadverb ● CS
отокotokislandnoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
отпадамotpadamfall away, go astrayverb ● a-verb
отпаднаotpadnafall away, go astrayverb ● e-verb
отпадникotpadnikheretic, apostatenoun ● o-stem
отпазяotpazjaraiseverb ● i-verbBAN V 11: otpazja 'otgleždam' (Koprivec, Belensko; Sušina, Gornoorjaxovsko)
отпастиotpastifall away, go astrayverb ● e-verbCS
отпеяotpejasing throughverb ● e-verb
отплатяotplatjapay offverb ● i-verb
отпустяotpustjaforgiveverb ● i-verbCS
отпъдяotpъdjachase awayverb ● i-verb
отрадаotradarelax, joynoun ● ā-stemMiklosich: otrada 'anesis, relaxatio'. BG otrada 'joy' does not fit well into context (Punčo: da+ ne+ smь na otradu). BAN (IV 971) considers the modern BG word a borrowing from RU.
отредяotredjadetermineverb ● i-verb
отрежаotrežacut offverb ● e-verb
отреждамotreždamdetermineverb ● a-verbDemina (et al. 641) mentions also the imperfective form otredjavam 'otreždam, otdeljam nešto za njakogo, opredeljam'.
отрекаotrekarenounceverb ● e-verb
отринаotrinavanquish, shove awayverb ● e-verb
отричамotričamrenounceverb ● a-verb
отрияotrijasweepverb ● e-verb
отроваotrovapoisonnoun ● ā-stem
отровяotrovjapoisonverb ● i-verb
отрокotrokserf, slave, babynoun ● o-stemMeanings 'serf (feudal)' and 'slave' are newer, but also attested in CS, where otrokъ could also mean 'infantry'.
отрочеotročechild, babynoun ● nt-stemCS
отсекаotsekacut offverb ● e-verb
отсечениеotsečeniecruelty, massacrenoun ● jo-stemMiklosich: otъsěčenie 'apotomia, abscissio'
отслабнаotslabnaweakenverb ● e-verb
отслатиotslatisend awayverb ● e-verbCS
отслужаotslužaperform a serviceverb ● i-verb
отстъпяotstъpjastep awayverb ● i-verb
отстъпявамotstъpjavamstep awayverb ● a-verb
отсъдяotsъdjaconvictverb ● i-verb
оттегнаottegnawithdrawverb ● e-verb
оттечениеottečenieflightnoun ● jo-stemCS
оттърчамottъrčamrun awayverb ● i-verb
отфъргамotfъrgamtake offverb ● a-verb
отфърляotfъrljathrow awayverb ● i-verb
отхапнаotxapnabite offverb ● e-verb
отхождамotxoždamleaveverb ● a-verb
отхожданеotxoždaneleavingnoun ● jo-stem
отхраняotxranjaraiseverb ● i-verb
отчаяниеotčajaniedespairnoun ● jo-stem
отченашotčenašOur Fathernoun ● jo-stemCarski: occenasc
отъвнаotъvnatake awayverb ● e-verb
отървамotъrvamwrestle, take away by forceverb ● a-verb
отъшьствиеotъšьstviegoingnoun ● jo-stemCS
оубоuboas, forconjunction ● CS
оуброусъubrustableclothnoun ● o-stemCS
оубѣжатиuběžatirun awayverb ● e-verbCS
оувыuvywoeinterjection ● CS
оувѣдѣтиuvědětifind outverb ● irregularCS
оувѣрениеuvěreniebelief (in Christ)noun ● jo-stemCS
оувѧдатиuvędatiwitherverb ● e-verbCS
оуглѫбѣватиuglǫběvatidig deepverb ● e-verbCS
оуготовлıатиugotovljatiprepareverb ● e-verbCS
оудрѫчеватиudrǫčevatimake strongerverb ● e-verbCS
оужаснѫтиužasnǫtibecome terrifiedverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy. Used reflexively: 3sg.aor užase sę '(Hecuba) became terrified'.
оузрѣтиuzrětiseeverb ● i-verbCS
оукланятиuklanjatiavoidverb ● e-verbCS
оуклонноuklonnocompromisingadverb ● CS
оукорениеukoreniederisionnoun ● jo-stemCS
оуничижатиuničižatidestroy, become humbleverb ● a-verbCS
оуничижитиuničižitidestroy, become humbleverb ● i-verbCS
оупастиupastifallverb ● e-verbCS, 1sg.prs upadǫ, 2sg upadeši.
оупасти (2)upasti (2)herdverb ● e-verbCS, 1sg.prs upasǫ, 2sg upaseši.
ОурекшишьUrekšišUlyssesnoun ● jo-stem
оуръurheronoun ● monosyllabicFrom the Legend of Troy. From HU úr 'man, lord' (wiktionary: link). In Serbia, Uroš was being used as a proper name (e.g. of the Grand Prince Uroš I, 1112-1245).
оуръватиurъvatitear down, strike downverb ● e-verbCS
оусадитиusaditiplant, mountverb ● i-verbCS
оусекновениеusěknoveniebeheadingnoun ● jo-stemCS
оуслышатиuslyšatihearverb ● i-verbCS
оусръдствоватиusrъdstvovatistruggle, desireverb ● e-verbCS
оустрашитиustrašitiintimidate, become afraidverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy. Appearing mostly reflexive, e.g. 3sg.aor oustraši sę 'he became afraid'.
оусънѫтиusъnǫtifall asleepverb ● e-verbCS
оусѣкнѫтиusěknǫtibeheadverb ● e-verbCS
оутаитиutaitihideverb ● i-verbCS
оутварьutvarьdecoration, jewelsnoun ● i-stemCS
оутекutekrunnoun ● o-stemCS
оутолитиutolitiquenchverb ● i-verbCS
оутрѣшьнъutrěšьnof morningadjective ● hard stemCS. Attested in Supr. as a soft stem (SNSP: link). In the Legend of Troy, the stem is attested with a hardened auslaut as the long form outrěšnyi.
оухватитиuxvatiticatch, graspverb ● i-verbCS, Miklosich: uxvatiti 'hairein, capere'
оухващатиuxvaštaticatch, graspverb ● e-verbCS
оухранитиuxranitisaveverb ● i-verbCS
оухытитиuxytiticatch, captureverb ● i-verbCS
оучениеučenielearningnoun ● jo-stemCS
оущедритиuštedritispare, saveverb ● i-verbCS
оуязвитиujazvitihurtverb ● i-verbCS. From the phrase: vъ ljubъvi gorъnei ujazvi dšu moju 'hurt/engulf my soul towards love of the Heavens'. Cf. a discussion here
охoxointerjection ●
ОхридOxridOhridnoun ● o-stem
охридскиoxridskiof Ohridadjective ● hard stem
оцаритиocaritibecome a kingverb ● i-verbCS
оцетocetvinegarnoun ● o-stem
очевидноočevidnoapparentlyadverb ●
очивѣстноočivěstnoapparentlyadverb ● Demina et al. 2012:647 - očivěstno 'jasno, otčetlivo'
очистяočistjaclean, washverb ● i-verb
очистявамočistjavamclean, washverb ● a-verb
очищениеočišteniepurificationnoun ● jo-stem
очувамočuvamsave, raiseverb ● a-verb
ощеošteyetadverb ● CS ešte
паpaand thenconjunction ● BAN IV 993: pa 'a, no, pъk; i, togava' < pakъ
ПавелPavelPaulnoun ● o-stem
ПагажияPagažiaPagosnoun ● jā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Unclear location of Polymestor's kingdom, which was likely somewhere in Thrace. Phonetically, it resembles the name of island Pagos in Croatia.
пагубаpagubadestructionnoun ● ā-stem
пагубенpagubenfataladjective ● hard stem
падамpadamfallverb ● a-verbAn e-verb in CS (3sg.prs padaetъ).
паднаpadnafallverb ● e-verb
ПадуаPaduaPaduanoun ● ā-stem
пазарpazarmarketnoun ● o-stem
пазухаpazuxaarmpitnoun ● ā-stem
пазяpazjaguardverb ● i-verb
пакpakagainadverb ●
пакиpakiagainadverb ● An older variant of pak? CS also paky.
пакостpakostdisturbance, injurynoun ● i-stem
палагийскиpalagiiskiPelasgianadjective ● hard stem
ПаладияPaladiaPadianoun ● jā-stemA woman healed by Cosmas and Damian. Written as padia by Punčo, but as Pelagia in Prolog.
ПаламидешPalamidešPalamedesnoun ● jo-stem
палатиеpalatiepalacenoun ● jo-stemDialectal variant of palat(a) common in Berl.d., not in dictionaries.
ПалеопатронPaleopatronPatrasnoun ● o-stemThird largest city of Greece, known as Baliabadra (< Paleia Patra) by Ottomans.
ПалестинаPalestinaPalestinenoun ● ā-stem
ПалешPalešPallasnoun ● i-stemUsed besides Peleša and Miněrva in the Legend of Troy, although it is unclear, whether the writer identified them.
палицаpalicascepter, clubnoun ● jā-stemCS
ПалмидаPalmidaPalamedesnoun ● ā-stemVariant of Palamedes' name in the Tale of Alexander the Elder.
паляpaljaburnverb ● i-verb
паметpametmemory, mindnoun ● i-stemThe meaning 'mind' (often used to translate CS oumъ) seems to be specific to Punčo.
памтитиpamtitirememberverb ● i-verbWiktionary: SC pamtiti, Punčo: 3sg.prs/subj da+ se+ ne+ pamti. Seems to be a Serbism, as BAN VI 34 has only pametuvam (from Gerov, also cf. CS pamętovati 'recordari' in Miklosich).
паницаpanicapannoun ● jā-stem
ПанонияPanonijaPannonianoun ● jā-stem
панонскиpanonskiPannonianadjective ● hard stem
ПантелейPanteleiPantaleonnoun ● new i-stem
ПантелеймонPanteleimonPantaleonnoun ● o-stemPunčo uses the shorter form of the name Pantelei (or Pantalei) more often.
ПантелеовPanteleovof Pantaleonadjective ● hard stem
папаpapapopenoun ● uninflected
параparacoinnoun ● ā-stem
параладисамparaladisamrendverb ● a-verbCarski: 3pl.prs/opt da go paraladissat. Google: tr. paralamak 'rend'.
ПараскеваParaskevaParaschevanoun ● ā-stemGr. Parasxeѵē 'Friday', lit. '(day) of preparation', also the Greek variant of St. Petka's name. The form Paraskevi can be interpreted both as Greek sg.nom and as sg.gen (CS Paraskevy) or even dat (if we take Paraskevi as an old ī-stem).
ПаргаториоPargatorioPurgatorynoun ● o-stemCarski's word - the concept is a typical one for Catholic theology. The first -a- likely denotes the middle vowel.
ПарижParižParisnoun ● jo-stemIn the Legend of Troy, the name is sometimes written farižь, which has otherwise the meaning 'horse'.
ПартенийParteniiPartheniusnoun ● new i-stem
парчеparčepiecenoun ● nt-stemBAN IV 76: parče 'kъs, čast', < tr. parça < per. pārčā
пасаpasaherd, grazeverb ● e-verb
пастиpastifallverb ● e-verbCS - used for the root aorist forms like 2/3sg pade.
пастирpastirshepherdnoun ● jo-stemCS pastyrь
ПастырежичищьPastyrevičištson of a shepherdnoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. The epithet of young Paris. The suffixes -č- and -št- are etymologically from the same source - a Croatian and a Bulgarian reflex.
патерицаpatericacrutchnoun ● jā-stem
патимаpatimasufferingnoun ● ā-stemRBE: link, from gr. paѳēma
патриаршескиpatriaršeskiof patriarchadjective ● hard stem
патриаршияpatriaršijaPatriarchatenoun ● jā-stem
патрярхpatriarxpatriarchnoun ● o-stem
патяpatjafareverb ● i-verb
ПафлагонPaflagonPaphlagonianoun ● o-stem
пачеpačemoreadverb ● CS
паяжинаpajažinawebnoun ● ā-stem
паѫчинаpaǫčinawebnoun ● ā-stemCS
певецpevecsingernoun ● jo-stem
педепсамpedepsameducateverb ● a-verbBAN V 124: pedepsam (se) 'vъzpitavam (se), griža (se)' < ngr. aor. pedepsa na paideѵō
пекpeksun heatnoun ● monosyllabic
пекаpekabakeverb ● e-verb
пеленаpelenadiapernoun ● ā-stem
ПелешаPelešaPallasnoun ● jā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Seems related to Palešь, but used for Artemis. Veleša in Pypin's edition - the name may have been an allusion to the Slavic god, as in the case of King Koeta.
ПелешинPelešinof Pallasadjective ● hard stem
пелинpelinwormwoodnoun ● o-stem
пенаpenafoamnoun ● ā-stemCS pěna
пениеpeniesinging, Psalmsnoun ● jo-stemCS pěnie. RBE: link
пепелpepelashnoun ● o-stem
пернатpernatfeatheryadjective ● hard stem
пероperofeather, pennoun ● o-stem
персиpersiPersiansnoun ● o-stemPlural seems to be more common in dictionariers (RBE: link).
персийскиpersiiskiPersianadjective ● hard stem
песенpesensongnoun ● i-stemCS pěsnь
петpetfivenumeral ● CS pętь
петаpetaheelnoun ● ā-stemCS pęta
петиpetififthadjective ● hard stem
петинаpetinagroup of fivenoun ● ā-stem
ПетичевPetičevof Petičadjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy. The surname of Pilotašь, i.e. Polypoetes, son of Pirithous. Veselovskij (1888:80) deciphers the name as Philoctetes Poeantides.
ПеткаPetkaPetkanoun ● ā-stemThe Slavic variant of St. Parascheva's name (CS Pętka).
ПетровPetrovPeter'sadjective ● hard stem
петъкpetъkFridaynoun ● o-stem
ПетърPetъrPeternoun ● o-stemCS Petrъ, BG Petъr
печалpečalsorrownoun ● i-stem
печалбаpečalbarevenuenoun ● ā-stem
печаляpečaljaworryverb ● i-verbRBE: link
печатpečatsealnoun ● i-stem
печатенpečatenprintedadjective ● hard stem
пешpešon footadjective ● hard stemCS pěšь
пешиpešion footadverb ●
пещpeštfurnacenoun ● i-stem
пещенpeštenof furnaceadjective ● hard stem
пещераpešteracavenoun ● ā-stem
пещиpešticareverb ● e-verbCS; 1sg pekǫ, 2sg pečeši
пеяpejasingverb ● e-verb
пилаpilasawnoun ● ā-stem
ПилатPilatPilatenoun ● o-stem
ПилатовPilatovPilate'sadjective ● hard stem
пилеpilebirdlingnoun ● nt-stem
ПилоташPilotašPolypoetesnoun ● jo-stem
ПилусаPilusaPilusanoun ● ā-stemUnclear, possibly Pylos (today Navarino)?
пипамpipamtouchverb ● a-verb
пиргосpirgostowernoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. From gr. pyrgos. There is also a sg.loc form pirźě.
пиронpironnailnoun ● o-stem
писаниеpisanieletter, scripturenoun ● jo-stem
писателpisatelwriternoun ● jo-stem
писецpisecpainter, scribenoun ● jo-stemCS
писмоpismoletternoun ● n-stem
писнаpisnacease to careverb ● e-verbUnclear; rechnik.chitanka: pisna mi 'omrъzna mi, dotegna mi'
писувамpisuvamwriteverb ● a-verb
писъкpisъkscreechnoun ● o-stem
питамpitamaskverb ● a-verb
питиеpitiedrinknoun ● jo-stem
питовенpitoventame, domesticadjective ● hard stem
питувамpituvamaskverb ● a-verbDialectal iterative variant of pitam (BAN V 265). CS pytati 'zētein, quaerere'.
питувам (2)pituvam (2)feedverb ● a-verbRe-verbalized root used in words like pitoven lit. 'for feeding (at home)', and thus 'domestic' (see above), pitatel 'feeding'. Possibly Punčo's own word (3sg.prs pituetь). CS pitati 'trephein, alere, educare'.
пишаpišawriteverb ● e-verb
пишманpišmanrepentingadjective ● uninflectedCarski: piscman. BAN V 277: pišman 'kojto săžaljava za nešto izvăršeno ot nego' < per. pišīmān 'kojto otposle se razmislja'
пищяpištjasquealverb ● i-verb
пияpijadrinkverb ● e-verb
пиянpijandrunkadjective ● hard stem
пияницаpijanicadrunkardnoun ● jā-stem
пиянствоpijanstvo(excessive) drinkingnoun ● o-stem
плавамplavamswim, sailverb ● a-verb
плавогривѣстъplavogrivěstblond-hairedadjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Used as an epithet for Paris' horse.
пладнеpladnenoonnoun ● jo-stem
пламенplamenflamenoun ● n-stem
пламъкplamъkflamenoun ● o-stem
планинаplaninamountainsnoun ● ā-stem
платноplatnoclothnoun ● o-stem
ПлатонPlatonPlatonoun ● o-stem
платяplatjapayverb ● i-verb
плачplačcrynoun ● jo-stem
плачаplačacry, weepverb ● e-verb
плачевенplačevenweepingadjective ● hard stem
плашаplašascare offverb ● i-verb
плащамplaštampayverb ● a-verb
плевницаplevnicabarnnoun ● jā-stem
племеplemetribenoun ● n-stem
пленplencaptivitynoun ● o-stem
пленяplenjacaptureverb ● i-verbCS plěniti
пленявамplenjavamcaptureverb ● a-verb
плетpletfencenoun ● monosyllabicAccording to rechnik.chitanka, both pletove and pletišta could be used as a plural form.
плетаpletaweaveverb ● e-verb
плешивplešivbaldadjective ● hard stem
плещиpleštishouldersnoun ● jo-stemAn old dual.
пловдивскиplovdivskiof Plovdivadjective ● hard stemUsed as an epithet of King Philipp of Macedon, father of Alexander the Great.
плодplodfruitnoun ● o-stem
плоденplodenfruitfuladjective ● hard stem
плодовитplodovitfruitfuladjective ● hard stem
плотplotfencenoun ● monosyllabic
плочаpločaslabnoun ● jā-stem
плувамpluvamswimverb ● a-verb
плътplъtfleshnoun ● i-stemPunčo also uses a general meaning 'living beings, life forms'.
плътенplъtenof fleshadjective ● hard stem
пляскамplěskamclapverb ● a-verb
поpoafter, along, according topreposition ● with dat ('along') or loc ('after')
по (2)po (2)(comparative particle)particle ● comparative
победаpobedavictorynoun ● ā-stemCS poběda
победвамpobedvamdefeat, gain victoryverb ● a-verb
победителpobeditelvictornoun ● o-stem
победоносецpobedonosecbringer of victorynoun ● jo-stem
победяpobedjadefeat, gain victoryverb ● i-verb
побеснеяpobesnejabecome madverb ● e-verb
побесняваpobesněvabecome madverb ● a-verb
побивамpobivambeat a littleverb ● a-verb
побияpobijabeat a littleverb ● e-verb
поболеяpobolejahurt, become illverb ● e-verb
побързамpobъrzamhasteverb ● a-verb
побягнаpoběgnarun awayverb ● e-verb
повдигамpovdigamraise, liftverb ● a-verb
повдигнаpovdignaraise, liftverb ● e-verb
поведаpovedaleadverb ● e-verb
повелениеpovelenieordernoun ● jo-stem
повеляpoveljagive an orderverb ● i-verb
повестpoveststory, historynoun ● i-stemCS pověstь
повестиpovestidriveverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy. 1sg.prs povezǫ, 2sg povezeši
повечеpovečemoreadverb ●
повечерямpovečerjamhave a dinnerverb ● a-verb
повивамpovivamwrapverb ● a-verb
повикамpovikamcallverb ● a-verb
повияpovijawrapverb ● e-verb
повлекаpovlekacrawl, dragverb ● e-verb
поводяpovodjaleadverb ● i-verb
повораpovorastringnoun ● ā-stem
повоювамpovojuvamconquerverb ● a-verb
повратяpovratjareturn, vomitverb ● i-verb
повращамpovraštamreturn, vomitverb ● a-verb
повредяpovredjaharmverb ● i-verb
поврѣщиpovrěštithrowverb ● e-verbCS; 1sg povrьgǫ, 2sg povrьžeši
повторяpovtorjarepeatverb ● i-verb
повърнаpovъrnareturnverb ● e-verbBG povărna se 'return', povărna 'vomit'. Punčo uses the original meaning 'return' also with the non-reflexive form.
повярвамpověrvambecome a belieververb ● a-verb
повѣдатиpovědatitellverb ● irregularFrom the Legend of Troy.
погадяpogadjascoldverb ● i-verb
погазяpogazjastompverb ● i-verb
поганенpoganenheathenadjective ● hard stem
погаснаpogasnabe extinguishedverb ● e-verb
погибелpogibelperditionnoun ● i-stemCS pogybělь, pogyblь
погинаpoginaperishverb ● e-verb
погинувамpoginuvamperishverb ● a-verb
погледpogledview, starenoun ● o-stem
погледамpogledamwatchverb ● a-verb
погледнаpoglednalookverb ● e-verb
погледувамpogleduvamlookverb ● a-verb
погнусяpognusjabecome disgustedverb ● e-verb
погодяpogodjamake peaceverb ● i-verb
погорвамpogorvamburn (a number of things)verb ● a-verb
погоряpogorjaburn (a number of things)verb ● i-verb
погребаpogrebaburyverb ● e-verb
погрешенpogrěšenfaultyadjective ● hard stem
погрознеяpogroznejabecome uglyverb ● e-verb
погубвамpogubvamdestroy, loseverb ● a-verb
погублениеpogubleniedestruction, perditionnoun ● jo-stemCS
погубяpogubjadestroy, loseverb ● i-verb
погълнаpoglъnadevourverb ● e-verb
погълнаpogъlnaswallowverb ● e-verb
погълтамpogъltamswallowverb ● a-verb
погыбнѫтиpogybnǫtiperishverb ● e-verbCS
подpodunderpreposition ● with inst (locative) or acc (lative)
подавамpodavamrenderverb ● a-verb
подавникpodavniksubject, vassalnoun ● o-stemRBE: link
подавяpodavjadrownverb ● i-verb
подамpodamrenderverb ● irregular3sg.prs podade
подарувамpodaruvamgive a giftverb ● a-verb
подбераpodberabegin, raise, attackverb ● e-verbPunčo uses the first meaning ('begin'). For other uses, RBE: link
подвземаpodvzemacontinue, resolveverb ● e-verb
подвигpodvigheroic deednoun ● o-stem
подвигнѫтиpodvignǫtiresolveverb ● e-verbCS
подвижникpodvižnikresolute onenoun ● o-stem
подвизатиpodvizatistrive, raiseverb ● e-verbCS
подеквамpodekvamquarrelverb ● a-verbBAN I 334: dekam, dekvam, dekna 'karam se, vikam', < de (2) 'meždumetie za podkarvane na dobiče', (3) 'častica za podkanvane'
подемаpodemaliftverb ● e-verbIrregular in CS: EuthDict podъęti, 1sg.prs podъimǫ 'izdigna, priema' (link)
подивяpodivjabe amazedverb ● i-verb
подирpodiralongpreposition ●
подканаpodkanaresolutionnoun ● ā-stem
подканливpodkanlivresoluteadjective ● hard stem
подканяpodkanjadecideverb ● i-verb
подкладяpodkladjastart a fireverb ● i-verb
подливамpodlivampour the bottomverb ● a-verb
подмажаpodmažasmearverb ● e-verb
подместяpodmestjasublateverb ● i-verb
подновяpodnovjarenewverb ● i-verb
подносяpodnosjawear new clothes dailyverb ● i-verbrechnik.chitanka: podnosvam 'započvam da nosja nova drexa vseki den'
подобавамpodobavambe appropriateverb ● a-verb
подобатиpodobatihave to, be appropriateverb ● e-verbMiklosich: podobati 'dein, oportere'
подобенpodobenappropriate, similaradjective ● hard stemCS
подосадяpodosadjabecome annoyingverb ● i-verb
подояpodojabreastfeedverb ● i-verb
подпаляpodpaljaignite, set on a fireverb ● i-verb
подписвамpodpisvamsubscribe, signatureverb ● a-verb
подпишаpodpišasubscribe, signatureverb ● e-verb
подпожарвамpodpožarvamignite, set on a fireverb ● a-verb
подражавамpodražavamimitateverb ● a-verbAn e-verb in CS.
подсвояpodsvojaappropriate, takeverb ● i-verb
подслоняpodslonjatake coververb ● i-verb
подсмеяpodsmějalaugh offverb ● e-verb
подстрижаpodstrižashorten hair (make one a monk)verb ● e-verb
подумамpodumamtellverb ● a-verbDemina et al. 2012:690 - podumam 'produmam, kaža nešto, progovorja'
подъклонитиpodъklonitiinclineverb ● i-verbCS
подържаpodъržaholdverb ● i-verb
поемаpoematakeverb ● e-verbCS poęti, 2sg.prs poimeši
поемамpoemamtakeverb ● a-verbCS poimati, 2sg.prs poimaeši or poemleši
пожаляpožaljafeel sorryverb ● i-verb
пожелаяpoželajawishverb ● e-verb
поживеяpoživejalive for some timeverb ● e-verb
позастареяpozastarejabecome oldverb ● e-verb
позденpozdenlateadjective ● hard stemCS
поздравяpozdravjagreetverb ● i-verb
позлатяpozlatjagoldenverb ● i-verb
познавамpoznavamknowverb ● a-verb
познаяpoznajaknow, understandverb ● e-verb
позоваpozovacallverb ● e-verb
поискамpoiskamwishverb ● a-verb
пойграяpoigrajaplay a littleverb ● e-verb
пойдаpoidago, leaveverb ● e-verb
покадяpokadjaput incenseverb ● i-verb
покажаpokažashowverb ● e-verb
показвамpokazvamshowverb ● a-verb
покайвамpokaivamrepentverb ● a-verb
покаяpokajarepentverb ● e-verb
покаяниеpokajanierepentancenoun ● jo-stem
покланявамpoklonjavambow down, worshipverb ● a-verbCarski: 3sg.aor pokloneva (se)
покланямpoklanjambow down, worshipverb ● a-verb
поклонpoklonkneelingnoun ● o-stem
поклонениеpoklonenieworshipnoun ● jo-stem
поклоняpoklonjaworship, bow, give a presentverb ● i-verbThe meaning 'worship' is common everywhere in Slavic, requiring a reflexive construction. The meaning 'give a present', attested in Punčo's Sbornik, is also known from SC, it is considered "archaic" by RBE.
поклѧкнѫтиpoklęknǫtibow downverb ● e-verbCS
покоиpokoipeace, restnoun ● jo-stem
поколебаяpokolebajatiltverb ● e-verb
покораpokorapenancenoun ● ā-stemCarski: pocora. BAN V 483: pokora 'globa, nakazanie; kanon, cărkovno nakazanie'; slk. pokora 'humilitas' .
покорениеpokoreniehumblenessnoun ● jo-stem
покорливpokorlivhumbleadjective ● hard stem
покорноpokornohumblyadverb ●
покоряpokorjasubdueverb ● i-verb
покривалоpokrivalocover, sheetnoun ● o-stem
покривамpokrivamcoververb ● a-verb
покрияpokrijacoververb ● e-verb
покровpokrovcovernoun ● o-stemThe meaning is broader in CS, in mod. BG it is limited to sheets used in church and covering the dead, or poetically (RBE: here).
покровителpokrovitelprotectornoun ● jo-stem
покръстяpokrъstjabaptizeverb ● i-verb
покъпяpokъpjabatheverb ● e-verb
полpolsex, halfnoun ● monosyllabicDenotes the biological gender in modern BG. The CS polъ has a broader meaning 'side' (RBE: Miklosich).
полаpolaskirtnoun ● ā-stem
полагамpolagamlay downverb ● a-verb
полатаpolatapalacenoun ● ā-stem
полеpolefieldnoun ● jo-stem
полежаpoležalay a littleverb ● i-verb
полезенpolezenusefuladjective ● hard stemCS polьzьnъ
полеяpolejapourverb ● e-verb
ползаpolzause, goodnoun ● ā-stem
ПолидворушPolidvorušPolydorusnoun ● jo-stem
полижаpoližalickverb ● e-verb
ПоликшенаPolikšenaPolyxenanoun ● ā-stem
ПолинещерPolinešterPolymestornoun ● o-stem
политикаpolitikapoliticsnoun ● ā-stem
половинаpolovinahalfnoun ● ā-stem
положаpoložaplaceverb ● i-verb
полскиpolskiof fieldadjective ● hard stem
полудеяpoludejabecome madverb ● e-verb
полунощpolunoštmidnightnoun ● i-stem
полунощенpolunoštennorthernadjective ● hard stem
получаpolučareceiveverb ● i-verb
получавамpolučavamreceiveverb ● a-verb
получениеpolučeniereceiptnoun ● jo-stem
полюбитиpoljubitikissverb ● i-verbCS
полянаpoljanagladenoun ● ā-stem
помагамpomagamhelpverb ● a-verb
помажаpomažasmearverb ● e-verb
поменpomenrememberancenoun ● o-stem
поменаpomenarememberverb ● e-verb
поменувамpomenuvamrememberverb ● a-verb
поместяpomestjamoveverb ● i-verb
пометаpometasweepverb ● e-verb
помилвамpomilvamhave mercyverb ● a-verb
поминаpominapass, perishverb ● e-verb
поминамpominamrememberverb ● a-verb
поминувамpominuvampass, perishverb ● a-verb
помиратиpomiratiperishverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
помиришаpomirišasmellverb ● e-verb
помислювамpomisljuvamthinkverb ● a-verbDemina et al. 2012:708 - pomysljuvam 'pomisljam, razsъždavam vъrxu nešto'
помисляpomisljathinkverb ● i-verb
помисълpomisъlthoughtnoun ● i-stem
помняpomnjarememberverb ● i-verb
помогнаpomognahelpverb ● e-verb
помогнувамpomognuvamhelpverb ● a-verb
помоляpomoljaprayverb ● i-verb
поморpomorplaguenoun ● o-stemBAN V 512: pomor 'epidemija'
помощpomošthelpnoun ● i-stem
помощникpomoštnikhelpernoun ● o-stem
помощницаpomoštnicahelper (fem.)noun ● jā-stem
помраpomradie outverb ● e-verb
помрачаpomračadarkenverb ● e-verb
помрачавамpomračavamdarkenverb ● a-verb
помръкнаpomrъknabecome darkverb ● e-verb
помрятиpomrětiperishverb ● e-verbCS
помышлятиpomyšljaticonsider, think aboutverb ● e-verbCS
понежеponežebecauseconjunction ●
понесаponesacarryverb ● e-verb
поникнѫтиponiknǫtilook downverb ● e-verbCS
понуждатиponuždatineedverb ● e-verbCS; EuthDict gives both ponouždati and ponǫždati as one lemma.
пообладатиpoobladaticonquerverb ● e-verbCS
поотдъхнаpootdъxnahave a little restverb ● e-verb
попpoppriestnoun ● monosyllabic
попадамpopadamfall (a number of things)verb ● a-verb
попаляpopaljaburn (a number of things)verb ● i-verb
попасаpopasagraze a littleverb ● e-verb
попечениеpopečenieeffortnoun ● jo-stemCS
попиратиpopiratirenounceverb ● e-verbCS
попитамpopitamaskverb ● a-verb
поплачаpoplačacry a littleverb ● e-verb
поповpopovpriest'sadjective ● hard stem
попразнувамpopraznuvamcelebrateverb ● a-verb
попущениеpopušteniepermitnoun ● jo-stemCS
попържаpopъržaroast a bitverb ● i-verb
поработяporabotjawork a bit, subjugateverb ● i-verbMiklosich: porabotati 'douloun, subigere'. Punčo prefers the CS meaning.
порадиporadibecausepreposition ● CS po+radi - the first element governs dative or locative, and the second, genitive
поразоумѣтиporazoumětiperceive, understandverb ● e-verbCS
поразувамporazuvamkill, defeat, strikeverb ● a-verb
поразяporazjakill, defeat, strikeverb ● i-verb
порастяporastjagrow a littleverb ● e-verb
поревнаporevnazealously wishverb ● a-verbDemina et al. 2012:717 - porevna se, porevne mi se 'priiska mi se, porevne se mi nešto'
поробениеporobenieenthrallmentnoun ● jo-stemLemma is not found in our dictionaries in the given form (the closest is that of Miklosich: poroblenije 'servitus'), although it is common in literature.
поробяporobjaenthrall, subdueverb ● i-verb
породporodbirth, fruit, offspringnoun ● o-stemBAN V 530 - porod 'rožba, plod, zavrъz' (Gerov)
породяporodjagive birthverb ● i-verb
пороняporonjashedverb ● i-verb
поросяporosjasprinkleverb ● i-verb
пороченporočentaintedadjective ● hard stemCS - usually appears in negation, i.e. as neporočen 'untainted'. BAN V 531: porok 'osъditelen nedostatъk na xaraktera'
поруганиеporuganiederisionnoun ● jo-stem
поръчаporъčagive orderverb ● i-verb
поръчамporъčamgive orderverb ● a-verb
порѫчьникporǫčьnikwitness, warrantnoun ● o-stemCS
посадяposadjamount, get intoverb ● i-verb
посакамposakamask for somethingverb ● a-verb
посвестяposvestjacome to sensesverb ● i-verb
посветяposvetjacanonize, dedicateverb ● i-verbModern BG posvetja means 'dedicate'. Appears with an abbreviated root. The meaning in Tixon.d. goes back to CS (Miklosich - posvęštati 'sanctificare').
посвоювамposvojuvamappropriateverb ● a-verb
посегнаposegnareach, touchverb ● e-verbCS posęgnǫti
поседяposedjasit a littleverb ● i-verb
посекаposekacut downverb ● e-verb
посеяposejasowverb ● e-verb
посипвамposipvamspill onverb ● a-verb
посипяposipjaspill onverb ● e-verb
поскръжитиposkrъžitignaw a bitverb ● i-verbCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael
посланицаposlanicamessagenoun ● jā-stemCS?
послатиposlatisendverb ● e-verbCS
послеposleafterwardsadverb ●
последвамposledvamfollowverb ● a-verb
последенposledenlast, followingadjective ● hard stem
последокposledokfinalnoun ● o-stem
послугувамposluguvamserveverb ● a-verb
послужаposlužaserveverb ● i-verb
послушамposlušamobey, listenverb ● a-verb
послушливposlušlivobeyingadjective ● hard stem
послушникposlušnikapprentice, followernoun ● o-stemCS poslušьnikъ 'auditor'
послѣждеposlěždeafterwardsadverb ● CS
посмехposměxmockerynoun ● o-stem
посмеяposmějalaugh a little, mockverb ● e-verb
пособитиposobitihelpverb ● i-verbCS
пособьницаposobьnicahelper (fem.)noun ● jā-stemCS
посокаposokadirectionnoun ● ā-stem
посочаposočapointverb ● i-verb
поспаpospasleep a littleverb ● i-verb
поспѣтиpospětibe succesful, reach, benefit ● e-verbCS
поспѣхъpospěxhastenoun ● o-stemCS
поспѣшениеpospěšeniesuccess, progress, help, zealnoun ● jo-stemCS
поспѣшитиpospěšitigive help, hasteverb ● i-verbCS
поспѣшьствоватиpospěšьstvovatigive helpverb ● e-verbCS
посрамяposramjaput a shameverb ● i-verb
посредposredin the middlepreposition ● with gen
посредственposredstvenmediatedadjective ● hard stem
посрещнаposreštnameetverb ● e-verb
постpostfastingnoun ● o-stem
поставяpostavjaplace, buildverb ● i-verb
поставямpostavjamplace, buildverb ● a-verb
постеляposteljacouchnoun ● jā-stem
постеля (2)postelja (2)make a bedverb ● i-verb
постенpostenof fastingadjective ● hard stem
постенеpostenefastingnoun ● jo-stem
постигнаpostignareach, attainverb ● e-verb
постилкаpostilkabeddingnoun ● ā-stem
постникpostnikhermitnoun ● o-stem
постницаpostnicahermit womannoun ● jā-stemRBE: link
постояpostojastay a littleverb ● i-verb
пострадамpostradamsufferverb ● a-verb
пострахувамpostraxuvamfear a little, sufferverb ● a-verbPunčo maybe used the word instead of postradam.
постяpostjafastverb ● i-verb
посъдяposъdjajudgeverb ● i-verb
посърнаposъrnabecome dullverb ● e-verb
посягамposjagamreachverb ● e-verbCS posęgati
потpotsweatnoun ● i-stem
потаенpotaensecretadjective ● hard stem
потайноpotainosecretlyadverb ●
потапямpotapjamsinkverb ● a-verb
потаяpotajahideverb ● i-verb
потворникpotvornikslanderernoun ● o-stemCS
потегляpotegljasufferverb ● i-verb
потегнаpotegnastretchverb ● e-verb
потекаpotekaflowverb ● e-verb
потенpotensweatyadjective ● hard stem
потомpotomthenadverb ● CS po tomь (sg.loc) 'after that'.
потонѫтиpotonǫtisinkverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
потопpotopfloodnoun ● o-stem
потопаpotopafloodnoun ● ā-stem
потопяpotopjadrownverb ● i-verb
потопявамpotopjavamsinkverb ● a-verb
потражаpotražasearch a littleverb ● i-verb
потребаpotrebause, neednoun ● ā-stem
потребенpotrebenneededadjective ● hard stem
потребияpotrebijaneed, goodsnoun ● jā-stemUsed as a jā-stem by Punčo, possibly going back to a n.pl form of CS potrebie. Neither the form nor the meaning 'goods' are found in BG dictionaries (e.g. BAN V 559, Demina et al. 2011:732).
потребяpotrebjaannihilate, consumeverb ● i-verbCS potrěbiti, ipf. potrěbljati
потреперяpotreperjatremble a littleverb ● i-verb
потресаpotresashake a littleverb ● e-verb
потретяpotretjarepeat againverb ● i-verb
ПотриколушPotrikolušPatroclusnoun ● jo-stem
потропаpotropaknockverb ● e-verb
потрудяpotrudjawork a bit, concentrateverb ● i-verbReflexive - potrudja se.
потрѣбоватиpotrěbovatineedverb ● e-verbCS
потрѫбитиpotrǫbiti
потъмнеяpotъmnejabecome darkverb ● e-verb
потънаpotъnadrownverb ● e-verb
потъпквамpotъpkvamdishonorverb ● a-verb
потъпяpotъpjadishonorverb ● i-verb
потърпяpotъrpjamake sufferverb ● i-verb
потърсяpotъrsjasearch a littleverb ● i-verb
потъщатиpotъštatistruggleverb ● i-verbCS
поучаpoučateachverb ● i-verbCS poučiti, 1sg.prs poučǫ, 2sg poučiši
поучителенpoučitelenteachingadjective ● hard stemCS poučatelьnъ
пофалаpofalapraisenoun ● ā-stemBG poxvala
пофанаpofanaholdverb ● e-verbBG poxvana
пофуляpofuljacurseverb ● i-verbA dialectal variant of poxulja.
похвалаpoxvalapraisenoun ● ā-stem
похваленpoxvalenpraisingadjective ● hard stem
похваляpoxvaljapraiseverb ● i-verb
походвамpoxodvamwalk a bit, visitverb ● a-verb
похоротувамpoxorotuvamchatverb ● a-verbRBE: xorotja (Demina 2021:1084). Other spellings include xoratuvam (RBE: link), xortuvam (rechnik.chitanka: link) etc.
похотенpoxotenlustfuladjective ● hard stemCS
похракатиpoxrakaticlear throatverb ● e-verbCS
похраняpoxranjafeed a bitverb ● i-verb
похуляpoxuljacurseverb ● i-verb
поцелувамpoceluvamkissverb ● a-verb
почакамpočakamwait a littleverb ● a-verb
почекнаpočeknainjureverb ● e-verbrechnik.chitanka: čekna 'raztvarjam mnogo silno, do bolka'
почестpočesthonor (act of honoring)noun ● i-stem
почестноpočestnohonorablyadverb ●
почетаpočetahonor, celebrateverb ● e-verb
почетенpočetenrespectableadjective ● hard stem
почетливpočetlivrespectfuladjective ● hard stem
починаpočinalay to rest (die)verb ● e-verb
почитамpočitamhonor, celebrateverb ● a-verb
почнаpočnabeginverb ● e-verbCS počęti. If used as an auxiliary verb, the main verb is in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
почръстиpočrъstidraw waterverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy. Also počrěti.
почтоpočtowhyconjunction ● CS. Its construction (po+čьto lit. 'for what') is identic in sense to later BG zašto.
почудяpočudjawonderverb ● i-verb
почуяpočujahearverb ● e-verb
почьститиpočьstitihonorverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
пошегувамpošeguvamhave funverb ● a-verb
пояpojagive a drinkverb ● i-verb
поямpojameat a littleverb ● irregular3sg.prs pojade
поясpojasbeltnoun ● o-stem
прабабаprababaforemothernoun ● ā-stem
правpravright, justadjective ● hard stem
правдаpravdatruth, justicenoun ● jā-stem
правдинаpravdinatruth, justicenoun ● ā-stemCarski's word. Mauricio: Praudina 'giustizia'
праведенpravedenrighteousadjective ● hard stemCS pravьdьnъ
праведникpravednikrighteousnoun ● o-stem
праведноpravednorighteouslyadverb ●
правилоpraviloprayer manualnoun ● o-stem
правителpravitelmakernoun ● jo-stem
правоpravorightlyadverb ●
правоверенpravoverenorthodoxadjective ● hard stem
правоверноpravovernoorthodoxlyadverb ●
православенpravoslavenorthodoxadjective ● hard stem
православиеpravoslavieorthodoxynoun ● jo-stemMiklosich: pravoslavie 'theologia'. The meaning 'orthodoxy' is likely newer (while, of course, preceding the label "Orthodoxy" for Eastern churches), but histdict.uni-sofia has already a lemma pravoslovьcь 'orѳodoѯos'.
правяpravjamakeverb ● i-verb
прадедpradedforefathernoun ● o-stem
празенprazenemptyadjective ● hard stemCS prazdьnъ
празникpraznikfeast, holidaynoun ● o-stemCS prazdьnikъ
празнинаprazninavanitynoun ● ā-stemRBE: link
празнувамpraznuvamhave a feastverb ● a-verb
праотецpraotecforefathernoun ● jo-stemCS
пратяpratjasendverb ● i-verbPunčo uses the verb often with an imperfective meaning.
прахpraxdustnoun ● monosyllabicAn o-stem in CS.
преpreforpreposition ● with acc? (in SK)CS pro, po. A Slovakism?
пребивамprebivamdwellverb ● a-verbThe prefix corresponds to CS prě-
пребиваниеprebivaniedwellingnoun ● jo-stemCS prěbyvanie
пребитлъкprebitlъkprofitnoun ● o-stemPunčo's word, translating CS pribytъkъ, with the (originally Turkish) abstract suffix -lъk.
преблагословяpreblagoslovjaexceedingly blessverb ● i-verb
преблаженpreblaženmost blessedadjective ● hard stem
преборяpreborjadefeatverb ● i-verb
преброяprebrojacount throughverb ● i-verb
пребъдаprebъdaspend timeverb ● e-verb
пребягнаpreběgnarun to the other sideverb ● e-verb
преваряprevarjaovertakeverb ● i-verb
преведаprevedatransfer, translateverb ● e-verbCS prěvesti
превеликprevelikmost greatadjective ● hard stem
превземаprevzemaovertakeverb ● e-verb
превръщамprevrъštamconvert, turnverb ● a-verb
превържаprevъržabind oververb ● e-verb
превърнаprevъrnaconvert, turnverb ● e-verb
прегрешаpregrešatransgressverb ● i-verb
прегрешениеpregrešeniesinnoun ● jo-stem
предpredin frontpreposition ● with inst (locative) or acc (lative)CS prědъ
предаpredaweaveverb ● e-verb
предавамpredavamgive over, betrayverb ● a-verb
предамpredamgive over, betrayverb ● irregular3sg.prs predade
преданиеpredaniebetrayalnoun ● jo-stem
предателpredatelbetrayernoun ● jo-stem
предваряpredvarjaovertakeverb ● i-verb
предвеченpredvečenpreceding the agesadjective ● hard stem
пределpredelbordernoun ● o-stemCS prědělъ
преденpredenforemostadjective ● hard stem
предивенpredivenmost wondrousadjective ● hard stem
предисловиеpredislovieintroductionnoun ● jo-stem
предрагpredragmost dearadjective ● hard stemCS (Miklosich: prědragъ 'hypertimios, summo honore habendus'), but found in Carski (as f.sg pridraga).
предстанаpredstanastand in frontverb ● e-verb
предстателствоpredstatelstvodefence, helpnoun ● o-stem
предстателствоватиpredstatelstvovatistand in frontverb ● e-verb
предстояpredstojastand in frontverb ● i-verb
предстоятелpredstojatelrepresentativenoun ● jo-stem
ПредтечаPredtečaForerunnernoun ● jā-stemAn attribute of John the Baptist.
предумамpredumampersuadeverb ● a-verb
предумвамpredumvampersuadeverb ● a-verb
преждеpreždepreviously, earlieradverb ● CS prěžde
преженpreženprevious, ancientadjective ● hard stemCS prěždьnь
преживеяpreživejalive throughverb ● e-verb
презprezthroughpreposition ● with genCS prezъ
презвитерprezviterpresbyternoun ● o-stem
презраprezraignore, disregardverb ● e-verb
преклоняpreklonjabendverb ● i-verb
прекрасенprekrasenmost beautifuladjective ● hard stem
прекрияprekrijacoververb ● e-verb
прекръстяprekrъstjacross (gesture)verb ● i-verb
прекъснаprekъsnainterruptverb ● e-verb
прелеяprelejapour outverb ● e-verb
прелукавprelukavmost eviladjective ● hard stem
прелъстprelъstdeception, seductionnoun ● i-stem
прелъстникprelъstnikdeceivernoun ● o-stem
прелъстяprelъstjadeceive, seduceverb ● i-verb
прелъстявамprelъstjavamdeceive, seduceverb ● a-verb
прелъщамprelъštamdeceive, seduceverb ● a-verb
прелъщениеprelъšteniedeception, seductionnoun ● jo-stem
прелюбодейницаpreljubodeinicaadulterous womannoun ● jā-stemCS
прелюбодействоpreljubodeistvoadulterynoun ● jo-stemCS
прелюбодеяниеpreljubodejanieadulterynoun ● jo-stemCS
премагамpremagamoverpower, prevailverb ● a-verb
пременяpremenjachange clothesverb ● i-verb
пременяванеpremenjavanechanging of clothesnoun ● jo-stem
премилостивpremilostivmost mercifuladjective ● hard stem
преминаpreminapass throughverb ● e-verb
преминавамpreminavampass throughverb ● a-verb
премлъквамpremlъkvamconcealverb ● a-verb
премлъкнаpremlъknabecome silentverb ● e-verb
премногpremnogmost numerousadjective ● hard stem
премогаpremogaoverpower, prevailverb ● e-verb
премъдриpremъdrimost wiseadjective ● hard stem
премъдростpremъdrostsuperior wisdomnoun ● i-stem
премянаpreměnaclothesnoun ● ā-stem
пренесаprenesatransfer, translateverb ● e-verb
пренощевамprenoštevamspend nightverb ● a-verb
преображаpreobražatransfigureverb ● i-verb
преобращамpreobraštamturn oververb ● a-verb
преобърнаpreobъrnaturn oververb ● e-verb
преораpreoraplow throughverb ● e-verb
преосвещенpreosveštenmost holyadjective ● hard stem
препирамprepiramargueverb ● a-verb
преписувамprepisuvamrewriteverb ● a-verb
препишаprepišarewriteverb ● e-verb
преподобенprepodobenReverendadjective ● hard stemAn attribute of hermit saints (like Petka).
преподобиеprepodobiesainthoodnoun ● jo-stem
препоясаниеprěpojasanieloinclothnoun ● jo-stemCS
препрославяpreproslavjapraise a lotverb ● i-verb
пререкателprerekatelcontendernoun ● jo-stemLikely based on CS prěrešti 'erizein, contendere'.
пресатонаpresatonadeceive, persuadeverb ● i-verbA not fully clear verb used e.g. in chapters 042 and 063, likely related to sotona 'Satan', satunosvam 'izmamvam' (BAN VI 511).
пресветълpresvětъlmost shinyadjective ● hard stem
пресвятpresvętmost holyadjective ● hard stem
преседяpresedjasit for some timeverb ● i-verb
пресилвамpresilvamforceverb ● a-verb
пресиляpresiljaforceverb ● i-verb
ПреславPreslavPreslavnoun ● o-stem
преславенpreslavenmost gloriousadjective ● hard stem
преставамprestavamceaseverb ● a-verb
преставлениеprestavlenietransposition, deathnoun ● jo-stemCS prěstavlenie 1. 'metathesis, transpositio', 2. 'metastasis, amotio', 3. 'transitus', 4. 'koimēsis, mors'
преставяprestavjaadjust, dieverb ● i-verb
престанаprestanaceaseverb ● e-verbCS prěstati
престолprestolthronenoun ● o-stemCS prěstolъ
преструвамprestruvamtransformverb ● a-verb
престъпвамprestъpvamstep over, transgressverb ● a-verb
престъплениеprestъplenietransgressionnoun ● jo-stem
престъпяprestъpjastep over, transgressverb ● i-verb
пресушаpresušadry throughverb ● i-verb
пресъхнаpresъxnadry throughverb ● e-verb
претварявамpretvarjavamchange into, turnverb ● e-verb
претворяpretvorjachange into, turnverb ● i-verb
претекаpretekapursue, overtakeverb ● e-verb
претичамpretičampursueverb ● a-verb
претрияpretrijasmearverb ● e-verb
претърпяpretъrpjasuffer throughverb ● i-verb
претяpretjaforbid, intimidate, threatenverb ● i-verbRBE: link.
префанаprefanatake oververb ● e-verbBG prexvana
прехапяprexapjabite throughverb ● e-verb
прехвалноprexvalnopraiseworthilyadverb ● BG
прехубавprexubavmost beautifuladjective ● hard stem
пречестенprečestenmost honorableadjective ● hard stem
пречистprečistmost pureadjective ● hard stem
пречистяprečistjapurifyverb ● i-verb
приpribypreposition ● with loc
прибежищеpribežišterefugenoun ● jo-stem
прибераpriberacome homeverb ● e-verb
прибивамpribivambeatverb ● a-verb
прибияpribijabeatverb ● e-verb
приближаpribližacome closerverb ● i-verb
приближавамpribližavamcome closerverb ● a-verb
прибързяpribъrzjaaccelerateverb ● i-verb
прибытиpribytibecome moreverb ● irregularFrom the Legend of Troy.
прибягнаpriběgnarun toverb ● e-verb
приведаprivedalead inverb ● e-verb
привеждамpriveždamlead inverb ● a-verb
привезаprivezabind onverb ● e-verbBAN I 128: veza, vežem (1) 'vrъzvam' < CS vęzati, 1.sg.prs vęžǫ
привезвамprivezvambind onverb ● a-verb
привидениеprividenievisionnoun ● jo-stemCS
привикамprivikamyell, moanverb ● a-verb
привикувамprivikuvamyell, moanverb ● a-verb
привлачамprivlačambring (by pulling)verb ● a-verb
привлекаprivlekabring (by pulling)verb ● e-verb
приводяprivodjabring inverb ● i-verbRBE: link
пригледамprigledamwatchverb ● a-verb
пригледвамprigledvamwatchverb ● a-verb
пригонитиprigonitidrive, move closerverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
приготвяprigotvjaprepareverb ● i-verb
приготвямprigotvjamprepareverb ● a-verb
пригреяprigrejaheat upverb ● e-verb
пригърнаprigъrnaembraceverb ● e-verb
придамpridamaddverb ● irregularRBE: dam
придежскиpridežskiof Pedasusadjective ● hard stemSee above. Although used in plural (pridežьskyǫ otoky), following sentences speak of only one island, likely denoting the area around Pedasus, which is, indeed, separated by a river from the rest of Troas. Veselovskij (1888:83) traces the episode (fight between Achilles and Tenes) to Ovid, who has Lesbon there.
ПридешPridešPedasusnoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. The name also appears spelled prišedъ, likely under influence of the ptcp.aor.act of priti, thus denoting 'the king, who had come (to Troas)'. Original spelling may have been *Pidašь (< pēdasus).
ПридичевPridičevof Pridičadjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Unclear name of the father of Palamideš (i.e. Palamedes - son of Nauplius in the Epic Cycle). Translated by Ruseva as 'Friksov'.
приединитиpriedinitiuniteverb ● i-verbCS; Miklosich: prijediniti sę 'unire'
приемаpriemaaccept, receiveverb ● e-verbCS prięti. Punčo sometimes makes a nǫ-stem from it (e.g. da priemne), likely to emphasize the perfective meaning.
приемамpriemamaccept, receiveverb ● a-verb
прижийскиprižiiskiof Pedasus, Phrygianadjective ● hard stemSee above.
ПрижияPrižiaPedasus, Phrygianoun ● jā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Unclear, mentioned as the city of Prideš (Pedasus?), but also as the tribe, from which Ajax originated (island of Salamis in the Epic Cycle).
призиздатиprizizdatiadd a buildingverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
призирамpriziramwatchverb ● a-verbRBE: link
призоваprizovacall, inviteverb ● e-verb
призовавамprizovavamcall, inviteverb ● a-verb
призраprizralook with favorverb ● e-verbMiklosich: prizrěti 'epiblepein, inspicere'
приидаpriidacomeverb ● e-verb
прикажаprikažatellverb ● e-verbAlso used in sense 'make oneself known' by Punčo.
приказprikazstorynoun ● o-stem
приказвамprikazvamtellverb ● a-verb
приказванеprikazvanestorynoun ● jo-stem
приказкаprikazkastory, fantasynoun ● ā-stem
прикарамprikarambringverb ● a-verb
приклонитиprikloniticlineverb ● i-verbCS
прикоснаprikosnacome closerverb ● e-verb
прикривяprikrivjabendverb ● i-verb
прикривяваmprikrivjavambendverb ● a-verb
прикъснаprikъsnashorten, interruptverb ● e-verb
прилагамprilagambe possible, lay down, be similar, addverb ● a-verbCS prilagati, prilěgati (e-verb)
прилазяprilazjacrawl toverb ● i-verb
прилегнаprilegnabe possible, lay down, be similar, addverb ● e-verb
прилежаниеpriležaniehard worknoun ● jo-stemCS
прилеженprileženhard workingadjective ● hard stemCS both priležьnъ and prilěžьnъ.
прилежноpriležnodulyadverb ●
прилепяprilepjastickverb ● i-verb
приликаprilikalooksnoun ● ā-stem
приличамpriličambe similar, appropriateverb ● a-verb
приличенpriličensimilar, appropriateadjective ● hard stem
приложаpriložalayverb ● i-verb
прилоучитиprilučitihappen, appearverb ● i-verbCS priloučiti sę 'accidere'
примиряprimirjamake peaceverb ● i-verb
примъкнѫтиprimъknǫtibring, moor (a ship)verb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
примъчнаprimъčnabecome torturingverb ● e-verb
принесаprinesabringverb ● e-verb
принесениеprineseniedeliverynoun ● jo-stemCS
приникнаpriniknaleanverb ● e-verbBAN IV 645: prinikna 'naveždam se'
приносяprinosjabringverb ● i-verb
припадамpripadamfall toverb ● a-verb
припаднаpripadnafall toverb ● e-verb
припастиpripastifall toverb ● e-verbCS. See above pasti.
припекаpripekaheat upverb ● e-verb
припечеляpripečeljagain additionallyverb ● i-verb
припишаpripišawrite a noteverb ● e-verb
приплакамpriplakamcryverb ● a-verb
приплашаpriplašascare offverb ● i-verb
припсувамpripsuvamcurseverb ● a-verb
приристатиpriristatihaste toverb ● e-verbCS
природенprirodenadditionally bornadjective ● hard stem
прискръбенpriskrъbensadadjective ● hard stem
прислушникprislušnikeavesdropper, servantnoun ● o-stemMiklosich: prislušati 'obedire'
присмесяprismesjamix amongverb ● i-verbNot in dictionaries, Berl.d.-editor uses it to translate sъlikъstvovati.
присмехprismexmockerynoun ● o-stem
присмехулкаprismexulkamocking womannoun ● ā-stemBAN V 732
присмеяprismějamockverb ● e-verb
присмивамprismivammockverb ● a-verb
присноprisnoalwaysadverb ● CS
приспетиprispětireachverb ● e-verbCS
приставинpristavinservantnoun ● ethno-stemBAN V 734: pristav 'načalnik na policejski učastăk', dial. 'rataj, sluga'
пристанаpristanaland (a ship)verb ● e-verb
пристанищеpristaništeharbornoun ● jo-stem
пристъпяpristъpjastep closerverb ● i-verb
присъдяprisъdjaassign by judgementverb ● i-verb
присъждамprisъždamassign by judgementverb ● a-verb
притекаpritekarun toverb ● e-verbCS pritěkati
притчаpritčastorynoun ● jā-stemCS pritъča
прифанаprifanahold closelyverb ● e-verb
приходяprixodjacomeverb ● i-verb
прихождамprixoždamcomeverb ● a-verb
причестяpričestjacommunicate, take part (in Eucharist)verb ● i-verbCS pričęstiti
причетаpričetacount amongverb ● e-verb
причитамpričitamhonorverb ● a-verb
причьтъpričьtъclergynoun ● o-stemCS
причѧщавамpričęštavamcommunicate, eatverb ● a-verbPunčo uses both e and a in the root.
причѧщатиpričęštaticommunicate, eatverb ● e-verbCS
причѧщениеpričęštenieEucharistnoun ● jo-stemCS. BAN V 685: prečest 'pričastie'; BAN V 743: pričastie 'vino s prosfora, davano na xristijani po vreme na pričastjavane, komka'
пришествиеprišestvieadvent, comingnoun ● jo-stemCS
пришълецprišъlecnewcomernoun ● jo-stemCS prišьlьcь; in Punčo we also find spelling prišalecь.
пробивамprobivambreak throughverb ● a-verb
проблѣдѣтиproblědětibecome paleverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
прободаprobodapierceverb ● e-verb
проваждамprovaždamspendverb ● a-verb
проваляprovaljabreakverb ● i-verb
проведаprovedalead throughverb ● e-verb
провидяprovidjasee throughverb ● i-verb
проводяprovodjaspend (time)verb ● i-verb
провождамprovoždamspend (time)verb ● a-verb
провожданиеprovoždaniespending (time)noun ● jo-stem
провъзвѣститиprovъzvěstitiannounceverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
прогледамprogledamstart to seeverb ● a-verb
прогледвамprogledvamstart to seeverb ● a-verb
прогнѣватиprogněvatiangerverb ● e-verbCS
прогънатиprogъnatiexpelverb ● e-verbCS, 1sg.prs proženǫ
продавамprodavamsellverb ● a-verb
продаванеprodavanesellingnoun ● jo-stem
продамprodamsellverb ● a-verb
продумамprodumamstart to speakverb ● a-verb
продумвамprodumvamstart to speakverb ● a-verb
прозваниеprozvanienamenoun ● jo-stemCS
прозирамprozirambegin to seeverb ● a-verb
прозорецprozorecwindownoun ● jo-stem
прозраprozrabegin to seeverb ● i-verb
проидаproidapassverb ● e-verb
произведаproizvedaproduceverb ● e-verb
произидаproizidaoriginateverb ● e-verb
проказаprokazaevil, leprosynoun ● ā-stem
проказувамprokazuvamdeclareverb ● a-verbUnclear, Punčo's word is likely based on kazvam 'say'. BAN V 754 also mentions prokaznik 'nemirnik, ludetina' (likely a RU influence, but based on CS prokaziti 'kill, abort pregnancy'), and 'declare something crazy' would fit into the context.
проклинамproklinamcurseverb ● a-verb
проклятиеproklętiecursenoun ● jo-stemBG prokljatie. Punčo sometimes makes an jā-stem out of it (sg.acc golemu prokletiju).
ПрокопийProkopiiProcopiusnoun ● new i-stem
ПрокоповProkopovof Procopiusadjective ● hard stemThe form mit -ov is commonly used by Punčo.
прокълнаprokъlnacurseverb ● e-verbThe adj. proklet 'accursed' is handled as a past participle (Vmpa) of this lemma. The participle is indeed used in passive constructions like da bude prokletь 'may he be accursed'.
пролазяprolazjacrawl throughverb ● i-verb
пролетенproletenof springadjective ● hard stem
пролеяprolejaspend, pourverb ● e-verb
проливамprolivamspend, pourverb ● a-verb
прологprologforewordnoun ● o-stem
проминаprominapassverb ● e-verbCS prominǫti
проминавамprominavampassverb ● a-verb
пронорьливъpronorьliveviladjective ● hard stemCS
пропастpropastabyssnoun ● i-stem
проповядамpropovědamannounceverb ● a-verb
проповяданиеpropovědanieannouncementnoun ● jo-stem
проповядникpropovědnikheroldnoun ● o-stem
пропъдяpropъdjaexpelverb ● i-verb
прорастяprorastjaabundantly growverb ● e-verb
прорежаprorežacut throughverb ● e-verb
прорекаprorekatell a prophecyverb ● e-verb
пророкprorokprophetnoun ● o-stem
пророкоубиицаprorokoubiicamurderer of prophetsnoun ● jā-stemAttributed to Herod II for the beheading of John the Baptist (e.g. Mt 14:1-12).
пророкувамprorokuvamprophesizeverb ● a-verb
пророческиproročeskipropheticadjective ● hard stem
пророчествамproročestvamprophesizeverb ● a-verb
пророчествоproročestvoprophecynoun ● o-stemCS
пророчицаproročicaprophetessnoun ● jā-stem
просветвамprosvetvamenlightenverb ● a-verb
просветнаprosvetnaenlighten, begin to shineverb ● e-verb
просветяprosvětjaenlighten, begin to shineverb ● i-verb
просветя (2)prosvętjaconsecrateverb ● i-verb
просияprosijabeggingnoun ● jā-stem
просияяprosijajashineverb ● e-verb
проскудноproskudnolessadverb ● Unclear. Berl.d.-editor uses it to translate comparative mьněe 'less'. It seems to relate to CS oskǫdьno 'parce'.
прославлениеproslavleniepraisenoun ● jo-stemRBE: link
прославяproslavjapraiseverb ● i-verb
прославямproslavjampraiseverb ● a-verb
простprostsimpleadjective ● hard stem
простоprostosimplyadverb ●
простотаprostotasimplicitynoun ● ā-stem
простраprostrastretchverb ● e-verb
пространенprostranenwideadjective ● hard stem
простяprostjaforgiveverb ● i-verb
просълзяprosъlzjashed tearsverb ● i-verb
просяprosjabeg, askverb ● i-verb
просякprosjakbeggarnoun ● o-stem
ПротатонProtatonProtatonnoun ● o-stemA church on Mount Athos.
протегляprotegljareceive, sufferverb ● i-verb
протегнаprotegnastretchverb ● e-verb
противprotivagainstpreposition ● with datCS protivǫ or protivъ
противенprotivenhostileadjective ● hard stem
противникprotivnikenemynoun ● o-stemCS
противноprotivnohostileadverb ●
противяprotivjastand in frontverb ● i-verb
протръбяprotrъbjablow a trumpetverb ● i-verb
проусьцьprusьcьpacing horsenoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
прохладяproxladjacoolverb ● i-verb
проходproxodcorridor, toiletnoun ● o-stemThe latter meaning is not mentioned in dictionaries. Punčo uses the phrase na proxodъ da idemъ twice to translate CS nuždě byti tělesněi.
проходяproxodjahave a walk, passverb ● i-verb
процветяprocvetjabloomverb ● i-verb
прочеpročemoreoveradverb ● In CS could be handled also as an adjective (e.g. inaaže pročaa, jaže kъ sьměreniju).
прочестиpročestireadverb ● e-verbCS - comes in a fixed phrase following titles of texts (bl-goslovi o-če, pročesti m-litvami s-tyx o-cь).
прочетаpročetareadverb ● e-verb
прочуяpročujabecome famous, begin to hearverb ● e-verb
прошениеprošenieprayer, wishnoun ● jo-stem
прощавамproštavamforgiveverb ● a-verb
прощениеproštenieforgivenessnoun ● jo-stemCS
проявяprojavjashowverb ● i-verb
пругprǫglocustnoun ● o-stemMiklosich: prǫgъ 'akris, locusta'
пружаpružastretchverb ● i-verb
пръвѣprъvěfirstadverb ● CS
пръвѣнprъvěnfirstadverb ● Demina et al. 2012:790 - prъvěn 'pъrvom, naj-napred'
пръстprъstfingernoun ● jo-stem
пръст (2)prъst (2)soilnoun ● i-stem
пръстенprъstenringnoun ● jo-stem
пръстен (2)prъsten (2)of soiladjective ● hard stem
прякоprěkodirectlyadverb ●
прѣблазнитиprěblaznitideceiveverb ● i-verbCS
прѣведениеprěvedenietranslation, transformationnoun ● jo-stemCS
прѣвратитиprěvratiticonvert, turnverb ● i-verbCS
прѣвъзноситиprěvъznositielevate oneselfverb ● i-verbCS
прѣвышеprěvyšeexceedingadverb ● CS
прѣделѣватиprědelěvatidefeatverb ● e-verbCS
прѣдъстояниеprědъstojanieexcellencynoun ● jo-stemCS
прѣисподьнъprěispodьnъlow, of the lowest sphereadjective ● hard stemCS
прѣитиprěitiget oververb ● e-verbCS
прѣложитиprěložitimove, transportverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
прѣлюбыprěljubyadulterynoun ● ū-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. The attested form is indeed prěljuby, although the context would expect an accusative form.
прѣлѣпъprělěpmost beautifuladjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
прѣпослоушатиprěposlušatidisobeyverb ● e-verbCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. Miklosich has only the verbal noun prěposlušanie 'parakoē, inobedientia'.
прѣсвѣтловатиprěsvětlovatishine throughverb ● e-verbCS
прѣсподьнъprěspodьndeepestadjective ● hard stemCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael
прѣходитиprěxoditipass, perishverb ● i-verbCS
прѣѧтиprěętireceive, conquerverb ● e-verbMiklosich: prěęti, 1sg.prs prěimǫ 'lambanein, prehendere', in later sources also 'sfeterizesthai, usurpare'. Demina (et al. 2012:751) mentions priema in the meaning 'conquer', but she does not list the forms like 3sg.aor prěe, met several times in Tixon.d. edition of Petka (e.g. here), among examples. In Vuković 1536 other lemmas are used (e.g. here). BAN (V:644) mentions only preem denoting a measure for carpets ('nešto kato mjarka za visočina na iztъkaneto pri kotlenskite kilimi').
ПрѣꙗмоушевъPrějamuševof Priamadjective ● hard stem
ПрѣꙗмоушьPrějamušPriamnoun ● jo-stem
псалмpsalmPsalmnoun ● o-stem
псеpsedognoun ● nt-stemCS pьsъ. Rather pejorative meaning in modern BG.
псувамpsuvamcurseverb ● a-verbUsually written with a ѱ- in older sources.
псуванеpsuvanecursingnoun ● jo-stem
птицаpticabirdnoun ● jā-stem
пукамpukambreak upverb ● a-verb
пукнаpuknabreak upverb ● e-verb
ПуноPunoPunonoun ● o-stem
ПунчоPunčoPunčonoun ● jo-stemLikely a more familiar variant of author's name.
пусатpusatweaponnoun ● o-stemCarski's word. BAN V 859: pusat 'orъžie' < tr. pusat < gr. fōssaton < lat. fussatum
пусатлиpusatliarmed mannoun ● new i-stemCarski's word, mostly used in plural (e.g. hora pusatlie, Soltate pusatlie).
пускамpuskamletverb ● a-verb
пустpustdesertedadjective ● hard stem
пустиненpustinenof desertadjective ● hard stem
пустиняpustinjadesertnoun ● jā-stemCS pustynja
пустяpustjaletverb ● i-verbPunčo uses the form puštim for 1sg.prs
пущениеpuštenierelease, shotnoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
пчелаpčelabeenoun ● ā-stem
пшеницаpšenicawheatnoun ● jā-stem
пъкълpъkъlhellnoun ● o-stem
пъленpъlenfulladjective ● hard stem
пълзяpъlzjacrawlverb ● i-verb
пъприщеpъprištestadium (distance), milenoun ● jo-stemForm chosen according to Demina et al. 2012:820 - pъprište 'mjarka za razstojanie, okolo 185 m'. BG poprište 'battlefield' is from RU, CS has both forms with /o/ and /ъ/.
първенpъrvenoriginal, firstadjective ● hard stemRBE: link
първенецpъrvenecfirst onenoun ● jo-stem
първенствоpъrvenstvoprimacy, primogeniturenoun ● o-stemMiklosich: prъvěnьstvo 'prōtotokeia, primogenitura'. Punčo uses the CS meaning rather than the modern one ('championship, race').
първенчеpъrvenčefirst onenoun ● nt-stem
първиpъrvifirstadjective ● hard stemOrdinal numerals are handled as adjectives in annotation. The default form is always long.
първоpъrvofirstadverb ●
първообразенpъrvoobrazenprimordialadjective ● hard stem
първороденpъrvorodenfirst-bornadjective ● hard stem
пържаpъržaroastverb ● i-verb
пътpъt(marker of repetition)noun ● i-stemLemma used for phrases like tri pъti 'three times'; different from pǫt 'way'.
пътpǫtwaynoun ● irregularPl. pъtišta (e.g. here). Another lemma pъt (pl. pъti) is used for counting. CS pǫtь was an i-stem.
пътенpъtenof a travel, regularadjective ● hard stemCarski: n.sg patno. Likely reflects the second meaning bentioned in RBE (link).
пътечкаpъtečkapathnoun ● ā-stemRBE: link
пътникpъtniktravellernoun ● o-stem
пътувамpъtuvamtravelverb ● a-verb
пясъкpěsъksandnoun ● o-stem
рабrabservant, slavenoun ● monosyllabic
рабаrabaservant, slavenoun ● ā-stem
работаrabotawork, thing, matternoun ● ā-stem
работатиrabotatiworkverb ● e-verbCS
работенrabotenhardworking, workingadjective ● hard stem
работникrabotnikworkernoun ● o-stem
работяrabotjaworkverb ● i-verb
рагоуильскъraguilskiArgiveadjective ● hard stem
радradgladadjective ● hard stemCS
радвамradvambe happyverb ● a-verbCS radovati, 1sg.prs radujǫ, 2sg radueši
радиradifor the sake ofpreposition ● with genA postposition in CS.
РадомирRadomirRadomirnoun ● o-stem
радостradostjoynoun ● i-stem
радостенradostenjoyfuladjective ● hard stem
радяradjacareverb ● i-verbBAN VI 145: radja 'zaljagam za nešto, imam si go na um, griža se'
раждамraždamgive birthverb ● a-verb
раждещиraždeštiengulf in flamesverb ● e-verbCS
разrazat onceadverb ●
разбераrazberaunderstandverb ● e-verbPunčo uses it in the meaning 'find' in the chapter 075.
разбивамrazbivambreakverb ● a-verb
разбирамrazbiramunderstandverb ● a-verb
разбияrazbijabreakverb ● e-verb
разбойникrazboinikrobbernoun ● o-stem
разболеяrazbolejabecome illverb ● e-verb
разбудяrazbudjawake upverb ● i-verb
разваляrazvaljadestroyverb ● i-verb
развалямrazvaljamdestroyverb ● a-verb
развеселяrazveseljamake happyverb ● i-verb
развеселявамrazveseljavammake happyverb ● a-verb
развеяrazvejacast into windverb ● e-verb
развращавамrazvraštavamstir, incite unrestverb ● a-verb
развържаrazvъržauntieverb ● e-verb
развѣrazvěexcludingadverb ● CS
разгневяrazgnevjabecome angryverb ● i-verbCS razgněviti, 1sg.prs razgněvljǫ, 2sg razgněviši
разгнѣватиrazgněvatibecome angryverb ● e-verbCS; 1sg.prs razgněvajǫ, 2sg razgněvaeši
разговарямrazgovarjamdiscussverb ● a-verb
разговоряrazgovorjadissuadeverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
разгоряrazgorjaengulf in flamesverb ● i-verb
разграбяrazgrabjaplunderverb ● i-verb
разгънаrazgъnaunfoldverb ● e-verb
разгърнаrazgъrnaopen upverb ● e-verb
раздавамrazdavamgive awayverb ● a-verb
раздамrazdamgive awayverb ● irregular
раздвояrazdvojaseparate into twoverb ● i-verb
разделенrazdelenseparableadjective ● hard stemCS razdělьnъ
разделениеrazdelenieseparationnoun ● jo-stem
разделяrazdeljaseparate, distributeverb ● i-verb
раздераrazderatearverb ● e-verb
раздробяrazdrobjapulverizeverb ● i-verb
раздумамrazdumamconsolateverb ● a-verbPunčo seems to use the verb with the meaning 'convince'.
разжегнаrazžegnaigniteverb ● e-verb
разиграяrazigrajastirverb ● e-verb
разидаrazidadisassembleverb ● e-verbDemina et al. 2012:836 - razida se 'razotida se'
разкажаrazkažatellverb ● e-verb
разкарамrazkaramstart arguingverb ● a-verb
разкарвамrazkarvamexpel, start arguingverb ● a-verb
разкопаяrazkopajadig outverb ● e-verb
различенrazličendifferentadjective ● hard stem
разложаrazložadisassembleverb ● i-verb
разлъчаrazlъčapart ways, separateverb ● i-verb
разлъчвамrazlъčvampart ways, separateverb ● a-verb
размесяrazmesjamixverb ● i-verb
размешениеrazměšeniemixingnoun ● jo-stemCS
размирицаrazmiricaunrestnoun ● jā-stem
размътяrazmъtjastirverb ● i-verb
разнесаraznesaspread by carryingverb ● e-verb
разнишамraznišamstirverb ● a-verbBAN IV 663: raznišam 'vălnuvam, razigravam, razbărkvam, razljuljavam'
разноraznodifferentlyadverb ● RBE: link, CS razьno.
разносяraznosjaspread by carryingverb ● i-verb
разоравамrazoravamdestroyverb ● a-verb
разорениеrazoreniedestructionnoun ● jo-stem
разоряrazorjadestroyverb ● i-verb
разоумлениеrazumlenieunderstandingnoun ● jo-stemCS
разпадамrazpadamfall apartverb ● a-verb
разпаляrazpaljaigniteverb ● i-verb
разпоряrazporjatear up, unsewverb ● i-verb
разпраrazpradisputenoun ● ā-stem
разпратяrazpratjadistributeverb ● i-verb
разпростраrazprostraspreadverb ● e-verb
разпространяrazprostranjaspread, distributeverb ● i-verb
разпукамrazpukambreakverb ● a-verbCarski: 3pl.aor/impf raspopakaha (a mispelling?)
разпъдяrazpъdjaexpelverb ● i-verb
разпънаrazpъnacrucifyverb ● e-verbCS raspęti, 1.sg.prs. raspьnǫ. Used also for ptcp.aor.pass raspeti 'crucified', commonly appearing as an attribute of Jesus Christ.
разпятиеrazpętiecrucifixionnoun ● jo-stemCS; BG razpjatie
разрешаrazrešadecideverb ● i-verb
разсекаrazsekacut into piecesverb ● e-verb
разсеяrazsejasowverb ● e-verb
разсипяrazsipjaspill, destroyverb ● e-verb
разскачаrazskačastart jumpingverb ● e-verbReflective
разслабяrazslabjasoftenverb ● i-verbRBE: link
разстъпвамrazstъpvamstep asideverb ● a-verb
разсъдяrazsъdjadecideverb ● i-verb
разсърдяrazsъrdjamake angryverb ● i-verb
разсърдявамrazsъrdjavammake angryverb ● a-verb
разтворяraztvorjaopen wideverb ● i-verb
разтегнаraztegnastretchverb ● e-verb
разтлеяraztlejarotverb ● e-verbCS
разтреперяraztreperjastart shakingverb ● i-verb
разтуряrazturjaruinverb ● i-verb
разтъжяraztъžjabecome sadverb ● i-verb
разтържаraztъržatearverb ● i-verb
разтърсяraztъrsjashake, clenchverb ● i-verb
разумrazummind, wisdom, prudencenoun ● o-stem
разуменrazumenwiseadjective ● hard stem
разумеяrazumejaunderstandverb ● e-verb
разумиеrazumiewisdomnoun ● jo-stemCS
разумноrazumnowiselyadverb ●
разумявамrazuměvammake wiseverb ● a-verb
разфъргамrazfъrgamcast awayverb ● a-verbBG xvъrgam
разхарчаrazxarčawasteverb ● i-verbCarski: 3sg.prs rasharciova
разширяrazširjaexpandverb ● i-verb
райraiParadisenoun ● monosyllabic
райскиraiskiof Paradiseadjective ● hard stem
ракаrakacoffinnoun ● ā-stemCS
ракияrakijarakianoun ● jā-stem
раклаraklacoffinnoun ● ā-stem
ралоraloploughnoun ● o-stem
РамелRamelHermelnoun ● o-stemGiven by Stouditēs as Hramel, a city in Syria.
рамоramoarmnoun ● o-stemCS ramę
ранаranawoundnoun ● ā-stem
раненranenearlyadjective ● hard stem
ранен (2)ranen (2)woundednoun ● hard stem
раноranoearlyadverb ●
расланraslanlionnoun ● o-stemBAN I 18: arslan, aslan 'lъv', < tr. arslan, aslan
распрѧжениеraspręženiedisjunctionnoun ● jo-stemCS
растлъкнѫтиrastlъknǫticrushverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy. Attested is 3pl.aor rastlьkošǫ. Miklosich mentions only the form without the prefix.
растръгнутиrastrъgnǫtitearverb ● e-verbCS, Miklosich: rastrъgnǫti 'diarrēgnynai, rumpere'
растръзатиrastrъzatitearverb ● e-verbCS
растяrastjagrowverb ● e-verb
расъмотритиrasъmotritiunderstand, comprehendverb ● i-verbCS; Miklosich: rasъmotriti 'krinein, iudicare'
ратайrataifield helpernoun ● jo-stem
ратьratbattle, warnoun ● i-stemCS
РафаилRafailRaphaelnoun ● o-stem
РахилаRaxilaRachelnoun ● ā-stem
РахилинRaxilinRachel'sadjective ● hard stem
раяrajasubjectsnoun ● jā-stemOt.tur. raiyet < ar. raʿīyat 'flock', but likely 'subject (nation)' already too (Nişanyan). The term is basically an Ottoman equivalent of đimmī from earlier Muslim empires (wiki).
реброrebroribnoun ● o-stem
РевекаRevekaRebeccanoun ● ā-stem
РевекинRevekinof Rebeccaadjective ● hard stem
ревнителrevnitelfanaticnoun ● jo-stem
ревностrevnostfervornoun ● i-stem
ревнувамrevnuvamcraveverb ● a-verb
редredorder, line, timesnoun ● monosyllabicCS rędъ
редникrednikregularilynoun ● o-stemUsed adverbially (i davaxa ju rednikъ edinъ člvekъ da jade 'and they gave her [the xala-dragon] regularily a human to eat').
режаrežacutverb ● e-verb
РейдешReidešRhesusnoun ● jo-stemJagić's version of the Legend of Troy shows also spellings Ružušь and Rižušь.
рекаrekasayverb ● e-verb
река (2)rěkarivernoun ● ā-stemThe jat is not reflected by an e/ja variation in modern BG, but it is used to distinguish the lemma from the verb reka 'say'.
ременremenstrapnoun ● o-stemCS remy, an n-stem, st. BG remъk (BAN VI 219). The spelling remen is preferred by Punčo.
ремениеremeniestrapsnoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
ременствоremenstvoguildnoun ● o-stemUnclear, used as a collective for devils as a "professional" group.
реснаresnahanging ornamentnoun ● ā-stemCS ręsьna or ręsьnъ 'cilium'
ретитиretiticontent, be equalverb ● i-verb
речrečwordnoun ● i-stem
речовитrečovitwell-spokenadjective ● hard stem
решетоrešetosievenoun ● o-stemBAN VI 240: rešeto 'sito ot koža za presjavane na žito'
рибаribafishnoun ● ā-stemCS ryba
риданиеridaniecrynoun ● jo-stem
ридаяridajacryverb ● e-verb
РижеоудаRižeudaChryseisnoun ● ā-stem
РижеоушRižeušChryseusnoun ● jo-stem
ризаrizashirtnoun ● ā-stem
ризницаriznicaarmor suit, chestnoun ● jā-stemPunčo seems to use the second meaning, which goes back to CS rizьnica 'public treasury', attested in Supr. (link).
РилскиRilskiof Rilaadjective ● hard stemSt. John of Rila
РимRimRomenoun ● o-stem
РиминиRiminiRimininoun ● uninflected
римлянинrimljaninRomannoun ● ethno-stem
римскиrimskiRomanadjective ● hard stem
РипсимаRipsimaHripsimenoun ● ā-stemThis is the Punčo's more common spelling, in BG Ripsime and Ripsimija seem to be more common.
ритамritamkickverb ● a-verb
ритнаritnakickverb ● e-verb
робrobservant, slavenoun ● o-stemBG pl. robi. Punčo also uses i-stem pl.nom robie.
робинкаrobinkafemale servant, slavenoun ● ā-stemRBE: link
робиняrobinjafemale servant, slavenoun ● jā-stem
робскиrobskiof a servantadjective ● hard stem
робствоrobstvoservitudenoun ● o-stem
ровrovdug holenoun ● monosyllabic
рогroghornnoun ● monosyllabic
РогафарижRogafarižHorned-Horsenoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Name of the Teucer's horse.
рогачrogačdeernoun ● jo-stem
родrodkinnoun ● monosyllabic
родителroditelparentnoun ● jo-stem
родниниrodninirelativesadjective ● hard stem
родяrodjagive birth, begetverb ● i-verb
рожбаrožbacropsnoun ● ā-stem
рождениеroždeniebirthnoun ● jo-stem
рождествоroždestvobirthnoun ● o-stemCS
рожковецrožkovecsnailnoun ● jo-stemRBE: link
РоменRomenRomennoun ● o-stemSpelled Romexъ in Prolog, a city in Armenia.
роняronjashedverb ● i-verb
росаrosadewnoun ● ā-stem
роусагъrusagregionnoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Likely from an earlier stage of HU ország (wiktionary: link). Appears in other CS sources from Croatia and Serbia too (cf. also Skok III 174).
роухоruxoclothing, mantle ● o-stemCS
рубаrubadressnoun ● ā-stemmakedonski.info: ruba 'dress'
ругаяrugajablasphemeverb ● e-verb
ружамružamscoldverb ● a-verb
русиrusiRussiannoun ● ethno-stemPunčo uses only plural forms - rusja or rusi.
РусияRusijaRussianoun ● jā-stem
рускиruskiRussianadjective ● hard stem
РусчукRusčukRussenoun ● o-stem
ръжаrъžabe jealous, mutter angrilyverb ● i-verbBAN VI 364: rъža 'rъmža, cvilja'
ръждаrъždarustnoun ● jā-stem
ръженrъženroasternoun ● jo-stem
ръкаrъkahandnoun ● ā-stemForms like rъce and ruke are interpreted as duals.
ръкописенrъkopisenhandwrittenadjective ● hard stem
ръсrъsdustnoun ● i-stemPunčo: rus, cf. BAN VI 349, 377: rus, rъs 'prax'
ръчеrъčelittle handnoun ● nt-stem
ръченrъčenof handadjective ● hard stem
рьваньrъvanfightnoun ● i-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
рьватиrъvatifightverb ● e-verb
рѫкидялиеrukiděliehandworknoun ● jo-stemCS
сswithpreposition ● with inst
СабинSabinSabinnoun ● o-stem
сабяsabjasaber, swordnoun ● jā-stem
СаваSavaSabbasnoun ● ā-stem
СавакSavakSavahnoun ● o-stemOr Sobakh, RU Sovax. The lemma reflects Punčo's spelling. The father of Prophet Elijah is not mentioned in the Bible, but mentioned in apocryphal sources, cited e.g. by Ephraim of Cyprus (link).
СаваотSavaotSabaothnoun ● o-stemAn attribute of God ("of hosts"), used e.g. by Isaiah (3:1).
СаворияSavoriaShapurnoun ● new i-stemA common spellings in CS sources is Saporъ or Savorь (cf. histdict.uni-sofia: link), but st. BG/RU prefer Šapur today.
садакаsadakaalmsnoun ● ā-stemCarski: pl. sadaki. BAN VI 406: sadaka 'milostinja' < tr. sadaka < ar. ṣadaqa
саждаsaždasootnoun ● ā-stem
сайдисамsaidisamgive regardsverb ● a-verbCarski: 3pl.aor/impf saidissaha. Google: tr. saymak 'count, regard'
сакамsakamwant, searchverb ● a-verbSC/MK
сакуляsakuljabagnoun ● jā-stemBAN VI 433: sakulja 'torbička', 'čuval' (Lomsko) < gr. sakoula 'чувалче, пакет, кесия'
салтsalttotallyadverb ● Google: tr. salt 'absolute'
самsamaloneadjective ● pronominal hard stem
сам (2)sam (2)hereadverb ● CS sěmo
самоsamoonlyadverb ●
самоборецsamoborecgladiatornoun ● jo-stemCS samoborьcь 'automaxōn'
самовластникsamovlastnikself-rulernoun ● o-stemLikely based on CS samovlastьnъ 'autexousios, qui sui iuris est', but without a clear CS source.
самоволенsamovolenself-sufficient, autonomousadjective ● hard stemCS samovolьnъ 'autarkēs, sibi sufficiens'
самоволноsamovolnoself-sufficiently, autonomouslyadverb ●
самодържецsamodъržecmonarchnoun ● jo-stem
самоковскиsamokovskiof Samokovadjective ● hard stem
СамонSamonSamonnoun ● o-stemAlso written (in EN) as Samonas, Shamona etc.
самотворьнъsamotvorьnъself-producingadjective ● hard stemCS
СамуилSamuilSamuelnoun ● o-stem
сановникsanovnikofficialnoun ● o-stemlink
сапикасувамsapikasuvamobserveverb ● a-verbBAN VI 489: sapikasvam 'sъgleždam, sъziram' < ngr. apeikazō
СараSaraSarahnoun ● ā-stem
саракинскиsarakinskiSaraceneadjective ● hard stem
СаринSarinSarah'sadjective ● hard stem
СаркокитияSarkokitiaSarkokitianoun ● jā-stemUnclear site of birth of St. Gurias, possibly Suruç (assyr. Serugh or Batnae)?
сасвеsasveentirelyadverb ●
СатанаSatanaSatannoun ● ā-stem
СатанайлSatanailSatanaelnoun ● o-stem
СатанайловSatanailovof Satanaeladjective ● hard stem
СатанинSataninSatannoun ● ethno-stem
сатиsati
сахатsaxathournoun ● o-stemBAN VI 516: saxat 'časovnik, čas' < tur. sahat < ar. sa'at 'kъso vreme, čas, časovnik'
сащисамsaštisambe amazed, astonishedverb ● a-verbBAN VI 525: saštisvam (se), saštisam (se) 'obъrkvam (se)', < tr. şaşti- 'udivljavam se'.
Carski: 3sg.aor sciasctissa+ se.
сборноsbornoas a communityadverb ●
сбъркамsbъrkamget confusedverb ● a-verb
свадаsvadaquarrelnoun ● ā-stem
свадбаsvadbaweddingnoun ● ā-stem
свадливsvadlivquarrelsomeadjective ● hard stem
сваждатиsvaždatibring against each otherverb ● e-verb
сваляsvaljaput downverb ● i-verb
сваряsvarjacookverb ● i-verb
сватsvatwedding guestnoun ● monosyllabicAttested in the Legend of Troy in a pl.acc/inst form svatovy.
свеsvealladjective ● pronominal mixed stemA dialectal variant of vse, preferred by Punčo. The n.sg form chosen, as the lemma is often used as a N ('everything') or R ('fully').
свекаквоsvekakvoanythingpronoun ●
свекакъвsvekakъvanyadjective ● hard stem
свекиsvekieveryadjective ● hard stemA dialectal variant of vsěki.
свекърsvekъrfather in lawnoun ● o-stem
свестяsvestjapersuadeverb ● i-verb
свестявамsvestjavamadviseverb ● a-verbPunčo uses 1sg.prs sveštamь.
светилникsvětilnikcandlestick, lampnoun ● o-stem
светилоsvětilolampnoun ● o-stem
светиняsvętinjasainthoodnoun ● jā-stemCS? Unclear, written as s-tynju in Prolog, the jery replaced with an i by Punčo.
светицаsvęticasaint (female)noun ● jā-stem
светливsvětlivshinyadjective ● hard stem
светливоsvětlivoshininglyadverb ●
светликавsvětlikavsparklingadjective ● hard stemmakedonski.info: svetlikav 'koj pušta treperava svetlina'
светлоsvětlowith a shineadverb ●
светлостsvětlostshinenoun ● i-stemCS
СветославSvetoslavSvetoslavnoun ● o-stem
светувамsvetuvamliveverb ● a-verbrechnik.chitanka: svetuvam 'živeja, sъštestvuvam'
светълsvětъlbrightadjective ● hard stem
светяsvětjashineverb ● i-verb
светяsvętjasanctifyverb ● i-verb
свещsveštcandlenoun ● i-verbCS svěšta
свещенsvęštenholyadjective ● hard stem
свещеникsvęštenikpriestnoun ● o-stem
свещеническиsvęšteničeskiof priestsadjective ● hard stem
свещенскиsvęštenskiof priestsadjective ● hard stem
свещенствоsvęštenstvopriesthoodnoun ● o-stem
свещникsveštnikcandlesticknoun ● o-stem
свидетелsvidetelwitnessnoun ● jo-stem
свидетелствоsvidetelstvotestimonynoun ● o-stem
свиленsvilensilkenadjective ●
свинцаsvincatogethernoun ● jā-stemA dialectal variant of BG vsinca (cf. BAN I 195).
свиркаsvirkaflutenoun ● ā-stem
свиряsvirjawhistleverb ● i-verb
свитъкsvitъkscrollnoun ● o-stem
свичкиsvičkieveryadjective ● hard stemA variant of sveki or sički.
свишеsvišefrom aboveadverb ● CS sъvyše (histdict.uni-sofia: link)
свияsvijawrapverb ● e-verb
свободяsvobodjabecome freeverb ● i-verb
свойsvoiof oneselfadjective ● pronominal soft stemA reflexive-possessive adjective.
свудеsvudeeverywhereadverb ●
свържаsvъržabindverb ● e-verb
святsvětworld, lightnoun ●
святsvętsaintadjective ● hard stem
святителsvętitelapostle, saintnoun ● jo-stemCS
свѧтьцьsvętьcьsaintnoun ● jo-stemCS
сговарямsgovarjamdiscuss, make a planverb ● a-verbLikely based on CS sъgovor 'agreement', but this is the form in rechnik.chitanka. Punčo and damaskini editors write it phonetically with /z/ in anlaut.
сговорsgovoragreement, good relationsnoun ● o-stemCS sъgovor
сговоряsgovorjadiscuss, make a planverb ● i-verb
сгърчаsgъrčafoldverb ● i-verbBAN I 304: gъrča se 'izvivam se'
сеseselfpronoun ● CS . The lemma is used for all forms of the reflexive pronoun. Annotation: sebe Px---g, si (and CS sebě) Px---d, se (or ) Px---a, soboju (or sobojǫ) Px---i.
се (2)se (2)behold!particle ● CS particle, likely based on sii 'this'
СевастияSevastijaSebastianoun ● jā-stemA village near Nablus in Palestine. wiki
севастократорsevastokratorsebastokratornoun ● o-stem
сегаseganowadverb ●
сегамsegamreachverb ● a-verbBAN VI 576: segam 'prostiram, protjagam rъka da vzema, da xvana nešto'; CS sęgati
сегнаsegnareachverb ● e-verb
седемsedemsevennumeral ● CS sedmь
седмиsedmiseventhadjective ● hard stem
седнаsednasitverb ● e-verb
седяsedjasitverb ● i-verbCS sěděti
сеирseirplace for looking, an assemblynoun ● o-stemBAN VI 588: seir 'zrelište, udovolstvie', < tr. seyir 'udovolstvie' < ar. sayir
сеирджияseirdžijaspectatornoun ● new i-stemGoogle: tr. seyirci 'spectator' .
секаsekacutverb ● e-verb
селеselenowadaysadverb ● CS selě or seli
СелевкийSelevkiiSeleucisnoun ● new i-stem
селенselenof a fieldadjective ● Miklosich: selьnъ 'agrou, fundi'
селениеseleniesettlementnoun ● jo-stem
селикseliksuchadjective ● hard stemCS
СелимSelimSelimnoun ● o-stem
СелимовSelimovof Selimadjective ● hard stem
селищеselištesettlementnoun ● jo-stem
селоselovillagenoun ● o-stem
селскиselskiof a villageadjective ● hard stem
семеsemeseednoun ● n-stem
сеноsenohaynoun ● o-stem
сеноваsenovaafterwardsadverb ● Unclear. Full phrase: po senova prestanu zavistъ fariseiska 'afterwards (?) the jealousy of the Pharisees ceased'.
септемвриseptemvriSeptembernoun ● new i-stem
серафимserafimseraphnoun ● o-stemThe Hebrew plural ending -im is not left out in CS/BG singular forms.
СерафтSeraftZarephathnoun ● o-stemPunčo's spelling of CS/BG Sarepta (3 Kings 17:9).
серскиsěrskiof Serresadjective ● hard stem
сестраsestrasisternoun ● ā-stem
сестрѣницаsestrěnicacousinnoun ● jā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
сетнеsetnefinallyadverb ● Often used together with particle nai. Cf. BAN VI 623: seten (1) 'posleden, kraen', CS setьnъ.
сетяsetjaunderstandverb ● i-verb
сечsečmassacrenoun ● i-stem
сечивоsečivotoolnoun ● o-stem
сещамseštamunderstandverb ● a-verb
сеяsejasowverb ● e-verbCS sějati
СигорSigorSegornoun ● o-stemA mountain (or town) near Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen 19:22), also called Zoar in some biblical sources (like NIV).
сииsiithispronoun ● pronominal soft stemCS
сиквозиsikvozisuchpronoun ● From the Legend of Troy.
сикоsikothuspronoun ● From the Legend of Troy. Likely a proximal counterpart of tako.
силаsilapowernoun ● ā-stem
силенsilenstrongadjective ● hard stem
силноsilnostronglyadverb ●
силувамsiluvamforce, rapeverb ● a-verb
силяsiljaforce, become strongverb ● i-verb
СимSimShemnoun ● o-stemThe first-born son of Noah, biblical ancestor of Semitic peoples and Elamites.
СимвликииSimvlikiiSymbliciusnoun ● new i-stemA 3rd century governor of Cappadocia, tormentor of St. Theodota. The name has no clear form in PPS, written as Siglikitь, Siglikia etc.
СимеонSimeonSimeonnoun ● o-stem
СимовSimovShem'sadjective ● hard stem
синsinsonnoun ● monosyllabicCS synъ was an u-stem. Punčo seems to follow a paradigm combining o-stem oblique case endings with u-stem direct forms (as in other monosyllabic masc nouns): sg.nom sinь, gen sina, dat sinu, voc sine, pl.nom sinove/sinovi, also pl.acc sini (< CS syny).
The two pl.nom forms may remind us of Serbo-Croat variation (pl.nom -ovi, pl.acc -ove). However, Punčo clearly prefers the form -ove (the other form comes only once in 9 instances in first 30 chapters), which is used both in subject and oblique positions.
синайскиsinaiskiof Sinaiadjective ● hard stem
синарскиsinarskiof Shinaradjective ● hard stemLand of Shinar (Babylonia), where Ham's grandson Nimrod (CS Nevrodъ) founded an empire (Gen 10:10).
синджирsindžirchainsnoun ● o-stemBAN VI 666: sindžir 'veriga', < tr. zancir < pers. zanǵīr
синияsinijaplatternoun ● jā-stem
синовsinovson'sadjective ● hard stem
синорsinorbordernoun ● o-stemBAN VI 674: sinor 'granica, mežda, slog' < ngr. sýnoron
синпурsinpursulphurnoun ● o-stemAccording to Mladenov (1941:580), borrowed directly from lat. sulphur, the /n/ reflecting an influence of folk etymology of the word as sin plamen 'blue flame'. Described as a Turkish loanword by Kъnčev (RBE: link).
синцаsincaeverybodypronoun ● Demina et al. 2012:896 - sinca 'samo za lica: vsički, vsinca'
СионSionSihonnoun ● o-stemThe king of Amorea in Numbers (21:23) and the Tale of Alexander the Elder.
Сион (2)Sion (2)Zionnoun ● o-stem
СионовSionovof Sihonadjective ● hard stem
сионскиsionskiof Zionadjective ● hard stemAlso used as a relative adjective of Sihon.
сипувамsipuvampourverb ● a-verb
сипяsipjapourverb ● e-verb
СирахSiraxSirachnoun ● o-stem
сирачеsiračeorphannoun ● nt-stem
сиречsirečthat isparticle ●
сирийскиsiriiskiof Syriaadjective ● hard stem
сиромахsiromaxpoor onenoun ● o-stem
сиромашествоsiromašestvopovertynoun ● o-stemRBE: link
сиромашияsiromašijapovertynoun ● jā-stem
сиромашкаsiromaškapoor womannoun ● ā-stem
сиротаsirotapoor onenoun ● ā-stem
сиротицаsiroticapoor womannoun ● jā-stem
сисамsisamsuckverb ● a-verbRBE: link
СитSitSethnoun ● o-stem
ситsitsatiatedadjective ● hard stem
СитовSitovSeth'sadjective ● hard stem
ситостsitostsatisfactionnoun ● i-stem
сицеsicethusadverb ● CS
сицевsicevsuchadjective ● pronominal hard stemCS
сичкиsičkievery, eachadjective ● hard stemDemina et al. 2012:900 - sički 'vsičkijat; kojto e v pъlnija si broj'. The initial v- of the old prefix vьs- is regularily omitted.
сиязиsiazithispreposition ● From the Legend of Troy.
сияниеsijanieshinenoun ● jo-stemCS
сияяsijajashineverb ● e-verb
СкадрионъSkadrionSkamandriusnoun ● o-stem
скажаskažatellverb ● e-verbBAN II 139: skaža, skazvam 'razkazvam'
сказаниеskazaniestory, scripturenoun ● jo-stem
сказвамskazvamtellverb ● a-verbBAN II 139: skaža, skazvam 'razkazvam'
скарѧдѣskaręděbadlyadverb ● CS
скачамskačamjumpverb ● e-verb
скверняskvernjataintverb ● i-verbCS skvrъniti
сквръньнъskvrъnьnъtaintedadjective ● hard stemCS
скелеskelescaffoldingnoun ● nt-stemBAN VI 739: skele 'gredi i dъski okolo sgrada, po koito se kačvat i rabotjat zidarite', < tr. (i)skele 'stъlba' < mgr. skala < it./lat. scala
скиптърskiptъrscepternoun ● o-stemCS skipьtrъ appears mostly as a literary equivalent of gr. skēptron ʹscepterʹ, in earlier texts translated as žezlъ or xorǫgy. Euthymius uses it figuratively for 'army' (histdict.uni-sofia: link). In the Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael, it seems to denote more the command of an army, in the phrase věnecь skipetra arxa-glьskix činovь 'wreath of command of archangelic ranks'.
скокнаskoknajumpverb ● e-verbCarski's word. Mauricio: Sckokna 'salto'.
скопосskoposvirtuenoun ● o-stemBAN VI 779: skopos 'red (Gerov), srъčnost, urednost (Slivensko), izrjadnost v rabotata (Kukuš, Strandža, Šumensko' etc., < ngr. skopos 'cel, namerenie, plan'
скопскиskopskiof Skopjeadjective ● hard stem
скороskoroquickly, shortly afterwardsadverb ●
скотskotcattlenoun ● o-stemMonosyllabic in st. BG, but Punčo prefers pl.nom skoti.
скочаskočajumpverb ● i-verb
скривалищеskrivalištestashnoun ● jo-stem
скривамskrivamhideverb ● a-verb
СкриноSkrinoSkrinonoun ● o-stemBirthplace of St. John of Rila, now a part of Boboševo.
скричамskričamcryverb ● a-verbNot found in available dictionaries, used by Punčo (3pl.prs skričutь) to describe sounds of little birds.
скрияskrijahideverb ● e-verb
скръбskrъbsorrownoun ● i-stem
скръбенskrъbensadadjective ● hard stem
скръжьтатиskrъžьtatiscreech, squakverb ● e-verbCS
скурвяskurvjacommit adulteryverb ● i-verbDemina et al. 2012:910 - skurvja 'otdam se na razvrat'
скутамskutamhideverb ● a-verbBAN VI 814: skutam 'krija'
скутенskutensecretadjective ● hard stem
скутницаskutnicacellarnoun ● ā-stem
скутничкаskutničkacellarnoun ● ā-stem
скъпskъpexpensiveadjective ● hard stem
скъпоskъpoexpensivelyadverb ●
скърбskъrbsadnessnoun ● i-stem
скърбостskъrbostsufferingnoun ● i-stem
скърбяskъrbjabe sadverb ● i-verb
скърцамskъrcamgnashverb ● a-verb
скѫдьльникъskǫdьlьnikpotter, jarnoun ● o-stemCS
слабslabweakadjective ● hard stem
слабостslabostweaknessnoun ● i-stem
славаslavaglorynoun ● ā-stem
славенslavenglorious, famousadjective ● hard stem
СлавомирSlavomirSlavomirnoun ● o-stemAlso an old name of the village of Slomer in the Tarnovo region.
славяslavjacelebrateverb ● e-verb
славянинslavěninSlavnoun ● ethno-stem
славянобългарскиslavěnobъlgarskiSlaveno-Bulgarianadjective ● hard stem
славянскиslavěnskiSlavicadjective ● hard stemCS slověnьskъ - the spelling seems to have been spread in BG due to Paisius.
слаганеslaganehumilitynoun ● jo-stemCarski's word. Mauricio: Slagani 'umilta'
сладкоsladkosweetlyadverb ●
сладостsladostsweetnessnoun ● i-stem
сладостенsladostensweetadjective ● hard stem
сладъкsladъksweetadjective ● hard stem
сламаslamahaynoun ● ā-stem
слануткаslanutkachickpeanoun ● ā-stemPunčo's interpretation of CS slanutku, which is sg.dat of slanutъkъ 'erebinthos, cicer'
сластslastpleasure, softnessnoun ● i-stem
сластолюбивslastoljubivvoluptuousadjective ● hard stemCS
сластолюбицаslastoljubicavoluptuous womannoun ● jā-stem
следsledafterwardspreposition ● Miklosich: CS slědъ 'ixnos, vestigium'. In the prepositional sense, only vъ slědъ 'following' is in CS.
слезнаsleznadescendverb ● e-verbBAN III 348: sleza, sljaza, slezna 'spuskam se'
слепецslepecblind mannoun ● jo-stem
слепотаslepotablindnessnoun ● ā-stem
слободноslobodnofreelyadverb ●
словоslovoword, homilynoun ● o-stem
сложаsložaputverb ● i-verb
сломяslomjabreakverb ● i-verb
слугаslugaservantnoun ● ā-stem
слугувамsluguvamserveverb ● a-verb
слугуванеsluguvaneservicenoun ● jo-stem
служаslužaserveverb ● i-verb
службаslužbaservice, liturgynoun ● ā-stem
служителslužitelservantnoun ● jo-stemCS
слухsluxhearing (capacity)noun ● monosyllabic
случаslučahappenverb ● i-verbA reflexive verb, commonly used in 3sg: sluči se 'it happened'.
слушамslušamlistenverb ● a-verb
слушателslušatelhearernoun ● jo-stem
слъжаslъžafool, deceiveverb ● e-verb
слънеченslъnečenof the sunadjective ● hard stem
слънцеslъncesunnoun ● nt-stem
слышаниеslyšaniehearing (thing heard)noun ● jo-stemCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
слышатиslyšatihearverb ● i-verbCS; Miklosich gives both 2sg.prs slyšiši and slyšaješi ("raro").
слязаslězadescendverb ● e-verbBAN III 348: sleza, sljaza, slezna 'spuskam se'
сляпslěpblindadjective ● hard stem
слѫкавslǫkavhunchbackedadjective ● hard stemCS?
смесяsmesjamixverb ● i-verb
сметаsmetashove downverb ● e-verbCS sъmesti, 1sg.prs sъmetǫ, 2sg sъmeteši
смешениеsmešeniemixingnoun ● jo-stem
смеяsmejadareverb ● e-verbCS uses both smějati and směti for 'audere'. Meaning 'laugh' is used for smijati (usually with prefixes), which has some homonymic forms.
смея (2)smějalaughverb ● e-verb
СмилецSmilecSmiletsnoun ● jo-stem
смилувамsmiluvamhave mercyverb ● a-verbCarski: 2sg.prs aco se smilovasc
смиляsmiljahave mercyverb ● i-verb
смирениеsmireniereconciliation, humblenessnoun ● jo-stemCS sъměrenie
смиреноsmirenopeacefullyadverb ●
смиряsmirjaattain peaceverb ● i-verbUsually reflexive, but Paisius also uses it as a transitive verb, meaning 'make peaceful', i.e. 'defeat'.
смисленsmislenprudentadjective ● hard stem
смисляsmisljastart to think, repentverb ● i-verb
смокиняsmokinjafignoun ● jā-stem
смоковницаsmokovnicafig treenoun ● jā-stem
смолаsmolatarnoun ● ā-stem
смрадsmradstenchnoun ● monosyllabic
смраденsmradenstinkingadjective ● hard stem
смрадливsmradlivstinkingadjective ● hard stem
смутяsmutjaworryverb ● i-verb
смъкнаsmъknashrinkverb ● e-verb
смърдяsmъrdjastinkverb ● i-verb
смъртsmъrtdeathnoun ● i-stem
смъртенsmъrtenmortaladjective ● hard stem
смъртоносенsmъrtonosendeadlyadjective ● hard stem
смяхsměxlaughnoun ● monosyllabic
снагаsnagabodynoun ● ā-stem
снесаsnesacarry forthverb ● e-verb
снягsněgsnownoun ● monosyllabic
соворноsovornotogether, unitedadverb ● Not in dictionaries (besides CS sъvora 'fibula'), slk. svorne?
СодомSodomSodomnoun ● o-stemPunčo: u sadoma
сойsojfamilynoun ● jo-stemCarski's word. Google: tr. soy 'lineage, family'
сокакsokakstreetnoun ● o-stemCarski: sokaka+t. Google: tr. sokak 'street'
соколsokolfalconnoun ● o-stem
солsolsaltnoun ● i-stem
солдатинsoldatinsoldiernoun ● ethno-stemCarski: soltatin, def. soltatina+t, pl. soltate. BAN VII 305: soldat 'vojnik' (Loveč, Mixalci, Pavlikensko, Pirgovo, Rusensko)
солилоsolilobrinenoun ● o-stemCS
СолунSolunSalonicanoun ● o-stem
солунскиsolunskiof Salonicaadjective ● hard stem
сосамsosamsufficeverb ● a-verbDemina et al. 2012:926 - sosam 'dostatъčen sъm, stigam'
сосувамsosuvamsufficeverb ● a-verb
СотонаSotonaSatannoun ● ā-stemCS
соуличьникъsuličьnikspearmannoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
софийскиsofiiskiof Sophiaadjective ● hard stem
СофияSofiaSophianoun ● jā-stem
сочаsočapointverb ● i-verb
спаватиspavatisleep, dozeverb ● a-verbSC
спасениеspaseniesalvationnoun ● jo-stemCS
спасителspasitelSaviornoun ● jo-stem
спасителенspasitelenbringing salvationadjective ● hard stem
спасителовspasitelovof the Savioradjective ● hard stem
спастряspastrjaspareverb ● i-verbBAN VII 384: spastrjam 'zapazvam, pribiram, spestjavam'
спасяspasjasaveverb ● i-verb
спасявамspasjavamsaveverb ● a-verb
спечеляspečeljagainverb ● i-verb
сплетаspletabind, interweaveverb ● e-verb
сподобяspodobjabecome worthyverb ● i-verb
спротиsprotiagainstpreposition ●
спуснаspusnarun downverb ● e-verb
спъвамspъvamstumbleverb ● a-verb
спяspjasleepverb ● i-verb
спѣхspěxhurrynoun ● o-stemCS
срамsramshamenoun ● monosyllabic
сраменsramenshamefuladjective ● hard stem
срамноsramnoshamefullyadverb ●
срамотаsramotashamenoun ● ā-stem
срамотенsramotenshamefuladjective ● hard stem
срамувамsramuvamfeel shameverb ● a-verb
срамяsramjafeel shameverb ● i-verb
сребренsrebrensilveradjective ● hard stem
сребреникsrebreniksilver coinnoun ● o-stem
среброsrebrosilvernoun ● o-stem
сребролюбецsrebroljubecsilver-lovernoun ● jo-stem
сребролюбивsrebroljubivsilver-lovingadjective ● hard stem
средsredmiddlenoun ● monosyllabic
среденsredenmiddleadjective ● hard stem
СредецSredecSredetsnoun ● jo-stemOld Slavic name of Sofia (f.sg.nom *Serdika > m.sg.gen? *Srědьca > m.sg.nom *Srědьcь > Sredec).
средскиsredskiof Sredetsadjective ● hard stemPunčo: sret'ski grad. Spelling with /d/ based on Prolog.
сретениеsreteniemeetingnoun ● jo-stemCS sъrětenie
сречанsrečanhappy, heartyadjective ● hard stemSC
срещаsreštameeting, occasion, fortunenoun ● ā-stemCS sъręšta
срещнаsreštnameetverb ● e-verbCS sъrěsti, 1sg.prs sъręštǫ
сродникsrodnikrelativenoun ● o-stem
срокsroktermnoun ● o-stemCS sъrokъ
сръбскиsrъbskiSerbianadjective ● hard stem
сръдбаsrъdbaangernoun ● ā-stemCf. BAN VII 676
сръдняsrъdnjaangernoun ● jā-stemShould be attested in Gerov too (cf. BAN VII 676).
сръчноsrъčnoskillfullyadverb ● RBE: link
срядаsrědaWednesdaynoun ● ā-stem
ставаstavabone jointnoun ● ā-stem
ставамstavambecome, stand upverb ● a-verb
СтавракийStavrakiiStauraciusnoun ● new i-stemSon of Emperor Nicephorus.
стадийstadiistadium (distance)noun ● new i-stemInflection unclear, attested tri stadia could be interpreted as masc. count form or n.pl.nom.
стадоstadoherdnoun ● o-stem
стакиняstakinjakindleverb ● a-verbUnclear.
станstandwelling, campnoun ● o-stemCS
станаstanabecome, stand upverb ● e-verbCS stati, 1sg.prs stanǫ, 2sg staneši
старstaroldadjective ● hard stem
старейшинаstareišinaeldernoun ● ā-stem
старецstarecold mannoun ● jo-stem
старицаstaricaold womannoun ● jā-stem
старостstarostold agenoun ● i-stem
стекаstekaflow togetherverb ● e-verb
стенаstenamoanverb ● e-verb
стена (2)stena (2)wallnoun ● ā-stem
стенаниеstenaniemoaningnoun ● jo-stemCS
степенstepenstep, trace, gradenoun ● i-stem
СтефанStefanStephanusnoun ● o-stem
стигамstigamreachverb ● a-verb
стигнаstignareachverb ● e-verb
стихияstixijaelementnoun ● jā-stem
стоstohundrednumeral ●
стоенеstoenestandingnoun ● jo-stem
стокаstokagoodsnoun ● ā-stem
стократицеѭstokraticejǫhundred timesadverb ● CS
столstolchairnoun ● monosyllabic
стольнъstolьnъthrone (city)adjective ● hard stemCS
стопанинstopaninhusbandnoun ● ethno-stem
стопаницаstopanicawifenoun ● jā-stem
сторвамstorvamcauseverb ● a-verb
сторяstorjacauseverb ● i-verb
стотинаstotinagroup of hundrednoun ● ā-stem
стотиненstotinenhundredthadjective ● hard stem
стотникstotnikcenturion, captainnoun ● o-stem
стояstojastandverb ● i-verb
страданиеstradaniesufferingnoun ● jo-stem
стражstražguardnoun ● i-stemCS
стражаstražaguardnoun ● jā-stem
стражарstražarguardnoun ● jo-stem
страждамstraždamsufferverb ● a-verb
странаstranaside, landnoun ● ā-stem
страненstranenstrangeadjective ● hard stem
странникstrannikforeignernoun ● o-stem
страньствоватиstranьstvovatibe in a foreign landverb ● e-verbCS
страстницаstrastnicapassionate womannoun ● jā-stemMiklosich: strastьnica 'quae patitur'
страстотрьпьцьstrastotrьpьcьmartyrnoun ● jo-stemA CS calque of gr. athlophoros.
страхstraxfearnoun ● monosyllabic
страхливstraxlivcowardlyadjective ● hard stem
страхотаstraxotafearnoun ● ā-stem
страхувамstraxuvamfear, sufferverb ● a-verbBG straxuvam se 'fear'. Punčo uses the verb also without a reflexive with the meaning 'suffer', like modern BG stradam or straždam. This does not seem to be attested elsewhere (cf. BAN VII 490).
страшенstrašenterribleadjective ● hard stem
СтрашимирStrašimirSratsimirnoun ● o-stem
страшноstrašnoterriblyadverb ●
стрелаstrelaarrownoun ● ā-stemCS strěla
стрелнаstrelnashootverb ● e-verb
стрелямstreljamshootverb ● a-verb
стрелянеstreljaneshootingnoun ● jo-stem
стройтелstroitelmanager, buildernoun ● Miklosich: stroitelь 'oikonomos'. The CS meaning suits the Punčo's context better than BG stroitel 'builder, mason'.
строшаstrošabreak into piecesverb ● i-verb
строяstrojamake, buildverb ● i-verb
струвамstruvamdo, countverb ● a-verb
стругаstrugafurrow, riverbednoun ● ā-stemmakedonski.info: struga 'furrow, riverbed'
стружаstružaripverb ● e-verbBAN VII 506: struža (1) dial. 'strъža'
СтрумицаStrumicaStrumitsanoun ● jā-stemName of a river and city in Macedonia.
стрѣжатиstrěžatiguardverb ● e-verbCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
студstudcoldnoun ● monosyllabic
студенstudencoldadjective ● hard stem
студеньstudenьcoldnoun ● i-stemCS
стъклоstъkloglassnoun ● o-stemCS stьklo
стълбаstъlbastairsnoun ● ā-stem
стълпstъlppillarnoun ● monosyllabic
стълпникstъlpnikstylitenoun ● o-stem
стъпалоstъpalofootnoun ● o-stem
стърпяstъrpjasufferverb ● i-verb
стягstěgbannernoun ● monosyllabicMiklosich: stěgъ 'vexillum'; A u-stem in CS.
СуботинSubotinSubotinnoun ● o-stem
сугубsugubtwiceadverb ●
суетенsuetenvainadjective ● hard stem
СулиманSulimanSulaymannoun ● o-stem
сулименsulimena corrosive poisonnoun ● o-stemBAN VII 565: sulimen 'silna ximičeska otrova', 568: suljumen 'cinkov prax, s koito se pravi pomada' (ZnO ?) < tr. sülümen 'živačen dvuxlorid' (mercury dichloride, HgCl₂), SC sulimen 'arsenik, mišemor'. Unclear, what kind of substance is meant in Punčo's text, where it is mixed with vinegar for torture. As HgCl₂ is acidic and ZnO stable, perhaps the author had some other base substance in mind.
султанsultansultannoun ● o-stem
супружницаsupružnicawifenoun ● jā-stemMiklosich: sǫprǫžьnica 'syzygos, coniux'
суровsurovbrutal, rawadjective ● hard stem
суровоsurovobrutallyadverb ●
сухsuxdry, gauntadjective ● hard stem
сухоsuxodroughtnoun ● o-stem
сушаsušadryverb ● i-verb
суша (2)suša (2)droughtnoun ● jā-stem
сфунгатоsfungatoroasted eggsnoun ● o-stemBAN VII 633: sfungato 'părženi jajca s luk' (damaskinite, Trakija) < gr. sfouggaton
сходяsxodjafall down (into bed)verb ● i-verbUnclear. Miklosich: sъxoditi sę 'descendere'. The meaning of BG sxoždam 'mnogo priličam na drug' (BAN VII 735) does not suit the Punčo's context.
събераsъberacollectverb ● e-verb
събирамsъbiramcollectverb ● a-verb
съблазникsъblaznikseducernoun ●
съблазньsъblaznьdeceitnoun ● i-stemCS
съблазняsъblaznjaseduceverb ● i-verb
съблазнявамsъblaznjavamseduceverb ● a-verb
съблекаsъblekaput off clothesverb ● e-verbCS sъvlěšti, 1sg.prs sъvlěkǫ, 2sg sъvlěčeši.
съблюстиsъbljustipreserveverb ● i-verbCS; 3sg.prs sъbljuditъ
съборsъborfeast, assemblynoun ● o-stemUsed also for sabor 'sъbirane, sbor' (BAN VI 396, spelling also used by Carski).
съборищеsъborišteplace for an assemblynoun ● jo-stemCS
съборяsъborjatear downverb ● i-verb
събостиsъbostiinjureverb ● e-verbCS
съботаsъbotaSaturdaynoun ● ā-stem
събраниеsъbraniecollectionnoun ● jo-stem
събудяsъbudjawake upverb ● i-verb
събытиsъbytifulfill (prophecy)verb ● irregularCS. A common form is 3sg.aor zbi (< sъby[stъ])
съведаsъvedabringverb ● e-verb
съведетельствоватиsъvědětelьstvovatitestifyverb ● e-verbCS
съвезаsъvezabindverb ● e-verbBAN I 128: veza, vežem (1) 'vrъzvam' < CS vęzati, 1.sg.prs vęžǫ
съвезувамsъvezuvambind, make matchverb ● a-verb
съветsъvětadvice, instruction, councilnoun ● o-stemCS sъvětъ
съветникsъvetnikcouncillornoun ● o-stem
съвкупяsъvkupjacollectverb ● i-verb
съвнаsъvnadawn, hang downverb ● e-verbUnclear. The first meaning can be seen in the reflexive verb sъvna se 'sъmva se' (BAN VII 648). Punčo's meaning 'hang down' (savnaxa go ot drъvo+to) does not have parallels in the available dictionaries.
съвръшениеsъvrъšenieperfectionnoun ● jo-stem
съвсемsъvsemat alladverb ●
съвъзѧтиsъvъzęticollectverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
съвършаsъvъršafinishverb ● i-verbBG svъrša. Punčo writes usually sov-, as by East CS norm.
съвършеноsъvъršenofullyadverb ●
съвязатиsъvęzatibindverb ● e-verbCS
съвѣдѣтиsъvědětiknow, realizeverb ● athematicCS
съговорsъgovoragreementnoun ● o-stemCS
съгоденицаsъgodenicafianceenoun ● jā-stemCS
съгрешаsъgrešasinverb ● i-verb
съгрешавамsъgrešavamsinverb ● a-verb
съгрешениеsъgrešeniesinnoun ● jo-stemCS sъgrěšenie
съдsъdjudgement, courtnoun ● monosyllabicCS sǫdъ - an o-stem.
съдбаsъdbajudgement, fatenoun ● ā-stem
съдераsъderaripverb ● e-verb
съдеяsъdejaperform a serviceverb ● e-verb
съдилищеsъdilištejudgement seatnoun ● jo-stem
съдищеsъdištejudgement seatnoun ● jo-stem
съдияsъdijajudgenoun ● jā-stemCS sǫdija
съдникsъdnikjudgenoun ● o-stem
съдницаsъdnicajudgement seatnoun ● jā-stem
съдовищеsъdovištejudgement seatnoun ● jo-stemDemina et al. 2012:971 - sъdovište 'strašnijat sъd v denja na vtoroto prišestvie na Isus Xristos'
съдяsъdjajudgeverb ● i-verb
съдѣватиsъděvatidealverb ● e-verb
съединяsъedinjauniteverb ● i-verb
съжаляsъžaljaregretverb ● i-verb
съжещиsъžeštiburn, cremateverb ● e-verbCS
съживяsъživjareanimateverb ● i-verbCarski: 3sg.aor saxivi
съживявамsъživjavamreanimateverb ● a-verb
създамsъzdamcreate, foundverb ● a-verb
създаниеsъzdaniecreationnoun ● jo-stem
създателsъzdatelcreator, foundernoun ● jo-stem
съзидамsъzidambuildverb ● a-verbCarski: 3sg.aor/prs saxiveva
съзръцоватиsъzrъcovatireflect, contemplateverb ● e-verbCS
съкончаниеsъkončanieendnoun ● jo-stemCS
съконьчатиsъkonьčatiend, dieverb ● i-verbCS; Miklosich: sъkonьčati 'syntelein, consummare'. Punčo uses it even transitively: tako skonča c-rь aleѯandria d-šu svoju lit. 'thus King Alexander ended his soul'.
съкровищеsъkrovištetreasurenoun ● jo-stem
съкровницаsъkrovnicatreasurenoun ● jā-stem
съкрушаsъkrušabreakverb ● i-verb
сълзаsъlzatearnoun ● ā-stem
сълзенsъlzenof tearsadjective ● hard stem
съликъствоватиsъlikъstvovatistand face to faceverb ● e-verbCS
съложениеsъloženiecreationnoun ● jo-stemCS
сълъгатиsъlъgatideceiveverb ● e-verbCS
съмsъmbeverb ● irregularUsed for most forms of the 'be' verb, including the (CS) infinitive byti, and excluding only perfective forms based on present stem bъda.
съматрятиsъmatrjatiwatchverb ● e-verbCS
съместяsъmestjafit inverb ● i-verb
съмнаsъmnabreak dawn, hang downverb ● e-verbSee sъvna.
съмнуванеsъmnuvanedawnnoun ● jo-stemDemina et al. 2012:978 - sъmnuvane 'sъmvane, razsъmvane'
съмотрителsъmotriteloverseernoun ● jo-stemCS; Miklosich: sъmotritelь 'oikonomos'
съмотритиsъmotritiobserve, noticeverb ● i-verbCS
съмѣрꙗтиsъměrjatimake peacefulverb ● e-verbCS
съмѣшатиsъměšatimixverb ● e-verbCS
съмѫщатиsъmǫštaticonfuse, stirverb ● e-verbCS
сънsъnslumber, dreamnoun ● monosyllabic
сънитиsъnitidescendverb ● e-verbCS
сънливsъnlivsleepyadjective ● hard stem
сънувамsъnuvamhave a dreamverb ● a-verb
сънѣстиsъněstieat upverb ● irregularCS; 1sg sъnědǫ, 2sg sъněsi
сънѧтиsъnętiput downverb ● irregularCS (see ęti)
съпинатиsъpinatiimpedeverb ● e-verbCS
съпишаsъpišawrite downverb ● e-verb
съповѣдатиsъpovědatiexplainverb ● e-verbCS
съпонаsъponaobstaclenoun ● ā-stemCS
съпребиваниеsъprebivaniecohabitationnoun ● jo-stemCS
съпротивникsъprotivnikadversarynoun ● o-stemCS
съпругsъprughusband, yokenoun ● o-stemCS sǫprǫgъ. The meaning 'yoke' seems to be in CS only. The modern meaning is likely a RU influence.
съпружествоsъpružestvomarriagenoun ● o-stem
съпружницаsъpružnicawifenoun ● jā-stem
съпътницаsъpъtnicacompanionnoun ● jā-stemCS sǫpǫtьnica
съпятиsъpętibindverb ● e-verbMiklosich: sъpęti 'pedan, compedibus adstringere'. CS meaning fits into Punčo's context better than BG spъna 'stumble'.
съразумятиsъrazumětirecognizeverb ● e-verbMiklosich: sъrazouměti 'cognoscere'
сърбинsъrbinSerbnoun ● ethno-stem
СърбияSъrbijaSerbianoun ● jā-stemCS also knows an i-stem Srъblь.
сърдитоsъrditoangrilyadverb ●
сърдцеsъrdceheartnoun ● jo-stem
сърдцеволенsъrdcevolenheartfuladjective ● hard stemUnclear.
сърдяsъrdjabe angryverb ● i-verbUsually reflexive, but Punčo also uses the transitive construction 3pl.impf srьdexa go 'they were angry with him'.
сърпsъrpsicklenoun ● o-stemPunčo: srьpii - the form possibly goes to a pl. form of jo-stem *sъrpie.
съсатиsъsatisuckverb ● e-verbCS
съседsъsedneighbornoun ● o-stemAn "ethno-stem" in Berl.d..
съседnasъsednaunmountverb ● e-verb
съсекаsъsekacut in piecesverb ● e-verb
съсипаsъsipadestroy by fallingverb ● e-verb
съставяsъstavjarebuildverb ● i-verb
съсудsъsudceremonial equipmentnoun ● o-stemDemina et al. 2012:982 - sъsudi 'utvari, cъrkovni bogoslužebni sъdove'; CS sъsǫdъ
сътварямsъtvarjamcreate, doverb ● a-verb
сътворениеsъtvoreniecreationnoun ● jo-stemCS
сътворяsъtvorjacreate, doverb ● i-verb
сътещиsъteštiflow togetherverb ● e-verbCS, Punčo: 1sg.prs stečemь 'collect money'.
сътльщиsъtlьšticrushverb ● e-verbFrom the Legend of Troy. Miklosich: sъtlěšti, 1sg.prs sъtlьkǫ, 2sg sъtlьčeši
сътрѣтиsъtrětidestroyverb ● e-verbCS
сътѣкатиsъtěkatiflow towards each otherverb ● e-verbCS
сътѧжатиsъtęžatiacquireverb ● e-verbCS
съхождатиsъxoždatidescendverb ● e-verbCS
съхождениеsъxoždeniedescentnoun ● jo-stemCS, derivative of sъniti.
съхраняsъxranjaprotectverb ● i-verb
съшияsъšijasew togetherverb ● e-verb
същипяsъštipjapluckverb ● e-verbrechnik.chitanka: štipja 'pričinjavam leka bolka, kato uxapvam'
сьдеsьdeherepronoun ● CS; commonly written also as zde. The lemma also encompasses forms semo (with allative meaning) and (ot+) sǫdu (ablative).
сюданаsjudanawet nursenoun ● ā-stemCarski: siudana. Google: tr. süd anne 'wet nurse' (lit. 'milk mother')
сянкаsěnkashadownoun ● ā-stemWritten often as senkja by Punčo.
СярSěrSerresnoun ● o-stem
сѣдалищеsědalištecathedra, chairnoun ● jo-stemCS
сѣкакъвsěkakъvany kindadjective ● hard stemDialectal variant of vsěkakъv (cf. Demina et al. 2012:986).
сѣкамsěkamthink, considerverb ● a-verbDemina et al. 2012:986 - sěkam 'mislja, smjatam'
сѣкогиsěkogialwayspronoun ● Dialectal variant of vsěkoga (cf. BAN I 194).
сѣкогишенsěkogišeneverydayadjective ● hard stemDialectal variant of vsěkogišen (cf. BAN I 195).
сѣньsěnshadow, dwellingnoun ● i-stemCS
сѣръsěrshimmeringadjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
сѣстиsěstisit downverb ● e-verbCS, 1sg.prs sędǫ, 2sg sędeši, 2/3sg.aor sěde
сѣтованиеsětovaniesorrownoun ● jo-stemCS
таtaand, thusconjunction ● BAN VII 731: ta sz., čast. za dobavjane na novo, srodno i po-silno kačestvo ili obraz (= i, če), za izrazjavane na vrăzka i sledstvie (= i, da, za da), za văveždane na podčineno izrečenie za cel (= za da) ili za sledstvie (poradi koeto, če), za pojasnjavane na nešto zagatnoto (= če) etc.
ТаганTaganTagannoun ● o-stem
ТадераTaderaTatranoun ● ā-stemCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael. Unclear etymology, appears only in the CIAI 1161 version. Connection to Tatra is pure guessing.
ТаисияTaisiaThaïsnoun ● jā-stem
тайнаtainasecretnoun ● ā-stem
тайноtainosecretlyadverb ●
тайнствоtainstvosecretnoun ● o-stem
такаtakathuspronoun ● CS tako
такождеtakoždein the same waypronoun ● CS
такъвtakъvsuchadjective ● hard stemPunčo uses the pl. form takviva.
такъвзиtakъvzisuchpronoun ● Demina et al. 2012:995 - takъvzi 'takъv'
талазtalazwavenoun ● o-stemFrom gr. thalassa 'sea'
тамtamthereadverb ● Used if final -o is not present.
тамазлъкtamazlъkcattlenoun ● o-stemBAN VII 788: tamazlъk 'dobit i otgledan v kъšti dobitъk (a ne kupen)', < tr. damızlık 'životno ili rastenie za razplod'
тамамtamamexactlyadverb ● Carski's word. Mauricio: Tamam 'appunto'. BAN VII 789: tamam 'točno' < tr. tamam < ar. tamām 'pălen, cjal'
тамоtamothereadverb ● Modern BG codifies tam, but older sources use prevalently tamo, which is common in CS texts too. Originally an allative correlant of tu, it seems to have replaced it in a static locative function too (e.g. sьtvori tamo čjudesa 'he did there miracles' here).
тамянtamjanthymenoun ● o-stem
тамяновtamjanovof thymeadjective ● hard stem
ТарсTarsTarsusnoun ● o-stemAn ancient city in Cilicia (today Turkey), birthplace of Paul the Apostle and St. Mary of Tarsus (chapter 030).
тарсийскиtarsiiskiof Tarsusadjective ● hard stem
ТартарTartarTartarosnoun ● o-stem
татареtatareTatarsnoun ● jo-stem
тафраtafradecorate (oneself)verb ● i-verbBAN VII 845: tafra se (Gorna i Dolna Vasilica, Ixtimansko) 'kontja se, gizdja se', < tr. tafra 'visokomerie, nadutost' < ar. tafrah 'skok'
тафра (2)tafra (2)arrogancenoun ● uninflected
тафраджиtafradžibraggartnoun ● new i-stem
тачаtačarespect, stitchverb ● i-verbPunčo: idi predi i tači i da ne mašь mira . Possibly influence (or cognate) of RU tačať 'stitch'? BG tača 'respect' is possible, too, if there is an omission in the text.
тварtvarcreationnoun ● i-stemCS
твойtvoiyouradjective ● pronominal soft stem
творениеtvoreniemakingnoun ● jo-stemCS
творецtvoreccreatornoun ● jo-stem
творяtvorjado, createverb ● i-verb
твърдtvъrdhardadjective ● hard stem
твърдоtvъrdohardadverb ●
твърдоглавtvъrdoglavstubbornadjective ● hard stem
твърдяtvъrdjahardenverb ● i-verb
теtheypronoun ● Also used for 3pl personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: těx Pp3-pg, im or mgi Pp3-pd, gi or ix Pp3-pa
Punčo prefers oni as pl.nom form.
ТебоухъTebuxPhoebusnoun ● o-stemRuseva (2011:112) - Apollo, i.e. his epithet Phoebus 'bright' (BG Feb).
тегляtegljadrawverb ● i-verb
теготаtegotahardship, weight, burdennoun ● ā-stemMiklosich: tęgota 'baros, onus'
тегчеливtegčelivmaking hardshipsadjective ● hard stemUnclear word, used by Punčo along CS neprijaznenь. Likely related to otegča 'annoy', lit. 'put burdens' (if the root is based on *tęg-).
тежкоtežkoheavilyadverb ●
тежкосръдецtežkosrъdecheavy-hearted onenoun ● jo-stemCS tęžьkosrъdъ
тежъкtežъkheavyadjective ● hard stem
ТезишTezišTheseusnoun ● jo-stem
текаtekaflowverb ● e-verb
ТелезвийTelezviiTeletsnoun ● new i-stem
ТелеригTelerigTelerignoun ● o-stem
телесенtělesenbodilyadjective ● hard stem
телялteljalheroldnoun ● jo-stemBAN VII 924: teljal 'glašatai' < tr. tellal < ar. dallāl
тентаtentatentnoun ● ā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Miklosich: tenъta 'tentorium'.
ТеодорTeodorTheodorenoun ● o-stem
ТеодоровTeodorovof Theodoreadjective ● hard stem
ТеодотаTeodotaTheodotanoun ● ā-stem
ТеодошаTeodošaTheodosianoun ● jā-stemThe name appears with both -ša and -šija in Punčo's text.
ТеодошинTeodošinof Theodosiaadjective ● hard stem
ТеофанTeofanTheophanesnoun ● o-stem
ТеофанаTeofanaTheophanonoun ● ā-stem
ТеофановTeofanovof Theophanesadjective ● hard stem
ТеофилактTeofilaktTheophylactnoun ● o-stem
ТербалTerbalTerbalnoun ● o-stemProbably a spelling variant of Trivelii, i.e. the name of khan Tervel.
ТесвияTesvijaTishbenoun ● jā-stemMentioned in 1 Kings 17:1 (CS/LXX - 3 Kings 17:1) as the birthplace of Prophet Elijah.
тескереteskerenotice, permitnoun ● nt-stemWiki: link
теснотаtesnotanarrowness, anxietynoun ● ā-stem
теталийскиtetaliiskiof Thessalyadjective ● hard stem
ТеталияTetalijaThessalynoun ● jā-stem
ТетишаTetišaThetisnoun ● jā-stem
теткаtetkaauntnoun ● ā-stem
тефтерtefternotebooknoun ● o-stem
техенtěxentheiradjective ● hard stem
тешаtešaconsolateverb ● i-verbCS těšiti
тиtiyoupronoun ● Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, te Pp2-sa
The nominative and dative forms are homonymous (ti) in both vernacular and literature, including PPS. A distinct 2sg.nom ty is sometimes used regularily in CS texts - if so, this is specially indicated in corpus files by using the lemma ty.
ТивоуцеръTivucerTeucernoun ● o-stem
тиквицаtikvicapumpkinnoun ● jā-stem
типографенtipografenprintedadjective ● hard stem
тихtixsilentadjective ● hard stem
тихоtixosilentlyadverb ●
тичамtičamrunverb ● a-verb
тишинаtišinasilencenoun ● ā-stemCS
тласкамtlaskampushverb ● a-verb
тлененtlenenprone to rottingadjective ● hard stem
тлеяtlejasmolder, rotverb ● e-verbCS tlěti
тляtljadecaynoun ● jā-stemCS
тоtothat, thenparticle ● Used as a pronoun or conjunction (e.g. to bi otkrilъ bgъ nekoę čudesa 'then God would show some miracles'). The lemma does not reflect the n.sg.def suffix - if it is used following a noun using it as a determiner, the lemma is used instead.
товаtovathatpronoun ● The basic form reflects n.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers m.sg oblique forms togova (Pd-msg) and tomuva (Pd-msd).
товарtovargoodsnoun ● o-stem
тогаваtogavathenadverb ● relative
тогазиtogazithenpronoun ●
тогдаtogdathenadverb ● CS
тогиваtogivathenpronoun ●
тогизиtogizithenpronoun ●
тоговtogovhisadjective ● hard stem
тогыtogythenpronoun ● From the Legend of Troy.
тозиtozithatpronoun ● The basic form reflects m.sg.nom as codified today. In damaskini, toizi is more common. Covers also f.sg.nom tazi, acc tьzi, m.sg.gen/acc togozi, dat tomuzi, pl tezi.
тойtoihepronoun ● Also used for m3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: nego Pp3msg, nemu or mu Pp3msd, go Pp3msa
Punčo prefers on as the m.3sg.nom form.
тойжеtoižethe samepronoun ● From the Legend of Troy. The attested form tyǫže (noštь) seems to combine sg.gen and acc forms.
токоtokoonlyadverb ●
ТолентиноTolentinoTolentinonoun ● o-stemA city in the Marches in Italy.
толкоtolkoso muchpronoun ● CS toliko
толковаtolkovaas muchpronoun ● Punčo rarely uses case-marked forms like tolkovu and tolkovь.
толкозиtolkozias muchpronoun ●
томитиtomititormentverb ● e-verbCS
томлениеtomlenietormentnoun ● jo-stemCS
топtopbundle, cannon, cannonballnoun ● monosyllabicNisanyansozluk: tr. top 'yuvarlak nesne, küre' ('sphere') < otr. tolp
топълtopъlwarmadjective ● hard stem
топяtopjadrownverb ● i-verb
тоуждьtuždforeignadjective ● soft stemOCS variant of čužd, also found in the Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
точаtočapourverb ● i-verb
точилоtočilowine pressnoun ● o-stem
тояtojathatpronoun ● The basic form reflects m.sg.nom, but the lemma also covers f.sg.nom taja (Pd-fsn), f.sg.acc tuju (Pd-fsa) and pl.nom tija (Pd--pa).
тоягаtojagaclubnoun ● ā-stem
тражаtražasearchverb ● i-verb
тракийскиtrakiiskiof Thraceadjective ● hard stem
ТракияTrakijaThracenoun ● jā-stem
трапtrapholenoun ● monosyllabic
трапезаtrapezatablenoun ● ā-stem
трапезицаtrapezicatablenoun ● jā-stem
треваtrěvagrassnoun ● ā-stem
тревицаtrevicagrassnoun ● jā-stem
трепатиtrepatiflutter, flapverb ● e-verbCS
треперенеtrepеrenetremblingnoun ● jo-stem
треперяtreperjatrembleverb ● i-verb
трепетtrepettremblingnoun ● o-stem
трепнаtrepnaswoopverb ● e-verbAlso used for 3sg.aor trepetnu (based on present stem of re-verbalized *trepetnǫti ?) in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael.
тресаtresashakeverb ● e-verb
третиtretithirdadjective ● hard stem
триtrithreenumeral ●
ТривалияTrivalijaTriballianoun ● jā-stemA common name for Serbia or, more specifically, Timok or South Moravia Valley in Byzantine sources, based on the ethnonym of Triballi, a Thracian tribe living in the area in ancient times.
ТривелийTriveliiTervelnoun ● new i-stemThe name used by Paisius for the second khan of Danube Bulgaria (ruling 700-721). He is sometimes called a saint, likely for his aid to Byzantines during the Muslim siege of Constantinople in 717-718. However, Paisius ascribes this victory to a king called Asen (not the one from 12th century).
ТривелинTrivelinof Terveladjective ● hard stem
тривонtrivonoil, lubricantnoun ● o-stemUnclear. wiktionary: gr. tribō 'rub'
триглавникtriglavnikthree-headed onenoun ● o-stemTriglav? Used as an epithet of Devil. Miklosich: triglavьnъ 'triceps'
триглѣнъtriglěntriple (?)adjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy. The meaning is unclear, morphologically it is used as an adjective: piaxǫ črъvlena vina triglěna. Gr. triglēnos 'thrice-eyed' appears as an epithet of various things, but not wine. Veselovskij (1888:71) speculated about a mistranslated Latin source: in triclino 'in the dining room'.
триждиtriždithriceadverb ●
трисиятеленtrisijatelenthrice-shiningadjective ● hard stemMiklosich: trisijanьnъ 'valde splendens'
трискръбенtriskrъbenthrice-sadadjective ● hard stem
трияtrijarubverb ● e-verb
ТроадаTroadaTroasnoun ● ā-stem
троеtroegroup of threeadjective ● soft stemCS
ТройлоушаTroilušaTrosnoun ● jā-stem
тройскиtroiskiTrojanadjective ● hard stem
тройцаtroicatrinity, group of threenoun ● jā-stem
тройченtroičenof trinityadjective ● hard stem
тронtronthronenoun ● monosyllabic
тропарtropartroparionnoun ● o-stem
трохаtroxacrumbsnoun ● ā-stem
трошаtrošaravageverb ● i-verb
трошицаtrošicacrumbsnoun ● jā-stem
ТрояTrojaTroynoun ● jā-stem
троянинtrojaninTrojannoun ● ethno-stem
трубилоtrubilotrumpetnoun ● o-stemPunčo's word, likely a -(d)lo derivative of trǫbiti 'blow trumpet'. Otherwise attested only in čak. HR, but with a secondary meaning (wiktionary: trubilo 'glupan').
трудtrudworknoun ● monosyllabic
труденtrudenhard, pregnantadjective ● hard stem
трудяtrudjaworkverb ● i-verb
трупtrupcorpsenoun ● monosyllabic
трусtrusshakingnoun ● monosyllabic
трусаtrusashakeverb ● i-verb
трутяtrutjaimpaleverb ● i-verbUsed by Punčo: 3pl.aor/impf trutixa. Unclear, possibly a mispelling of turja.
тръбаtrъbatrumpet, rollnoun ● ā-stem
тръгнаtrъgnaleaveverb ● e-verb
тръниеtrъniethornsnoun ● jo-stemCS
тръстигаtrъstigastonecropnoun ● ā-stemUnclear, possibly related to tlъstiga 'sedum', as well as CS trъstь 'reed'.
тръшкамtrъškamthrow to the groundverb ● a-verb
трябваtrěbvaneedverb ● a-verbAlso includes variants like trebuva, treba, trebue, etc.
трясъкtrěsъkrumblenoun ● o-stem
туtutherepronoun ● CS
туваtuvaherepronoun ● Not in dictionaries, used by Punčo. Likely loc. root tu + dem. suffix -va.
тукаtukaherepronoun ●
тумрукtumrukwooden shacklesnoun ● o-stemRBE: tumruk (tur.) 'dve težki dъrveta za stjagane krakata na nakazan'
тупанеtupanedrummingnoun ● jo-stem
турскиturskiTurkishadjective ● hard stem
туртицаturticaloafnoun ● jā-stem
турчаturčamake Turkishverb ● i-verb
турчинturčinTurknoun ● ethno-stem
туряturjathrow, putverb ● i-verb
турямturjamthrow, putverb ● a-verb
тутаксиtutaksisuddenlyadverb ●
тухметtuxmetimputationnoun ● uninflectedNisanyansozluk: tr. töhmet < ar. tuhma, root wahama 'boş kuşkuya kapıldı' ('have no doubt'). Punčo: da ne drьžime tuxmetь 'so that we hold no doubts'.
тученtučenfruitfuladjective ● hard stem
тъthepronoun ● Lemma used to mark the definite suffix/article.
Sg. forms are recognized, when following adjectives or nouns: Pd-msn, ta Pd-fsn, to Pd-nsn
The plural form te is used for all genders, so the tag reflects either the head noun (if it is masc. - Pd-mpn - or fem. - Pd-fpn) or remains empty (if neut., e.g. izъ oči+te 'from the eyes': Pd--pn). The form ta, if following a plural, is tagged as Pd-npn
The gender of oblique articles like togo is tagged in a similar way, e.g. ta rasrъdi cra togo 'and he angered the king': Pd-msg, while if there is no noun, it remains empty, e.g. in CS phrase togo radi 'because of that': Pd--sg
In CS texts (rarely in PPS too), the root is also used for personal pronouns. If such forms can be syntactically distinguished (i.e. if they precede the head, or do not agree with it in case, gender and number), they are tagged as personal pronouns, e.g. toę oči 'her eyes': Pp3fsg
The shortened form of the article -o, frequently used by Punčo, is not separated from the preceding token, but rather handled as a quasi-case, e.g. stol'po 'the pillar': Nmson
тъгаtъgasorrownoun ● ā-stem
тъгувамtъguvambe sadverb ● a-verb
тъгуванеtъguvanesorrownoun ● jo-stem
тъждеtъždethe samepronoun ● CS
тъженtъžensadadjective ● hard stem
тъжяtъžjabe sadverb ● i-verb
тъйtъithusadverb ●
тъкмежtъkmežpreparation, characternoun ● jo-stemMeaning taken from RBE: link. Used to translate CS estestvo 'nature, character' in Berl.d.
тъкмоtъkmojustadverb ●
тъмаtъmadarknessnoun ● ā-stem
тъменtъmendarkadjective ● hard stem
тъмницаtъmnicadungeonnoun ● jā-stemUsually written with an e in the root (temnica, temničarъ).
тъмничарtъmničardungeon guardnoun ● jo-stemPunčo sometimes uses the singulative suffix - temničarinъ.
тъмниченtъmničenof a dungeonadjective ● hard stem
тъмнообразенtъmnoobrazendark-shapedadjective ● hard stem
тънкоtъnkodelicatelyadverb ●
тънъкtъnъkdelicateadjective ● hard stem
търгtъrgmarketplacenoun ● monosyllabicA u-stem in CS.
търговецtъrgovecmerchantnoun ● jo-stem
търговинаtъrgovinabusinessnoun ● ā-stem
търгувамtъrguvamdo businessverb ● a-verb
търкалчеtъrkalčeloaf, hostnoun ● nt-stemCarski: jedno maninco tarkalce. Now likely denoting a kind of cake (link).
търкалямtъrkaljamtumble aboutverb ● a-verb
търкамtъrkamrubverb ● a-verb
търнеtъrnethornsnoun ● jo-stem
ТърновTъrnovTarnovonoun ● o-stemOr Tъrnovo, capital of the Second Bulgarian Empire.
търновскиtъrnovskiof Tarnovoadjective ● hard stem
търпеливtъrpelivpatientadjective ● hard stem
търпениеtъrpeniepatience, endurancenoun ● jo-stem
търпяtъrpjasuffer, endureverb ● i-verb
търсяtъrsjasearchverb ● i-verb
търчаtъrčarunverb ● i-verb
тъчиıѫtъčijǫonlyadverb ● CS
тъщаtъštamother in law, mother of the bridenoun ● ā-stemCS tьšta
тъщаниеtъštanieeffort, strugglenoun ● jo-stemCS
тъщетаtъštetadamage, vanitynoun ● ā-stemCS tъšteta
тъщяtъštjastruggleverb ● i-verb
тыtyyoupronoun ● CS. Annotation of oblique forms: tebe Pp2-sg, ti Pp2-sd, Pp2-sa, tebě Pp2-sl, toboju Pp2-si
Used only in CS texts, and only if /y/ and /ě/ are used regularily on its respective etymological positions.
тысѫщаtysǫštathousandnoun ● jā-stemCS
тяtjashepronoun ● Also used for f3sg personal pronoun based on the root *j-. Annotation of oblique forms: neja Pp3fsg, nei or i Pp3fsd, ja or ju Pp3fsa
Punčo prefers ona as the f.3sg.nom form.
тялоtělobodynoun ● s-stem
тясенtěsennarrowadjective ● hard stemRBE: link
тяснотаtěsnotanarrownessnoun ● ā-stem
тѫдоуtǫduthenceadverb ● CS, see kǫdu for details.
уuatpreposition ● with gen
УалентUalentValensnoun ● o-stemPaisius' spelling (taken over by Punčo) of the name of Emperor Valens, ruling the Eastern half in years 364-378, until his death following the Battle of Adrianople.
убегнаuběgnarun awayverb ● e-verb
убивамubivammurder, killverb ● a-verb
убиваниеubivaniekillingnoun ● jo-stem
убииствоubiistvomurdernoun ● o-stem
убийцаubiicamurderernoun ● jā-stem
убияubijamurder, killverb ● e-verb
убогubogpooradjective ● hard stem
убояubojabe afraidverb ● i-verb
уведаuvedalead inverb ● e-verbA dialectal variant of BG vъveda.
уверяuvěrjabe persuadedverb ● a-verb
увидяuvidjaseeverb ● i-verb
увлекаuvlekadrag inverb ● e-verb
уводяuvodjalead inverb ● i-verbA dialectal variant of BG vъvodja.
увярвамuvěrvambegin to believeverb ● a-verbNot in dictionaries, Punčo uses it as a reflexive verb.
угаждамugaždambe pleasing, acceptableverb ● a-verbIn Berl.d. also 'place into grave'.
угаснаugasnabe extinguishedverb ● e-verb
угаснувамugasnuvambe extinguishedverb ● e-verb
угасяugasjaextinguishverb ● i-verb
угасявамugasjavamextinguishverb ● a-verb
угнусвамugnusvammake disgustingverb ● a-verbUsed by Punčo to translate CS oskvernęetъ.
угодвамugodvamplease, followverb ● a-verbBG ugaždam
угоденugodenpleasing, acceptableadjective ● hard stem
угодникugodnikfollower, favoritenoun ● o-stemMiklosich: ougodьnikъ božii 'enaretos, virtute praeditus'
угодноugodnopleasing, acceptablyadverb ●
угодяugodjabe pleasing, acceptableverb ● i-verb
угождамugoždamplease, followverb ● a-verb
угождениеugoždeniepleasurenoun ● jo-stem
уготвяugotvjaprepareverb ● i-verb
удавяudavjasuffocateverb ● i-verb
ударudarstrikenoun ● o-stem
ударяudarjastrikeverb ● i-verb
ударявамudarjavamstrikeverb ● a-verb
удвояudvojabecome doubleverb ● i-verb
удивяudivjabecome astonishedverb ● i-verb
удицаudicahooknoun ● jā-stemBG vъdica. Wiktionary: s-cr. udica 'Naprava od metala u vidu kukice, koja služi za hvatanje ribe.'
удушаudušastrangleverb ● i-verb
удържаudъržahold, controlverb ● i-verb
ужасužasterrornoun ● o-stem
ужасяužasjabecome terrifiedverb ● i-verb
уземаuzematakeverb ● e-verbBG vzema
узимамuzimamtakeverb ● a-verb
укачяukačjamount, loadverb ● i-verb
укорukorderisionnoun ● o-stem
укоряukorjaderideverb ● i-verb
укорявамukorjavamderideverb ● a-verb
украднаukradnasteal, lurkverb ● e-verbBG otkradna
украсяukrasjamake beautifulverb ● i-verb
украшениеukrašeniedecorationnoun ● jo-stem
укрепвамukrepvammake strongerverb ● a-verb
укрепяukrepjamake strongerverb ● i-verb
укрияukrijahideverb ● e-verb
укротяukrotjatameverb ● i-verb
УликианUlikianUlceiusnoun ● o-stemCS Ulkii, prefect of Caesarea, the tormentor of St. Procopius. In other sources, he appears as Paulinus (link, likely underlying the forms Ulian or Ulianinь, attested in Punčo's text) or Flavian (link). In Prologue/Punčo's version, Flavian succeeds Ulceius as the prefect after his death.
УликиановUlikianovof Ulceiusadjective ● hard stem
улицаulicastreetnoun ● jā-stem
уловяulovjahunt downverb ● i-verb
улязаulězaenterverb ● e-verbA dialectal variant of BG vlěza.
улязнаulěznaenterverb ● e-verbA dialectal variant of BG vlězna.
умumintellectnoun ● monosyllabic
умаляumaljabecome lessverb ● i-verb
умаратиumaratiget tiredverb ● a-verbSC
уменumenclever, pertaining to the mindadjective ● hard stem
умервамumervammeasureverb ● a-verb
умеяumejacan, knowverb ● e-verb
умиленumilenniceadjective ● hard stem
умиленоumilenonicelyadverb ●
умилостивяumilostivjahave mercyverb ● i-verb
умиляumiljahave mercyverb ● i-verb
умирамumiramdieverb ● a-verb
умиряumirjasoftenverb ● i-verb
умисляumisljathink, conceive a thoughtverb ● a-verbCS umysliti, 2sg.prs umysliši (an i-verb) and umyšljati, 2sg.prs umyšljaeši (an e-verb). In modern BG umislja se 'potъvam v tъžni misli' (rechnik.chitanka).
умияumijawashverb ● e-verb
умложаumložabecome manyverb ● i-verbA dialectal variant of umnoža.
умлъкнаumlъknabecome silentverb ● e-verb
умножаumnožabecome manyverb ● i-verb
умоляumoljabeg outverb ● i-verb
уморяumorjakillverb ● i-verbBG umorja 'become tired'
умраumradieverb ● e-verb
умъдряumъdrjamake wiseverb ● i-verb
умъртвяumъrtvjamake deadverb ● i-verb
унoсяunosjacarry inverb ● i-verbA dialectal variant of BG vnosja.
унгияungijaouncenoun ● jā-stemCS
унесаunesacarry inverb ● e-verbA dialectal variant of BG vnesa.
упадвамupadvamfallverb ● a-verb
упаднаupadnafallverb ● e-verbCS oupasti
упазяupazjaprotect, saveverb ● i-verbA dialectal variant of BG opazja (cf. Demina et al. 2012:1058).
упазявамupazjavamprotect, saveverb ● a-verb
упишаupišadescribeverb ● e-verb
уплашаuplašascareverb ● i-verb
упоганяupoganjabecome defiledverb ● i-verbRBE: link
уподобяupodobjamake alikeverb ● i-verb
упокояupokojagive peaceverb ● i-verb
управителupraviteladministratornoun ● jo-stem
упражнявамupražnjavamexerciseverb ● a-verbCS oupražnjati
упрегнаupregnacouple (a wagon)verb ● e-verbA variant of BG napregna?
уприличаupriličaimitateverb ● i-verbDemina et al. 2012:1059 - upriliča 'opriliča se, stana podoben na nešto'
уприличавамupriličavamimitateverb ● a-verb
упустяupustjalet inverb ● i-verbBG vъpustja?
уработяurabotjawork hardverb ● i-verb
УрвичUrvičUrvichnoun ● jo-stemA ruined fortress close to Samokov.
уредноurednodulyadverb ●
уредяuredjaput to orderverb ● i-verb
УриилUriilUrielnoun ● o-stemAn archangel mentioned in apocryphal sources (e.g. 1 Enoch 9:1). wiki
уродurodfoolnoun ● o-stem
уседнаusednamountverb ● e-verbBG usedna 'settle'
усетяusetjanoticeverb ● i-verb
усещамuseštamnoticeverb ● a-verb
усиленusilenhard, demandingadjective ● hard stem
усиляusiljaforceverb ● i-verbIn the context (i u ezero beše se usilila edna prokleta xala źmia 'and in the lake there settled an accursed xala-dragon') the word could reflect BG vselja 'settle'.
усладвамusladvamsweetenverb ● a-verbCS sladěti
усмъusmъleather stripesnoun ● o-stemCS; Miklosich: ousmъ 'endyma, indumentum', 'dermata, corium'
усмърдяusmъrdjabecome stinkyverb ● i-verb
успатиuspatiput asleep, dieverb ● i-verbCS; Miklosich: ousъpati 'koimēѳēnai, obdormiscere'
успеяuspejasucceedverb ● e-verb
успявамuspjavamsucceedverb ● a-verb
усредusredin the middlepreposition ● with gen
устаustamouthnoun ● o-stem
уставustavrulesnoun ● o-stem
устатustatspeaking too muchadjective ● hard stemRBE: ustat 'koito govori mnogo'
устиеustieentrance, deltanoun ● jo-stem
устрелнаustrelnashootverb ● e-verb
устреляustreljashootverb ● i-verb
устремяustremjafocus, move towardsverb ● i-verbCS oustrъmiti sę (an e-verb).
устрояustrojaconstruct, prepareverb ● i-verb
усучаusučatwistverb ● i-verb
усърдиеusъrdiezealnoun ● jo-stem
усърдноusъrdnozealouslyadverb ●
утвърдяutvъrdjaharden, trainverb ● i-verb
утекаutekarun awayverb ● e-verbA dialectal variant of BG otteka.
утешаutešaconsolateverb ● i-verb
утешвамutešvamconsolateverb ● a-verb
утешениеutešenieconsolationnoun ● jo-stem
утреutremorningnoun ● jo-stemCS outrě
утреняutrenjaof morningadjective ● soft stemThe lemma commonly appears in a nominalized f.sg form, meaning 'morning liturgy'.
утринutrinmorningnoun ● i-stemCS outrina
утробаutrobawomb, bowelsnoun ● ā-stem
утъкмяutъkmjahardenverb ● i-verb
утърпяutъrpjasufferverb ● i-verb
уфанаufanagraspverb ● e-verb
уфатяufatjagraspverb ● i-verb
ухапяuxapjabiteverb ● e-verb
ухоuxoearnoun ● o-stemPl. form uši is annotated as a dual (Nndnn).
уцянитиucěnitihireverb ● i-verbMiklosich: oucěniti 'mercede conducere'
учаučalearnverb ● i-verb
ученикučenikfollowernoun ● o-stem
учиняučinjadoverb ● i-verb
учителučitelteachernoun ● jo-stem
учювамučjuvamprotectverb ● a-verbDemina et al. 2012:1069 - učjuvam 'opazvam; pazja ot grexove'
файдаfaidabenefitnoun ● ā-stemGoogle: tr. fayda 'benefit'
файдувамfaiduvambenefitverb ● a-verbNot found in dictionaries.
фалаfalapraisenoun ● ā-stemCS/BG xvala
фаляfaljapraiseverb ● i-verbCS/BG xvalja
фанаfanacatchverb ● e-verbBG xvana
фараонfaraonPharaohnoun ● o-stem
фараоновfaraonovPharaoh'sadjective ● hard stem
фариаfariamarenoun ● jā-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Likely not related to unclear CS farija (probably 'picture') mentioned by Miklosich.
фарижfarižhorsenoun ● jo-stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Sometimes appears as a variant of the name Paris (CS parižь). Vasmer (IV 187): farь, CS faryžъ 'porodistyj konь, skakun' < mgr. farēs < ar. fāris 'horse'.
фарисейскиfariseiskiof the Phariseesadjective ● hard stem
фатяfatjacaptureverb ● i-verbBG xvatja
ФелеспонFelesponTenesnoun ● o-stemUnclear, but according to Veselovskij (1888:82), the name likely had a T- in the beginning. The lemma is based on Ruseva (2011:115). In the Legend, he is also the father of Briseis-Hippodameia, i.e. ʺBriseusʺ, a Lelegian king of Pedasus somewhere in Aegean. Also see the entry on Žerobon.
ФелешFelešPeleusnoun ● jo-stemAlso pelešь. Pypin's edition of the Legend of Troy has Velešъ carъ.
ФелешевFeleševof Peleusadjective ● hard stemSpelled fereleševъ and ferleševa and in the Legend. Jagić has also sg.nom/acc Pělěučevišta.
ФерараFeraraFerraranoun ● ā-stem
ферманfermanfirmannoun ● o-stemGoogle: tr. ferman 'edict'; Punčo uses pl. fermane.
ФерманFermanTheremannoun ● o-stemSite of the graves of St.St. Cosmas and Damian, likely near Amida (RU), modern Diyarbakır.
филибелийскиfilibeliiskiof Filibeadjective ● hard stemFilibe - Turkish name of Plovdiv (Philippopolis).
ФилипFilipPhilippnoun ●
ФилиповFilipovPhilipp'sadjective ● hard stem
филистинскиfilistinskiPhilistineadjective ● hard stem
философfilosofphilosophernoun ● hard stem
ФисонFisonPishonnoun ● o-stemA river flowing from Eden flowing around Havilah (Gen 2:11), a land otherwise unclear. Scanlon (2013, link) identifies it with Wadi al-Batin, flowing from Saudi Arabia.
ФлавианFlavianFlavianusnoun ● o-stem
ФокаFokaPhocasnoun ● ā-stem
ФорокияForakijaThorakianoun ● jā-stemAn unclear toponym. The form is taken from Prolog.
францускиfrancuskiFrenchadjective ● hard stemThe France-based ethnonyms are commonly used for Franks of Merovingian and Charlemagne's eras.
френскиfrenskiFrenchadjective ● hard stem
френциfrenciFrenchnoun ● o-stemAttested only in plural (cf. Demina et al. 2012:1073). Actually denotes 'Franks' (CS frǫzi, sg frǫgъ), i.e. crusaders.
фръкнаfrъknafly awayverb ● e-verb
фрѫгfrǫgFranknoun ● o-stemCS
ФрѫгияFrǫgijaFrance, Phrygianoun ● jā-stemCS - the two countries are sometimes confused in sources.
фрѫжьскиfrǫžьskFrankishadjective ● hard stemCS
фуляfuljaslanderverb ● i-verbBG xulja
фъркамfъrkamlet looseverb ● a-verb
фъркатfъrkatflyingadjective ● hard stem
фърляfъrljathrowverb ● i-verb
хаберxabermessagenoun ● uninflectedPunčo prefers the spelling xabarь. Carski - haber.
Mauricio: Habar 'notizia'. Google: az. xəbər 'message'. Nisanyan: haber < ar. habar 'bilme, bilgi, birinci elden bilinen şey'.
хазнаxaznatreasurynoun ● ā-stem
хаирxairfortunenoun ● uninflectedCarski: hair. Mauricio: Hair 'merito'
хаирджийкаxairdžiikabenefactressnoun ● ā-stemCarski: negova hairgiike
хайванxaivananimal, cattlenoun ● o-stemCarski: haivan
хайдеxaidecome!verb ● irregularSimilar to ela, the verb has only two imperative forms (2sg and 2pl).
хайдукxaidukrobbernoun ● o-stemWhile the etymology of xaide remains unclear, this form likely shows the HU pl. ending.
хайдушкиxaiduškiof robbersadjective ● hard stem
халаxaladragonnoun ● ā-stemA fantastic androphagous, sea-dwelling, serpent-like creature.
халкxalkpeoplenoun ● o-stemCarski: halk, def. halka+t. Google: tr. halk 'people'
ХамXamHamnoun ● o-stemSecond son of Noah, biblical ancestors of Canaanites, as well as peoples of Egypt, Sheba, Hittites and others.
ХамовXamovof Hamadjective ● hard stem
ХанаанXanaanCanaannoun ● o-stemUsed for both the land of Canaan and the son of Ham himself.
ханаанскиxanaanskiof Canaanadjective ● hard stem
ХанааняXanaanjaCanaannoun ● jā-stemUsed for the land of Canaan by Paisius.
хапxapshacklesnoun ● monosyllabicUnclear, attested as pl. form xapove.
хапвамxapvambite, eatverb ● a-verb
хапяxapjabite, eatverb ● e-verb
харесамxaresamlikeverb ● a-verbwiktionary: < gr. aresō 'be liked'
харесвамxaresvamlikeverb ● a-verb
харноxarnonicelyadverb ●
хартияxartijapapernoun ● jā-stem
хатърxatъrconveniencenoun ● uninflectedCarski: hatar. Nisanyan: tr. hatır < ar. xāṭir 'gönül, bilinç'
хвалаxvalapraisenoun ● ā-stem
хваляxvaljapraiseverb ● i-verb
хватяxvatjagraspverb ● i-verb
хекимджиxekimdžidoctornoun ● new i-stemGoogle: tr. hekim 'doctor'
хелеxelesuddenlyadverb ● Carski: hele. Nisanyan: tr. hele < per. hale 'uyarı ifade eden bir söz'
хемxemand alsoparticle ●
хеменxemenimmediatelyadverb ● Carski: hemen. Google: tr. hemen 'right away, immediately'
хергеляxergeliaherdnoun ● new i-stemUnclear morphology. Nisanyan: tr. hergele 'Binmeğe ve yük taşımağa alışmamış at veya eşek sürüsü' (Google: 'A herd of horses or donkeys not accustomed to riding and carrying loads'), < per. Xargale
херувимxeruvimcherubnoun ● o-stemThe Hebrew plural ending -im is not left out in CS/BG singular forms.
херувимскиxeruvimskiof Cherubimadjective ● hard stem
хесапxesapcountnoun ● o-stemCarski: bes hesap hora 'countless people'. Nisanyan: tr. hesap < ar. ḥisāb 'arithmetics'
хижаxižahouse, cottagenoun ● jā-stem
хижицаxižicahouse, cottagenoun ● jā-stem
хилемxilemhelmetnoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
хилядаxiljadathousandnoun ● ā-stem
ХинарXinarChēnarios (gooseherd?)noun ● o-stemThe name is probably based on gr. chēn 'goose', thus being the Greek equivalent of Gusarь.
хитрецxitreca cunning one, magenoun ● jo-stemUsed by Punčo to translate CS vlъsvi 'mages' (Mt 2:1).
хитринаxitrinaa cunning actionnoun ● ā-stem
хитростxitrostcunningnoun ● i-stem
хитростувамxitrostuvammake intriguesverb ● a-verb
хитърxitъrcunning, wiseadjective ● hard stem
хичxičthusparticle ●
хищникxištnikpredatornoun ● o-stem
хладxladcoldnoun ● o-stem
хладенxladencoldadjective ● hard stem
хладовинаxladovinacoolnessnoun ● ā-stem
хлебарxlebarbread bakernoun ● jo-stem
хлебенxlebenof breadadjective ● hard stem
хлебороденxleborodenbread-givingadjective ● hard stem
хлябxlěbbreadnoun ● monosyllabic
ходxodwalknoun ● monosyllabic
ходенеxodenewalkingnoun ● jo-stem
ходилоxodilofootnoun ● o-stemFrom the Legend of Troy.
ходяxodjawalkverb ● i-verb
хождамxoždamwalk, travelverb ● a-verb
хождениеxoždenietravelsnoun ● jo-stemCS
хораxorapeoplenoun ● o-stemGr. xōra 'land'. The old meaning still can be seen in the Tale of Alexander the Elder.
ХоритXoritChorathnoun ● o-stemPunčo's spelling of CS Xoraѳъ, the brook near River Jordan, where Prophet Elijah was hidden during the drought (3 Kings 17:3).
хороxorodancenoun ● o-stem
хоротаxorotadiscussionnoun ● ā-stem
хоротувамxorotuvamtalkverb ● a-verbThe form is based on Punčo's use. Demina (et al. 2012:1084) has xorotja 'govorja, prikazvam nešto', an i-verb. Other spellings include xoratuvam (RBE: link), xortuvam (rechnik.chitanka) - both a-verbs.
хотарищеxotarišteterritorynoun ● jo-stemUsed once by Punčo (041) in reference to Hungary (< HU határ 'border').
хотѣниеxotěnielustnoun ● jo-stemCS
хотѣтиxotětiwantverb ● e-verbA variant of šta, used for Resava-CS forms with the stem xošt- or xot-.
хочуxočuwillverb ● e-verbA variant of šta, likely a SC (or possibly Eastern CS) influence, also often used as future auxilia. Used if /č/ is a part of the word form. Punčo uses for 3pl.prs forms both xočat and xočut.
храбрьнѣxrabrьněbravelyadverb ● CS
храбърxrabъrbraveadjective ● hard stem
храмxramtemplenoun ● monosyllabic
храматиxramatiwaver, be lameverb ● e-verbCS: xramati, 2sg.prs xramlješi 'xōlainein, claudicare'
хранаxranafoodnoun ● ā-stem
хранителxranitelguardian, feedernoun ● jo-stem
хранителницаxranitelnicafeeder (fem.)noun ● jā-stemCS xranitelьnica 'quae servat, custos'
храняxranjafeed, protectverb ● i-verb
ХрисаXrisaChrysanoun ● ā-stemName of a river in Phrygia in today's Turkey somewhere around ancient Chonae (Honaz), unclear which.
хрисимxrisimpeacefuladjective ● hard stem
хрисовулxrisovulgolden bullnoun ● o-stem
християнинxristianinChristiannoun ● ethno-stemPunčo uses both -e and -i in pl.nom (6 vs. 9 in first 20 ch.)
християниновxristianinovof a Christianadjective ● hard stem
християнкаxristiankaChristian womannoun ● ā-stem
християнскиxristianskiChristianadjective ● hard stem
ХристовXristovChrist'snoun ● hard stem
христолюбивxristoljubivloving Christadjective ● hard stem
христолюбьцьxristoljubьcьlover of Christnoun ● jo-stemCS
ХристосXristosChristnoun ● irregularThe word is basically an o-stem, but the detachable sg.nom ending -os reflects the practice in Greek.
хромxromlameadjective ● hard stemrechnik.chitanka: xrom 'kuc'. Cf. also Derksen 2008:205
хромецxromeclamernoun ● jo-stem
хрътxrъtgreyhoundnoun ● o-stem
хубавxubavbeautifuladjective ● hard stemwiktionary: < per. xūb 'good'
хубавоxubavobeautifullyadverb ●
хубостxubostbeautynoun ● i-stem
худxudweakadjective ● hard stemCS
худѣxudělowlyadverb ● CS
хуленxulenslanderousadjective ● hard stem
хулениеxulenieblasphemynoun ● jo-stem
хулникxulnikblasphemernoun ●
хуляxuljaslander, blasphemeverb ● i-verb
хълмxъlmhillnoun ● monosyllabicHandled as an o-stem by Punčo.
хълмиеxъlmiehillsnoun ● jo-stem
хытатиxytatigraspverb ● e-verbCS
царcarking, emperornoun ● jo-stemPunčo uses old jo- (pl.nom cari) or monosyllabic stem endings (carove), but elsewhere we can seen also old i-stem endings (carie). Modern BG uses -e, the generalized jo-stem pl.acc (care). The oscillation between i- and jo-stem can be seen also in CS grammars (cf. Bončev 1952:16, Mironova 2010:52).
царевcarevking'sadjective ● hard stemPunčo uses also the hard variant carovь.
ЦариградCarigradTsarigradnoun ● o-stemBoth Carigrad and carstvujuštii gradъ are used mostly for Constantinople, but sometimes also for other royal seats, like Tarnovo (e.g. in Zogr. 107: kъ slavnomu i crstvuǫštomu gradu trъnovu).
цариградскиcarigradskiof Tsarigradadjective ● hard stem
царицаcaricaqueennoun ● jā-stem
царогражданинcarograždanincitizen of Tsarigradnoun ● ethno-stem
царскиcarskiof kingadjective ● hard stem
царствиеcarstviekingdomnoun ● jo-stemCS
царствоcarstvokingdomnoun ● o-stem
царствувамcarstvuvamhave a kingdomverb ● a-verb
царувамcaruvamreignverb ● a-verb
ЦветанаCvětanaFlora, Iphigenianoun ● ā-stemIn the Legend of Troy, the name is used for Iphigenia ('strong-born'), the daughter of Agamemnon. Jagić's version has sg.acc Cvenuažiju at the parallel place.
цветеcveteflowernoun ● jo-stem
цвиляcviljaneigh, whineverb ● i-verb
цвятcvětflowernoun ● monosyllabic
цвѣтиеcvětieflowersnoun ● jo-stemCS
целомъдриеcelomъdrieprudency, virginitynoun ● jo-stemCS cělomǫdrie 'sophrosynē, prudentia'
целомъдърcelomъdъrprudentadjective ● hard stemCS cělomǫdrъ
целувамceluvamkiss, greetverb ● a-verbCS cělovati (e-verb)
целуванеceluvanekissing, greetingnoun ● jo-stem
ценаcenapricenoun ● ā-stemCS cěna
цененcenendearadjective ● hard stem
циганеciganeGypsiesnoun ● ethno-stemUsed only in plural.
ципаcipashellnoun ● ā-stem
цицаcicanipple, breastnoun ● jā-stem
църкваcъrkvachurchnoun ● ā-stemCS crьky (an ū-stem). Punčo uses the form cъrkva (ā-stem, sg.acc cъrkvu) besides cъrkovь, originally ū-stem sg.acc, inflected as an i-stem in his system.
църковенcъrkovenecclesiasticadjective ● hard stem
църковникcъrkovnikclericnoun ● o-stem
цялcělwhole, healthyadjective ● hard stem
цѣлбаcělbahealingnoun ● ā-stemDemina et al. 2012:1101 - cělba 'izcelenie'
цѣлоcělowhollyadverb ● CS
цѣльбьникcělьbьnikhealernoun ● o-stemCS
чадърčadъrtent, umbrellanoun ● o-stem
чакамčakamwaitverb ● a-verb
часčashournoun ● monosyllabicPunčo uses sometimes pl. časi.
частčastpartnoun ● i-stemCS čęstь. In Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael, the phrase *z* česti possibly means '6 times'.
чашаčašacupnoun ● jā-stem
чврствоčvrstofirmlyadverb ● SC
чеčethatconjunction ●
че (2)če (2)will (future particle)verb ● e-verbA shortened variant of xoče, rarely used by Punčo.
чедоčedochildnoun ● o-stemCS čędo
челоčeloforeheadnoun ● o-stem
челюстčeljustjawnoun ● i-stem
челядčeljadfamily, householdnoun ● i-stem
ченгелčengelhooknoun ● o-stemrechnik.chitanka: čengel 'željazna prъčka s kuki v dvata kraja'. Punčo also uses the pl. form čengele.
червенčervenredadjective ● hard stem
червоčervointestinesnoun ● o-stemCS črěvo
чергаčergablanketnoun ● ā-stem
черенčerenblackadjective ● hard stem
черковаčerkovachurchnoun ● ā-stemDialectal variant of cъrkva, possibly an older borrowing of the same word (Pronk-Tiethoff 2013:105). The form is not attested in CS.
черковенčerkovenof churchadjective ● hard stem
черничъкčerničъkblackadjective ● hard stem
черпяčerpjapour, drawverb ● i-verbPunčo: 3sg.prs/opt da črъpetъ
честčesthonornoun ● i-stemCS čьstь
честčęstfrequentadjective ● hard stemCS čęstъ
честенčestentrue, honorableadjective ● hard stemCS čьstьnъ
честивčestivhonoringadjective ● hard stem
честитčestithonorableadjective ● hard stem
честитиčestitihonorverb ● i-verb
честноčestnohonorablyadverb ●
честоčestooftenadverb ● CS čęsto
четаčetareadverb ● e-verb
четвероконьчьнъčetverokonьčьnhaving four partsadjective ● hard stemCS - used in Homily on How Michael Defeated Satanael for one of the angelic ranks. Possibly another epithet of the seraphim ('with four arms' or 'wings').
четвероугъленčetverougъlenquadrangularadjective ● hard stemMiklosich: četveroǫglьnъ 'tetragōnos, quadrangularis'
четвертовластникčetvertovlastniktetrarchnoun ● o-stemA title shared by sons of Herod the Great.
четвертоволенčetvertovolentetrarchadjective ● hard stem
четворицаčetvoricagroup of fournoun ● ā-stem
четвъртиčetvъrtifourthadjective ● hard stem
четецčetecreadernoun ● jo-stem
четириčetirifournumeral ●
чийčiiwhosepronoun ● Interrogative pronouns are used by Punčo as relative markers of subordinate clauses (as in English).
чилешкиčileškiof humansadjective ● hard stem
чилякčilěkhumannoun ● o-stemA dialectal variant of čovek, človek etc. Used commonly by Carski (Mauricio: Cilek 'uomo').
чинčinranknoun ● monosyllabic
чиноначелникčinonačelnikcommander of the (angelic) ranksnoun ● o-stemCS činonačęlьnikъ; an epithet of Archangel Michael.
чиняčinjadoverb ● i-verb
чирепčirepsplitternoun ● o-stemCS črěpъ
числоčislocount, numbernoun ● o-stem
числяčisljacountverb ● i-verb
чистčistclean, pureadjective ● hard stem
чистоčistopurelyadverb ●
чистотаčistotapuritynoun ● ā-stem
читателčitatelreadernoun ● jo-stem
читатиčitatiread, countnoun ● e-verbCS
чловекčlovekhumannoun ● o-stemCS člověkъ, BG čovek. The initial čl- is common in the damaskini and Punčo's Sbornik. As in CS, it is commonly abbreviated as člkъ.
чловеколюбецčlovekoljubeclover of humansnoun ● jo-stemRBE: link
чловеколюбивčlovekoljubivhuman-lovingadjective ● hard stem
чловекоубиецčlovekoubiecmurderer of humansnoun ● jo-stem
чловеческиčlovečeskiof humansadjective ● hard stem
чловѣколюбиеčlověkoljubielove of humansnoun ● jo-stemCS
чловѣчьčlověčьof humansadjective ● soft stem adjectiveCS
чорапčorapsocknoun ● o-stem
чорбаджияčorbadžijaproprietor, lordnoun ● new i-stemThe ending -ja is standardized. Denotes rich men in Ottoman Bulgaria, borrowed from tr. çorbacı 'officer', originally 'stew maker' (?), from çorba 'stew' (Nisanyan link).
чръвčrъvwormnoun ● i-stem
чрѣсъčrěsъthroughpreposition ● with gen or accCS
чтениеčtenielecturenoun ● jo-stem
чтоčtowhatpronoun ● CS čьto. Similarly as kъto, the construction is etymologically the same as in modern BG relative pronouns: an interrogative root (going back to PIE *-) followed by the demonstrative suffix -to.
чувамčuvamhear, listen, careverb ● a-verb
чуденčudenmiraculousadjective ● hard stem
чудоčudomiraclenoun ● s-stemCommonly written čjudo in CS and older sources. Punčo prefers spelling čudo, and also uses it in the more general meaning 'story', not necessarily miraculous.
чудотворенčudotvorenmiraculousadjective ● hard stem
чудотворецčudotvorecwonderworkernoun ● jo-stem
чудяčudjawonderverb ● i-verb
чуждčuždforeignadjective ● hard stemCommonly written čjužd in CS and older sources.
чужденецčuždenecforeignernoun ● jo-stem
чужденкаčuždenkaforeigner (fem.)noun ● ā-stem
чункиčunkibecauseconjunction ● Carski: ciunki. Google: tr. çünkü 'because'
чуяčujahearverb ● e-verb
чѧстьнъčęstьnparticipatingadjective ● hard stemCS
шаренšarencolorfuladjective ● hard stem
ШарикоушаŠarikušaAssaracusnoun ● jā-stem
ШарикоушияŠarikušiaSaricusanoun ● jā-stem
шегаšegajokenoun ● ā-stem
шегувамšeguvamhave funverb ● a-verb
шепаšepahandfulnoun ● ā-stem
шестšestsixnumeral ●
шестиšestisixthadjective ● hard stem
шестокрилатšestokrilatsix-wingedadjective ● hard stemCS, a common epithet of seraphim.
шилецšilecstakenoun ● jo-stemWiktionary: MK šilec 'pointed tip'. Possibly a diminutive of šilo.
ШимошеваŠimoševaSimoeisnoun ●
ширинаširinalatitudenoun ● ā-stem
широкširokbroadadjective ● hard stem
широтаširotalatitudenoun ● ā-stem
ШишманŠišmanShishmannoun ● o-stem
ШишмановŠišmanovof Shishmanadjective ● hard stem
шияšijanecknoun ● jā-stem
шлемšlemhelmetnoun ● o-stem
шлянецšljaneca bitnoun ● jo-stemUnclear. rechnik.chitanka: šljaja se 'dviža se bezcelno'
ШоломоничевъŠolomoničevof Solomonidadjective ● hard stemFrom the Legend of Troy. Likely a biblicization of Telamon, father of Ajax the Great (Ajakš).
шоуйšuileftadjective ● soft stemCS
шубеšubefear, suspicionnoun ● uninflectedCarski: sciube. Mauricio: Sciubè 'dubbio, sospetto'
шубелендисамšubelendisamsuspectverb ● a-verbCarski: 3sg.aor po se sciubelendissa. Mauricio: Sciubelendissuam 'sospettare'
шугаšugascabiesnoun ● ā-stem
шумаšumaleavesnoun ● ā-stem
шупалšupaljhollowadjective ● soft stemSC, according to Skok (III 423) from šup 'cavitas'
щаštawantverb ● e-verbIncludes the future particle šte - Punčo still inflects it for person, using a full da-construction (e.g. 2pl štete da rečete 'you will say'), but there are also other forms attested, e.g. "indefinite future" with a synthetic infinitive (2sg uze štešь potrebiju 'you will get what you need').
The lemma belongs to a group of auxiliary verbs, which require the main verb in infinitive or in da-construction (cf. Mirčev 1978:235)
щадяštadjaspareverb ● i-verbCS štęditi sę
щампаštampaprintnoun ● ā-stemPaisius' word, Punčo sometimes uses pečatь to translate it. Cf. RBE: link.
щампатиštampatiprintverb ● e-verbPaisius' word: inf. štampati (Punčo: da štanpatь).
щедроštedrogenerouslyadverb ●
щедърštedъrgenerousadjective ● hard stem
щипскиštipskiof Shtipadjective ● hard stem
щитštitshieldnoun ● o-stem
щититиštititidefend with a shieldverb ● i-verbFrom the Legend of Troy.
щоštowhatpronoun ● Often used as relative pronoun (without the -to suffix) by Punčo. See čьto for etymology.
щомštomthatconjunction ●
щотоštotowhichpronoun ●
щѧдноštędnosavinglyadverb ● CS; cf. Miklosich: štęděti 'feidesѳai, parcere'; EuthDict: neštędьnъ 'žestok, bezžalosten'
ЮгJugOgnoun ● o-stemKing of Bashan mentioned in Numbers (21:23), as well as in Tale of Alexander the Elder.
ЮдаJudaJudah, Judasnoun ●
юдейскиjudeiskiJudaean, Jewishadjective ● hard stem
ЮдеяJudejaJudaeanoun ● jā-stem
юдеянинjudejaninJew, Judaeannoun ● Original CS spelling of the root was ijude- (e.g. sg.dat/loc ⰺⱓⰴⰵⰹ 'in Judaea' in Zogr. Lk 7:17), but later sources like Prolog or Elisabethan Bible prefer ıꙋде-, which was likely pronounced with a monosyllabic initial ju-. Punčo prefers иꙋде-, but also июде- and ïꙋде- can be seen.
юженjužensouthernadjective ● hard stem
юздаjuzdareinsnoun ● ā-stem
юлиjuliJulynoun ● i-stem
ЮнаJunaJunonoun ● ā-stemWritten junaa in the Legend of Troy, probably interpreted as f.sg.nom long-form of junъ 'young'.
юнакjunakheronoun ● o-stem
юначенjunačenof heroesadjective ● hard stem
юнашкиjunaškiof heroesadjective ● hard stemCould be used as both adjective and adverb (i skoči junaškii 'and he jumped heroically' here).
юнецjuneccalfnoun ● jo-stem
юниjuniJunenoun ● new i-stem
юностьjunostьyouthnoun ● i-stemCS
юношаjunošaboynoun ● ā-stemCS
юрнекjurnekexample, storynoun ● o-stemCarski: iurmek. Mitrinov 2020:156 - jurnek 'obrazec, mostra, model' < tr. örnek. Skok III 547 - urnek, bulg. jurnek 'example'
юрушjurušassaultnoun ● jo-stemCarski: juruusc. Skok I 786: jurdisat 'navaliti, napasti', juriš (Kosmet) 'navala, udarac' < tr. yürüyüş.
ютреjutremorningnoun ● jo-stem
яjaIpronoun ● A dialectal variant of az.
я (2)ja (2)behold!interjection ●
ябанджияjabandžijastrangernoun ● new i-stem
ябълкаjabъlkaapplenoun ● ā-stem
явяjavjaappearverb ● i-verb
ядjadangernoun ● monosyllabic
яденеjadenefoodnoun ● o-stem
ядовитjadovitangryadjective ● hard stem
ядуяjadujaangerverb ● e-verb
язваjazvaulcer, woundnoun ● ā-stem
яздяjazdjarideverb ● i-verb
яицеjaiceeggnoun ● s-stem
якjakstrong, prettyadjective ● hard stem
якоjakovery muchadverb ●
ЯковJakovJacobnoun ● o-stem
яланашjalanašlienoun ● jo-stemCarski: pl. jalanasce. Google: tr. yalan 'lie'
ямjameatverb ● irregular3sg.prs jade
ямаjamacavenoun ● ā-stem
януариianuariJanuarynoun ● new i-stem
яреjaregoat kidnoun ● nt-stem
ЯредIaredJarednoun ● o-stemA biblical patriarch (6th gen.)
ЯредовIaredovJared'sadjective ● hard stem
яремjaremyokenoun ● o-stem
ярешкиjareškiof a goat kidadjective ● hard stem
яростjarostangernoun ● i-stem
ярчевjarčevof billy goatadjective ● hard stemPunčo: jarьčovь. Derived from BG/MK jarec 'billy goat, buck, capricorn' (wiki)
ясенjasenclearadjective ● hard stem
яслиjaslicradlenoun ● ā-stem
ясноjasnoclearlyadverb ●
ястиеjastiedishnoun ● jo-stem
ЯфетJafetJaphethnoun ● o-stemThe third son of Noah, biblical ancestor of various peoples of the "north", e.g. Medes, Ionians, Thracians and others. Commonly written afetь by Punčo.
ЯфетовJafetovof Japhethadjective ● hard stem
ѧтиętitakeverb ● irregularCS; 1sg.prs imǫ, 2sg imeši
(an illustration)punctuation ● See Index of Illustration for description of individual pictures in the Sbornik.
ꙗвленьнѣjavlenьněapparentlyadverb ● CS
ꙗвѣjavěapparentlyadverb ● CS
ꙗкоjako (2)asconjunction ● CS
ꙖковльJakovlьJacob'sadjective ● soft stemCS
ꙗкожеjakožeas well asconjunction ● CS
ꙖкоупаJakupaHecube
** iztočnici **sourcesThe choice of the base form is based on the productivity of the root in contemporary varieties.
1. If the lemma is codified in modern standard Bulgarian or Macedonian, the lemma is taken from a (preferrably online) dictionary (BAN, rechnik.chitanka, makedonski.info, wiktionary). Jat alternation is marked with ě in the root, if relevant.
2. If the lemma is specific for Lom or Northwestern area, etymological dictionaries (primarily BAN, Skok 1971, Derksen 2008, Vasmer's, Mladenov 1941, Nisanyan) were used as a source. If not found in BG- or MK-based dictionaries, loanwords from Turkic and other non-Slavic languages were lemmatized according to wiktionary and Google Translate.
3. Historical lemmas, i.e. specific for damaskini tradition and Church Slavonic literature, were lemmatized according to relevant dictionaries, again with preferrence for online resources (Miklosich 1865, SJS, histdict.uni-sofia, Demina et al. 2012). Lemmas specific for Paulician and Rhodopean texts are supplemented by (cyrillized forms of) entries in the Father Mauricio's dictionary (Abadžieva 2020). Lemmas specific for the Legend of Troy refer to the secondary literature mentioned in the chapter header (see here).
4. Names of characters, toponyms and similar lexemes were lemmatized according to forms used most commonly by Punčo (or another editor). They often diverge from the forms used in modern Bulgarian (biblegateway) and CS (My-Bible) Bibles, which were used (alongside other text traditions and, of course, wikipedia) as a secondary reference.